IoT for Mobile Service Provider - clnv.s3.amazonaws.com · Questions? Use Cisco Spark to ... Data delivery via API, SCEF and SCS ... (Data over C-Plane, Attach wo PDN, Voice (IMS

IoT for Mobile Service Provider

Fabio Felici, Consulting Systems Engineer

BRKSPM-2389

© 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public

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How

cs.co/ciscolivebot#BRKSPM-2389

• Mobile IoT opportunities and challenges

• Cellular IoT technologies

NB-IoT and LTE-M

Network slicing and C-SGN

• Connecting IoT devices with Applications

Data delivery via API, SCEF and SCS

• Cisco Ultra IoT

• Conclusion

Agenda

Mobile IoT Opportunities and Challenges


The IoT Opportunity for Mobile SP

• Use cellular coverage to securely connect sensors, wearables, vehicles, homes, assets and more

• Provide capabilities (device management, APIs, ..) to integrate applications and develop new solutions

• Expand the customer base providing services for different vertical markets (e.g. cities, utilities, etc.)

Connect New Things

Enter new markets

Enable new services

BRKSPM-2389 6


Which IoT service?

7BRKSPM-2389

Current market focus is mainly

on metering, monitoring and

asset management

Consumer IoT just starting (e.g.

wearables, healthcare)

New Mission Critical IoT

services (robotics, VR, ..) may

be enabled with 5G

Source: Gartner


Cellular IoT vs. Proprietary LPWA technologies

• Multiple non-Cellular LPWA (Low Power Wide Access) Networks have been deployed in the last years to connect sensors

• Radio access based on 3GPP standards (NB-IOT, LTE-M, LTE) can support different IoT services in licensed spectrum, reusing eNB infrastructure

• Mobile SP can leverages existing cellular coverage to support IoT services, minimizing CAPEX and reducing Time-to-Market

• Further enhancements expected with 5G (higher density, lower latency, ..)

• Licensed spectrum can guarantee QoS

• SIM based authentication for secure access

8BRKSPM-2389


Security for mobile IoT

9BRKSPM-2389

• Billions of IoT devices increase the attack footprint (constrained endpoints, different traffic patterns)

• Cellular IoT = Secure SIM based access

Additional eSIM and small form factor for IoT

SIM management

• Mobile operators may built additional security layers for complete offer

Mainly as a differentiator


Reality Check: Enabling IoT in mobile networks

• eNB SW upgrades

• Core network deployment models (overlay vs dedicated)

• Impacts to adjacent systems (OSS/BSS, PCRF, HSS, …)

• New platform for service enablement and control

• SIM card strategy: remote provisioning / management

• End-to-end security

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The IoT Value Chain

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Devices ConnectivityService

EnablementApplication

Sensors

Module

Radio

Core Network

IoT Platform

Device Mgnt.

Analytics

Monitoring

Connectivity revenues are a minor part of total IoT spending

Mobile SP need to get a share of IoT applications spending and offer IoT as a complete solution

Total IoT Revenues addressable by Mobile Operators by 2025

Cellular IoT Technologies


Different “Things”, different requirements

13BRKSPM-2389

Mission Critical IoT (mcIoT)

Low latency

High Availability

Medium/high data volumes

Massive IoT (mIoT)

High Density, Small data volumes

Low Power (long battery life),

Low Device Cost

NB-IoT eMTC (LTE-M) LTE/5G

Other LPWA (LoRA, SigFox, ..)


RAN and CN solutions for Massive IoT devices

Years-long battery life

Enhanced coverage

Low cost device

Application

Interworking

Congestion Control

Narrow-Band, no MIMO,

half duplex, simplified

procedures

Expose data and events

via API (SCEF)

Switch-off the radio (PSM,

eDRX), simpler radio

Paging enhancements,

Repetitions,

Access Priorities, back-off

timers, Rate Limit

BRKSPM-2389 14


Current 3GPP Radio Options for Cellular-IoT (CIoT)

• Reuse existing eNB infrastructure (SW Upgrade in most cases)

• No need for new spectrum, reuse GSM or LTE bands

• Simplified TxRx: longer TTI, low order modulation, no MIMO

• Extended coverage (power class, repetition, ..) and battery life (PSM, eDRX)

16BRKSPM-2389

UE

eNB

eMTC

NB-IoT

1.08

Mhz

180 KHz

20 MHz

GSM

bands

LTE

bands

EPCS1


CIoT Optimizations in the EPC

• PSM and eDRX for battery saving, paging enhancement for extended coverage

• Small Data over NAS and S11, Non-IP Data, Data delivery and Events via API

• Attach without PDN and SMS without combined attach

SCEFSRB*

DRB

GTP-U

GTP-U

IP, Non-IP, SMS

IP, Non-IP

* Data over C-Plane

Non-IP, Events

IoT App

eMTC

NB-IoTPGWSGW

SMSC

MME

HSS

UE

SGd S6a

Non-IP, IP

BRKSPM-2389 17


Dedicated Network Slice for IoT

• Operational simplification

Test/rollout of new IoT features

Simpler interoperability

• Security requirements

Protect MBB services from IoT devices

Private/closed IoT networks

• Performance & Dimensioning

Different IoT Call profiles

NFVI optimized for density vs. Throughput

• Aligned with 5G Network Slicing concept

BRKSPM-2389 18


Non roaming

19BRKSPM-2389

C-SGN Architecture for IoT Network

“The C-SGN (CIoT Serving Gateway Node) is a combined node EPC implementation option that minimizes the number of physical entities by collocating EPS entities in the control and user planes paths (e.g. MME, S-GW, P-GW). […] A C-SGN supports sub-set and necessary functionalities compared with the existing EPS core network and also at least some [..] CIoT optimizations […] ”

Extract from 3GPP TS 23.401 Annex L


Feature Set – NB-IoT vs. LTE-M

• No strict list, operator choice

• Some suggestions from GSMA

PSM & eDRX for Battery Saving

Extended Coverage (E.g. Paging enhancements, repetitions, ..)

CP CIoT Optimization (Data over C-Plane, Attach wo PDN,

Voice (IMS based)

I-RAT Mobility

SCEF and API exposure

LTE-M NB-IoT

BRKSPM-2389 20


Cisco C-SGN

• CIoT features added to StarOS software used for Cisco EPC

Can be enabled in a dedicated C-SGN or in a EPC supporting different traffic

• StarOS naturally favors combination of network functions

StarOS instance

MME

SAE-GW

HSS

SCEF

AppUE

eNB

eMTC

UE NB-IoT

BRKSPM-2389 21

LTE

Leveraging StarOS experience


Flexible C-SGN Integration with StarOS

• IMSI based service control

New CIoT services enabled via local Operator policy, per IMSI ranges

• Local DB of NB-IoT RAT TACs as part of TAI list

• Local policy to interwork with pre Rel-13 HSS

RAT Type override, local setting of subscription data (e.g. for non-IP) per IMSI/APN

• Inherit existing StarOS features, interfaces and experience (e.g. charging, LI, ..)

22BRKSPM-2389

IMSI 123..APN IOT..

cc-profile CIOT

ciot-optimizations ..

psm …

…apn-profile IOT..

pdn-type non-ip ..

…

IMSI

check

Predefined policies and profiles

Attach Req.

Operator-policy CIOT


Virtualized C-SGN on Cisco Ultra Gateway Platform

• C-SGN VNF tuned for IoT network slice

• High session density for Massive IoT

More session per vCPU, more vCPU dedicated to session management

Additional vRAM for the VNF

• High Throughput and low latency for Mission Critical IoT

C/U-Plane Separation for U-plane close to the radio edge

Higher Throughput with vCPU dedicated to packet forwarding (DPDK)

23BRKSPM-2389

High Throughput High Density (Massive IoT)


Routing IoT traffic to a dedicated EPC

• NB-IoT is a different RAT-Type with dedicated Tracking Areas. The eNB can select a dedicated EPC based on RAT-Type, e.g. C-SGN for NB-IoT

• LTE-M uses the same RAT-Type and Tracking Areas as LTE. Selecting C-SGN also for LTE-M access would require DeCOR/eDeCOR

IoT Core

(C-SGN)

MBB EPC

eNB

mme-01

mme-03

RAT-Type MME IDsWB-E-UTRAN mme-01, mme-02NB-IoT mme-03, mme-04

mme-02

mme-04

RAT Type

WB-E-UTRAN

RAT Type

NB-IoT

eMTC

NB-IoT

LTE

BRKSPM-2389 24


Deploying DeCOR

• 3GPP Rel-13: MME may redirect the UE to another MME/Dedicated-CN

HSS support – or local settings per IMSI/APN in Cisco C-SGN(MME)

Legacy MME support – or route all IMSI attach to new MME/DeCN supporting DeCOR

• eDeCOR (Rel-14) moves dependencies to the UE .. Can it be trusted?

25BRKSPM-2389

MBB EPCDeCN 1

IoT CNDeCN 2

IMSI XXX

HSS

IMSI UE-Usage-TypeXXX 1YYY 2

MME

MMESPGW

SPGWSPGW

MME

MME

SPGWSPGW

SPGW

0.Attach Req (IMSI)

IMSI YYY

Connecting IoT Devices With Applications


Moving Up The IoT Stack

eMTC, NB-IoT, other LPWA, …

IP, Non-IP

HTTP, COAP, MQTT, ..

Device data and applications

• Many protocols and standards to choose

• How to enable and manage communication between IoT devices and apps?

• Need to avoid “silos” to reduce costs and enable new services

28

App

App

App

App

App

BRKSPM-2389


From IoT Verticals to Horizontal Platform

• Many “vertical” IoT deployments today, each device talking with its own application, through a dedicated stack.

• An horizontal platform that connects multiple devices and applications, may enable IoT services in a cost efficient way

29BRKSPM-2389

AppApp App AppApp App

network network network

Multi-access network

Common Service Layer


API and Data Modeling for IoT

• REST API to manage device data

• Access and manipulate data via stateless operations

• No need of many functions : just read/write/delete

• A common vocabulary is required to define IoT data and concepts

• Need a data model and semantics to represent device data

BRKSPM-2389 30


OneM2M

• Partnership project for a common IoT Service Layer

www.onem2m.org 200+ members including SPs, vendors and other standard forums

Enables and horizontal platform to exchange data among devices and applications

o URI identification

o Network independent

o REST approach

o Application portability

o Device management

o Subscription Management

o Accounting and charging

o HTTP/COAP/MQTT/LWM2M

BRKSPM-2389 31

http://www.onem2m.org/


Full 3GPP Architecture for MTC/IoT

• SCEF – Service Capability and Exposure Function

Non-IP Data Delivery (NIDD), Monitoring Events (MONTE)

• SCS – Services Capability Server

Additional value added services for Machine Type communications (MTC)

But 3GPP doesn’t define SCS functions and just started to work on API standardization (T8, CAPIF)

From TS 23.682

C-SGN

HSS

App

eNB

eMTC

UENB-IoT

SCEFMME

SAE-GWSGi

T6a(diameter)

API

SCS

BRKSPM-2389 32

T8(API)


Data Delivery via API in mobile network

33BRKSPM-2389

IoT

App

Non-IP

UE

SCEFMME

SAE-GWSGi

T6a

API

Data over NAS Data o/Diameter

IP or

Non-IP

UE

Data

over API

Protocol

Termination

and data

managementHTTP/COAP/MQTT over IPData

over API

EventsEvents

• 3GPP Non-IP Data Delivery (NIDD) over SCEF allow to transfer small data between Non-IP UE and application via API

• Adding optional element may allow to normalize data from SGi and make it available via the same APIs as on SCEF.

eMTC

NB-IoT


Cisco eSCEF = SCEF + SCS

• Middleware between the network and IoT applications delivering service capabilities and exposing network data to the applications via REST API.

• Built on CPS/Ultra Policy platform, based on OneM2M. Available for PoC

Cisco eSCEFMME

S/P GW Enterprise

AS

IoT Protocol

Termination

(MQTT, COAP,

HTTP, …)

Connectivity

mgmt Platform

SGi

T6a

HSS

REST/JSON Client

Device External IDs

REST API

Tenant / AS / Device

Onboarding

REST API

Data Delivery

MONTE events

3GPP SCEF

Security & Identity Mgnt.

Data

Storage

Event

rules

AP

I G

ate

wa

y

2G, 3G, LTE,

eMTC, NB-IoT

S6t

S6a

Non Cellular

BRKSPM-2389 34


eSCEF Hierarchy

• Onboarding establishes hierarchical relationships and authorization privileges between Tenant, sub-tenant, Applications and devices

• Flexible relationships, Controlled Application routing

• Customization of policies, APIs, SLAs, functions and access rules

• Self-service accounts for sub-tenant, AS, Devices

BRKSPM-2389 35


Example of MO/MT data transmission via SCEF (high level)

• IMSI <> External-ID mapping via HSS query or from eSCEF onboarding

• Control data between UE(s) and AS(s) according to provisioned service logic (tenant hierarchy), which can be updated (onboarding), e.g. add UEs or AS

36BRKSPM-2389

Cisco eSCEF

UL Data

C-SGN

POST (Ext-Id, data, ..) Metering

AS200 OK

Smart

lighting

AS

POST (Ext-Id, data, ..)

Get

IMSI

Check

service

Manage

data

AS

Auth.

Check

service

Send

requestDL Data 200 OK

T6a

SGi

HSS


eSCEF Value Added Functions (the “e” in eSCEF)

• IP data delivery via API

• Could go beyond 3GPP Access (e.g other LPWA, WiFi, etc)

• Proxy and Broker mode (data storage) for IP / non-IP data

• Device onboarding & service control (beyond HSS)

• Grouping of devices

• Flexible rules for applications Subscription and Notification

• API Gateway – authentication, SLA enforcement, API conversion

• End-to-end security

BRKSPM-2389 37

© 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 38BRKSPM-2389

C-SGN and eSCEF vs. 3GPP Architecture (TS 23.682)

C-SGN

eSCEF

Cisco Ultra IoT


Ultra Services

Framework• Pluggable framework for

in-line, subscriber-aware,

enhanced services

• Integrated as separately

upgradeable software

packages

• Gi-LAN services

Ultra Policy Platform• Carrier-grade policy,

charging, and subscriber

data management

solution

• PCRF, OCS, ANDSF,

eSCEF, OTT API,…

• Rapid service creation

environment

Ultra Gateway

Platform• Fully featured virtualized

packet core

• MME, SAEGW, SGSN,

ePDG, SaMOG, ...

• CUPS - Separated control

and user-planes

Ultra-EM: VNFM Proxy, Service Manager, Monitoring NFV-O

(e.g. Cisco NSO

or 3rd party)

VNFM

(e.g. Cisco ESC

or 3rd party)

VIM

OpenstackNFVI (Cisco or 3rd party)

eSCEF C-SGN

Cisco Ultra Services Platform

BRKSPM-2389 40


Cisco Ultra IoT Core

• Multi-access core (NB-IoT, eMTC, LPWA, ..)

• Unified policy, charging and service layer for different types of devices

• SP collects device data and routes them to subscribed applications via APIs.

C-SGNUltra Gateway

Platform

Billing

Security

Orchestration

SAEGW

IoT Apps

2G/3G/4G

NB-IoT, eMTC, Ultra IoT Core

eSCEFUltra Policy

Platform

NFVI

API

Other LPWA

Cisco Jasper

Control Center

BRKSPM-2389 41

© 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 42BRKSPM-2389

Example of Ultra IoT deployment – Two VNFs Solution

Cisco Ultra Services Platform

Ultra IoT

VIM

VNFM

NFVI

NFVOAutomation | SDN Controller | OSS/BSS | Customer Portal (WebUI)

Ultra Element Manager - Common management and orchestration

CF CF(Standby)

SF(Demux)

SF SF(Standby)…

CSGN eSCEF

SCEF Director

SCEF Engine

SCEF DB

OOAM


Multiple Ultra VNFs/slices for different services

43

App

App

App

App

App

Massive IoT

Mission Critical IoT

High Session Density

Distributed UP for Low Latency and High Data Rate

Distibuted vEPCUltra Gateway Platform

(CP+UP)

NFVI

UP

services

UP

services

C-SGNUltra Gateway

Platform

eSCEFUltra Policy

Platform

NFVI

BRKSPM-2389

Data via API


Delivering Instant Mobile Networks with Cisco Ultra

44BRKSPM-2389

IaaS

Focus existing core on mass

market traffic

Add Virtualized slice(s) for

verticals and introduction of

new mass market services

Immediate set up —

Enterprises on-boarded in

minutes

Highly customizable

Self-service reduces OpEx

Each enterprise

or IoT service gets

its own virtualized Core


Cisco Ultra IoT Opens New Opportunities for Operators

Logistics

Smart

Cities

Intelligent

Buildings

Utilities

Agriculture

Transportation

Wi-Fi

2G, 3G,

LTELTE-M

NB-

IoT

Service Provider

Cisco

Ultra IoT

API

LoRa

WAN

BRKSPM-2389 45

Cisco Jasper

Control Center

Conclusion


Key Takeaways

• IoT market is a large opportunity for Mobile SPs, which can leverage the network infrastructure and spectrum to provide services for multiple IoT verticals

• Mobile SPs should move up in the value chain, enabling services beyond network connectivity and offering an end-to-end solution.

• IoT market requires new solutions across multiple domains to address different business and technical requirements

• Cisco Ultra IoT allows mobile SPs to connect IoT devices across multiple access technologies and facilitate integration with IoT applications.

47BRKSPM-2389


References

• Ultra IoT at a glance

https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/solutions/collateral/service-provider/ultra-services-platform/cisco-ultra-iot-at-a-glance.html

• Ultra IoT C-SGN Guide

https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/wireless/asr_5000/21-5_N5-8/Ultra-IoT-CSGN/21-5-Ultra-IoT-CSGN-Guide.html

• Cisco Ultra Gateway Platform Documentation

https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/support/wireless/ultra-gateway-platform/products-installation-and-configuration-guides-list.html

• Cisco Mobile IoT Open Lab

https://www.gsma.com/iot/deployment-map/#vimercate-italy

48BRKSPM-2389

https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/solutions/collateral/service-provider/ultra-services-platform/cisco-ultra-iot-at-a-glance.html

https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/wireless/asr_5000/21-5_N5-8/Ultra-IoT-CSGN/21-5-Ultra-IoT-CSGN-Guide.html

https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/support/wireless/ultra-gateway-platform/products-installation-and-configuration-guides-list.html

https://www.gsma.com/iot/deployment-map/#vimercate-italy


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• Related sessions:

• Cisco Ultra Platform and the evolution to 5G [BRKSPM-2578] - Thursday

• Security for Mobile Service Providers [BRKSPM-2589] - Thursday

51BRKSPM-2389

Thank you

Documents

IoT for Mobile Service Provider - clnv.s3.amazonaws.com · Questions? Use Cisco Spark to ... Data delivery via API, SCEF and SCS ... (Data over C-Plane, Attach wo PDN, Voice (IMS