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To Print, print all even pages only; then, flip the even pages over with first page face down on top (last face down on bottom) and print odd pages only. Ionic Compound Solubility Nitrates (NO 3 - ) Ionic Compound Solubility Chlorates (ClO 3 - ) Ionic Compound Solubility Perchlorates (ClO 4 - ) Ionic Compound Solubility Acetates (C 2 H 3 O 2 - ) Ionic Compound Solubility Alkali Metal Compounds (Li + ,Na + ,K + ,Rb + ,Cs + ) Ionic Compound Solubility Ammonium Compounds (NH 4 + ) Ionic Compound Solubility Chlorides (Cl - ) Ionic Compound Solubility Bromides (Br - ) Ionic Compound Solubility Iodides (I - ) Ionic Compound Solubility Sulfates (SO 4 2- )

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Ionic Compound Solubility

Nitrates (NO3-)

Ionic Compound Solubility

Chlorates (ClO3

-)

Ionic Compound Solubility

Perchlorates (ClO4-)

Ionic Compound Solubility

Acetates (C2H3O2

-)

Ionic Compound Solubility

Alkali Metal Compounds (Li+,Na+,K+,Rb+,Cs+)

Ionic Compound Solubility

Ammonium Compounds (NH4

+)

Ionic Compound Solubility

Chlorides (Cl-)

Ionic Compound Solubility

Bromides (Br-)

Ionic Compound Solubility

Iodides (I-)

Ionic Compound Solubility

Sulfates (SO42-)

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All soluble All soluble

All soluble

Exceptions: AgC2H3O2

All soluble

Exceptions: KClO4

All soluble All soluble

All soluble

Exceptions: Those that contain Ag+,Hg2

2+, Pb2+,PbCl2

All soluble

Exceptions: Those that contain Ag+,Hg2

2+, Pb2+,PbCl2

Most are soluble

Exceptions: SrSO4,BaSO4,CaSO4,PbSO4,

HgSO4,Hg2SO4,Ag2SO4

All soluble

Exceptions: Those that contain Ag+,Hg2

2+, Pb2+,PbCl2

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Strong, Weak or Non Electrolytes

Strong acids

Strong, Weak or Non Electrolytes

Strong bases

Strong, Weak or Non Electrolytes

Weak acids

Strong, Weak or Non Electrolytes

Weak bases

Strong, Weak or Non Electrolytes

Soluble ionic compounds

Strong, Weak or Non Electrolytes

Insoluble ionic compounds

Strong, Weak or Non Electrolytes

Molecules

Strong, Weak or Non Electrolytes

Partially soluble ionic compounds

Common Oxidation State Changes

NO2-

Common Oxidation State Changes

C2O4

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Strong electrolytes

All soluble metal hydroxides

Strong electrolytes Perchloric, HClO4;Chloric, HClO3; Hydrobromic, HBr;

Hydrochloric, HCl; Hydroiodic, HI; Nitric, HNO3; Sulfuric, H2SO4

Weak electrolytes

All molecular bases

Weak electrolytes

All acids other than the seven strong acids

All nonelectrolytes All strong electrolytes

All nonelectrolytes Nonelectrolytes except acids and molecular bases

CO2 NO3

-

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Common Oxidation State Changes

HNO3(dilute)

Common Oxidation State Changes

HNO3(concentrated)

Common Oxidation State Changes

Sn2+

Common Oxidation State Changes

MnO4-(in acid solution)

Common Oxidation State Changes

MnO2(in acid solution)

Common Oxidation State Changes

MnO4-(in neutral or basic solution)

Common Oxidation State Changes

H2SO4(hot, concentrated)

Common Oxidation State Changes

SO32-or SO2(aq)

Common Oxidation State Changes

Na2O2

Common Oxidation State Changes

H2O2

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NO2 NO

Mn2+ Sn4+

MnO2 Mn2+

SO42- SO2

H2O + O2 NaOH

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Common Oxidation State Changes

HClO4

Common Oxidation State Changes

Cl2 (dilute basic solution)

Common Oxidation State Changes

Cl2 (concentrated basic solution)

Common Oxidation State Changes

Cr2O72-(in acidic solution)

Common Oxidation State Changes

S2O32-

Common Oxidation State Changes

NH3

Patterns of Chemical Reactivity

AX(aq)+ BY(aq)→

Patterns of Chemical Reactivity

Acid + Base →

Patterns of Chemical Reactivity Definition

Acid

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ClO- Cl-

Cr3+ ClO2-

NH4+ SO2

Precipitation Reaction - Metathesis

→ AY(s) + BX(aq)

Patterns of Chemical Reactivity Definition

A substance that is able to donate a H+ ion (a

proton) and, hence, increases the concentration of H+(aq) when it dissolves in water.

Acid/Base Neutralization - Metathesis

→ Salt + Water

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Patterns of Chemical Reactivity Definition

Base

Patterns of Chemical Reactivity Definition

Salt

Patterns of Chemical Reactivity

Metallic Oxide + Acid →

Patterns of Chemical Reactivity

Nonmetallic oxide + Base →

Patterns of Chemical Reactivity Definition

Metallic Oxide

Patterns of Chemical Reactivity Definition

Nonmetallic oxide

Patterns of Chemical Reactivity

Acid + Non-hydroxide base →

Patterns of Chemical Reactivity Definition

Non-hydroxide base

Patterns of Chemical Reactivity

Group IA metal + Nonmetal →

Patterns of Chemical Reactivity

Group IIA metal + Nonmetal →

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Patterns of Chemical Reactivity Definition

An ionic compound formed by replacing one or

more hydrogens of an acid by other cations.

Patterns of Chemical Reactivity Definition

A substance that is an H+ acceptor; a base produces

an excess of OH-(aq) when it dissolves in water.

Double Displacement - Metathesis

→ Salt + H2O

Double Displacement - Metathesis

→ Salt + H2O

Patterns of Chemical Reactivity Definition

Oxygen and a nonmentallic element.

Ex: CO2

Oxygen and a metallic element. Ex: Fe2O3

Patterns of Chemical Reactivity Definition

A base that does not contain an OH- group.

Ex: Na2S

Double Displacement - Metathesis

→ Salt + Molecular gas

Synthesis - Redox

→ Salt (Metal ion + Nonmetal ion)

Synthesis - Redox → Salt (Metal ion + Nonmetal ion

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Patterns of Chemical Reactivity

AB →

Patterns of Chemical Reactivity

Metal + Metal ion →

Patterns of Chemical Reactivity

2M(s) + 2H2O → (Pattern for Group I)

Patterns of Chemical Reactivity

M(s) + H2O → (Pattern for Group II)

Patterns of Chemical Reactivity

Mg(s) +H2O →

Patterns of Chemical Reactivity

Halogen + Halogen ion →

Patterns of Chemical Reactivity

Acid + Metal →

Patterns of Chemical Reactivity

Molecular: Pb + H2SO4 → Net Ionic: Pb + H+ + SO4

2- →

Patterns of Chemical Reactivity

Concentrated: Cu + H+ + NO3

- →

Patterns of Chemical Reactivity

Diluted: Cu + H+ + NO3

- →

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Decomposition - Redox

→ A + B

Single Displacement - (Metal Displacement) Redox

→ Metal + Metal ion

Single Displacement – Metal Displacement Pattern for Group II

Redox

→ M2+(aq) + 2OH-(aq) + H2(g)

Single Displacement – Metal Displacement Pattern for Group I

Redox

→ 2M+(aq) + 2OH-(aq) + H2(g)

Single Displacement – Halogen Displacement Redox

→ Halogen + Halogen ion

Single Displacement – Metal Displacement Exception – Mg

Redox

→ MgO(s) + H2 (g)

Single Displacement Exception

Molecular: → PbSO4 + SO2 + H2O Net ionic: → PbSO4 + SO2 + H2O

Single Displacement – Hydrogen Displacement

Redox

→ Salt + Hydrogen

Single Displacement Exception

Diluted:

→ Cu2+ + H2O + NO

Single Displacement Exception

Concentrated:

→ Cu2+ + H2O + NO2

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Ionic Compound Solubility

Carbonates (CO32-)

Ionic Compound Solubility

Phosphates (PO4

3-)

Ionic Compound Solubility

Chromates (CrO42-)

Ionic Compound Solubility

Sulfites (SO3

2-)

Ionic Compound Solubility

Hydroxides (OH-)

Ionic Compound Solubility

Sulfides (S2-)

Ionic Compound Solubility

Oxides (O2-)

Polyatomic Ions

Acetate

Polyatomic Ions

Bromite

Polyatomic Ions

Bromate

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Group I, (NH4)3PO3 Group I, (NH4)2CO3

Group I, (NH4)2SO3 Group I, (NH4)2Cr3

Group I, (NH4)2S

Group I, Sr(OH)2, Ba(OH)2

Exceptions: Ca(OH)2

Polyatomic Ions

C2H3O2- or CH3COO-

CaO, SrO, BaO

Polyatomic Ions

BrO3-

Polyatomic Ions

BrO2

-

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Polyatomic Ions

Hypochlorite

Polyatomic Ions

Chlorite

Polyatomic Ions

Chlorate

Polyatomic Ions

Perchlorate

Polyatomic Ions

Cyanide

Polyatomic Ions

Thiocynate

Polyatomic Ions

Dihydrogen Phosphate

Polyatomic Ions

Hydrogen carbonate or bicarbonate

Polyatomic Ions

Hydrogen sulfide

Polyatomic Ions

Hydrogen sulfite or bisulfite

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Polyatomic Ions

ClO2-

Polyatomic Ions

ClO-

Polyatomic Ions

ClO4-

Polyatomic Ions

ClO3

-

Polyatomic Ions

SCN-

Polyatomic Ions

CN-

Polyatomic Ions

HCO3-

Polyatomic Ions

H2PO4

-

Polyatomic Ions

HSO3-

Polyatomic Ions

HS-

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Polyatomic Ions

Hydroxide

Polyatomic Ions

Iodate

Polyatomic Ions

Manganate

Polyatomic Ions

Nitrite

Polyatomic Ions

Nitrate

Polyatomic Ions

Carbonate

Polyatomic Ions

Chromate

Polyatomic Ions

Dichromate

Polyatomic Ions

Hydrogen phosphate

Polyatomic Ions

Permanganate

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Polyatomic Ions

IO3-

Polyatomic Ions

OH-

Polyatomic Ions

NO2-

Polyatomic Ions

MnO4

2-

Polyatomic Ions

CO32-

Polyatomic Ions

NO3

-

Polyatomic Ions

Cr2O72-

Polyatomic Ions

CrO4

2-

Polyatomic Ions

MnO41-

Polyatomic Ions

HPO4

2-

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Polyatomic Ions

Oxalate

Polyatomic Ions

Peroxide

Polyatomic Ions

Disulfide

Polyatomic Ions

Sulfite

Polyatomic Ions

Sulfate

Polyatomic Ions

Thiosulfate

Polyatomic Ions

Phosphite

Polyatomic Ions

Phosphate

Polyatomic Ions

Ammonium

Polyatomic Ions

Mercury (I)

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Polyatomic Ions

O22-

Polyatomic Ions

C2O4

2-

Polyatomic Ions

SO32-

Polyatomic Ions

S2

2-

Polyatomic Ions

S2O32-

Polyatomic Ions

SO4

2-

Polyatomic Ions

PO43-

Polyatomic Ions

PO3

3-

Polyatomic Ions

Hg22+

Polyatomic Ions

NH4

+

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Common Transition Metal Oxidation States

Cadmium (Cd)

Common Transition Metal Oxidation States

Hafnium (Hf)

Common Transition Metal Oxidation States

Chromium (Cr)

Common Transition Metal Oxidation States

Iridium (Ir)

Common Transition Metal Oxidation States

Cobalt (Co)

Common Transition Metal Oxidation States

Iron (Fe)

Common Transition Metal Oxidation States

Copper (Cu)

Common Transition Metal Oxidation States

Lutetium (Lt)

Common Transition Metal Oxidation States

Gold (Au)

Common Transition Metal Oxidation States

Manganese (Mn)

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IV II

III, IV II, III, VI

II, III, V II, III

III I, II

II, III, IV, V, VI, VII I, III

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Common Transition Metal Oxidation States

Mercury (Hg)

Common Transition Metal Oxidation States

Paladium (Pd)

Common Transition Metal Oxidation States

Molybdenum (Mo)

Common Transition Metal Oxidation States

Platinum (Pt)

Common Transition Metal Oxidation States

Nickel (Ni)

Common Transition Metal Oxidation States

Rhenium (Re)

Common Transition Metal Oxidation States

Niobium (Nb)

Common Transition Metal Oxidation States

Rhodium (Rh)

Common Transition Metal Oxidation States

Osmium (Os)

Common Transition Metal Oxidation States

Ruthenium (Ru)

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II, IV Hg+, Hg2+, Hg22+

II, IV II, III, IV, V, VI

II, III, IV, V, VII II, III

II, III, IV II, III, IV, V

II, III, IV, V, VIII II, IV, VIII

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Common Transition Metal Oxidation States

Scandium (Sc)

Common Transition Metal Oxidation States

Tungsten (W)

Common Transition Metal Oxidation States

Silver (Ag)

Common Transition Metal Oxidation States

Vanadium (V)

Common Transition Metal Oxidation States

Tantalum (Ta)

Common Transition Metal Oxidation States

Yttrium (Y)

Common Transition Metal Oxidation States

Technetium (Tc)

Common Transition Metal Oxidation States

Zinc (Zn)

Common Transition Metal Oxidation States

Titanium (Ti)

Common Transition Metal Oxidation States

Zirconium (Zr)

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III, IV, V, VI III

II, III, IV, V I

III III, IV, V

II IV, VI, VII

III, IV II, III, IV

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Strong, Weak or Non Electrolytes

HClO2

Strong, Weak or Non Electrolytes

Ca(OH)2

Strong, Weak or Non Electrolytes

Pb(SO4)2

Strong, Weak or Non Electrolytes

CO2

Strong, Weak or Non Electrolytes

NaOH

Strong, Weak or Non Electrolytes

H2SO4

Strong, Weak or Non Electrolytes

NH3

Strong, Weak or Non Electrolytes

CH3COOH

Strong, Weak or Non Electrolytes

Cu(NO3)2

Strong, Weak or Non Electrolytes

Sr(OH)2

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Nonelectrolyte (partially soluble ionic compound) Weak acid/weak electrolyte

Nonelectrolyte Nonelectrolyte (insoluble ionic compound)

Strong acid/strong electrolyte Strong base/strong electrolyte

Weak acid/weak electrolyte Weak (molecular) base/weak electrolyte

Strong base/strong electrolyte Strong electrolyte (soluble ionic compound)

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