IOE blueprint for jobs in Africa v 07ioe-emp.org/fileadmin/ioe_documents/publications/Working...2016/04/15 · young people aged between 15 and 24. Unfortunately, these young people

Social Partners’ Summit on Employment in Africa

15 December 2015Adopted by acclamationCasablanca, Morocco

BLUEPRINT FOR JOBS IN AFRICA

International Labour Organization

REPORTUnanimously adopted by employers’ and workers’ representativesSocial Partners’ Summit on Employment in Africa, Casablanca, 15 December 2015

TABLE OF CONTENTS

EDITORIAL 2

SUPPORTING CHANGES IN EMPLOYMENT PATTERNS AND AFFECTED STAKEHOLDERS 5

ECONOMIC GROWTH, EMPLOYMENT AND EMPLOYABILITY IN AFRICA 7

FORMALISED AND RESPONSIBLE SOCIAL DIALOGUE 9

TEN RECOMMENDATIONS 11

THE TASK FORCE 13

FUNDING FOR EMPLOYMENT AND EMPLOYABILITY IN AFRICA 15

THE CASABLANCA DECLARATION (II) FOR EMPLOYMENT AND EMPLOYABILITY IN AFRICA, DECEMBER 2015 17

ANNEX 1: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS BY REPRESENTATIVES AND PARTICIPANTS 22

ANNEX 2: LIST OF PARTICIPANTS - IN ALPHABETICAL ORDER BY COUNTRY, REGION AND ORGANISATION 23

1REPORTUnanimously adopted by employers’ and workers’ representatives

Social Partners’ Summit on Employment in Africa, Casablanca, 15 December 2015

2 REPORTUnanimously adopted by employers’ and workers’ representativesSocial Partners’ Summit on Employment in Africa, Casablanca, 15 December 2015

EDITORIALOn our continent:

• 63%ofthepopulationislessthan25years’old

• Everymonth,1millionyoungpeopleenterthejobmarket

• Everyyear,ourworkingpopulationgrowsby18million

• 80%ofjobsareintheinformaleconomy

How canwe - responsiblepeople, influencers, proponentsof growthandprogress–resignourselvestothescourgeofthelackofjobs,andinparticularjobsforyoungpeople,onacontinentthatisontherise?

Theworldenviesourgrowthrates,butthisgrowthisfarfrominclusive,generatingfewjobsthatareskilled,decentandsustainable.

Today,theworkingpopulationofAfricaisintheorderof550millionandexpertstellusthispopulationwillreach1billionby2050,overtakingIndiaandChina.We currently have apopulationofmore than200millionyoungpeople agedbetween 15 and 24.Unfortunately, these youngpeoplearegenerallythreetimesmoreatriskofbeingunemployedthanthoseover24.

Finally,ofthe73millionjobscreatedonourcontinent,only16millionofthesehavebeenforyoungpeople. Unemploymentamongtheyouth,includinggraduates,hasreachedalarmingandunprecedentedrates–morethan20%insomecountries.

These statistics show thatwe have the youngest population of anycontinentintheworld,whichcanbeaclearcompetitiveadvantageifwerespondappropriatelyandofferprospectstoouryouth.Failingthis,thedemographicdividendwillbecometheAfricannightmareofthecentury.

Governments seemparalysed in the faceof this scourgewhichhasamajor social and sociological impactwhenwe consider thepotentialinfluenceofAfricanyouth.

To respond to this unemployment scourge,wemust react asAfrica’ssocialpartners.

Thetaskforcecreatedin2013asfollowuptoaworkshopongrowthandjobsinAfrica,whichwascoordinatedbyMrFrederickMuia,SeniorAdviserof the IOE,organised thefirst employment summit inAfrica; bringingtogetheremployersandtradeunionsinpartnershipwithBusinessAfricaandtheInternationalLabourOffice(ILO).

Our ambitionwasnot simply to comeupwith yet anotherblueprint,butrathertowriteanewnarrativebetweensocialpartners,withanewmind-set.

Theurgencywas such thatwe couldnot allowourselves tomiss theopportunity,andwerosetotheoccasion.

63 % of Africa’s population is less than 25 years’ old



Infact,governmentsmusturgentlydesignaproactivestrategytocreateconditionsforhopeforallyoungpeoplewhomustnotbesacrificedtoobscurantists.Arealcomprehensiveandcoherent“MarshallPlanforJobs”mustbedrawnup,takingintoaccountnationalspecificities.

Wemustactonallfrontstomakethemostofourdemographicdividendand create the conditions for inclusive growth. Thismust happenbystrengtheningourinfrastructures,byattracting“responsible”investors,bypromotinginnovation;byreinforcingourinstitutionsand,aboveall,byupholdingeducation,healthandtrainingasatruestandardofhumandevelopment.

Todaywemustadoptanewparadigm.AllparticipantsattheSummitunanimouslyagreedontheneedtobuildresponsibleandeffectivesocialdialogueforsharedissues.Wemustdevelopcooperationandputanendtorivalry,allthewhilerespectingtheprerogativesofeachstakeholder.

There can be no sustainable and inclusive growthwithout reforms.Dialogueisanabsolutenecessityforcreatingtheconditionsforresponsibleeconomicdevelopment.

Jobs arenot createdbydecree, butbybusinesses thatneed to growand for this theyneed tobe competitive andmoreproductive. Thisnewmind-setrequiresustoalsofocusonrespectinglabourstandards,enterprise development –with the flexibility necessary to guaranteeemployeesecurity,anappropriatelevelofsocialprotection–andonthedevelopmentoftheemployabilityofemployees,withtherighttolifelongprofessionaltraining.

Theissueofunemploymentrequiresustoleaveourdogmaticposturingbehindandinsteadassumeapragmaticandsociallyresponsibleapproach.

Stakeholders–employers,tradeunionsandgovernments–mustelevatethematterofemploymenttothestatusofanationalpriority.Indoingso,theymustgobeyondtherhetoricandproactivelymobilisesocietiesintheirentirety.Thisisanactofrealpatriotismthatcanhelpouryouth,whichisatrisk.

Onthegovernmentside,itisessentialtoallocatemeansandswiftlyadaptlegislationandinstitutions,becausetheeconomicpaceisoutofsyncwiththepaceofpolicymakingandtherepercussionscouldwellbedramatic.

Itisinthisspiritthatwehaveelaboratedthisblueprint.

The energy and engagement of African employers and tradeunionsduringthesetwodayshasopenedthedoortodialoguethatispassionate,reasonableandconstructive,elevatingyouthemploymentasatoppriorityandbeyondanypoliticalconsideration.

Itwasinfactahistoricalmoment,bothforthequalityoftheexchangeandforthespiritofresponsibilitythatreignedthroughoutourwork.

Every month, 1 million young people enter

the job market


Thisblueprintwillserveasareferenceframeworkwhicheachorganisationwillbeabletoadaptaccordingtoitsnationalissues.

Thetimeforreflectionisover–it’stimeforaction!Onmypart,withthistaskforce,wewilldowhatneedstobedonewithourpartners(ILO,IOE,BusinessAfrica)tosupportandstrengthenthecapacitiesofsocialactorstoofferrealstimulustothegenerationofinclusivegrowth,andindoingso,createtheframeworktogivebusinessesthemeanstocreatedecentandsustainablejobs.

Ourheartfelt thanksgo toMrGuyRyder,Director-Generalof the ILO,whohassupportedthecreationofthistaskforcefromtheoutset;toMsAzitaBerard-AwadforhersupportforourfirstmeetinginCasablanca;toMr.AenaesChuma,ILORegionalDirectorforAfrica,forhissupportattheCasablancaJobsSummit;toMrFrederickMuia, IOESeniorAdviserandSecretaryofthetaskforce;andtoMrFrancisSanzouangofromACT/EMP,fortheirunfailingsupportinmovingthetaskforceforward.IwouldalsoliketothankMsAliceOuedraogoandMrMohammedOuldSidioftheILOfortheirsupportinorganisingthesummit.Andfinally,mythanksgotothetradeunionrepresentativesledbyMrMamadouDiallooftheITUCandbyMrAbrarIbrahimoftheOrganisationofAfricanTradeUnionUnity(OATU)fortheirconstructivecontributionstothedebatesduringthesummitontheelaborationoftheblueprint.

JamalBelahrachPresident, IOE Task Force

EmployerMember,ILOGoverningBodyVice-President, Business Africa

Every year, the working population grows by 18 million



SUPPORTING CHANGES IN EMPLOYMENT PATTERNS AND

AFFECTED STAKEHOLDERStisnolongerpossibleforanyonetodisregardthechangestakingplaceatinternationalandregionallevel.Economicgrowthisnolongerenoughtocreatesufficientjobstoensurethecontinuedliberty,equality,securityanddignity thateveryAfricancitizenmustbeable toclaim.This,asaconsequence,leadstoincreasinglyinsecureemploymentrelationships,leadingtoanincreaseinunemployment,particularlyamongvulnerablegroupssuchaswomenandyoungpeople.Withlessavailablepurchasingpower,theeconomyasawholeisaffectedbyshortfallsinglobaldemandand,indirectly,inproduction.Thisinevitablyresultsingreaterinequality.

Furthermore,itisimportanttorememberworkplacediscriminationthatrelatestohealthissues.ThestigmalinkedtodiscriminationofthiskindisevengreaterforworkerslivingwithHIV/AIDS.PeoplelivingwithHIV/AIDSarethreetimesmore likelytobeunemployed. In2014,oneperson inninewasturneddownforajobforreasonsrelatingtotheirhealth,whileonepersonineightisdeprivedofaccesstohealthcare.It isthereforeimportanttotakeintoaccounttheproblemofprotectinghumancapitalbyofferingsolutions in termsofsocialsafetynetsanddecent jobs, inordertopromoteeconomicempowerment.

Acountry’seconomicdevelopmentdependsjustasmuchonthetraining,qualificationsandemployabilityofitscitizensasitdoesonthehealthofitspeople.Thelinkbetweenenhancinghumancapital(health,knowledge),alongsideproductivity, showsadirect linkbetweenemployability andeconomicgrowth.

Thegoodhealthoftheworkforcecannotbelimitedtobusiness;rather,itaffectssocietyasawhole,intermsofworkqualityandsocialaction,duetothetalentsandskillsthatresultfromit.Humancapital-meaningthe “quality” ofAfrica’sworkforce - alsohasadetermining role in thecontinent’seconomicprosperity.This cannotbesustainablewithoutarenewedinvestmentinhumancapital,includinginhealth,employment,socialcohesionand,moregenerally,thepromotionofindividual,economic,socialandculturalwell-being.Thesocialpartnerswillneedtore-assess,ona foundationofgreatersolidarity, theprotectionofhumancapital,particularlywithincompanies.

WhetherwithinAfricaorbeyond,addressingthe issueofemploymentcanno longerbe approacheddogmatically,with a resulting focusonsocialaspectsalone.

The challenges presented by employment in Africa are enormous,giventheabsenceofsustainablesectoralstrategies,thelackofregionalintegrationintermsoftrade,delaysineducationandtraining,imbalancesbetweenruralandurbanareas,anabsenceofintegrationintothenew

I80%

of jobs are in the

informal economy


economy, and a number of other areas,which require appropriatestrategiestailoredtoeachcountry’sneeds.

Similarly, employment legislationwill need tobe adapted to thenewlabourmarket,while, of course, continuing to ensureworkers’ safetyandsecurity.Business-akeyplayerinwealthandjobcreation-mustalsoberemodelledfollowingrenewedeconomicandsocialdialoguewithstakeholders.

Employers’organisationsneedtotaketheleadinthisdynamic,inordertocreateanewsocialcontract toallowthemtoestablisha legitimacyfoundedoneconomicandsocialresponsibility,therebydoingawaywiththedeeply-rootedimageofpredatorybusinesses.Itisemployerswhomusttakethisfirststep.

With regard to trade unions, they are key to changing behavioursand enabling countries to launch the necessary reforms in order toprovide concrete answers tounemployment in general and to youthunemploymentinparticular.Withthisnewapproach,theywillbeabletosuccessfullyimposesocialdialogueastheonlyforumfordiscussionandnegotiationforournations,whoneedtocreatetheconditionsforgrowthandinclusivedevelopmentthatwillbenefitallAfricancitizens.



ECONOMIC GROWTH, EMPLOYMENT AND

EMPLOYABILITY IN AFRICAfrica’slabourforce-thoseaged15andabove-makesupover70%ofthepopulation, and is increasingby 18millionpeople every year (anincreaseof3%between2015and2025).Morethan63%ofAfricancitizensareunder25yearsofage,andmorethanhalfarewomen.Onemillionyoungpeopleenterourcontinent’slabourmarketeverymonth,andmorethan30%of thosehave recognisedqualificationsandyetdonotfindopportunitiesfordecentwork.Between40%and80%ofjobsinAfricaarenotregistered,andareconsideredtobewithintheinformalsector.

More than 50% of African citizens are women and, unfortunately,thedecision-making andoperational role ofwomenwithin the State,institutionsingeneral,employers’organisationsandworkers’unionsinparticularremainsmarginal.Thisisaninjusticethatmustbecorrectedbychangingattitudesandmovingtowardsparity,inordertoachievea50/50splitwithinthenext10to15years.

Moreover,growthinGDPpercapitaisnotimprovinginanysignificantway,withanaverageof2%between2009and2015.However,theworryingissue isthatthiseconomicgrowth isnotcreatingenoughdecent jobs,andisnotmakingitpossibleforthefruitsofgrowthtobetranslatedintoimprovedemployabilityforAfrica’sworkforce.

SowhatdoesthefutureholdforemploymentandemployabilityinAfrica,atnational, regionalandcontinental levelbutalso inurban,suburbanand rural areasandparticularly for theyoungpeopleofanemergingcontinent?Theanswermustbecollective.

Africa’sworking-agepopulationcurrentlyexceeds550millionpeople,andwillreach1billionpeopleby2050:higherthanthatofIndiaandChina.Morethan200millionpeople livingontheAfricancontinentareagedbetween15 and24. These youngpeople are three timesmore likelythanthoseover24yearsofagetobeunemployed,toliveinprecariousconditions,andtobeexcludedfromtherighttoadecentlifeinAfrica.

Africacouldtransformitspopulation-theyoungestintheworld-intoacompetitiveadvantage, ifkeygovernmentsanddynamic leadershipsmakeitpossibletooffernewperspectivesintheformofopportunitiesforworkandwealthcreation.

Itisaquestionofaddressingthechallengeoflisteningtoeachotherasequals,andthenreachinganagreementonthemainissuesinordertoallow companies - humanorganisations,madeupof variousplayers,that interactwithexternal factorsandplayers - tobenefit in termsofdecent jobs from the changesmade,broughtaboutorundergonebythosecompanies.

A This blueprint

is intended to serve as

a continent-wide baseline

operational framework


In2014,theInternationalLabourOffice(ILO)registeredmorethan201millionunemployedpeopleworldwide;anumberthathasrisensteeplyinrecentyears.Giventhisfact,itisessentialthatAfricacreatesnewjobs.Everyoneknowsthatitisdifficult,ifnotimpossible,toholdapayrolljobthroughoutone’sprofessionallife.Just20%ofjobsinAfricaarepayrolljobs.Thelackofformalemploymentisconduciveforentrepreneurshipbutrequiresmoresupportandsmartregulations.Ofthe73millionjobscreatedwithinourcontinent,16millionconcernyoungpeople.However,averageyouthunemploymentisabove20%,includingyounggraduates.

Ifweincludetheinformalsector,unemploymentreachesalarminglevelsofbetween16%and21%onaverage,atcloseto28%foryoungpeoplealone.



FORMALISED AND RESPONSIBLE SOCIAL

DIALOGUEorAfricanbusinesses, in addition to reinforcingmaterial foundations(infrastructure),aswellasthepolitical,economic,legal,institutionalandinterpersonal(infostructures)foundationsandlogisticalperformanceinthefaceofthecomplexnatureofemploymentcreationinvaluechains(theeffectivenessanddiversityofphysicalandinformationflows),thisis an opportunity to:

• encourage theemergenceof activeAfrican investors, both in localeconomiesandforexport;

• attract“responsible”investors;

• promotethecreationofaddedvalue,technologyandinnovation;

• makegradualbutsteadyprogress towards thedigitalisationof thecontinentwithinourinstitutions.

Theintendedaimistoregenerateeducation,healthcare,thedisseminationofknowledge, training, informationandprofessionalism,makingthemrealassetsforAfricanbusiness,whileembracinghumandevelopmentstandards.

Alongside this, the reform of approaches to partnerships betweenemployers’organisationsandworkers’associationswillbemadepossibleby capacity and capability buildingwithin employers’ organisationsandworkers’associations. Whilethis isthefoundationforthereformprocess for employment and employability in Africa, we must not fail to supportAfricanbusinessesthroughspecificglobalandlocalprojectsandmeasures,whileendeavoringtoensuretheintelligentinsertionoftheseintosupplyand/oradded-valuechains.

Asoftoday,anewparadigmisneeded,foreachofusatindividuallevel,and forallofusasagroupactingasanetwork.Weneeda renewedsocialdialoguethatisresponsible,formalised,constructive,effectiveandfounded on transparency

Moreover, it is incumbent upon us to strengthen the cooperation/competition duo (coopetition), while not forgetting the virtues ofcompetitiveprocedures,withsolutionsthatacknowledgetheprerogativesofeverystakeholder.Itis,therefore,aquestionofpromotingreneweddialoguebetweensocialpartnersonthebasisofvalidatingcollaborationinachangingandunpredictableenvironment.

Jobsarenotcreatedbylegislation,butbycompanieswhoneedgrowth.For this, theymustbecompetitive,by improvingproductivity inorderto establishprofitmargins. Thisnewparadigmalso requires a focusoncompliancewithemploymentstandards,onfurtherdevelopmentof

FEmployment: a

true issue for national priority


organisations’flexibility,onthestructureof the labourmarket -whichneedstobeabletoofferbothgreaterflexibilitytobusinesseswhilealsooffering greater employment security toworkers (particularly salariedworkers) -while not forgetting improved social protection, includingpensions.Itwillbenecessarytoadaptanddevelopcurrentsocialsafetynets.

TheroleoftheState,bothasarbiterandregulator,mustalsoextendtoinvolvingstakeholdersinitsconsiderationsandinitsdecisions,inordertosupportbusinessdevelopment.

ForAfrica,thechallengeofunemploymentandlowjobcreationduringaperiodofeconomicgrowthneedsus-partnerswhorepresentemployers,workersandtheState-tomoveawayfromadogmaticstanceandtowardsamorepragmaticattitudethatencourageswealthandjobcreation.



TEN RECOMMENDATIONShefollowing ten recommendations,whichcentreonthecreationofdecent jobsandon employability in Africa, were unanimously adopted by attendees (see Annex 2: List of Summit participants):

1. Creating the conditions for growth that can generate decent and productive jobs

• Businessenvironmentandclimatethatsupportsinvestment;• Researchanddevelopment;• Peace,securityandgoodgovernance;• Structuralreformsandsectoralstrategies;• Businessproductivityandcompetitiveness• Respectandpromotionoffundamentalprinciplesandrightsatwork;• SupportforSMEsandSMIs;• Thetransitionfrominformaltoformal;• Inclusionofincomeandworkingconditions.

2. Formalised social dialogue

• Independentandrepresentativesocialpartners;• Effectiveandsustainableinstitutionsfordialogue;• Theinvolvementofthepartiesindevelopingtheagendaandtimescale;• Acommitmenttoimplementandcomplywiththeagreements.

3. The development of entrepreneurial activities

• Advocateforacultureofentrepreneurship,andstrengthenlinksbetweenbusiness,schoolsanduniversities;

• Developincome-generatingactivities;• Promoteself-employmentamongyoungpeopleandwomen;• Establishanincentiveframeworkandsetupsites(start-uphothousing);• Introduceamobilecentreforthedevelopmentofincome-generatingactivitiesand

promote co-operatives• Traininginsettingupandmanagingabusiness;• Developthesocialandsocially-supportiveeconomy.

4. Develop training that is aligned with the labour market

• Promotevocationaltrainingwithaviewtofacilitatingentryintothelabourmarket;• On-goingvocationaltraining;• Developdifferenttypesoftraining:apprenticeship,sandwichdistancetraining;• Makeworkexperiencecompulsory;• Reviewandadapteducationalcurriculaaccordingtotheneedsofthelabourmarket;

T


• Involvetheprivatesectorineducationalcurricula/trainingprogrammes;• Introduceanupgradeplanforsoftskills.

5. Design, develop and regulate for labour market intermediation systems

• Promote International LabourOrganisation (ILO) Convention 181 on privateemploymentagencies;

• Workforcemobilityincompliancewithmigrantrights.

6. Establish a tripartite employment and employability observatory

• Identifycurrentandfutureneeds;• Anticipatorymanagementofjobsandskills.

7. Implementation of an incentive plan to encourage businesses and associations to hire

• Promotean incentivepolicy toassist jobseekers, companiesandassociations topromotejobcreation;

8. Negotiate, sign and implement a tripartite social pact at regional and national level with stakeholders (the State, employers and workers) for inclusive growth that generates decent jobs

• Create theconditions formutual trustbetween thesocialpartners, through therespectofeachparty’sprerogatives.

9. Capacity-building for and with the social partners.

10. Implement a follow-up and assessment system for the implementation of recommendations.



THE TASK FORCEtakeholders (employers, tradeunionsandgovernments) shouldmakeemploymentatrueissuefornationalpriorityinawaythatgoesbeyondsimplerequirements,encouragesparticipatoryandpro-activeengagement,andmobilisessocietiesasawhole.This,inreducinginequality,wouldbeapatrioticact,andwouldassistyoungAfricansatrisk.

It is in this spirit thatBusinessAfrica and the IOEdecided in 2013 toestablish a task force thatwould focus on these issues and engageall stakeholders across the continent in amorepragmatic approach.Subsequently,thetwoorganisations,withthesupportoftheInternationalLabourOffice(ILO),decidedtoinviteAfricantradeunions-ITUC-AfricaandtheOrganisationofAfricanTradeUnionUnity(OATUU)-totakepartinthesediscussions.Thisinitiativeaimstosupportamoreactiverolebyemployers’organisationsandworkers’associationsandtoenhancetheiradvocacyworkwithgovernmentsinordertocreatethisnationaldynamic.

After an initialworking session,which resulted in thefirstCasablancaDeclarationin2013,theTaskForcemetwithsocialpartnersinDecember2015 to develop a continent-wide framework for an operational roadmaptobeformalisedinthisblueprint,toinclude,interalia,thetenrecommendationsandthe2015CasablancaDeclaration.Inordertotakelocalspecificitiesintoaccount,theregionalandnationalvariationsoftheblueprintwillmakeitpossibletoprovideroadmapsthataremultifaceted,targetedandappropriateforstakeholdersontheground.

Thisblueprintisintendedtoserveasacontinent-widebaselineoperationalframework,whicheachorganisationwillbeabletoadaptaccordingtoregionalandnationalissues.

Associalpartners,thisisahistoricopportunity.Thetimeisnowforbothsides to take responsibility and to take action against the scourgeofinadequatenetcreationofdecentjobsinAfrica,whichmustnotbeseenasaninevitability.Wecanstopthisregressivespiralifwetrulybelieveinourroleandinourresponsibilities,bysettingobjectivesthataretailoredtoourpeople.

Governments,meanwhile,must provide resources and swiftly adapttheir legislation and institutions, as the climatic, economic and socialenvironmentoftendevelopsinawaythatisoutofstepwiththepoliticalclimate.Theconsequencesofoursilence,failuretoactandthechallengesofestablishingaconstructiveandresponsiblesocialdialoguehavealreadyproventobedramatic.Infact,theclimatic-economic-socialcostisdoublethatofthehumancost.Thismaybecomeimpossibletobear,andmayeven,littlebylittle,jeopardiseoursocialprojectforAfrica’srebirthby2063.

Collective andpersonal reflectionmustmake for shifts in behaviour.ChangesinapproachthatincorporatemodernpracticesshouldallowforafocusonthepromotionofthevalueoftheindividualwithinaninclusiveandopenAfricansociety.Everyoneofus - irrespectiveofour jobsor

SGovernments must provide

resources and swiftly adapt

legislation and institutions


duties-shouldbeabletoputforwardatleastoneconcreteaction,thetermsforitsimplementationandperhapsasourceofinitialfunding.Inthisrespect,trueadvocacyforactionshouldfeaturesystematicallyinalldialoguebetweenstakeholders.

The action group, composedof the Task Force for Employment andEmployability,withitshistoricpartners(InternationalLabourOffice,IOE,BusinessAfrica,employers’andworkers’representatives,governments)orneworfuturepartners(voluntarydonors/contributors,fromboththepublicandprivatesectors),isbecomingthedrivingforceinsupportingandenhancingthecapacity-buildingofsocialactors.Arenewedsocialdialogueshouldbringaboutfar-reachingculturalchangeforallstakeholders.

Followingpilot initiatives launchedbyemployersandrecognisedbyatleast one summit on employment and employability, the Task Forceshouldbeabletosubmititsroadmaptodonors,withtheassistanceoftheInternationalLabourOfficeinmobilisingvoluntarycontributions.



FUNDING FOR EMPLOYMENT AND EMPLOYABILITY IN

AFRICAasedaroundaholistic approach, a trulypragmaticprogrammealongthelinesofa“MarshallPlanforEmploymentandEmployability”shouldemerge concentrically -meaning that it shoulddevelopoutofoneorseveral pilot African countries, and then self-perpetuate in terms ofgoodpractices and references to international, continental, regionaland national level. This overarching coordination by employers andtradeunionsatacontinent-widelevelshouldbeapplicableatregionalandnationallevel.Theseimprovementsshouldincorporateandreflectnationalspecificitiesandresultinaregularlyupdatedblueprint.

Thisprogrammewillcentrearoundfourmajorstrands:

• anew-andthereforerenewed-approachtoeconomicandsocialdialoguebetweenemployersandtradeunions,followedbyconsultationbetweenthegovernmentandthetaskforce, the latterbecomingatrueforceforchangeandgrowthinAfrica;

• solutionstogovernanceissues,bothinternalandexternal,thatarepragmaticanddifferentiatedaccordingtotheirspecificities;

• capacity-buildingforsupportinstitutionsintheareaofemploymentandemployability;

• fundingbasedonvoluntarycontributions.

Itisessentialthatthefinancialsupporttogetthisalternativeapproachtotheeconomicandsocialaspectsofwealthandjobcreationoffthegroundincorporatesadvocacyvis-à-viskeyinternationaldonors,specificallybyusingtheInternationalLabourOfficeasoneofthefocalpoints,alongsidethe InternationalOrganisation of Employers, Business Africa and allsupporting organisations such as employers’ organisations,workers’associationsandevengovernments,perhapseventhesocially-mindedprivate sector, to joinus inourefforts tomobilisefinancial resourcesthroughaspecial Trust Fund for employment and employability.Activitiesshould be planned in advance and engagedwith pro-actively by allparties,allowingustotakeactiononallfrontstocreatetheconditionsneededtostrikeabalancebetweenpracticalproposalsandfunding.Thedevelopmentobjectiveispartofamovetowardsinclusivegrowth,soastocapitaliseonourdemographicdividend.

Thegenerationofemploymentandemployabilityprojectsatnational,regionalandcontinent-widelevelmustofferleveragingopportunitiestoallowadded-value,wealthandjobcreatorstotakeownershipofthenewconstructiveandresponsibledialogueapproach,asadriverforinclusivegrowth.Thiswillnotbepossiblewithoutapro-activeandregulatorystatethatispreparedtotransparentlyestablishorenhancetheframeworkfor

B Africa could

transform its young

population into a competitive

advantage

theallocationtocompaniesoftheresourcesneeded-namelyincentivesandalevelofpredictabilitywithregardtoinstitutional,legalandfinancialaspects-tocreatedecentandsustainablejobs,inordertoseetangibleresultsontheground.

HavingconsideredtheissueofemploymentandemployabilityinAfricaasawhole,thechallengewilllieinchangingthebehavioursofallthoseinvolved,whether employers, tradeunions,workers themselves, andgovernments. Furthermore, it is important that the state, through theintermediaryofAfricangovernments-whetherindividuallyorcollectively- is able to support and contribute to this social partner initiative, byensuringthatthereiscoherencebetweenstrongsecurity,goodpoliticalgovernanceandsoundpublicpolicy.




Social Partners’ Summit on Employment in Africa

Casablanca - 15 December 2015

THE CASABLANCA DECLARATION II


THE CASABLANCA DECLARATION (II) FOR EMPLOYMENT AND EMPLOYABILITY IN AFRICA, DECEMBER 2015 We,aspartoftheprocessofraisingawarenessofdecentworkforallasaninternationalandAfricanpriority;

We,asrepresentativesofemployers’organisationsthataremembersofBusinessAfricaandoftheInternationalOrganisationofEmployers(IOE),representativesofAfricantradeunionorganisationsthataremembersofITUC-AfricaandtheOrganisationofAfricanTradeUnionUnity(OATUU),meetinginCasablancafrom14to15December2015underthepatronageofhisMajestyKingMohammedVI,inthepresenceofrepresentativesoftheInternationalLabourOffice(ILO),attheSocialPartners’SummitforEmploymentinAfrica,entitled“For a Blueprint on Employment in Africa: an African employers’ organisations initiative” andundertheauspicesoftheConfédérationGénéraledesEntreprisesduMaroc(CGEM);

Recalling the United Nations sustainable development goal (SDG) for 2030, entitled“Transforming our world” andgoal8thereof:“to promote inclusive and sustainable economic growth, employment and decent work for all”;

Taking ownershipof theDecentWorkAgendaof the InternationalLabourOffice (ILO)emphasisingtripartitesocialdialogueandsocialjustice;

Whereas theAgenda2063oftheAfricanUnion(AU)centresonAfrica’sprosperity,whichmust be based on “inclusive growth and sustainable development through decent work” and built on “collective and participatory commitment”;

Taking into account theconclusionsofthe13thRegionalAfricanmeetinginAddisAbabainDecember2015proposinganactionplan foremployment, theeradicationofpovertyandinclusivedevelopment inpartnershipwiththeILO,whichfocusedonthepromotionof institutionsandmechanisms for the creationofhigh-quality jobsand livelihoods, thepromotionofsocialprotectionandthepromotionofequalityandworkplacerights;

Developing on the basis of the Casablanca Declaration of 28 November 2013, whererepresentatives of employers’ organisations, as members of Business Africa and theInternational Organisation of Employers (IOE), and representatives of the InternationalLabourOffice(ILO)ontheoccasionoftheConferenceofAfricanEmployerson“Developing job creation strategies for African countries: the contribution of sectoral strategies” recognised:

● theroleoftheprivatesectorasadriverforgrowthandforthecreationofproductivework,contributingtotheeconomicandsocialdevelopmentofAfricancountries;

● theroleofemployers’organisationsasthevoiceoftheprivatesector,withanessentialroletoplayinsocio-economicdialogueforajointandcommonvision;

Observing thatAfrica,withanaveragerateofeconomicgrowthofaround5%overthepastdecade,isthesecond-largestsourceofgrowthworldwide;

Noting thatongoingeconomicgrowthinAfricahasresultedinaninsufficientnumberofnetdecentandsustainablejobsbeingcreated,withhighunemploymentamongvulnerablegroups,andparticularlyamongwomenandyoungpeople;



Concerned by the current weakness of socio-economic dialogue on employment andemployabilityinAfricaandculturalstumblingblocksintheorganisationofthelabourmarket,whichcontributetoinsufficientinvolvementandmobilisationofthesocialpartnersontheissueofemploymentandemployability;

Noting theimbalancebetweentheneedsofeconomicoperatorsandtheskillsofyoungpeopleonthelabourmarket;

Recalling the limited institutionaldevelopmentand the limited resourcesof the labourmarketintermediationsystem;

WishingtocontributetobringingaboutchangetoemploymentlegislationincertainAfricancountries;

Observingthelimitedeffectivenessofthevocationaltrainingsystemand,morebroadly,theimbalance-andonoccasion,thefailures-ofeducationalsystemsthatgiverisetoadditionalandunhelpfulinequalities,dependingonthecountryinquestion;

Recalling thatalargenumberofreportsanddiagnostics,programmesandactionplanshavebeenlaunchedyetnotfollowedbytrueandtangibleresultsontheground;

Inviting allemployerstooffertransparentaccesstotheirofficialaccounts,toshowtheircommitmenttomovingtowardsaninnovativebusinessmodelbasedonarenewedandconstructivesocialdialoguebetweenthesocialpartners;

Convinced that employers’ representatives have committed to take the lead in thedevelopment of new constructive approaches to coordination between employers andworkers, and between the government and the groups of social partners (employers/workers);

We recommend thefollowingfor:

A/ Employers’ organisations:

1. TheextensionoftheTaskForceonEmploymentandEmployabilityinAfrica,composedofatleastfour(4)members,tobeelectedforatwo-yearmandate;

2. TheidentificationofpilotprojectstobeimplementedpriortothenextSocialPartners’SummitforEmploymentandEmployability inAfricaonthetopicof“Follow-uptotheBlueprintonEmploymentandEmployabilityinAfrica”,givingpriorityto:

2.1 NationalimplementationoftheblueprintandrecommendationsoftheCasablancaDeclaration (December 2015) in the form of a national summit on employment and employability involving the following countries, at aminimum: Côte d’Ivoire,theDemocraticRepublicofCongo,Tunisia,Senegal,andinallcountrieswishingtotakepart.Theobjective is toextendthenumberofstakeholdersandtoadvocateforthisparadigmshiftinthepartnerrelationshipsbetweenemployersandworkers,bysupportingcooperationinanincreasinglycompetitiveworldinordertomakeacontributiontothepreventionandavoidanceofallformsofregressionbothintermsofwealthcreationandinthecreationofjobs.

2.2 Thepreparationofalistofat leastthreeflagshipprojectswhereaconsensushasbeen reached between employers’ representatives and workers’ representatives,whichwillbesubmittedtogovernmentandtosponsorsidentifiedfortheirvoluntarysupportforafundingmechanismforemploymentandemployabilityinAfrica.The


chosenprojectsshouldcentreonthefollowingareas: taxation;access to funding;managementandtransparency;entrepreneurshipandthecreationofadded-valueandwealth; the labourmarket; themarket forproducts and services; integrationand regionalmarkets; training and employability; inclusion; social protection andsafetynets;thebusinessenvironmentandforeseeability;legalregulatoryinstitutions(employment and/or trade tribunals, the transition from informal towards formalwithafocusonself-employmentetc.),andshouldtaketheformof:

2.2.1 A summit dedicated to constructive economic and social dialogue and acommitmentto includestakeholders inthestrategicchoicesof job-creatingorganisations;

2.2.2 Institution-building and institutional support for employers’ and workers’organisations at national, regional and continental level, including internaltraining sessions inorder tobetter understand the roleof business in theeconomy;

2.2.3 Direct support in the form of a project to improve employment andemployability;

2.2.4 ThedevelopmentoflegaltextsonatrustfundforemploymentandemployabilityinAfrica,inadditiontoaprojectdocumentincludingatleastthreeprojectsforimplementation,which should be submitted to potential donors in English,FrenchandArabic;

2.2.5 Theimplementationandactioningofprojectsfinancedbydonors.

3. Formal acceptance and observance by employers of the principle of the “learningcompany”inatradingenvironmentthatissubjecttocompetitioninanopenworld,withthepotentialbenefittoworkersofapermanentemploymentcontractwithopportunitiesforchangeinlinewiththecompany’sdevelopment;

4. Follow-upandassessmentmechanism.

B/ Workers’ unions

1. Highlight strategic and/or topical subject areas centred around employment andemployability inAfrica,withpriority given to theobservanceof employee rights andobligationswithregardtoexistinglegislationorcollectiveagreements;

2. Advocateforachangewithintradeunionorganisationswithnewformsof constructive dialoguetosupportcompaniesintheirdevelopmentprocess,bybeingawareofthemarket, companies’ official and transparent accounts, and developments leading toindispensable changes that allow companies and the jobopportunities theyoffer tosurviveanddevelopinthelongterm;

3. Beasourceofideas,withaviewtoimprovingworkingconditions,includingsocialsafetynets,whilenotjeopardisingorcompromisingthecompetitivenessorsustainabilityofthecompany.

C/ The State

1. Accept theprincipleofholdingasummitonemploymentandemployabilitywith thesocial partners, as part of the implementation of the Casablanca recommendations,December2015;



2. Createtheconditionsneededtoensurethatthebusinessenvironmentisconducivetoeconomicgrowthandtoboosting jobsandemployability, inacompetitive,openandunpredictableeconomy;

3. Ensurethatregulationisfairandbalancedforahealthycompetitiveenvironment;

4. Establish a government focal point to reflect the holistic approach to the issue ofemployment and employability, with an obligation to report directly to the head ofgovernment;

5. Asfaraspossible,avoidgovernmentrulingsonemployment,andensurethattheStatedoesnotbecomeinflexibleorslowinitsdecision-makingprocesses,therebymakingitdifficultforbusinessestooperateeffectivelyinaconstantlychangingmarket;

6. Ensure that the relevant ILO conventions are ratified, that the provisions of theemployment code and collective agreements are observed and applied, and thatagreementsresultingfromsocialdialogueareimplemented.

D/ The Task Force on Employment and Employability

1. Update the Task Force termsof reference in relation to thedevelopments andnewobjectivesthatemergedduringtheSocialPartners’SummitinAfrica(14-15December2015,Casablanca);

2. Mobilise employers’ and workers’ organisations on the issue of employment andemployability,particularlywithregardtoyoungpeopleandwomen;

3. Introducestructuredadvocacyonemploymentandemployabilityvis-à-visgovernments;

4. Engagewith the ILO, IOE,OATUUand ITUC-Africa toorganiseamini-summit for themobilisationofvoluntaryfinancialresourcesbasedonthetrustfundforemploymentand employability, and the projects put forward by various national bodies that arestakeholdersinmonitoringtheCasablancaDeclarationonEmploymentandEmployabilityinAfrica;

5. RaiseawarenessamongandengagewithAfricanandnon-Africangovernmentsandwithprivatesectorcompaniesinpromotingcorporatesocialresponsibility.

6. Use resources to mobilise and build the capacities and capabilities of employers’organisationsandworkers’tradeunions;

7. Mobilisetradeunionsontheissueofemploymentandemployability;

8. PutforwardasocialcontractforemploymentandemployabilityinAfrica,withanannualconferenceforupdatesontheroadmapandtoassesstheimplementationofthesocialcontractinlightofthevoluntarycontributionsavailable.

In light of the various recommendations, and in order to move forward towards anecosystem that supports sustainable and inclusive economic growthofferingnumerousanddiverseopportunitiesfordecentwork,withafocusonpermanentcontractorpart-timepositionsnegotiatedinadvancebetweenstakeholders,we,asrepresentativesofemployers’organisationsbelongingtoBusinessAfricaandtheInternationalOrganisationofEmployers,withtheinvolvementofAfricanorganisationsrepresentingworkers,agreetoundertakeallpossiblestepstoimplementtherecommendationsunanimouslyadoptedon15December2015inCasablanca.


ANNEX 1: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS BY REPRESENTATIVES AND PARTICIPANTSFirstly, theparticipantswishtothanktheMoroccanauthoritiesfortheirsupport,particularlyHisMajestyKingMohammedVI, forthepatronageunder which the symposiumwas held. The presence of the Head ofGovernment at the opening of this summit highlights the importancethatMoroccoisplacingonarenewed,formalisedandconstructivesocialdialogueonemploymentandemployability.

Participants also wish to offer their most sincere thanks to theConfédérationGénéraledesEntreprisesduMaroc(CGEM),particularlythePresidentandVice-President,andtoallitsemployeesfortheirhospitalityandwarmwelcome.

ItwouldnotbepossibletoclosethisSummitwithoutofferingourthanksto the partner organisations, such as the InternationalOrganisation ofEmployers,BusinessAfrica,ITUC-Africa,theOrganisationforAfricanTradeUnionUnity(OATUU)andtheInternationalLabourOfficefortheirunfailingsupport.

Lastly,wewishtothankDrYvesEkouéAmaïzo,internationalconsultant,andalloftherepresentativeswhowishedtocontributetothediscussion-whetherorallyorinwriting-andwhohelpedtoensureahighlevelofdisseminationofinformationonthistopic.



COUNTRY SURNAME FIRST NAME ORGANISATIONEMPLOYERS’ ORGANISATIONS IN AFRICAALGERIA MEGATELI EL MAHFOUDH CONFÉDÉRATION GÉNÉRALE DES

ENTREPRISES ALGÉRIENNES (CGEA) [General ConfederationofAlgerianCompanies]

BURKINA FASO YAMEOGOTOU PHILOMENE SIDONIE CONSEIL NATIONAL DU PATRONAT BURKINABÉ (CNPB) [National Council of BurkinabéEmployers]

CAMEROON HIAG PROSPER GROUPEMENT INTER-PATRONAL DU CAMEROUN (GICAM) [Associations of CameroonianEmployers]

DEMOCRATIC REPUB-LIC OF CONGO

UTSHUDI LUTULA ETIENNE FÉDÉRATION DES ENTREPRISES DU CONGO (FEC)[FederationofCongoBusinesses]

REPUBLIC OF CONGO SAMBA JEAN-JACQUES UNION PATRONALE ET INTERPROFESSIONNELLE DU CONGO (UNICONGO) [Employer and Professional UnionoftheCongo]

CHAD ALI ABBAS SEITCHI CONSEIL NATIONAL DU PATRONAT TCHADIEN (CNPT) [National Council of ChadianEmployers]

CÔTE D'IVOIRE DIALLO OUSSEINE FÉDÉRATION DES ORGANISATIONS PATRONALESDEL'AFRIQUEDEL'OUEST(FOPAO) [Federation of Employers' OrganisationsofWestAfrica]

DJIBOUTI DOUALE SAHAL AHMED CONFÉDÉRATION NATIONALE DES EMPLOYEURSDEDJIBOUTI(CNED)[NationalConfederationofDjiboutiEmployers]

GABON AWASSIATSIMADJA FELICITÉ CONFÉDÉRATION PATRONALE GABONAISE (CPG)[GaboneseEmployers'Confederation]

GHANA ANIA AKATURE GHANA EMPLOYERS' FEDERATION (GEF)

KENYA OTIATO FELIX FEDERATION OF KENYA EMPLOYERS (FKE)

MALAWI MUNTHALI BEYANI EMPLOYERS CONSULTATIVE ASSOCIATION OF MALAWI (ECAM)

MALI TOLO MODIBO CONSEIL NATIONAL DU PATRONAT DU MALI (CNPM) [National Council of Employers of Mali]

MAURITANIA ABDALLAHI SEYID UNION NATIONALE DU PATRONAT MAURITANIEN (UNPM) [National Union of MauritanianEmployers]

MOROCCO BELAHRACH JAMAL CONFÉDÉRATION GÉNÉRALE DES EMPLOYEURS DU MAROC (CGEM) [General ConfederationofEmployersofMorocco]

MOROCCO MESKI YASSIR CONFÉDÉRATION GÉNÉRALE DES ENTREPRISES DU MAROC (CGEM) [National ConfederationofMoroccanenterprises]

NAMIBIA VEICO HELENA NAMIBIAN EMPLOYERS FEDERATION (NEF)

SENEGAL DIOP PAPAMOHAMADOU MBARECK

CONSEIL NATIONAL DU PATRONAT DU SÉNÉGAL (CNPS) [National Council of EmployersofSenegal]

ANNEX 2: LIST OF PARTICIPANTS - IN ALPHABETICAL ORDER BY COUNTRY, REGION AND ORGANISATION


SENEGAL FALL MOUHAMADOU LAMINE

CONFÉDÉRATION NATIONALE DES TRAVAILLEURS DU SÉNÉGAL (CNTS) [National Confederation of Workers of Senegal]

TANZANIA SOLO KABEHO ASSOCIATION OF TANZANIAN EMPLOYERS (ATE)

TOGO ADADE FRANÇOIS EKOUÉ CONSEIL NATIONAL DU PATRONAT DU TOGO (CNPT) [National Council of EmployersofTogo]

TUNISIA SILINI SAMI UNION TUNISIENNE DE L'INDUSTRIE, DU COMMERCE ET DE L'ARTISANAT (UTICA) [Tunisian Union of Industry, Commerce and Crafts]

TUNISIA GASMI MOHAMED UNION DES TRAVAILLEURS DE TUNISIE (UTT) [TunisianWorkers'Union]

UGANDA SSERWANGA ALEX FEDERATION OF UGANDA EMPLOYERS (FUE)

ZAMBIA CHISAMBO TYSON BRUNO ZAMBIA FEDERATION OF EMPLOYERS (ZFE)

ZIMBABWE KAHWEMA JOSEPHAT EMPLOYERS CONFEDERATON OF ZIMBABWE (EMCOZ)

TRADE UNION ORGANISATIONSITUC-BRUXELLESBELGIUM

DIALLO MAMADOU CONFÉDÉRATION SYNDICALE INTERNATIONALE (CSI) [International Trade UnionConfederation]

MOROCCO ALAOUI MOHAMMED UNION MAROCAINE DU TRAVAIL [Moroccan Workers'Union]

MOROCCO HOUIR ALAMI, KHALID CONFÉDÉRATIONDÉMOCRATIQUEDUTRAVAIL[DemocraticLabourConfederation]

AFRICAN REGIONITUC AFRICA-GHANA

BOATENG RHODA BUOR AFRICAN REGIONAL ORGANISATION OF THE INTERNATIONAL TRADE UNION CONFEDERATION (ITUC-AFRICA)

AFRICAN REGION- OUSA-GHANA

ABRAR IBRAHIM IBRAHIM ORGANISATION OF AFRICAN TRADE UNION UNITY

INTERNATIONAL LABOUR ORGANISATION/ INTERNATIONAL LABOUR OFFICEILO CHUMA AENEAS ILO REGIONAL DIRECTOR (AFRICA)

ILO TONSTOL GEIR INTERNATIONAL LABOUR OFFICE (ILO)

ILO SANZOUANGO FRANCIS INTERNATIONAL LABOUR OFFICE (ILO-ACT/EMP)

ILO MOHAMMAD AFSAR SYED INTERNATIONAL LABOUR OFFICE (ILO - AIDS)

INTERNATIONAL ORGANISATION OF EMPLOYERSIOE MUIA FREDERICK INTERNATIONAL ORGANISATION OF

EMPLOYERS (IOE)

IOE AWUKU ANETHA INTERNATIONAL ORGANSIATION OF EMPLOYERS (IOE)

IOE MEDROA BRUNO INTERNATIONAL ORGANISATION OF EMPLOYERS (IOE)

INTERNATIONAL CONSULTANTCONSULTANT (IOE/ILO)

AMAÏZO YVES EKOUÉ INTERNATIONAL CONSULTANT

©IOE2015|71Av.Louis-Casaï|1216Cointrin/GenevaT:+41229290000|[email protected]|www.ioe-emp.org

The IOE is the largest network of the private sector in the world. With more than 150 members, it is the global voice of business for labour and social policy matters at the international level.

The ILO became the fi rst specialised agency of the UN in 1946. With its unique tripartite structure, the ILO aims to give an equal voice to workers, employers and governments and promote rights at work, encourage decent employment opportunities, enhance social protection and strengthen dialogue on work-related issues

Business Africa seeks to build partnerships with other regional business federations, represent African business in a more coordinated way, enhance Africa’s business voice in continental and international bodies and strengthen regional integration.

International Labour Organization

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IOE blueprint for jobs in Africa v 07ioe-emp.org/fileadmin/ioe_documents/publications/Working...2016/04/15 · young people aged between 15 and 24. Unfortunately, these young people