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ASOCIACIN UNIVERSIDAD PRIVADA SAN JUAN BAUTISTAFACULTAD PROFESIONAL DE ESTOMATOLOGIA

INVESTIGACIN FORMATIVA

TITULO

Profiles of famous eole

INTEGRANTES

A!"ulo Ure#a $al#erA!#o!io Pra%i!e## &omiraAs'e!'io Cal%ero! Sele!eBri'e(o Vas)ue* Ma+ra,er!a!%e* C-a'al#a!a Flor %el Rosario

,ua''-ara)ue Ma!rri)ue Ne+s-aMa##a Me!%o*a Sa'-ar+Me!%o*a Mall)ui Jor"ePario!a Na.arre#e Nil%aTi#o Ramire* Julio E%uar%o

Curso / I!"les IDo'e!#e/ Maria Luisa Flores Cierra Al#a

Es#oma#olo"ia IV CICLO

0123


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De%i'a#oria

This work is dedicated to our dear parents, for giving us their unconditional supportevery day and teachers by educating ourselves with effort and enthusiasm to

achieve our goals and objectives, and thank you for your dedication .


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I!#ro%u'#io!

We considered it appropriate to investigate the biography of famouspeople to expand our knowledge and our English vocabulary.


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BIOGRAP,& ELVIS PRESLE&/

Elvis Aaron resley !"anuary #, $%&' (

August $), $%**+ was an American singer,

musician and actor. Elvis resley became

one of the most influential cultural icons of a

generation.e is commonly referred to as

the -The ing of /ock 0n1 /oll2 and

epitomises the post3war pop generation.

Elvis was born in Tupelo, 4ississippi. When

he was $&, his family moved to 4emphis,

Tennessee, with his family at the age of $&.

Elvis was relatively shy and as a

youngster was not keen on

performing in public. owever, he

received a guitar as a present and

learnt to play and sing, not through

musical training, but just through

hearing and picking up music. As a

teenager, he became moreinterested in music, listening to a

huge range of contemporary

American music. e also started to

sport a distinctive look with

sideburns and styled hair. This would

later become a real Elvis trademark.

5n $%'&, he went to 6un recording

studio ( to record a song for his

mother, but also perhaps to hope tobeing noticed. owever, it didn1t

come to anything, he was also turned down

for an audition to other groups. 5n April $%'7,

he took a job as a truck driver.
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owever, later on in the year, 6un boss, 6am hillips invited Elvis to come in for a

recording studio. 5nitially the recording session was unpromising, but towards the

end as they were getting close to finish, Elvis started up his own number, and

hillips was immediately impressed by the verve, enthusaism and dynamism of the

music. hillips reckoned he was onto a winner. e felt Elvis had the sound of

negro.

Elvis recorded hte $%7) blues number, Arthur 8rudup1s -That1s All /ight2 and it was

well received on local radio stations.

This lauchned resley onto a lucrative pop music career. is performances were a

fusion of country, gospel, pop and

rhythmn and blues ( it combined both

0black1 and 0white1 sounds, with an

uninhibited stage routine which often

proved controversial. owever, if it was

controversial, it was also wildly popular

with young listeners, and with his

uni9ue gravelly voice, Elvis was on his

way to becoming a great star. is

catapult to stardom was helped by

rivalry between T: presenters, such as

6teve Allen and Ed 6ullivan. Elvis

proved a star attraction and thecompetition between presenters made

Elvis a national celebrity. 5t also helped

bring rock 0n1 roll into popular ;

mainstream culture.
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After a stint in the army !$%'#3)


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William 6hakespeare was born in 6tratford3upon3Avon a small English town

located about &' miles south of irmingham3 the April =&, $')7, where he died the

same day of $)$) 5t was the third of eight children born to "ohn 6hakespeare a

prosperous merchant who went on to achieve a prominent position in the

municipality and 4ary Arden descended from a family of ancestry.

e was born when his family lived in enley

6treet 6tratford is not known the exact day since

then only the act of baptism was made on April

=) in this case so presumably would be born a

few days before and no more than one week as

was the current tradition has been setting as the

date of his birth on April =& feast of 6t. >eorge ,

perhaps by analogy with the day of his death

another April =& in $)$) but this dating is not

supported by any documents.

e was married to Anne athaway, a few years

older with whom he had three daughters and a

son. e had no grandchildren.

A twenties he moved to @ondon, where his career as an actor and playwright

began. Then he would become even entrepreneur theater, as co3owner of the

company initially known as @ord 8hamberlain Bs 4en, who would become the most

prestigious of the time, to the point of getting the patronage of ing and be

renamed The ing Bs 4en.

The characteristic style of William Shakespeare

Although there is virtually an entire literary theory about the drama and poetry of

William 6hakespeare , if we were to summariCe its main features it should be

stressed , first , an impressive power of synthesis , coupled with an ex9uisite use ,

extensive and time necessary language , which often makes it difficult to

understand, even for English speakers .

6econd, the absence of a value judgment by the author to the behaviors and

attitudes of the characters , which is unusual in the works of his time

The work of William Shakespeare


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William 6hakespeare wrote numerous plays and poems. 4ost of the first !&) in

total+ were published several years after his death in a compendium known as the

Dirst Dolio, which divides them into dramas, comedies and historical plays. Among

them are

Hamlet about the tribulations of this young prince of Fenmark following the murder

of his father by his uncle. 5s famous the phrase Gto be or not to be, 5 conundrum,G

Act 555, 6cene $. /ead our full review of amlet.

Romeo and Juliet: about the love of two teenagers pertenencientes two rival

families of >erona /enaissance, the 4ontagues and the 8apuleto.@ee our full

review of /omeo and "uliet.

Othello: the 4oor drama of a soldier in the service of :enice, who succumbs to

jealousy and kills his wife, incited by the cruel 5ago. /ead our full review of Hthello,the 4oor of :enice.

Macbeth:whose ambition to become ing of 6cotland leads to unhappiness and

death. /ead our full review of 4acbeth.

A Midsummer Night's Dream: comedy involving both human and mythological

characters, and revolves around the wedding of Theseus and ippolyta.

Richard III:one of # historical works on English kings. 5t is famous the phrase Ga

horse

Clori!%a Ma##o %e Tur!er Dlor ernIndeC 8.


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eruvian writer, born in 8uCco on 6eptember $$, $#'= and died in uenos Aires on

Hctober =', $%rimanesa Jsandivaras 4atto >arate, who gave it the name of >rimanesa

4artina, who later it is changed to 8lorinda. Furing his childhood he alternated

stays in the city of 8uCco and the family estate of

aullo38hico, located in the province of 8alca. e

studied at the 8olegio ?uestra 6eKora de las

4ercedes 8uCco, where it appears registered as a

scholarship student, until the age of sixteen, when he

left school to devote himself to the work from home

!$#)#+.

5n $#*$, after marrying the English merchant "oseph

Turner, 8lorinda 4atto he moved to the town of Tinta

where literary career that began a few years earlier

continued writing poems and articles were publishedunder various pseudonyms in regional publications

such as El eraldo, El Derrocarril , El /odadero, El Eco de los Andes and El

4ercurio. 5n April $#*) the writer founded the magaCine El /ecreo and, the

following year, first visited the eruvian capital, where he had the opportunity to

participate in literary meetings organiCed by the Argentina writer "uana 4anuela

>orriti !=#3553$#**+ , evenings then continue the 8lorinda own. y then she

collaborated with major literary publications in the country by signing articles with

your name or the pseudonym G8arlota FimontG.

Furing the war with 8hile !$#*%3$##&+, 8lorinda 4atto de Turner lived in ink and,after the death of her husband, 4arch &, $##$, had to administer marital property.

5n late $##&, he moved to Are9uipa to assume the leadership of editor of the

newspaper @a olsa, one of the most important in the city. 5n April $##) he settled

in @ima, city where it was built 9uickly to major cultural institutions of the eruvian

capital, as the @iterary 8ircle and the Ateneo de @ima. 5n $### the @atin American

Jnion of 4adrid agreed to appoint her an honorary member.

5n Hctober $##% 8lorinda 4atto de Turner became director of the weekly El eru

5lustrado, the most important literary journal in the country at that time, where he

suffered a major setback a few months after arriving. The occasion was thepublication of the story 4agdala raCilian writer enri9ue 8oelho ?etto !=&3:5553

$#%


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without nest, which denouncing the corruption of the clergy it was made. Dinally,

after being excommunicated, the "uly $$, $#%$ 4atto resigned to ecclesiastical

censure against the weekly get up.

Fetermined to become independent after its bumpy passage through El eru

5lustrado, in Debruary $#%= founded with his brothers his own printing, e9uitable,

publishing the bi3weekly newspaper @os Andes !lasted only one year+ from which

8lorinda 4atto de Turner defended the government >eneral Andres A. 8aceres,

with whose party openly sympathiCed. Hn 4arch $*, $#%' rebels under the

command of ?icolas de ierola troops entered the eruvian capital and locked

combat with government forces. The rebels ransacked the house 4atto shared

with his brother Favid and seiCed him, but he could flee to a friendBs house. y

then resident 8aceres had been defeated and printing The E9uitable had been

ransacked and crippled their machines. 6o, in $#%', 8lorinda 4atto chose toembark to :alparaiso, where happened to "ames, then to 4endoCa and finally to

uenos Aires, where he took up residence.

Hn Fecember $7, $#%' 4atto gave a public lecture at the uenos Aires Ateneo

under the suggestive title GWorkers of thought in 6outh AmericaG and in Debruary

the following year, he founded the magaCine Lcaro American, converted from

"anuary $#%* the official organ of the protectionist 5ntellectual 6ociety, and would

publish until shortly before his death. e was incorporated in $#%) as a professor

of Analogy in the ?ormal 6chool of rofessors of the Dederal 8apital, and also

made teaching at the ?ormal 6chool and usiness 6chool American Women.

4atto collaborated in various publications such as @a rensa, @a ?acion, @a /aCMn

and El Tiempo de uenos Aires, the ?ational

4agaCine of @iterature and 6ocial 6ciences of

4ontevideo, The 8ripple of 8aracas and @as Tres

Americas ?ew Nork, and was even elected to the

?ational 8ouncil of Women of Argentina. 5n 4ay

$%ermany and 6pain, where he gave

lectures at the Ateneo de 4adrid and the 5bero3

American Jnion. At yearBs end 8lorinda 4atto de

Turner returned to uenos Aires to resume its

activities, which did not last even a year, since she

fell ill, and the following year died of pulmonary


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congestion. Nears later, a legislative resolution peruanodispuso the repatriation of

the remains of the writer 8ongress.

$or5s of Clori!%a Ma##o %e Tur!er

is first publications are made in the traditional genre, /icardo alma had become

popular throughout @atin America. The first book of 8lorinda 4atto de Turner was

cuC9ueKas traditions, legends, biographies and loose leaves !Are9uipa, $##7+,

published with a foreword by alma in which calls his Gbest discipleG. 5n the same

vein, he followed then cuC9ueKas Traditions, chronicles, loose leaves. 5 took

second !@ima, $##)+, with a foreword by "ose Antonio de @avalle. eruvian

historian oracio :illanueva Jrteaga has shown that most of these traditions are

based on the Annals of 8uCco Fiego Es9uivel and ?avia, then unpublished.

est of the work of 8lorinda 4atto de Turner is his novelistic production, especially

Aves sin nido !$##%+, published simultaneously in @ima and uenos Aires and

translated into English in $%


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mention the texts prepared for teaching, among which are elements of literature

under the rules of public instruction for use of the fair sex !Are9uipa, $##7+ and

Analogy. 6econd year of 6panish grammar in normal schools according to the

official program !uenos Aires, $#%*+, which versions are added in Puechua

prepared on behalf of the American ible 6ociety in the >ospels of 6t. "ohn and

6t. @uke, Acts of the Apostles and the @etter of 6t. aul to the /omans.

PABLO NERUDA

4ayra riceKo :.


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!seudonym of ?eftali /icardo /eyes asoaltoO arral, 8hile, $%


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BIOGRAP,&

orn "uly $=, $%abriela

4istral. 5t started very early to write poetry, and in

$%=$ published The song of the party, his first

poem, under the pseudonym of ablo ?eruda !in

homage to 8Cech "an ?eruda poet+, a name that

remained thereafter and that would legaliCe in

$%7).

Temuco also began work on a newspaper, until at sixteen he moved to 6antiago to

study Drench teacher. There he joined the magaCine as editor 8larity, which

appeared his poems. After publishing some books of poetry, in $%=7 he achieved

international fame with Twenty @ove oems and a 6ong of Fespair, work together

with Tentative infinite man, distinguishes the first stage of his poetry, marked by thetransition from modernism to avant3garde forms influenced by :icente uidobro

creationism.

Economic problems led to ablo ?eruda to undertake, in $%=), the consular career

that took him to reside in urma, 8eylon, "ava, 6ingapore and, between $%&7 and

$% in 6pain, which was related to Dederico >arcia @orca, :icente Aleixandre,

>erardo Fiego and other components of the >eneration of =* and founded the

magaCine >reen orse for oetry. 6ince its first manifesto took party by a Gpoetrywithout purityG and close to the immediate reality, in line with its social awareness.

5n this sense, ?eruda /epublicans supported the outbreak of civil war and wrote

6pain in the eart !$%&*+.


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reviously, however, his poems had experienced a transition to tight forms and a

more somber to reflect the passage of time, chaos and death in the daily reality

tone, dominant in another of his essential books, /esidence subjects on earth ,

published in two parts in $%&& and $%&' and is the axis of the second stage. most

original and daring images of surrealist roots in this work express a deeply human

desolate, lost in a chaotic and incomprehensible world view.

ack in 8hile, in $%&% ?eruda joined the 8ommunist arty and his work

experienced a shift toward political activism. This third stage, which had its prelude

in 6pain in the eart !$%&*+, culminating with the exaltation of American myths of

8anto general !$%'


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had toppled 6alvador Allende. osthumously published autobiography is confess

that 5 have lived

MORE IMPORTANT $OR6S

8repusculario !$%=&+. 5t was his first book, published with their money and

with the collaboration of friends. Twenty @ove oems and a 6ong of Fespair !$%=7+ has been the best3selling

!has surpassed one million copies+, and this work led him to stand out from

one of the best poets of @atin America. /esidence on Earth !$%&&+, stands out among the many works, contains

poems impregnated tragic despair at the sight of manBs existence in a world

that is destroyed.

8anto >eneral !$%'


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POEM 01

5 can write the saddest verses tonight.

Write, for example GThe night is starry

and shiver, blue stars, far away G.

The night wind revolves in the sky and sings.


5 loved her, and sometimes she loved me too.

Hn nights like this 5 held my arms.

5 kissed her so many times under the infinite sky.

6he loved me, sometimes 5 also loved her.

ow not to have loved her great still eyes.


To think that 5 do not have her. Deeling 5Bve lost her.

ear the inmense night, even more without her.

And the verse falls to the soul like dew on the grass.

Foes it matter that my love could not keep it.

The night is full of stars and she is not with me.

That is all. 5n the distance someone sings. 5n the distance.

4y soul is not content with having lost it.

As though to reach my eyes search.

4y heart looks for her, and she is not with me.

The same night that whitens the same trees.

We, the ones then, are not the same.

5 no longer love her, true, but how 5 loved her.


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4y voice searched the wind to touch her ear.

Hf other. 5t will be another. As before my kisses.

er voice, her bright body. er infinite eyes.

5 no longer love her, true, but maybe 5 love her.

@ove is so short, and forgetting is so long.

ecause on nights like this 5 held my

arms,

4y soul is not content with having lost it.

Though this be the last pain she causes me,

and these the last verses that 5 write.

Jos7 Mario Pe%ro Var"as Llosa

iography

4ario :argas @losa was born into a middle

class family in the city of Are9uipa in southerneru in $%&). e was the only child of

Ernesto :argas 4aldonado and Fora @losa

Jreta , who months separated before his birth

to then divorce thereof, mutual acuerdo.oco

after 4ario was born, his father revealed that

he had a relationship with a >erman woman

and as a result of this union , two half

brothers born under the writer Enri9ue and

Ernesto :argas ! the first died of leukemia at

age eleven O the second is a lawyer and J6citiCen+

4ario lived with his maternal family in Are9uipa until a year after the divorce of their

parents , when his grandfather edro ". ustamante @losa moved with his family to

olivia , where he had won a contract to manage a cotton plantation near

8ochabamba .5n that city spent the first years of his childhood with his mother and

"orge 4endoCa 4.


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maternal family, and the fourth degree course at 8olegio @a 6alle. Jntil ten years ,

he was made to believe that his father had died , and his mother and his family did

not want to explain that they had separated .

At the beginning of the government of resident "ose @uis ustamante y /ivero in

$%7' , his grandfather, who was a cousin of the president , won the post of prefectof the department of iura , so the whole family returned to eru . 4ario Bs uncles

settled in @ima , while 4ario and his mother followed the grandfather to the city of

iura. There 4ario continued his studies at the 6alesian 8ollege rimary Fon

osco , in fifth grade . 5t was there that he befriended one of his companions ,

"avier 6ilva /uete , who later would finance minister

5n late $%7) or early $%7*, when he was ten years old , 4ario met his father for the

first time in iura.6us parents reestablished their relationship and moved to @ima ,

settling in 4agdalena del 4ar , a district of class media.@uego moved to @a erla,in 8allao , where they lived in a small house isolated . 4ario weekends used to

visit his uncles and cousins who lived in the neighborhood of Fiego DerrQ , in the

district of 4iraflores , where he made many friends and where he had his first

crushe

5n @ima he studied at the 8olegio @a 6alle ,

the rothers congregation of the 8hristian

6chools , attending the sixth grade in $%7*

, and the first two years of high school from

$%7# to $%7%. The relationship with hisfather , always circuitous , mark the rest of

his life . Dor years , he kept to his mixed

feelings , such as fear and resentment ,

because he endured violent outbursts from

his father during his childhood , and a

resentment towards @losa family and great

jealousy towards his mother O but above all

, because of the repulsion of his father to

his literary vocation , that never understood

At age $7 , his father sent him to the @eoncio rado 4ilitary Academy in 8allao , a

boarding school where he attended the &rd and 7th year of secondary education

between $%'< and $%'$. There he endured a fierce military discipline , and ,

according to his testimony it was the time when he read and wrote G as he had

never done beforeG , thus consolidating its early vocation as a writer . is favorite


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readings were the novels of Drench writers Alexandre Fumas and :ictor ugo .

Among his professors figured the surrealist poet 8Qsar 4oro , who for a time gave

Drench lessons

Furing the summer holidays of $%'= , :argas @losa began working as a journalistin the @ima newspaper @a 8rMnica where they were entrusted reports , notes and

local interviews. That same year he retired from the military college and moved to

iura , where he lived with his uncle @uis @losa ! GJncle @uchoG + and completed

the last year of secondary education at the 8olegio 6an 4iguel de

iura.6imultIneamente worked for the local newspaper , industry, and witnessed

the theatrical performance of his first dramaturgical work, the flight of the 5nca, in

the theater G :ariety

5n $%'& , during the government of 4anuel A. Hdria , :argas @losa entered the?ational Jniversity of 6an 4arcos, where he studied law and university policy

@iteratura.articipM in through 8ahuide , name that kept alive the 8ommunist arty

eruvian , then pursued by the government , against which opposed through the

university bodies and fleeting protests in places . 6hortly thereafter, he distanced

himself from the group and enrolled in the 8hristian Femocratic arty Qctor

8ornejo 8hIveC , hoping that this group launched the candidacy of "osQ @uis

ustamante y /ivero , who , at that time , returned from exile. This expectation was

not fulfilled. Furing this time , he worked as assistant to the renowned 6an 4arcos

historian /aLl orras arrenechea in a work that never materialiCed several

volumes of a monumental history of the con9uest of eru.

n $%'' , at the age of $%, he married "ulia Jr9uidi , the sister of his aunt on his

motherBs side , who was $< years mayor. ecause of the rejection that this act

caused in his family, they were forced to separate for a time being newlyweds. 5n

order to maintain a common life , the young 4ario , helped by orras arrenechea,

he got up to seven simultaneous jobs as an assistant librarian at the ?ational

8lub , writing for several news media and even cataloging names headstones

resbRtero 4aestro @ima O finally he began working as a journalist for /adio

anamericana , substantially increasing their income

y then, :argas @losa seriously began his literary career with the publication of his

first stories >randpa !in the newspaper El 8omercio, Fecember %, $%')+ and

8hiefs !in the journal 4ercurio eruano, Debruary $%'*+. 5n late $%'* he presented

a short story contest organiCed by @a /evue DranSaise, a leading Drench

publication dedicated to art. is story entitled The 8hallenge won the first priCe,

which consisted of fifteen days visiting aris, to where he left in "anuary $%'#. is


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stay in the Drench capital was extended for a month before returning to @ima. That

same year he graduated from high school in umanities at the ?ational Jniversity

of 6an 4arcos, a merit of his thesis on the basis for an interpretation of /uben

Fario. 5t was also considered the most distinguished student of @iterature 6an

4arcos, for which he received the scholarship "avier rado to follow postgraduate

courses at the 8omplutense Jniversity of 4adrid in 6pain. efore leaving for

Europe, he made a short trip through the eruvian AmaCon, an experience that

later would serve to acclimate three of his novels 3The green house, antoja and

the and the talker in that geographical area.

5n $%)


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Dootball fan , :argas @losa is an expert in statistics and sport during the World 8up

6pain $%#= worked as a sports journalist.

5n $%#& his former wife "ulia Jr9uidi published his titled What :arguitas said in

response to the novel Aunt "ulia and the 6criptwriter , based on the relationship

between the two reports , which were reprinted in =


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"ennifer spent most of his time in 8atholic schools, finishing at reston igh

6chool. At school she did gymnastics and was a member of the football team of the

school, excelling athletically, being able to compete in national championships. 5n

$%#7, at the age of $' she started dating Favid 8ruC, her first boyfriend. While

attending his last year in high school, "ennifer learned that there was a casting for

a movie that several teens looking for small roles, he passed the audition and

landed a role in 4y @ittle >irl. 5n $%#) a low3budget film co3written and directed by

8onnie aiserman. There played the role of 4yra, a young woman in a center for

troubled youth that did not even have dialogues and appeared only in a small

cameo. After finishing the filming of the movie realiCed he wanted to become a

Gfamous movie star.G

To please his parents, "ennifer enrolled at aruch 8ollege, but to leave after only

one semester. 5t was when he told his parents that his dream was to become a

movie star, but they insisted it was a stupid idea and that @atinos were unable

nothing in ollywood. The differences of opinion between her and her parentsmade "ennifer became independent and moved to 4anhattan to study singing,

dancing and acting. Furing this period he participated in numerous local

productions, in such musicals as "esus 8hrist 6uperstar and Hklahoma. Drom

there, she was hired for the chorus in a roadway musical and toured Europe for

five months. After leaving the choir because she was unhappy with his role, as it

was the only member who did not have a solo song, he got a job in the

6ynchronicityen "apan series, where he performed as a dancer, singer and

choreographer.

2992:2993/ I! Li.i!" Color a!% a'#i!" 'areer

"ennifer @opeC was selected as a backup dancer for the ?ew ids on the lock in

$%%$ and performed with them during his performance at the American 4usic

Awards. 6hortly after he got his first job as a character recogniCed as a dancer in

the T: show 5n @iving 8olor, he passed the audition for a supporting role and wasshortlisted among two thousand applicants, although he won the second placeO

finally he got the role when the initial selected did not accept the job. e moved to

@os Angeles to film the series and remained a regular cast member until $%%&

when he decided to pursue a career as an actress. efore leaving the show,

"ennifer worked briefly as a dancer of the American artist "anet "ackson,


24/5234

participating in the world tour of the singer in late $%%&, until he decided to make

his own career.

@opeC got his first job as an actress in a leading role in the $%%& drama film ?urses

on the @ine The 8rash of Dlight *lanCada on F:F as @ost in the Wild, film co3

starred with @indsay Wagner and /obert @oggia. @ater in the same year, @opeCsigned a deal with 86 to co3star in the T: series 6econd 8hancesO however, the

series was canceled after only six episodes broadcast by the low ratingsO the series

had a spinoff, titled otel 4alibu, which was released that same year. ut like

6econd 8hances, he received bad reviews and was canceled. @opeC got her first

movie role in >regory ?avaBs 4y Damily in $%%' playing 4ary, a young 4exican

immigrant, for which she received an 5ndependent 6pirit @opeC Awardcomo best

supporting actress award.

5n ?ovember of that same year, @opeC starred in 4oney Train with Wesley 6nipes

and Woody arrelson as ?ew Nork cops. The film received negative reviews andwas considered a failure at the box officeO with a budget of )# million, the film

grossed a total of ** million worldwide. 5n August $%%), "ennifer had a supporting

role in the comedy "ack, with a budget of 7' million grossed a total of '% million in

the J6O This film also received negative reviews.

299;:0111/ Sele!a a!% O! #-e 3

5n Debruary $%%*, @opeC starred alongside "ack ?icholson and 6tephen Forff

thriller lood and Wine. 5t was a commercial failureO the production budget was V

=) million and grossed only one million at the box officeO the film received positive

reviews from critics. 5n 4arch of that year, "ennifer played the @atino singer 6elena

in the biopic of the same name, 6elena. With a production budget of =< million, the

film grossed a total of )' million in state Jnidos.=%"ennifer became the first @atina

actress to win a million dollars per film in ollywood. enneth Turan of the @os

Angeles Times said the film was one of those unforgettable tapes and the film is

not only a celebration of the life of 6elena, but also of the actress who played her

because he saw a future star. @opeC was nominated for a >olden >lobe Award forest Actress for this film.

5n April, she starred in the horror film Anaconda alongside 5ce 8ube and "on

:oight, @opeC was already a star listed enollywood. With a budget of 7' million

dollars, the film Anaconda raised a total of V $&* million worldwide, becoming a


25/5234

great commercial success. 5n Hctober of that same year she starred alongside

6ean enn and illy ob Thornton J Turn movie directed by Hliver 6tone. The

film, based on the novel 6tray dogs of "ohn /idley, received positive reviews by

"ennifer acting performance.

5n "une, he starred with >eorge 8looney Hut of 6ight, 6teven 6oderbergh film, anadaptation of the novel by Elmore @eonard, $%%). "ennifer took five million dollars

for his work on this film, which is considered by critics as one of his best

performances. 5n Hctober $%%*, @opeC lent his voice to the animated film AntC.

With a production budget of V $


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Furing their second album, @opeC decided to change its image and displayed as a

sex symbol. Hn "anuary =& de=


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With /alph Diennes stars in cinemas romantic comedy 4aid in 4anhattan, which

became the number one J6 box office with more than $# million, to finally raise

only J6 V %7 million. 6umming international revenue figure rises to $'7 millones.7=

5n August =


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=


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X, which are Jntil 5t eats ?o 4ore and 6tarting over. "ennifer comes in several

programs like @etterman, "ay @eno and Ellen to discuss the release of the film. Hn

April =&, The ack3Jp lan opens successfullyO and starts a European tour to

support the release of the film.

At that time, 6ony and singer break their relationship, according to rumors, the

company did not share the music alternations of "ennifer !between English and

6panish language, including @atin dance beats and ballads+. 6ony might have

thought that @opeC had become blurred or lost their commercial profile because

with so many changes, and with the passage of age, was not so easy to label as

before. ut the singer would surprise most successful. Hn 4ay $#, "ennifer is

presented at the World 4usic Awards, where he received an award for his

contribution to music in these $< years of singing careerO and also plays a live

medley with all its successes. Hn Hctober $%, =


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is single GHn the DloorG !based on the popular G@ambadaG of the nineties+ was

released on "anuary $#, =


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012oddess. 5t also works on the

development of &F movie Fance Again. 5n mid3=


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be shocking scenes that surprise the audience, the film grossed over 7' million

dollars worldwide.

Hn "anuary ), =


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he married for the first time with 8uban Hjani ?oa. @opeC suffered legal problems

during the marriage, coming to file a lawsuit regarding ?oa. The couple divorced in

"anuary $%%#. 5n April =


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Mi'-ael Jose- Ja'5so!

4ichael "oseph "ackson !he was born in >ary, 5ndiana, on August =%, $%'#3@os

Angeles, and died in 8alifornia on "une =', =


35/5234

ook 5 !$%%'+, are among the best3selling albums of all time, but it was published in

=


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6achary 4atta 4.A@E/T E5?6TE5?


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e was born on 4arch $7, $#*% in the >erman city of Jlm, a hundred kilometers

east of 6tuttgart, in a "ewish family. is parents were ermann Einstein and

auline och. >erman physicist and mathematician, naturaliCed 6wiss and

American afternoon. 5t was one of the most controversial geniuses of all time,

which revolutioniCed our perception of the universe. Extravagant and distracted,

but also simple man, deeply interested in world affairs and had faith in the

greatness of the human being.

is infinite understanding insatiable thirst for knowledge and desire led him to

make the most important discoveries that would revolutioniCe science, philosophy

and the world of physics.

ermann and auline were married in $#*), when ermann was nearly =% years

old and she $# years.

Einstein had a difficult childhood, but his father and uncle "akob Einstein, who had

moved with the family to 4unich and established in that city as traders in the

electrotechnical innovations of the time, encouraged him since childhood tobecome interested in math and science. 6till as a child and during his stay in

4unich, he studied primary education in the 8atholic school where their average

ratings were not very high.

5ntroverted and self3absorbed, slow intellectual development, was not easy to

make friends due to its shy and timid character, although some biographers say

they also suffered from dyslexia, which was seen by teachers as a difficult student

and not given to join your group. is childhood friend was a violin and also liked to

compose melodies on the piano from his mother.

5n $#%7, due to economic difficulties, his father moved to avia, 5taly, near the city

of 4ilan. 4eanwhile Albert remained in >ermany to finish high school, which ended

with mediocre grades, except in mathematics. The following year he met his

parents.

@ater the family sent him to study in 6witCerland, receiving in $#%) the diploma

graduate of the Dederal olytechnic Jniversity in

the city of Uurich, where he was student of the

mathematician ermann 4inkowski, who later

generaliCed the four3dimensional formalism

introduced by the theories of his old student.

5n $%


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try to perform as a teacher, the way it was difficult, because their teaching methods

were regarded as heterodox, which made him lose three jobs.

Hn "une =&, $%


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never come to utter, and began GToday 5 speak to you not as an American citiCen,

nor as a "ew, but as being humanG.

Einstein did not want to have a glittering funeral, attended by dignitaries from

around the world. According to his wish, his body was cremated on the same

evening, before most of the world learned the news. 5n the crematorium there were

only $= people, including his eldest son was. is ashes were scattered on the

Felaware /iver to the place of his remains did not become the subject of morbid

veneration. ut there was one part of his body not burned.

OUTSTANDING A$ARDS3?obel riCe in hysics !$%=$+

38opley 4edal !$%='+

34ax lanck 4edal !$%=%+

CLASSIUS CLA&: MU,AMMAD ALI

e was born on "anuary $*, $%7= in @ouisville ,entucky.

8assius 4arcellus 8lay son and Hdessa HB>rady . e

had a sister and four brothers .

is father painted billboards and signs, his mother was

a housewife. Although his father was a 4ethodist , he

accepted that his wife , 8assius and his younger

brother , /udolph , were aptists. is paternal

grandparents were "ohn 8lay and 6allie Anne O hersister Eva declared that 6allie was a native of

4adagascar and although dominated by its African3

American descent , also has 5rish , English and 5talian

descent.

e started boxing thanks to a @ouisville police officer O fellow coach "oe E. 4artin ,

who knew him when he was angry because a thief stole his bike. 8assius told him

Nomira Antonio .


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he was going to fight with the thief . The officer recommended that before you learn

to box. After winning a street fight was convinced that it was the greatest boxer

who was born in the world.

Furing four years of amateur career he was

trained by 8huck odak . 8lay won six entucky

>olden >loves titles , two national >olden

>loves titles , one ?ational Amateur Athletic

Jnion title and Amateur gold medal at the

Hlympic >ames $%)< in /ome. is amateur

record was $


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Dour years later , in Debruary $%*#,

he lost the title to @eon 6pinks in

@as :egas , ?evada. owever, in

6eptember the same year he

managed to recover to beat 6pinks

in a $'3round bout in ?ew Hrleans,

@ouisiana. e retired in $%*% ,

returned the following year to

challenge @arry olmes in the

world championship losing to his

opponent. Ali fought for the last

time on Fecember $$, $%#$ in

?assau losing to Trevor erbick .

With a reputation for aggressivefighter with a strong personality ,

his techni9ue was defined as G fly

like a butt

erfly and sting like a bee

G . Ali was in front in the media ,

challenging and provoking his

opponents through interviews and

confrontations concerted beforehand. e became a sports figure recogniCed

worldwide and retired as one of the best boxing champions .

The 5nternational oxing /esearch HrganiCation !5/H + ranked him among the $ames in Atlanta !$%%) + he lit the Hlympic flame in the estadio.El

"uly =*, =ames =


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:eronica orsche, an actress and model. 5n the summer of $%**, he finished his

second marriage and married :eronica, with whom he already had a daughter,

ana, and being pregnant with his second marriage. is second daughter, @aila,

was born in Fecember $%**. 5n $%#), Ali and :eronica were divorced. is @aila

became a boxer in $%%%, despite his fatherBs comments against female boxing. Hn

?ovember $%, $%#), Ali married Nolanda Williams. They had been friends since

$%)7 in @ouisville. They had a son, Asaad Amin, who was adopted when she was

five months old. e has two other daughters, 4iya and haliah, extramarital

relations.

4uhammad died on "une 7, =


43/5234

http;;www.buscabiografias.com;biografia;verFetalle;7


44/5234

armies. Trained only for battle, a young soldier knew but one home 33 hisbarracks, one family 33 his unit. hysical training was the chief occupation,and each manBs day was spent in exercise or on the drill3ground.

A@solu#e %e.o#io!

Drom the age of seven, 6partan boys no longer lived at home, but werebrought up by the state. Training was often harsh, but effective, and eachyouth learned unwavering and absolute devotion to his country and hisfolk. Aside from combat training, they learned to swim, run, jump, wrestleand box, and, above all, to dance. Dor in >reece, rhythmical movementwas considered good training, not for the body alone, but also for thecharacter. War songs were chanted by bands of boys in a musical drill.Every 6partan was expected to be able to singO great stress was laid onthe cultivation of memory, and all learned by heart the ballads of theirpatriot3poet Tyrtaeus.

y the age of twenty, each cadet became a fully3fledged warrior. Hn histhirtieth birthday, a 6partan was invested with the remainder of his civicrights and duties. Thenceforth he attended the Appela, the assembly ofthe people, and could vote on measures proposed by the two kings or bythe Ephoroi, 6partaBs five3man judiciary. At this time he was also allowedto marry and to establish his own household, although still bound to dinein common with his peers.

U!'omromisi!"

>irls were also given rigorous physical training, so that they mightbecome the mothers of healthy children. The 6partans practiced anuncompromising eugenics programme. ?ew3born babies were raised onlyif healthy and perfectly formed, so as not to be a burden on the state, andto ensure genetic upbreeding.

Women in 6parta were accounted the most beautiful in all of ellas, while

at the same time they were known to be as tough in spirit as the men. 5twas common for mothers to order their warrior sons as they went off tobattle G8ome back with your shield, or on it.G

The men were encouraged rigorously to procreate. "ust as cowardicewas recogniCed as most despicable and abhorrent, so likewise waschastity among men. 8elibacy was a crime, and street gangs of womenwere known on occasion to beat up bachelors. G6parta was hardly


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famous for chaste women,G commented Euripides. owever, aside fromtheir procreative responsibilities, the 6partans were recogniCed as thefreest people in all of >reece. The citiCens themselves were called Bthee9ualsB, and in theory all were e9ual in both war and government.

The states of Ancient >reece and theersian Empire were separated by the

Aegean 6ea. y 'reekciviliCation. The con9uered 5onian>reeks revolted in 7%%, and Athensand Eretria sent help. ut Fariusstamped out the uprising by 7%< 8and, by 7#$ his son Yerxes hadsucceeded to his throne and was busyamassing a vast army to invade

>reece proper.

The >reeks held a superb defensive position at the ass of Thermopylae!Got >atesG 33 so named for its thermal springs+. Dlanked by mountains,the pass narrowed at one point to a path just fifty feet wide. @eonidas, the6partan ing, who had command over the whole >reek army, held thepass with about *,


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eve of battle. Yerxes laughed at this news, but a >reek in his serviceheard it and understood The warriors were 6partans, ritualisticallypreparing to die. GHh ingG he exclaimed, G?ow are you face to face withthe most valiant men in ellas.G

8onfident in their abilities, the 6partans had no fear of confrontation withanyone, regardless of how vast an army approached. Yerxes felt certainthat the sheer weight of numbers of his men would force the 6partans todecamp. e let four days pass with this notion. Hn the fifth day heconcluded that his opponents must indeed be obstinate fools, and sentforth his men with orders to capture them and bring them to his presencealive.

The attack proved both costly and futile. With his regular troops beingbutchered, Yerxes was forced to dispatch his best fighters, theB5mmortalsB. Again, however, the 6partans outfought the ersians.

A written account from the>reek historian erodotus

records that GThe 6partansBremarkable handling of thebattle, too, showed thesuperiority of their tactics.Hften they would feign flightand then, when the noisyrabble pursued, they wouldswing round and slaughterthem in heaps. Three times, itis said, Yerxes leapt from his

throne in terror for his army.G[5mage oplite killing aersian, from a cup by theTriptolemos ainter.\

The next day proved no better for the ersian hordes, whose casualtieslittered the field. As evening fell on the second day of battle, Yerxes was


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at a loss as to how the iron grip of the 6partans on the pass could bebroken. A >reek traitor came to his aid, informing him of a mountain toptrail by way of which the ersians could outflank their hardy enemies.

Grim %e#ermi!a#io!

@eonidas learned of this treachery in time to send away most of his menand all his allies. Then he swung his remaining force of &ods.

Dacing overwhelming numbers, the 6partans fell back, forming a compactbody on a hillock. erodotus would later recall this final stand GThey

fought with their swords, if they had them, but if not, with their hands andteeth.G

@eonidas fell fighting bravely, and a fierce struggle raged over the body ofthe 6partan king. Dour times the ersian advance was repulsed withheavy losses, including two of YerxesB brothers, until the 6partans wereoverwhelmed by the arrows they had mocked a few days before.

Yerxes himself did not set foot on the battlefield until it was all over, buthe knew that he had just seen the most extraordinary fighting men in the

world. :iewing the carnage before him, he turned to the >reek,Femaratus G?ow tell me, how many men of the @acedaimon remain, andare they all such warriors as these fallen menXG

G6ire,G replied Femaratus, Gthere are many men and towns in@acedaemon. ut 5 will tell you what you really want to know 6partaalone boasts #,


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istory would repeat itself at Thermopylae, during World War Two. Thistime the ritish held the pass, only to be outflanked and overwhelmed bythe >ermans.

The place remains, however, best known for the earlier clash of arms.

Dollowing the defeat of @eonidas the 6partan, the >reeks built amonument to mark the spot where the heroes died.

Jpon it were carved no lofty words of praise, no boasts or laments, butone simple, concise verse

Go tell the Spartans, passer-by, that here, obedient to their laws, we

lie.

AFTER T,E BATTLE

@eonidas1 sacrifice, along with that of his 6partan hoplites, did not prevent

the ersians from moving down the >reek coast into oeotia. 5n6eptember 7#< .8., however, the Athenian navy defeated the ersians

at the attle of 6alamis, after which the ersians returned home.

?onetheless, @eonidas1 action demonstrated 6parta1s willingness to

sacrifice itself for the protection of the >reek region.

@eonidas achieved lasting fame for his personal sacrifice. ero cults were

an established custom in ancient >reece from the eighth century .8.

onward. Fead heroes were worshipped, usually near their burial site, as

intermediaries to the gods. Dorty years after the battle, 6parta retrieved@eonidas1 remains !or what were believed to be his remains+ and a shrine

was built in his honor.


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FILMOGRAP,&

Were Thermopylae and @eonidas subject of a

motion picture, a free version , Entre epic

song and animated cartoon , the movie &


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5ndice

5H>/AN E@:56 /E6@EN

?eysha uacchara9ue 4.

William 6hakespeare

The work of William 6hakespeare

8lorinda 4atto de Turner.

Works of 8lorinda 4atto de Turner

A@H ?E/JFA

5H>/AN

4H/E 54H/TA?T WH/6

HE4 =JEU

$%)%3$%%5??5?>6

$%%$3$%%) 5n @iving 8olor and acting career

$%%*3=


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