Introduction to Taiwan Studies

Lin Gang

School of International and Public Affairs, SJTU

Week One: Teaching Outline

• About the Course• Background

– Geography– Population– Contrast between the Blue and Green – Administration

• How to Approach the Taiwan Issue– Research Approaches– Research Methodology

About Myself

• Distinguished Professor, Shanghai Jiao Tong University (SJTU)

• Chair Professor, School of International and Public Affairs ， SJTU

• Executive Director of Center for Taiwan Studies ， SJTU

• Visiting Professor, Sun Yat-Sen University & Chengchi University, Taiwan

About Myself

• Program Associate, Asia Program, Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, Washington, D.C. （ 1999 －2005）

• Adjunct professor, Johns Hopkins University, School of Arts and Sciences

• President, Association of Chinese Political Studies (ACPS)

Ma’s Reelection in 2012

Tsai Ing-wen: After Her Defeat in January 14th Elections

Teaching Outline

• Introduction (Week 1)

Read: April Lin & Jerome Keating, Island in the Stream, ch. 1 (pp.1-15) ；Shelley Rigger, Why Taiwan Matters,

Ch. 1 & 8 (pp.1-10, 165-178)• The Historical Roots of the Taiwan Issue (Week 2)

Read: Island in the Stream, pp. 17-34

Why Taiwan Matters, Ch. 2 (pp.11-38)

Teaching Outline

• Conditions and Process of Taiwan’s Democratization (Week 3)

Read: Why Taiwan Matters, Ch. 3 & 4

(pp.41-93)

• Party Politics in Taiwan (Week 4)

Read: John Copper, Taiwan's Democracy on Trial, pp. 1-15; pp. 89-99

Teaching Outline

• Taiwan’s Party System (Week 5)Read: Shelley Rigger, Taiwan's Rising Rationalism, pp. 1-33

• Politics of Identity in Taiwan (Week 6)

Read: Taiwan's Rising Rationalism, pp.34-59

Why Taiwan Matters, Ch.7 (pp.133-163)

Teaching Outline

• Political Interaction across the Taiwan Strait (Week 7)

Why Taiwan Matters, Ch. 6 (pp.117-131)

• Civic Exchanges across the Taiwan Strait (Week 8)Read: Why Taiwan Matters, Ch.8 & 9 (pp. 178-197)

Teaching Outline

• The U.S. Factor in Cross-Strait Relations (Week 9-10)

Read: Lin Gang, "U.S Strategies in Maintaining Peace across the Taiwan Strait,” Issues & Studies, June 2007, pp. 217-236; "Key Factors Shaping U.S.-Taiwan Relations"(Manuscript)

“Searching for Cross-Strait Peace”(Manuscript)

• Prospects for Cross-Strait Relations (Week 11)

Final Scores

• Class attendance and participation (20%)– Missing one class: losing 5%; two: 10%; three:

15%; four: all– Coming late or leaving early: losing 2%;

sleeping during class: missing 2-5%– No lab top, unless showing us the notes taken

with computer• Quiz (30%): four times (10% for each), accounting

in only three scores (higher); if missing three, can still get 10% at the maximum

Final Scores in the Past Three Class

• 20% class participation; 30% class works or quiz; 50% term paper

• 低于 60 60-69 70-79 80-89 90以上

1 4 14 64 19

4 6 18 43 13

1 5 14 45 7

Term Paper

• For the term paper, please write an essay with about 3000 words in Chinese. Any subjects related to the course, such as Taiwan's politics, economy, culture, cross-strait relations, Taiwan's external relations, would be fine.

• The deadline for submitting the paper is last class, December 23, Monday.

相关网址和课程邮箱• 台湾研究中心网址： http://taiwan.sjtu.edu.cn

• 教学网 : http://electsys.sjtu.edu.cn

• 课程网址• http://cc.sjtu.edu.cn/taiwanS0906.html

• 课程邮箱： lingangsjtu@163.com; sjtu2012

1. Background

A. Geography

• Hen vs. egg (9,600,000 VS. 36,000 square kilometers)–Who comes first?–Competition around value system

or sovereignty–Can the tail wag the dog?–The size does matter

A. Geography

• Geographically separated by the Taiwan Strait (90 miles) [compared with Britain and Japan]– The implications for the Taiwanese Identity

– Attached or detached ?

– Fragile vs. dynamic

– Isolation vs. openness

– Relying on the mainland or the U.S. & Japan

– Making peace with the mainland, being close to the U.S., and friendly with Japan

– TPP vs. RECP

Geopolitics

• In his new book, The Revenge of Geography: What the Map Tells Us About Coming Conflicts, Robert Kaplan (Stratfor Global Intelligence) contends that current global conflicts, including wars, political instability, and clashes over religion, can be better understood and even forecasted through close examination of the maps that chart our world.

A. Geography

• Daan( 大安， great peace ） Creek --- Zhuoshui （浊水 , muddy water ） Creek --- Central mountains• Northern Taiwan, Central Taiwan,

Southern Taiwan ， Eastern Taiwan

• Taiwan’s map in the sky (Tailu Pavilion)

B. Population

• Population: 23 million8million>>17million>>20million>>23million>>?

• Two elements in the population–Taro (“outsiders” as the head ） vs. sweet potato (native Taiwanese as the tail)–Percentage of the two elements

–From 80% vs. 20% to 85% vs. 15%

C. Contrast between Blue & Green

• A real Taiwan is outside of the Taipei Basin

• Blue (Kuomintang) counties vs. green (The Democratic Progressive Party) counties

• Blue in the north, green in the south

• Blue sky vs. green land （ grassroots)

• Going to the south, down to the earth

D. Administration

• Two provinces, two municipalities– Taiwan, Fukien, Taipei, Kaohsiung

• Five Municipalities plus 17 counties/cities– Taipei City, New Taipei City, Taichung City,

Tainan City, Kaohsiung City

To 5 Plus 17

From 3 Municipalities/15 counties/cities

Changes of Political Maps in Taiwan (2008-2010)

2. How to Approach the Taiwan Issue

• Taiwan Studies as an area study (but not a country study)– Moving from the margin to the center– From historical and intelligent studies to

multi-discipline studies

2. How to Approach the Taiwan Issue

• Comprehensive issue areas

– Historical, cultural, economic, social, political, military ， external relations issue

– Taiwan expert—mission impossible

• Su Chi’s comments

• Politics as the core issue

Research Approaches

• Different approaches to the Studies of Taiwanese politics

–Historical approach• e.g., the incident of 2.28

• “Taiwanese sadness” (Treaty of Shimonoseki)

Research Approaches

–Cultural approach

• Political culture–Keep low profile during elections

–e.g. mass assembly on Jan. 13, 2012 ( a comparison)

• National identity

• public opinion

Research Approaches

• Economic and Social Approaches

–Modernization theory, developmental approach

–Social conflict theory• Regional gaps (North vs. South)

• Class struggle

• Ethnic conflict

Research Approaches

• Elite analysis approach

–Lee Teng-hui’s manipulation of Taiwanese sentiments

• Institutional approach

–Electoral system, party system, governance system

Research Approaches

• International approach –International law

(idealism/liberalism)

• Cairo Declaration vs. San Francisco Treaty

–Great power diplomacy (realism) • The U.S. Factor, the Japan Factor

Research Methodology

• Case study

• Comparative study

• Statistics analysis

• Content analysis

• Field work– Not until mid-1990s– Survey on pubic opinion – Intensive Interview