Introduction to SAP

Tom Wilder, Department of Accounting and MISCalifornia State University, Chico

INTRODUCTION TO SAP

Part 3: ERP Structure

© SAP 2009 / Page 2

SAP Generic Structure

The SAP structure is hierarchical in natureStart with the Client at the top level. Each instance of SAP is typically

associated with a client. An instance is a separate server and database that holds the client

Under the client can be a Company. There are also Company Codes. A Company can hold multiple Company Codes. Each Company has a Chart of Accounts.

If a Company is not used, then the next level is Company Code. The Company Code is the smallest organizational unit in SAP for which you can draw individual Financial Statements

Under each Company Code is the Plant. This can be a warehouse, DC, or manufacturing location. Storage locations are located in the Plant.

© SAP 2009 / Page 3

SAP Generic Corporate Structure

Client – a detached, individual, customizable working environment

Company – an independent legal entity with its own income statement and balance sheet

Plant – the entity to which all logistical data are linked

Storage Location – used for registration of materials into stock

© SAP 2009 / Page 4

Sales and Distribution

Client© UCC Magdeburg

© SAP 2009 / Page 5

Sales and Distribution

Client

Credit Control Area 1000 CCA 3000

© UCC Magdeburg

© SAP 2009 / Page 6

Sales and Distribution

Client

Credit Control Area 1000 CCA 3000

CC 1000 CC 2000 CC 3000

© UCC Magdeburg

© SAP 2009 / Page 7

Sales and Distribution

Client

Credit Control Area 1000 CCA 3000

CC 1000 CC 2000 CC 3000

SOHeathrow 2000

Sales Organization Frankfurt 1000

SO Philadelphia 3000

SO B 1020

SO Denver 3020

© UCC Magdeburg

© SAP 2009 / Page 8

Sales and Distribution

Client

Credit Control Area 1000 CCA 3000

CC 1000 CC 2000 CC 3000

SOHeathrow 2000

Sales Organization Frankfurt 1000

SO Philadelphia 3000

SO B 1020

SO Denver 3020

SOff HR 2000

SOff HH 1010

Sales OfficeF 1000

SOff B

1020

SOff S

1030 PH 3000

CH 3010

DE 3020

SD 3030

PH 3000

CH 3010

DE 3020

SD 3030

© UCC Magdeburg

© SAP 2009 / Page 9

Sales and Distribution

Client

Credit Control Area 1000 CCA 3000

CC 1000 CC 2000 CC 3000

SOHeathrow 2000

Sales Organization Frankfurt 1000

SO Philadelphia 3000

SO B 1020

SO Denver 3020

SOff HR 2000

SOff HH 1010

Sales OfficeF 1000

SOff B

1020

SOff S

1030 PH 3000

CH 3010

DE 3020

SD 3030

PH 3000

CH 3010

DE 3020

SD 3030

Distribution Channel Service 14 * except from SO 1020 und 2000

Distribution Channel Sold for Resale 12 * except from SO 1020

Distribution Channel Final Customer Sales 10 * except from SO 1020

© UCC Magdeburg

© SAP 2009 / Page 10

Sales and Distribution

Client

Credit Control Area 1000 CCA 3000

CC 1000 CC 2000 CC 3000

SOHeathrow 2000

Sales Organization Frankfurt 1000

SO Philadelphia 3000

SO B 1020

SO Denver 3020

SOff HR 2000

SOff HH 1010

Sales OfficeF 1000

SOff B

1020

SOff S

1030 PH 3000

CH 3010

DE 3020

SD 3030

PH 3000

CH 3010

DE 3020

SD 3030

Distribution Channel Service 14 * except from SO 1020 und 2000

Distribution Channel Sold for Resale 12 * except from SO 1020

Distribution Channel Final Customer Sales 10 * except from SO 1020

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© UCC Magdeburg

© SAP 2009 / Page 11

Financial Accounting

Client Operating Concern IDEA

Controlling Area 1000 CA 2000

Credit Control Area 1000 CCA 3000

Chart of Accounts INT CoA CAUS

CC 3000 (USA)CC 2000 (GB) Company Code 1000 (GER)

Business Area 1000 – Mech. Engineering (Pumps)

Business Area 3000 – Automotive (Motorcycles)

Business Area 8000 – External Services (Services)

© UCC Magdeburg

© SAP 2009 / Page 12

Materials Management (Logistics)

HH 1000

B 1100

DD 1200

F 1300

S 1400

Heathrow 2000

CH3100

A 3200

LA 3300

SE 3400

DA 3500

WI 3600

OL 3700

DE

3800

NY 3000

Werk [WRK]

2000 EKO 3000Purchasing Organization 1000Einkäufergruppe 000 Chef H.

EKG 003Komponenten & Motorräder

EKG 001 Dienst- leistungen

Shipping point [VST]

1000 1100 1200 1300 1400

1001 1999

2000 3200 3300 3400 3500 3600 3700 38003000

3999

3100

BUK 1000 BUK 3000 BUK

2000

Storage location (SL)

0001 0001 0001 0001 0001

0088 0088

0001 0001 0001 0001 0095 0001 0001

9988

0088

0100

0101

0001

0001

0001

0001

0001

0088

0001

© UCC Magdeburg

© SAP 2009 / Page 13

Client

Chart of Accounts

CompanyCode

Plant

Fiscal YearVariant

Credit ControlArea

PurchasingOrganization

Purchasing Group

Shipping Point

SalesOrganization

Distribution Channel

Division

Sales Area

Organizational Structure

Controlling Area

SL10 SL20

© SAP 2009 / Page 14

Warehouse Management

SAP Generic Corporate Structure

Client – a detached, individual, customizable working environment

Company – an independent legal entity with its own income statement and balance sheet

Plant – the entity to which all logistical data are linked

Storage Location – used for registration of materials into stock

© SAP 2009 / Page 15

© SAP 2009 / Page 16

SAP ERP Central Component 6.0

SAP ERP

FIFinancial

AccountingCO

Controlling

PSProjectSystemWF

WorkflowISIndustry

Solutions

MMMaterials

Mgmt.

HRHuman

Resources

SDSales and

Distribution

PPProductionPlanning

QMQualityMgmt. PM

Plant Maintenance

SMServiceMgmt.

Client / ServerIntegrated Business

Solution

ECEnterpriseControlling

AMFixed Assets

Mgmt.

© SAP 2009 / Page 17

Procurement Process

Purchase Requisition

Paymentto Vendor

Notify Vendor

VendorShipment

InvoiceReceipt Goods

Receipt

Purchase Order

Sales OrderEntry Check

Availability

ProcurementProcess

Pick Materials

Purchase Requisition

Purchase Order

GoodsReceipt

InvoiceReceipt

Paymentto Vendor

Post Goods IssueInvoice

Customer

Receipt ofPayment

Run MRP

Process Integration

© SAP 2009 / Page 18

SalesProcess

Sales OrderEntry Check

Availability

ProcurementProcess

Pick Materials

Purchase Requisition

Purchase Order

GoodsReceipt

InvoiceReceipt

Paymentto Vendor

Post Goods IssueInvoice

Customer

Receipt ofPayment

Run MRP

Process Integration

© SAP 2009 / Page 19

SalesProcess

Sales OrderEntry Check

Availability

ProductionProcess

Run MPS w/MRP

Convert ProductionProposal Schedule

and ReleaseProcurement

Process

Pick Materials

Purchase Requisition

Purchase Order

GoodsReceipt

InvoiceReceipt

Paymentto Vendor

CompletionConfirmation

Goods Receipt

QualityInspection

Order Settlement

Post Goods Issue

Invoice Customer

Receipt ofPayment

GoodsIssue

Process Integration

© SAP 2009 / Page 20

SalesProcess

Pre SalesActivity

Vendor selection

Create DeliveryDocument

Determine DeliveryMethod

3-way Match

Sales OrderEntry Check

Availability

ProductionProcess

Run MPS w/MRP

Convert ProductionProposal Schedule

and ReleaseProcurement

Process

Pick Materials

Purchase Requisition

Purchase Order

GoodsReceipt

InvoiceReceipt

Paymentto VendorCompletion

ConfirmationGoods Receipt

QualityInspection

Order Settlement

Post Goods Issue

Invoice Customer

Receipt ofPayment

GoodsIssue

Process Integration

© SAP 2009 / Page 21

SalesProcess

Pre SalesActivity

Vendor selection

Create DeliveryDocument

Determine DeliveryMethod

3-way Match

Sales OrderEntry

Check Availability

ProductionProcess

Run MPS w/MRP

Convert ProductionProposal Schedule

and ReleaseProcurement

Process

Pick Materials

Purchase Requisition

Purchase Order

GoodsReceipt

InvoiceReceipt

Paymentto VendorCompletion

ConfirmationGoods Receipt

QualityInspection

Order Settlement

Post Goods Issue

Invoice Customer

Receipt ofPayment

GoodsIssue

Process Integration

© SAP 2009 / Page 22

Sales Person

Sales Assistant

Production Planner

Plant Manager

Auto Gen or Manual

Purchasing agent

Receiving Clerk

Accounts Payable

Shop ForemanQuality

Inspector

Warehouse worker

Shipping Supervisor

Accounts Receivable

SalesProcess