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CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
Background of the study
Site investigation is a crucial and vital part of Civil Engineer’s job. It is a
process of geological examination in a site. It is a responsibility of Civil Engineers
to find geological solution to the problem.
Through site investigation, Civil Engineer’s idea comes out for the
designing and planning of a certain infrastructure. However, some of them
rejected the most important thing in site investigation. This implies big problems
that might lead to a very big damage. Therefore, this study introducing the
natural features that must considered in order lessening error and damages.
One of the parts of site investigations that must be considered is the
“climate” present in the site before, during and after the construction. It is pointed
by Legget and Farrow (1983) that Civil Engineers must design all his structures
in relation to climatic factors such as snow loads on roof, wind loads in all
structures above the ground, rainfall and its disposal, and the possibility of
changing levels of the water table.
There is some situation that the world now experiences the climate
change such as, in the report of Robert Kim Liso (2000) that the hurricane in
north western Norway on New Year’s Day 1992 caused damages to buildings in
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the order of NOK 1.3 billion. In the winter of 1999–2000, heavy loads of snow on
roofs throughout Northern Norway caused several large buildings to collapse.
Eastern and Southern Norway experienced heavy rainfall over long periods last
autumn, causing damage to buildings that were previously unscathed. Although
these unique weather events cannot, of course, be ascribed to global climate
change, they are a clear reminder of how vulnerable wearer to large fluctuations
in climate and extreme weather. (http:www.cicero.cio.no/media.com)
Moreover, in the Geoff Zeiss report (2007) it is stated that the share of
Americans calling global climate change the most important environmental issue
rose from 11 percent in 2003 to 35 percent in 2006 global warming survey. The
construction industry is faced with the challenge to replace or renovate buildings
to minimize environmental impact. This requires new approaches to designing
new buildings and renovating existing buildings.
Furthermore, in the article of Beverly Manago that people commissioning
or managing a large construction project have to pay attention to, which is
climate change. She points out that the relationship between climate change and
a construction project goes both ways. Not only can the project impact climate
but climate change can impact the project particularly in the long termed.
It is added by Robert F. Legget that the operations of the construction
engineer are so obviously determined by climatic factors that it would be tedious
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to describe them, but all with experience in construction know that any major
variation from average climate conditions at a building site interfere with progress
and change an anticipated profit into a serious loss.
Therefore, he emphasizes that climate is one of the natural features that
must be studied in advance of design for all civil engineering works.
This research will serve as the guide and source of information for the
Civil Engineers. It will explore the knowledge and it seeks to answer the
problems that they have encountered in building construction in relation to
climate change.
Objectives of the study
This study will assess the problems that encountered by the Civil
Engineers in building construction in relation to climate change particularly in
the municipality of Naval. It will trace the developments and changes in the field
of construction due to climate change.
Specifically, it will answer the following objectives:
1. Ascertain the problems encountered by Civil Engineers in Building
Construction in relation to climate change here in the Municipality of Naval
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2. Find out strategies and coping mechanisms, employed by the civil
engineers in addressing the problems on building construction in relation
to climate change.
Framework of the study
Conceptual Framework. There are two main variables in this study. The
independent variable which represents the problems brought by climate change
in building construction and the dependent variable which represents by
registered Civil Engineers on how to solve the problems using the techniques in
order to come up a best design in building construction.
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Figure 1 The Conceptual Framework of the study
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Climate Change
Problems
Civil Engineers
Solution to the problems
Building construction
Importance of the Study
The significance of the study determines the satisfactory complexion that
will provide every individual with a sound knowledge of the problems brought by
Climate change in building construction and also the strategies to overcome the
said problem.
The results of this study would be beneficial to the following:
Civil Engineer, they will be aware about the problems brought by climate
change in building construction and they were able to create techniques and
methods for designing and planning.
Civil Engineering student, they will have advance knowledge and aware
about the relationship between climate change and building construction. Hence,
they will seek further more knowledge and solutions to this serious matter.
Future researchers, this study will give them insights to conduct further
study to coup with the changing demand of the society.
Scope and Delimitation of the study
The researchers set boundaries to the topic that will discuss the variables
and include and excluded topics. It also collects all-encompassing frame of
references as well as technical limits.
The coverage of this research focused on the problems encountered by
the Civil Engineers in building construction with regards to the climate change
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and to seek answers and probable solutions to the problem that they have
encountered in their fieldworks. The study covers 15 registered Civil Engineers
who were our respondents. The respondents are those who had an experience
for more than 5 years in the field of building construction here in Naval. Five of
them are mainly the contractors who hold the project and the rest came from
LGU, Provincial Capitol, and DPWH.
The researcher limited this research to avoid the unnecessary topics that
would not support to the title of the research.
Definition of Terms
The following terms are operationally to guide the readers understand the study.
Building construction. The process of adding structure to real property.
Climate. The weather at a particular site over a long period of time.
Climate change. A significant and lasting change in the statistical
distribution of weather patterns over periods.
Site investigation. The geological examination of a potential
development site.
Site Evaluation. Refers to evaluating the site including the management,
development and progression of the site.
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