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Phonetics and phonology
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THE BASIS OF
PHONETICS & PHONOLOGY
International Phonetics Alphabet
Phonetics & Phonology
Phonetics & PhonologyNo Topics Phonetics Phonology1. Main Focus How sounds are
madeHow sound are used
2. Normal Scope All Languages A particular Language
3. Role of Native Speaker
Native Speaker pronunciation of sounds
Native Speaker reactions to sounds
4. Role of Linguist Record sounds accurately
Describe significance of sounds & sound changes
5. Linguistic Perspective
Etic Emic
Phonetics & Phonology
• The phone is the basic unit of phonology. • Phonological rules for a particular language
dictate both phoneme and allophones used by the language and the acceptable syllable structures (phoneme/allophone combination)
• Phonetics and phonology are strongly interrelated. Phonetics provide the speaker with the sound differentiation necessary to imply meaning whereas phonology helps the speaker understand sound patterns, sequences, and coarticulatory interrelationships.
International Phonetic Alphabet• The IPA provides the user with a
universally accepted symbols for each of the speech sounds.
• The IPA is phonetic, not phonemic in design. In other words, a particular symbol is used to represent the pronunciation of a speech sound, not to delineate a change in meaning.
• The International Phonetic Association, the agency governing IPA, has a system of detailed principles applied to the formation and variation of the alphabet (see the IPA chart)
• IPA does not use capital letters
IPA Chart
Consonant Chart
Vowel Chart
Other symbols, Diachritics, and Suprasegmentals• Other symbols, diachritics, and
suprasegmentals are the three subscription of IPA used to enhance and further delineate production.
• The other symbols category allows for the transcription of additional sounds not fully represented in consonants and vowel categories.
• Diachritics are symbols designed to be added to consonant, vowels, and other symbols to further describe the phoneme.
• Suprasegmentals provide information on stress, boundaries, timing, and speech.
Why Do We Need to Study English Phonology? [1]
Why Do We Need to Study English Phonology? [2]