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Introduction to OSP
BICSI US South-Central Region Meeting
April 25, 2014
Objectives • Provide a brief history of the industry
• Discuss installation in aerial, direct-buried and underground pathways and spaces
• Review factors effecting media selection
• Describe construction methods of fiber
Agenda • Safety Starter
• OSP History
• Pathways and Spaces
• Media Options
• Construction methods
• Safety Take-Away
Safety Starter
4
Safety Starter
Safety Starter
Design with Safety in Mind
OSP History
• Telegraph
• Telephone
Resources
Norman Rockwell, “The Lineman”, AT&T Promotion, 1947
OSP History
• Deregulation
Resources
Bell System Woman Lineman Doll, c. 1975
OSP History
Opportunities in the OSP World!
• Military, higher education, corporate campus
• FTTx
• Fiber backhaul (4G, LTE, DAS)
• Utilities • SCADA
• Energy: electric, oil, gas, water, solar, wind
• MPLS, DWDM…
Pathways and Spaces
• Pathways
• Aerial
• Direct-buried
• Underground
Pathways and Spaces
• Pathways
• Aerial
• Lashed
• Figure 8
• ADSS
• OPGW
Pathways and Spaces
• Pathways
Resources
AFL, Superior Essex
Figure 8
OPGW
ADSS
Pathways and Spaces
• Pathways
• Direct-buried
• Armored cable
Pathways and Spaces
• Pathways
• Underground
Pathways and Spaces
• Pathways
• Underground
• 1890s – creosote soaked wooden conduit
• Vitrified Clay Pipe (VCP)
• Concrete Duct Bank
• Plastic/metallic
• Micro-trench
Pathways and Spaces
• Pathways
Resources
Underground Devices
Concrete-encased PVC duct bank
Pathways and Spaces
• Pathways
Conduit Proofing
…prior to using existing ducts, the contractor shall rod and mandrel duct to make sure the duct is usable…
Pathways and Spaces
• Pathways
Conduit Proofing
Pathways and Spaces
• Pathways
Conduit Proofing
Pathways and Spaces
• Pathways
Conduit Proofing
Pathways and Spaces
• Pathways
Conduit Proofing
Pathways and Spaces
• Spaces
• CO
• CEV, Hut (“super hut”/”community hut”)
• MH
• HH
o “Vault”
oPull box
• Cabinet
oVRAD, LCP, “community cabinet”
• Pedestal/Terminal
oNAP
• NID/ONT
FTTH ARCHITECTURE
23
Cabinet
FTTH ARCHITECTURE
24
CAB
CAB
CAB
CAB
CAB
Cabinet Boundary
(Approx. 1,320 Addresses)
Neighborhood Boundary
(Approx. 1,704 to 3,408 Addresses)
Neighborhood
Boundary
Pathways, Spaces and Cabling
Hut
Pathways, Spaces and Cabling
Hut
Pathways, Spaces and Cabling
Hut
Pathways, Spaces and Cabling
Hut
Pathways, Spaces and Cabling
HH
Pathways, Spaces and Cabling
Cabinet
Community Cabinet
Pathways, Spaces and Cabling
Cabinet
Community Cabinet
Pathways, Spaces and Cabling
Cabinet/LCP
Pathways, Spaces and Cabling
Cabinet/LCP
Pathways, Spaces and Cabling
NAP
Media Options
• Coaxial
• Copper
• Optical Fiber
• Wireless
Media Options
• Coaxial
– CATV, CCTV
– Wireless (site)
– Microwave
– OHMs
• 50 Wireless RF, microwave
• 75 CATV, RF, microwave
• 93 misc
Resources
Commscope
Media Options
Resources
Commscope
Coaxial
Trunk/Distribution
Center Conductor
Dielectric (insulator)
Metallic Shield
Jacket
Media Options
• Coaxial
– RG = Radio Grade
– CATV (Broadband)
• RG
• Series – Series 59, 6, 11
• Hardline – 500 Hardline (1/2” dia.)
– 750 Hardline (3/4” dia.) Resources
Commscope
Media Options
• Copper
– 25 pairs to more than 3,600 pairs (7,200 conductors)
• Sheathed in creosote soaked wood
• Lead sheath, paper/pulp insulation, air-core
Resources
Superior Essex and Telephone Tribute
Copper Thieves Blamed In KC Phone Outage,
April 2008
“It may take several days to repair all of them.
Officials told KMBC's Chris Nagus that the
severed wires are from the 1960s and are not
color-coded like current wires, which is making
it more difficult to reconnect the lines.”.
Media Options
• Copper • Plastic sheath, PIC, gel-filled
• “Icky PIC” P- Plastic
I - Insulated
C- Conductor
Resources
Superior Essex
Media Options
• Copper
Resources
Superior Essex
Conductors
Steel/Aluminum Shield
Jacket/Sheath
Binder Ribbon
• Ex: STALPETH
Media Options
• Optical Fiber
– 6 strands to 1008 strands
– Loose tube
Resources
Superior Essex
Media Options
• Optical Fiber
Core
• MM (62.5µm, 50µm)
• SM (8-9µm)
Cladding
• 125µm
Coating
• 250µm, 900µm
Media Options
• Optical Fiber NEC Rating/Description
• OFN Optical Fiber Non-Conductive
• OFC Optical Fiber Conductive
• OFNG or OFCG General purpose
• OFNR or OFCR Riser rated (cable for vertical runs)
• OFNP or OFCP Plenum rated (cables for use in air-handling plenums
• OFN-LSZH Low Smoke Zero Halogen
Media Options
Put it all together
OFNR
Strand
count
Manufacturer and Part
number
Innerduct
Media Options
• Optical Fiber
– Ribbon Fiber
Resources
Corning Cable Systems
432
Strands
Media Options
• Optical Fiber
– Fiber is good for you
Resources
Corning Cable Systems, Superior Essex
432 Strands
Fiber Optic 3,600 Pairs
Copper
Construction
• Aerial
• If it ain’t broke….
2012 1947
Resources
General Machine Products
Construction • Aerial
Vermont uses draft horse to lay cable for Internet
access
Lashing machine
Construction
• Direct-buried/Underground
• Trencher
• Backhoe
• Plow
• Rock Saw
• Excavator
Construction
Resource
Vermeer, Caterpillar
Construction
Resource
Caterpillar, JAB
Construction
• Direct-buried/Underground • Micro-trench
Resource
OSP Magazine
Construction
• Construction
– Direct-buried/Underground
• HDD
Horizontal Directional Drilling (Boring)
Resource
Vermeer
Construction
• Construction
– Direct-buried/Underground
• HDD
Horizontal Directional Drilling (Boring)
Construction
Resource
Flora Boring
Construction
• Construction
– Underground
• Air-Blown fiber
Resource
General Machine Products
Construction
• Construction
– Underground
• Jack Bore
• Missile Bore
• Walk-behind trencher/plow
• 1-1-8
Resource
Ditchwitch
Construction
• Construction
– Alternative technologies
• In-Sewer Systems – Accepted method in Europe and Asia
Resource
CableRunner
Construction
• Construction
– Alternative technologies
• In-Sewer Systems
Safety Take-Away
Safety Take-Away
Safety Take-Away
Manufacturer warning: Grips are to be used for temporary installation,
not for permanent anchorage
Temporary is forever…unless something breaks or someone gets hurt.
Safety Take-Away
Manufacturer warning: Grips are to be used for temporary installation,
not for permanent anchorage
Codes & Standards • NESC
• NEC
• OSHA – 29 CFR 1910.268
• RUS 1751F Series
– Design and Construction of Aerial, Direct-Buried & UG Plant
• TIA-758-B, Customer-Owned Outside Plant Telecommunications Infrastructure Standard
• AT&T OSP Engineering Handbook
• BICSI OSPDRM
• IEEE
• ASTM
Codes vs. Standards?
Thank you!
Jeff Beavers, RCDD, OSP
OSP/ISP Group Lead
Black & Veatch Corporation | Telecom Division
10950 Grandview Dr., Overland Park, KS 66210
913-458-8408 P | 913-749-3237 M | [email protected]
Building a World of Difference.®