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8/8/2019 Introduction to Masterpieces of the Drama
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INTRODUCTION TO
MASTERPIECES OF THEDRAMA
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All the worlds a stage,And all the men and women
merely players;
They have their exits and theirentrances,And one man in his time plays
many parts-Shakespeare, As You Like It
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DRAMA
UNCONSCIOUS DRAMA
-underlie a great deal of human experiences
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THE GREEK CLASSICS
Where the record of drama mainly begins.
Public theatrical performances appear to have
grown out of religious celebrations honoring thedeeds of the gods and heroes.
Choral chants and dancing
As many as three actors were used
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SOPHOCLES AESCHYLUS
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EURIPIDES ARISTOPHANES
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THE MIDDLE AGES
The church discouraged or prohibited dramatic
entertainments
By 15th
century developed sequences of playdramatizing for popular audiences the famous
Biblical stories
Mystery plays- they expounded the mysteries
of the Christian faith
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THE ELIZABETHAN DRAMA
In England in the late 16th & early 17th century
there was a sustained burst of literary activity,
including drama
Fiction, Roman and English history
In 1623, marks the apex of English
Renaissance literature
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CHRISTOPHER MARLOWE BEN JONSON
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SHAKESPEARE
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THE NEO-CLASSICAL FRENCH
DRAMA Parisian upper classes generously supported
yet scrutinized the appearances of neo-
classical dramas
Adhere to the rules and models of Greek and
Roman classics
Also observes the strictest Catholic Morality
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PIERRE CORNEILLE JEAN RACINE
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MOLIERE
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THE MODERN DRAMA
Spread of theaters throughout the important
European cities
In 1880-1930, dramatists often breakingsharply with established customs and
expectations
Rise of independent theaters
Free of official supervision and censorship
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HENRIK IBSEN AUGUST STRINDBERG
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ANTON CHEKHOV GEORGE SHAW
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TYPES OF THEATER
GREEK
- performed by daylight in a large outdoor
amphitheater and in front of a faade thatrepresented a palace or a temple
- actors wore elevated boots to increase
their stature and masks
- the focal area of the amphitheater was a
large orchestra or dancing circle
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MEDIEVAL
- they have been performed on a movable
stage called a pageant- the pageants might be arranged around
the sides of a market place or in an open field
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ELIZABETHAN
- performed in a theater derived from the
plan of an inn that enclosed a sizablecourtyard with a large stage.
- spectators either sat in the surrounding
galleries or stood around the stage- Actors were men and for womens part,
adolescent boys
- middle of 17th century when women
appear as professional actresses in European
theaters
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EXAMPLES OF
THEATERS
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GREEK THEATER
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PAGEANT STAGE
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ELIZABETHAN THEATER
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PROSCENIUM-ARCH THEATER