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Introduction to Mapping
How could you describe the exact location of a dot on a basketball?
It would be just as hard to describe a position on earth without some sort of grid system to give you an exact location.
This grid system is called latitude and longitude.
Latitude Lines
• Labeled using N or S• (N) if located in the northern
hemisphere.• (S) if located in the southern
hemisphere.• RANGE: 0-90 degrees
Latitude Lines
Drawn east to west
Called Parallels
Separate Earth into
northern and southern
hemispheres
Measure north to south
Latitude Lines
0° Equator
90°N North Pole
90°S South Pole
23.5° S Tropic of Capricorn
23.5°N Tropic of Cancer
Latitude Lines
For example: The tropic of cancer is 23.5°N.
What is the range of possible latitude?0° - 90° N
and0° - 90° S
Label north if in northern hemisphere and south if in southern hemisphere.
Longitude Lines
Longitude Lines
Drawn north to south
Called Meridians
Separate Earth into
eastern and western
hemispheres
Measure east to west
• Labeled using E or W• (E) if located in the eastern hemisphere.• (W) if located in the western hemisphere.• RANGE: 0-180 degrees
Longitude Lines
0° Prime Meridian
Longitude lines are curved and meet at the poles.
Latitude and Longitude Lines
We can put latitude and longitude together to find exact locations on earth’s surface.
Example: Milwaukee, Wisconsin
Use latitude to find how far north or south.
Use longitude to find how far west or east.
Latitude is always first.
44°N, 90°W
GPS: Global Positioning System
• A GPS is a Global Positioning System that uses satellites to find exact locations on Earth’s Surface.
• GPS was put into effect by the department of defense for military use, but has now become used by the public.
HURRICANE PLOTTING INFORMATION
A. Hurricanes, Tropical Storms, and Tropical Depressions, form over water.
B. A tropical system is also known as a Cyclone, and a Typhoon.
C. All Cyclones start as tropical depressions then strengthen to tropical storms, then move on to Hurricane status.
D. Hurricane strength is measured using the Saffir-Simpson Scale.
Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale
Category Wind speed
mph
5 ≥156
4 131–155
3 111–130
2 96–110
1 74–95
Additional classifications
Tropicalstorm
39–73
Tropicaldepressi
on
0–38 L
