Basic Computer Course

Introduction to ICT, The Internet &

email service

Dr. Pa Pa Hlaing

Assistant Director

Depart of Technology Promotion and Coordination

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Introduction to ICT

Learning Objective

• Acquire introductory familiarity with

Information and Communication

Technology ( ICT ) and Computer System

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What is ICT?

ICT • Information and Communication Technology

• Technologies that provide access to information through

telecommunications

• New or modern technologies

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Information Technology

• Information Technology (IT) describes any

technology that helps to produce, manipulate, store,

communicate, and/or disseminate information

4

Communication Technology

• Communications Technology refers to how computers, or

any machines, communicate with each other or with people

• the processes of transferring data from one machine to another,

using radio, telephone equipment, fax machines, video, email or

other means

• it helps people communicate more information to more people in

less time with greater accuracy and fewer misunderstanding

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Types of ICT

Traditional:-

• Printed media, books, newspaper, journals, TV, radio etc

Modern:-

• Computer, phones, internet, GPS etc

• Email

• Social Network

• Search Engine

6

Objective and application

Objective:-

• Change the culture

• Improve confidence

• Promote new behaviors

Applications:-

• e-government, e-commerce, e-education, e-health, e-

environment

7

Merits and demerits

Merits:-

• Access of learning resources

• Knowledge sharing

• Wide population cover

Demerits:-

• Cyber security

• Cyber bullying

• Costly infrastructure

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Impact of ICT

Impact of ICT:-

• Faster communication

• Faster information sharing

• Paperless environment

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What is a Computer?

Computer is an

• electronic data processing machine

that

• accepts data and instructions through input unit

and

• processes data and instruction into meaningful

information

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Computer System

• A computer has a monitor, a mouse, a keyboard and a

case that contains other important parts.

• These physical components are called hardware.

• Instructions which are given to hardware are called

software or programs. • These hardware and software together make a computer

system.

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Types of Computer

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Desktops

Laptops

Smart phones

Tablets

• Data processing machine (Mathematical operations,

Comparison, Logical operations)

• Input-Output machine

• Hardware + Software

13

Basic operations of computer system

Input Process Output

Computer hardware

• The physical parts of computers are called hardware and

include elements both inside and outside of the computer.

• All these pieces get wired together on a motherboard

14

Key elements of Hardware

• Central Processing Unit (CPU)

– The brain of a computer

– Determine how fast the computer can make calculations

– Units: * GHz( Giga=109 Hertz)

• Random Access Memory (RAM)

– important factor in a computer’s performance

– RAM stores memory while your computer is running

– When your computer is switched off the RAM is erased

– Unit: * B(Bytes)

15

Check Basic information about your computer system.

Hard Drive

• To save work we need another memory and this is called

the Hard Drive

– The Hard drive is the physical location on which your

computer’s information and data are stored.

– Contains electronic disks on which information is stored in

electronic form

– Unit: * B(Bytes)

16

Ports and peripherals • Peripherals are the external hardware devices that get plugged into

your computer.

17

Computer Components

Printer (output)

Monitor (output)

Speaker (output)

Scanner (input) Mouse

(input)

Keyboard (input)

System unit

(processor, memory…)

Storage devices

(CD-RW, Floppy, Hard disk, zip,…)

Camera (input) Stereo head

(input/output)

Web Camera (input)

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Software

Software is the entire set of programs and procedures

associated with a computer

Software comes in two forms:

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System software:

Operating Systems, Utility Programs

Applications software:

MS-word, PowerPoint, Mozila Firefox

Most operating systems and application programs have a graphical user interface (GUI)

System Software

• Operating System, or “OS,” software, is what lets the

computer run by setting up the overall requirements in

which tasks can be performed.

– Mac OS for Apple

– Unix ,

– Linux

– Microsoft Windows

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Utility Software

• Utility software is system software designed to help to

analyze, configure, optimize or maintain a computer

– Anti-virus, Disk defragmentation, Compression, File managers,

Backup utilities

21

Application Software

• Application Software allows you to do different

kinds of work.

– Word, Excel, PowerPoint, and Paint

22

Computer as a Layered system

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Summary

• ICT

– IT

– CT

• Computer System

– Hardware

– Software

• System software

• Application software

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