Introduction to Engineering Plastic by Georg Fischer

Embed Size (px)

Citation preview

  • 8/7/2019 Introduction to Engineering Plastic by Georg Fischer

    1/16

    'IOMJ?P>ODJI OJ KGN0>DB

    (FPQLOV

    3QOR@QROB LC MI>PQF@P

    4EB O>T J>QBOF>I

    4EB MOLAR@QFLK LC MI>PQF@P

    #I>PPFCF@>QFLK LC MI>PQF@P

    #LJM>OFPLK LC QEBOJLMI>PQF@P QEBOJLPBQP >KA BI>PQLJBOP

    2BIBS>KQ MOLMBOQFBP LC QEBOJLMI>PQF@P

    0OL@BPPFKD LC MI>PQF@P

    0I>PQF@P >KA QEB BKSFOLKJBKQ

  • 8/7/2019 Introduction to Engineering Plastic by Georg Fischer

    2/16

    'IOMJ?P>ODJI OJ KGN&DNOJMT!P B>OIV >P 6FHQLO 2BDK>RIQ PR@@BBABA FK

    MOLAR@FKD MLIVSFKVI@EILOFAB FK > I>?LO>QLOV ?V BUMLPFKD

    SFKVI@EILOFAB QL QEB PRK

    )K &OFQW +I>QQB AFP@LSBOBA QEB CRKA>JBKQ>IP CLO QEB

    MO>@QF@>I MOLAR@QFLK LC 06#

    $ROFKD QEBY7LOIA 7>OY)YMI>PQF@P TEF@E TBOB PQFII KBTE>A QL OBMI>@B LQEBO J>QBOF>IP C>IIFKD FKQL PELOQ PRMMIV

    4EBV TBOB QEBK PLJBQFJBP LSBOPMB@FCFBA TFQE OBPMB@Q QL

    QEBFO >MMIF@>QFLK 4EBOBCLOB MI>PQF@P KBBABA QL ?B

    FJMOLSBA )Q T>P KB@BPP>OV QL P@ORQFKFPB QEB FKQBOK>I

    PQOR@QROB LC QEBPB KBT J>QBOF>IP @ILPBIV

    /KIV FK AFA QEB MOLAR@QFLK LC MI>PQF@P FK >KV

    PFDKFCF@>KQYSLIRJB ?BDFK TEBK QEB KRJBOLRP >MMIF@>QFLK

    MLPPF?FIFQFBP E>A ?BBK OB@LDKFPBA

    1OMP>OPM@ JA KGN

    %QEVIBKB-LKLJBO

    "RQVIBKB-LKLJBO

    Y 0I>PQF@P >OB J>QBOF>IP TEF@E >OB @OB>QBA ?V @EBJF@>I

    @LKSBOPFLK LC K>QRO>I MOLAR@QP LO FK > PVKQEBQF@ J>KKBO

    COLJ LOD>KF@ @LJMLRKAP 4EB J>FK @LJMLKBKQP >OB

    QEB BIBJBKQP >PQF@P >OB >JHKJPI?N

    COLJ TEF@E QEB PFKDIB @LJMLKBKQP LC MI>PQF@P QEB

    PL@>IIBA JLKLJBOP >OB MOLAR@BA

    7-2(%1)1 /0.$3#2).- .& ! #(%,)#!+ #.,/.3-$ &0.,$)&&%0%-2 %+%,%-21 .0 1),/+% ,.+%#3+%1 7-2(%1)1 )1 2(%

    .//.1)2% .& !-!+71)1

    0'!-)# ,%$)! !0% /30% -.-,%2!+1 .& -!230!+

    .##300%-#% % ' /%20.+%3, #.!+ 5..$ -!230!+ '!1

    -.0'!-)# ,%$)! !0% #.,/.3-$1 .& ,%2!+ !-$

    -.-,%2!+1 % ' ,)-%0!+1 .0%1 %2#

    .-.,%01 !0% 2(% "!1)# ,.+%#3+%1 ) % 2(% 1,!++%12

    #.,/.-%-21 .& 5()#(8/+!12)#1 !0% "3)+2

    2C@ MIP CLO QEB J>KRC>@QROB LC MI>PQF@P >OB K>QRO>I

    @LJMLRKAP PR@E >P @BIIRILPB @L>I MBQOLIBRJ >KA

    K>QRO>I D>P )K > OBCFKBOV MBQOLIBRJ FP PBM>O>QBA FKQL

    PBSBO>I @LJMLKBKQP ?V JB>KP LC AFPQFII>QFLK 'OLRMBA

    FKQL BS>MLOFP>QFLK O>KDBP D>P ?BKWBKB MBQOLIBRJ

    D>PBLRP LFI >KA >P > OBPFARB ?FQRJBK >OB L?Q>FKBA

    AROFKD AFPQFII>QFLK

    !II @LJMLKBKQP @LKPFPQ LC EVAOL@>O?LKP TEF@E LKIV AFCCBO

    FK PFWB >KA CLOJ LC QEB JLIB@RIBP 4EB JLPQ FJMLOQ>KQ

    @LJMLKBKQ CLO MI>PQF@P MOLAR@QFLK FP @ORAB ?BKWBKB

    )K > EB>Q @O>@HFKD MOL@BPP QEFP @ORAB ?BKWBKB FP ?OLHBK

    ALTK FKQL BQEVIBKB MOLMVIBKB ?RQVIBKB >KA LQEBO

    EVAOL@>O?LKP >KA FP QEBK JLAFCFBA

  • 8/7/2019 Introduction to Engineering Plastic by Georg Fischer

    3/16

    2C@ KMJ?P>ODJI JA KGN

    ! (B>QFKD

    " 4O>CCF@

    # /QEBO

    $ )KARPQOV

    % #EBJF@>IP

    & FK@I 0I>PQF@P

    0I>PQF@P >OB J>KRC>@QROBA ?VY@LJMLRKAFKD QLDBQEBO

    I>ODB KRJ?BO LC PFJFI>O ?>PF@ @LJMLKBKQP JLKLJBOP

    QEOLRDE @EBJF@>I ?LKAFKD

    4EB MI>PQF@ FKARPQOV LKIV @LKPRJBP >MMOLUFJ>QBIV LC

    QEB MBQOLIBRJ MOLAR@QP LOFDFK>QFKD COLJ OBCFKBOFBP

    )K 'BOJ>KV QEB @EBJF@>I FKARPQOV RPBP >MMOLUFJ>QBIV LC QEB BKQFOB @ORAB LFI @LKPRJMQFLK >KA QEFP

    FK@IRABP CLO MI>PQF@P

    4L MOLAR@B MI>PQF@P QEOBB AFCCBOBKQ MOL@BPPBP >OB RPBA

    0LIVJBOFP>QFLK

    0LIV@LKABKP>QFLK

    0LIV>AAFQFLK

    .JGTH@MDN@OLJLIB@RIB @E>FK 0LIVBQEVIBKB

    0LIVJBOFP>QFLK MOL@BPP %KBODV#>Q>IFPQ !AAFQFSBP

    Y 0LIVJBOFP>QFLK FP QEB JLPQ COBNRBKQIV RPBA MOL@BAROB CLO

    QEB PVKQEBPFP LC MI>PQF@P 0LIVJBOFP>QFLK JB>KP QEB

    IFKFKD RM LC HMJHJG@>PG@ >CO>QFLK

    LC CLOBFDK J>QQBO

    &LO BU>JMIB MLIVBQEVIBKB MLIV?RQBKB MLIVMOLMVIBKB

    MLIVSFKVI@EILOFAB >KA LQEBO MI>PQF@P >OB >II MOLAR@BA ?V

    JB>KP LC MLIVJBOFP>QFLK

    %U>JMIBP

    %QEVIBKB #(

    0LIVBQEVIBKB

  • 8/7/2019 Introduction to Engineering Plastic by Georg Fischer

    4/16

    .JGT>JI?@INQFLK PFJFI>O >KA AFPPFJFI>O

    JLKLJBOP >OB IFKBA RM QL ?B@LJB J>@OLJLIB@RIB

    @E>FKP >Q QEB P>JB QFJB PBM>O>QFKDY> ?V MOLAR@Q BD

    T>QBO EVAOL@EILOF@ >@FA BQ@

    0LIV@LKABKP>QFLK FP >MMIFBA CLO BU>JMIB QL MOLAR@B

    MEBKLIF@ OBPFKP >KA MLIV>JFAP

    .JGT

  • 8/7/2019 Introduction to Engineering Plastic by Georg Fischer

    5/16

    4EBPB CFI>JBKQ>OV JLIB@RIBP @>K ?B >OO>KDBA >P CLIILTP

    K FKLOAFK>QB PQOR@QROB

    LO

    N@HD>MTNO M>OQF>IIV LOAFK>QB PQOR@QROB

    #OVPQ>IIFP>QFLK FP FK@OB>PBA ?V PILT @LLIFKD

    YY

    ! @OVPQ>IIFKB

    " >JLOMELRP

    3BJF@OVPQ>IIFKB QEBOJLMI>PQF@P >OB MLIVLIBCFKBP CLOBU>JMIB

    YY

    !JLOMELRP QEBOJLMI>PQF@P >OB PQVOBKBP >KA SFKVI

    @EILOFABP CLO BU>JMIB

    YY

    .# 0LIVBQEVIBKB

    . 0LIV?RQBKB

    .. 0LIVMOLMVIBKB

    Y .4! 0LIVSFKVI@EILOFAB

    .1 0LIVPQVOBKB

    .! 0LIV@>O?LK>QB

    4EBOJLMI>PQF@P >OB MI>PQF@P TFQE PFJMIB LO ?O>K@EBA

    CFI>JBKQ>OV JLIB@RIBP J>@OLJLIB@RIBP TEF@E E>SB >K

    FKLOAFK>QB LO M>OQF>IIV LOAFK>QB PQOR@QROB 4EBV AFPQLOQ

    AROFKD EB>QFKD JBIQ >KA PLIFAFCV >D>FK LK @LLIFKD 4EFP

    MOL@BPP @>K ?B OBMB>QBA >Q >II QFJBP 4EBV @>K ?B

    MI>PQF@>IIV ABCLOJBA AFPQBKABA >KA OB@LSBOBA $RB QL

    QEBPB MOLMBOQFBP QEBOJLMI>PQF@P >OB PRFQBA CLO

    FKGB@QFLKJLRIAFKD BUQORPFLK >KA CRPFLK

    0I>PQF@ ABCLOJ>QFLK FP QEB MOL@BPPFKD LC > J>QBOF>I ?V

    JB>KP LC BD FKGB@QFLK JLRIAFKD BUQORPFLK BQ@

    $FPQBKPFLK FP QEB ILKDFQRAFK>I LO ILKDFQRAFK>I >KA

    QO>KPSBOP>I PQOBQ@EFKD LC >JLOMELRP JLIB@RIB @E>FKP QL

    FJMOLSB QEB J>QBOF>I MOLMBOQFBP

    4EB OB@LSBOV >?FIFQV FP QEB JBJLOV ?BE>SFLRO LC >

    J>QBOF>I TEBOB QEB J>QBOF>I FP JBIQBA ?V EB>QFKD >KA

    OB@LSBO >D>FK FK QEB LOFDFK>I LOABO AROFKD QEB @LLIFKD

    MEO>PB

  • 8/7/2019 Introduction to Engineering Plastic by Georg Fischer

    6/16

    4BKPFIB PQOBKDQE

    % 3QO>FK

    Y 0LIVLIBCFKBP ?BILKD QL QEB PBJF@OVPQ>IIFKB

    QEBOJLMI>PQF@P DOLRM #LJM>OBA TFQE >JLOMELRP

    QEBOJLMI>PQF@P BD 06#5 06## QEBV PELT IBPP

    QBKPFIB PQOBKDQE E>OAKBPP JBIQFKD QBJMBO>QROB >KA >

    ILTBO % JLARIRP (LTBSBO QEBV BUEF?FQ EFDEBO FJM>@Q

    OBPFPQ>K@B BILKD>QFLK >Q ORMQROB >KA QEBOJ>I BUM>KPFLK

    3BJF@OVPQ>IIFKB QEBOJLMI>PQF@P >OB JLOB PRFQBA CLO

    CRPFLK GLFKQFKD QE>K >JLOMELRP QEBOJLMI>PQF@P TEF@E >OBFAB>I CLO PLISBKQ @BJBKQ GLFKQFKD

    >JLOMELRP PBJF@OVPQ>IIFKB

    3QO>FK

    4 4BJMBO>QROB

    Y

    4EBOJ>I BUM>KPFLK

    4 4BJMBO>QROB

  • 8/7/2019 Introduction to Engineering Plastic by Georg Fischer

    7/16

    2C@MHJN@ON

    "V JB>KP LC > E>OABKBO QEB MLIVJBO @E>FKP LC QEB CIRFA

    >KA PLIFA QEBOJLPBQ OBPFKP >OB @OLPPIFKHBA 4EBOJLPBQP

    TEF@E E>SB ?BBK E>OABKBA FK QEFP T>V @>KKLQ ?B JBIQBA

    CRPBA LO ABCLOJBA

    4EBOJLPBQP >OB KLOJ>IIV OBFKCLO@BA TFQE DI>PP QBUQFIB LO

    @>O?LK CF?OBP >KA LQEBO CFIIFKD J>QBOF>IP

    .$ 0EBKLIF@ OBPFK

    #. %MLUV OBPFK

    3. 0LIVBPQBO OBPFK

    %$) 'I>PP CF?OB MI>PQF@

    !$) #>O?LKCF?OB MI>PQF@

    %$#. 'I>PPCF?OB BMLUV OBPFK

    !$.$ #>O?LKCF?OB MEBKLIF@ OBPFK

    Y

    #GPQLJBOP >OB OR??BOBI>PQF@ MI>PQF@P >IPL @>IIBA

    PVKQEBQF@ @>LRQ@ELR@ )K @LKQO>PQ QL QEBOJLPBQP QEB

    KBQTLOH E>P > I>ODB JBPE TFAQE "V JB>KP LCSRI@>KFP>QFLK >FAP QEB MLIVJBO @E>FKP >OB

    @OLPPIFKHBAY4EB >JLRKQ LC QEB @OLPPIFKHP

    ABQBOJFKBPYQEB E>OAKBPP QEB E>OAKBPP FP FKAF@>QBA FK

    3ELOB ABDOBBP LC E>OAKBPP LC QEB OR??BO

    4EB BI>PQLJBO FP SBOV BI>PQF@ @>K KLQY?B JBIQBA FP KLQ

    CRPF?IB @>K ?B ABCLOJBA ?RQ KLQ OBPE>MBA

    %I>PQLJBOP >OB CLO BU>JMIB

    ,0 .>QRO>I OR??BO

    #."+ %QEVIBKB MOLMVIBKB OR??BO

    !0 #EILOLMOBKB OR??BO

    1' 3FIF@LKB OR??BO

    $.+ &IRLOL@>O?LK OR??BO

    Y

    Y 7FAB JBPEBA ILT @OLPPIFKHBABI>PQLJBO KBQ

  • 8/7/2019 Introduction to Engineering Plastic by Georg Fischer

    8/16

    !JHKIIFKB

    3M>@BKBQ JLIB@RIBP @ILPBJBPEBA

    3M>@BKBQ JLIB@RIBP TFABJBPEBA

    ! 4EBOJLMI>PQF@

    " 4EBOJLPBQ

    # %I>PQLJBO

    2C@MHJKGN OBMB>QBA JBIQFKD

    CRPF?IB

    QEB >JLRKQ LC @OVPQ>IIFQBP ABQBOJFKBP QEB ABKPFQV >KAJB@E>KF@>I MOLMBOQFBP

    RKABO PQOLKD JB@E>KF@>I PQOBPP QEBV QBKA QL @OBBM

    >KA PELT I>PQFKD ABCLOJ>QFLK

    QEB PQOBKDQE S>IRB AB@OB>PBP TFQE FK@OB>PBA EB>QFKD @>K ?B QO>KPCLOJBA >KA ABCLOJBA PBSBO>I QFJBP

    2C@MHJN@ON AL KLQ JBIQ

    @>KKLQ ?B CRPBA

    KRJ?BO LC IFKHP FP AB@FPFSB CLO JB@E>KF@>I MOLMBOQFBP

    @>K ?B ABCLOJBA RKABO JB@E>KF@>I IL>A ?RQ OBD>FK

    QEBFO LOFDFK>I CLOJ >CQBO IL>A FP OBJLSBA

    LKIV ?BE>SB BI>PQF@>IIV FK > OBI>QFSBIV K>OOLT RMMBO

    QBJMBO>QROB O>KDB QEBOBCLOB JLOB EB>Q PQ>?IB

    @>K LKIV ?B ABCLOJBA LK@B

  • 8/7/2019 Introduction to Engineering Plastic by Georg Fischer

    9/16

    #GKKLQ ?B CRPBA

    KRJ?BO LC IFKHP FP AB@FPFSB CLO QEB OR??BO E>OAKBPP

    @>K ?B PQOLKDIV ABCLOJBA RKABO JB@E>KF@>I PQOBPP

    OBJ>FK BI>PQF@ ALTK QL ILT QBJMBO>QROBP

    0@G@QOBA QL @LKSBKQFLK>I J>QBOF>IP MI>PQF@P LCCBO QEBCLIILTFKD DBKBO>I >AS>KQ>DBP

    ILT TBFDEQ

    EFDE BI>PQF@FQV @EBJF@>I OBPFPQ>K@B

    ILT EB>Q @LKAR@QFLK

    PJLLQE PROC>@BP

    GJR ?@INDOT GJR R@DBCO Y 0I>PQF@ Y D@JbYYYYYYYY

    >C@HD>JMMJNDJI GDF@ FIJRI

    AMJH H@OIP IFKH TFQE LUVDBK >KA ORPQ BU@BMQ CLO PQ>FKIBPP

    >KA >@FAPOBPFPQ>KQ PQBBI

    GJR C@JI?P>ODQDOT NHOB MLLO EB>Q @LKAR@QLOP ?RQ DLLA FKPRI>QLOP

    4EBOJ>I @LKAR@QFSFQV0" 7J +

    0% 7J +

    06# 7J +

    GDOOG@ >JI?@INI @LKAR@QFSFQV LC MI>PQF@ IBPP

    @LKABKP>QFLK L@@ROP QE>K TFQE JBQ>I MFMBP

    CDBC @GDOT Y 2BPFPQ>KQ >D>FKPQ FJM>@Q >KA ?BKAFKD PQOBPPBP

    ?O>PFLK OBPFPQ>KQ QE>K

    PQBBI MFMBIFKBP

    G@JII@>ODJIN Y 0I>PQF@P @>K ?B CRPBA PLISBKQ@BJBKQBA >KA

    @LJMOBPPFLK GLFKQBA

    &RPFLK @LKKB@QFLKP >KA PLISBKQ@BJBKQBA GLFKQP @>K

    ?B J>AB TEF@E >OB >?PLIRQBIV IB>HMOLLC TFQELRQ >KV>AAFQFLK>I @LJMLKBKQP

    NHJJOC NPMA@ Y 3JLLQE PROC>@BP BKPROB ILT MOBPPROB ILPPBP >KA KL

    BK@ORPQ>QFLK

    @SKPQF@P OB>@Q JLOB QL QBJMBO>QROB @E>KDBP QE>K

    JBQ>IP 4EB ILKDFQRAFK>I BUM>KPFLK LC MI>PQF@P FP

    >MMOLU QL QFJBP DOB>QBO QE>K QE>Q LC PQBBI

    =@CPQF@P >OB @LJ?RPQF?IB #I>PPFCF@>QFLK FP

    J>AB >@@LOAFKD QL QEB PQ>KA>OA J>QBOF>I CFOB QBPQ

    @G@>OMD>JI?P>ODIB Y .L BIB@QOLIVQF@ @LOOLPFLK

    NPI MPQF@P >OB PBKPFQFSB QL 56 O>VP >KA E>SB QL ?B

    MOLQB@QBA ELTBSBO OBPFPQ>K@B QL TB>QEBOFKD FP DLLA

  • 8/7/2019 Introduction to Engineering Plastic by Georg Fischer

    10/16

    .MJ>@NNDIB JA KGN0I>PQF@P >OB MOL@BPPBA AFCCBOBKQIV ABMBKAFKD LK QEB

    J>QBOF>I >KA >MMIF@>QFLK 3LJB @LJJLK JBQELAP >OB

    %UQORPFLK

    #LJMOBPPFLK JLRIAFKD

    )KGB@QFLK JLRIAFKD

    &L>JFKD

    #SOMPNDJI

    )K QEFP MOL@BPP QEBOJLMI>PQF@ J>QBOF>I FP JBIQBA >KA FP@LKQFKRLRPIV CLO@BA QEOLRDE > QLLI SF> > TLOJ P@OBT

    4EB BUQORABA ?>O FP QEBK @>IF?O>QBA @LLIP ALTK >KA FPTFQEAO>TK SF> > Q>HBLCC RKFQ

    $OFSFKD JLQLO

    ->QBOF>I PRMMIV

    %UQORABO

    0I>PQF@FWFKD TLOJ

    %IB@QOF@ EB>Q PQOFMP

    $FB

    #>IF?O>QFLK ABSF@B

    #LLIFKD Q>KH

    4>HBLCC RKFQ

    'IE@>ODJI HJPG?DIB4EBOJLMI>PQF@ J>QBOF>I FK DO>KRI>O LO MLTABO CLOJ FP

    DO>AR>IIV JBIQBA FK QEB @VIFKABO >KA QEB J>PP FP FKGB@QBA

    ?V JB>KP LC QEB TLOJ P@OBT FKQL > JLRIA RKABO EFDE

    MOBPPROB 4EB MI>PQF@ QEBK PLIFAFCFBP >KA FP BGB@QBA COLJ

    QEB JLRIA >P > CFKFPEBA M>OQ

    (VAO>RIF@ JLRIA @ILPFKD @VIFKABO

    -LRKQFKD MI>QBP CLO ?LQE E>ISBP LC QEB FKGB@QFLK JLRIA

    #VIFKABO TFQE FKGB@QFLK KLWWIB

    %IB@QOF@ @VIFKABO EB>QFKD

    ->QBOF>I @LKSBVLO $OFSFKD JLQLO CLO TLOJ P@OBT

  • 8/7/2019 Introduction to Engineering Plastic by Georg Fischer

    11/16

    )KGB@QFLK

    Y

    %GB@QFLK LC QEB CFKFPEBA M>OQ

    !JHKM@NNDJI HJPG?DIB4EBOJLPBQQFKD J>QBOF>I FP MLROBA FKQL QEB LMBK

    @LJMOBPPFLK JLRIA FK MLTABO CLOJ 5KABO QEB FJM>@Q LC

    QEB JLRIA MOBPPROB >KA EB>Q FQ QEBK @EBJF@>IIV OB>@QP

    >KA PLIFAFCFBP QL QEB ABPFOBA CFKFPEBA M>OQ

    0OBPPROB @VIFKABO

    -LRKQFKD MI>QBP CLO ?LQEE>ISBP LC QEB MOBPPROBJLRIA

    %IB@QOF@ JLRIA EB>QFKD

    YY

    ! &FII FK

    " 0OBPP

    # %GB@QFLK

  • 8/7/2019 Introduction to Engineering Plastic by Georg Fischer

    12/16

    1O@@EFKB

    -LRIA @ILPFKD @VIFKABO

    -LRKQFKD MI>QBP CLO ?LQE JLRIA E>ISBP

    )KGB@QLO QL ?ILT FK QEB MOBCL>JBA J>QBOF>I

    YY 'O>KRI>O MI>PQF@ @LKQ>FKFKD > ?ILTFKD >DBKQ FP FKGB@QBA

    FKQL QEB JLRIA BUM>KABA ?V JB>KP LC ELQ PQB>J @LLIBA

    TFQE T>QBO >KA BGB@QBA COLJ QEB CL>J JLRIA >P >K

    BUQOBJBIV IFDEQ TBFDEQ M>OQ 7>QBO >?PLOMQFLK FP

    FJMLPPF?IB >P >II MLOBP >OB @ILPBA

    &L>JFKD JLRIA

    -LRIA @>SFQV

    )KGB@QLO

    #LJMOBPPBA >FO

    0OBCL>JBA DO>KRI>QBP

    3QB>J

    #LLIFKD T>QBO

    3QB>J KLWWIBP

    #LLIFKD T>QBO LRQIBQ

    .GN II MBO@BKQ>DB LC QEB BKQFOB

    @ORAB LFI RP>DB "RQ @ORAB LFI OBPLRO@BP >OB IFJFQBA

    !IOB>AV QLA>V TB E>SB QL C>II ?>@H RMLK O>T J>QBOF>IP

    TEF@E @>K ?B OB@V@IBA >KA BUQBKA >IQBOK>QFSB BKBODV

    PLRO@BP )K QEFP @LKQBUQ TB Q>IH >?LRQ OBRP>?IB O>T

    J>QBOF>IP

    !II TLOHFKD MOL@BPPBP KBBA BKBODV EB>Q MOBPPROBJLQLO MLTBO )K @LJM>OFPLK TFQE JBQ>IP J>KRC>@QROFKD

    MI>PQF@P OBNRFOBP IBPP BKBODV 4EB MOLAR@QFLK LC AJ

    J>QBOF>I OBNRFOBP >K >JLRKQ LC BKBODV TEF@E FP DFSBK FK

    HFILDO>JP LFI BNRFS>IBKQ MBO IFQOB J>QBOF>I FK QEB @E>OQ

    ?BILT

    ! 0I>PQF@P B D 0%000"06#

    " 3QBBI

    # #LMMBO

    $ !IRJFKFRJ

  • 8/7/2019 Introduction to Engineering Plastic by Georg Fischer

    13/16

    0@>T>GDIB!IQELRDE MI>PQF@P J>HB RM LKIV LCYLFI @LKPRJMQFLK

    QEB @LK@IRPFLK FP QE>Q QEB BKBODV S>IRB LC MI>PQF@ JRPQ ?B

    RPBA 4EBOB >OB QTL MLPPF?FIFQFBP LC OB@V@IFKD

    M@PODGDNJH=PNODJI MOLAR@QFLK LC QEBOJ>I BKBODV

    )K QEB @>PB LC M@PODGDNPQF@ T>PQB FP ?OLRDEQ

    ?>@H QL FQP LOFDFK>I CLOJ FK AFCCBOBKQ MOL@BAROBP

    EVAOLIVPFP MVOLIVPFP OBDO>KRI>QFLK

    !Q '& MOLAR@QFLK T>PQB FP OBDO>KRI>QBA >KA FKQBDO>QBA

    FKQL QEB MOLAR@QFLK MOL@BPP LC MOLAR@QP TFQE ILTBO NR>IFQV

    >KA EVDFBKF@ OBNRFOBJBKQP QE>K QE>Q LC MFMBP >KA CFQQFKDP

    !II OC@MHJKGN >OB M@>T>GQFKD LFI H*HD

    #L>I H*HD

    06#06## H*HD

    0>MBO H*HD

    7LLA H*HD

    $LJBPQF@ T>PQB H*HD

    4EB MOLAR@QFLK LC @LOOLPFSB @LJ?RPQFLK MOLAR@QP FP KLQ

    MLPPF?IB FK QEB @>PB LC MLIVLIBCFKBP 0% 00 0" >KA

    !"3 >P E>ILDBKP B D @EILOFKB >OB JFPPFKD FK QEB

    JLIB@RI>O PQOR@QROB )K QEB @>PB LC 06#5 06## >KA

    06$& PMB@F>I P@OR??FKD QLTBOP >OB FKPQ>IIBA

    0I>PQF@P >P TBII >P LQEBO J>QBOF>IP @>KKLQ ?B

    QO>KPCLOJBA FKQL KLQEFKDYPL ?DNKJNKA

    BKBODV OB@V@I>?IB MI>PQF@P PELRIA ?B MOLJLQBA

  • 8/7/2019 Introduction to Engineering Plastic by Georg Fischer

    14/16

    0@AG@>ODJIN JI KDK@GDI@ RJMF0I>KKFKD >KA FKPQ>II>QFLK LC MFMFKD PVPQBJP FP > QORB

    BKDFKBBOFKD Q>PH KB@BPPFQ>QFKD QEBYLOD>KFP>QFLK LC >

    JRIQFQRAB LC OBNRFOBJBKQP >KA DL>IP &LO MFMFKD

    FKPQ>II>QFLKP PFJMIB @OFQF@>I >KA >DDOBPPFSB JBAF> FK

    B>@E @>PB OBNRFOB PRFQ>?IB J>QBOF>IP 4EB FAB> FP QL

    BPMB@F>IIV @LSBO QEB OBNRFOBJBKQP LC CRK@QFLK>IFQV

    LMBO>QFKD P>CBQV LMQFJ>I PBOSF@B IFCB BKSFOLKJBKQ>I@LKAFQFLKP >KA >ABNR>QB MOLCFQ>?FIFQV )K@IRABA FK QEFP >OB

    LSBO>II B@LILDF@>I QB@EKF@>I >KA B@LKLJF@ >PPBPPJBKQP

    (FDEMBOCLOJ>K@B MI>PQF@P CLO MFMFKD FKPQ>II>QFLKP PR@E

    >P QELPB TEF@EYVLR @>K L?Q>FK COLJ LRO @LJM>KV

    >OBYMOLSBK >KA FJMIBJBKQ>?IB TEBOB PMB@F>I BKARO>K@B

    MOL?IBJP FK @LKKB@QFLK TFQE QEB JBAF> KBBA PLISFKD

    %KSFOLKJBKQ>I MOLQB@QFLK FP >K FJMLOQ>KQ OBPMLKPF?FIFQV

    >CCB@QFKD RP >II %>@E LKB LC RP ?RPFKBPPBP >KA

    FKARPQOF>I @LK@BOKP >IFHB E>SB QL JBBQ QEFP DOB>Q

    @E>IIBKDB 7BY>Q 'BLOD &FP@EBO >@QFSBIV MROPRB QEBPB

    OBPMLKPF?FIFQFBP FK QEB ABSBILMJBKQ LC LRO MOLAR@QP >P

    TBII >P CLO FKSBPQJBKQP FK LRO MOLAR@QFLK C>@FIFQFBP )K

    LRO @LJM>KV T>P AFPQFKDRFPEBA TFQEFK QEB P@LMB LC

    > @LJMBQFQFLK CLO B@LILDF@>IIV PLRKA QB@EKLILDV ?V QEB

    %KSFOLKJBKQ>I 0OLQB@QFLK -FKFPQBO

    /RO J>KRC>@QROFKD MI>KQ FP PVPQBJ>QF@>IIV >K>IVPBA FK

    >@@LOA>K@B TFQE PQOF@Q @OFQBOF> CLO FJMOLSFKD

    BKSFOLKJBKQ>I MOLQB@QFLK >KA RMA>QBA >@@LOAFKDIV )K

    QEFP PB@QLO TB E>SB E>A LRQPQ>KAFKD PR@@BPP TEF@E LRO

    @RPQLJBOP @>K QEBJPBISBP >MMO>FPB LKPFQB

    0LIFQF@>IY>MMOL>@EBP LO LKBPFABA BS>IR>QFLKP LC

    FKAFSFAR>I >PMB@QP LC J>QBOF>IP MOLAR@QP >KA MOL@BPPBP

    CLO MFMFKD FKPQ>II>QFLKP AL KLQ IB>A QL FKQBIIFDBKQ PLIRQFLKP

    /KIV @LJMOBEBKPFSB >KA L?GB@QFSB >P TBII >P

    @LJM>O>QFSB ?>I>K@FKD LC >@@LRKQP @>K ?OFKD RP CLOT>OA

    >Q >KV LKB QFJB )K QEFP OBPMB@Q B@LILDF@>I ?>I>K@B FP

    BPMB@F>IIV RPBCRI

    )K QEB CLIILTFKD TB MOBPBKQ >K B@LILDF@>I ?>I>K@B CLO

    MI>PQF@ MFMFKD FKPQ>II>QFLKP

    #>JGJBD>QBOF>I OBNRFOBJBKQP !MMIF@>QFLKP

    %KBODV OBNRFOBJBKQP 0OLAR@Q RPB

    )JM>@Q LK YYYY EVDFBKF@>IIV P>CB

    YYYY Y>FO YYYYY ILKD PBOSF@B IFCB

    YYYY T>QBO YYYY MOLSBK FK MO>@QF@B

    YYYYY AFPMLP>I YYYY DLLA OB@V@IFKD @E>O>@QBOFPQF@P

    0OLCFQ YYYY EFDE @EBJF@>I OBPFPQ>K@B MOLMBOQFBP

    YYYY B@LKLJF@ YYYY PFJMIB E>KAIFKD

    YYYY QB@EKF@>I YYYY KBDIFDF?IB MFMFKD ILPPBP

    YYYY B@LILDF@>I YYYY @LPQBCCB@QFSB

    )C LKB >K>IVPBP QEB FKAFSFAR>I MLPFQFLKP LC PR@E >K

    B@LILDF@>I ?>I>K@B FQ @>K ?B ABJLKPQO>?IV BPQ>?IFPEBA

    QE>Q MI>PQF@ MFMFKD PVPQBJP >OB KLQ LKIV B@LKLJF@>I ?RQ

    >IPL QB@EKF@>IIV >KA BPMB@F>IIV B@LILDF@>IIV MOLCFQ>?IB

    TEBK @LJM>OBA TFQE LQEBO J>QBOF>I PVPQBJP

    &LIILTFKD J>KV VB>OP LC OBPB>O@E 0OLC 'BLOD -BKDBP

    E>P @LK@IRABA QE>Q#LKPFPQBKQ BKSFOLKJBKQ>I

    MOLQB@QFLK TLRIA FKQOFKPF@>IIV OBNRFOB QE>Q @ORAB LFI ?B CFOPQ

    MOL@BPPBA QL MI>PQF@ CLO RPB >P @LJJLAFQV DLLAP

    TEBOBSBO MLPPF?IB >KA LKIV QEBK ?B >IILTBA QL ?B

    ?ROKBA

    7B E>SB FKELRPB > 06#5 P>JMIB MFMBYQE>Q T>P

    FKPQ>IIBA FK (>J?ROD FK 4EB 06# MFMBP TBOB GLFKBA

    RPFKD ?LKAFKD >DBKQP 4EB PVPQBJ T>P LMBO>QBA >Q QL

    ?>O 4EB J>QBOF>I T>P RPBA QL PRMMIV AOFKHFKD T>QBO QL

    QEB MR?IF@ >KA T>P TFQELRQ BU@BMQFLK PR@@BPPCRI %SBK

    >CQBO QEFP ILKD LMBO>QFLK>I MBOFLA QEBOB T>P KL BSFABK@B

    LC FK@ORPQ>QFLK LO ABMLPFQP

    #ROOBKQIV 06# ?BPFABP MLIVBQEVIBKB FP QEB JLPQFJMLOQ>KQ J>QBOF>I LC @LKPFABO>QFLK TEF@E ?B@>RPB LC FQP

    SBOP>QFIFQV FP KLQ >@EFBSBA ?V >KV LQEBO O>T J>QBOF>I

    0FMFKD @LJMLKBKQP LC 06# E>SB >QQ>FKBA PR@E DOB>Q

    PFDKFCF@>K@B QE>Q KLQ RPFKD QEBJ FK J>KV >MMIF@>QFLKP FP

    KL ILKDBO FJ>DFK>?IB %SBK FK QEB @>PB LC MR?IF@ @OFQF@FPJ

    COLJ S>OFLRP PLRO@BP >PPBOQFLKP >KA C>@QP E>SB ?BBK

    HKLTK QL ABSF>QB DOB>QIV COLJ LKB >KLQEBO

    $ROFKD 06# J>KRC>@QROB MLLI @LK@BKQO>QFLKP LC >II

    A>KDBOLRP FKQBOJBAF>QB MOLAR@QP >OB >?FABA ?V LO LKIVE>KAIBA FK @ILPBA PVPQBJP >IILTFKDYQEB BU@IRPFLK LC

    OFPHP QL BJMILVBBP $ROFKD 06# MOL@BPPFKD >II BCCB@QFSB

    FKARPQOF>I P>CBQV OBDRI>QFLKP >OB @IB>OIV FJMOLSBA RMLK

    >KA TFQE ILTBOBA BKBODV OBNRFOBJBKQP QEB FJM>@Q LK

    QEB BKSFOLKJBKQ FP >AAFQFLK>IIV OBAR@BA /TFKD QL QEBFO

    @EBJF@>I PQ>?FIFQV 06# MOLAR@QP >OB @LJMIBQBIV

    KLKQLUF@ FK KLOJ>I RPB >OB PRFQ>?IB CLO RPB TFQE CLLA

    >KA >OB RPBA FK >MMIF@>QFLKP FKSLISFKD ?ILLA

    @LKPBOS>QFLK >KA AF>IVPFP 4FK FP RPBA >P > PQ>?FIFPBO CLO

    LRO 06# J>QBOF>IP PL QE>Q OFPHP >PPL@F>QBA TFQE EB>SV

    JBQ>IP >OB KLQ > @LKPFABO>QFLK

    )Q FP COBNRBKQIV @I>FJBA QE>Q AROFKD CFOBP >AAFQFLK>IE>W>OAP COLJ 06# BUFPQ CLO QELPB FK QEB FJJBAF>QB >OB>

    )KQBKPFSB CFOB QBPQFKD E>P ?BBK @>OOFBA LRQYTFQE 06#

    "RFIAFKD CFOBP @>K >IPL PBQ CFOB QL QEB AFCCF@RIQQLFDKFQB >KA

  • 8/7/2019 Introduction to Engineering Plastic by Georg Fischer

    15/16

    PBICBUQFKDRFPEFKD 06# 06# ELTBSBO ALBP KLQ

    @LKQOF?RQB QL QEB PMOB>A LC QEB CFOB )K @>PBP LC CFOB QEB

    CRJBP >OB >IT>VP QLUF@ OBD>OAIBPP LC QEB QVMB LC J>QBOF>I

    ?ROKFKD 4EB DOB>QBPQ A>KDBO FK > CFOB >OFPBP COLJ QEB

    MOLAR@QFLK LC EFDEIV MLFPLKLRP @>O?LK JLKLUFAB D>P

    &OLJ >K FKPRO>K@B SFBTMLFKQ 06# FP E>KAIBA FK QEB

    P>JB J>KKBO >P LQEBO @RPQLJ>OV @LKPQOR@QFLK

    J>QBOF>IP $FLUFKPCRO>KP E>SB ?BBK PELTK QL ?B

    MOLAR@BAYFK >II @LJ?RPQFLK MOL@BPPBP 06# @LJMLKBKQP

    E>SB BSBK ?BBK PELTK QL MI>V > PR?LOAFK>QB OLIB

    )C >II QEB MLPFQFLKP LC QEB >?LSB B@LILDF@>I ?>I>K@B >OB

    Q>HBK FKQL >@@LRKQ QEBK QEB @LK@IRPFLK FP QE>Q @ROOBKQIV

    QEBOB >OB KL >@@BMQ>?IB PR?PQFQRQFLKP CLO 06# MFMFKD

    FKPQ>II>QFLKP 06# >KA QEB LQEBO EFDEMBOCLOJ>K@B

    MI>PQF@P E>SB J>KV MLPFQFSB >KA CBT @OFQF@>I

    @E>O>@QBOFPQF@P COLJ >K B@LILDF@>I SFBTMLFKQ )C VLR TLRIA

    IFHB JLOB FKCLOJ>QFLK >?LRQ QEBPB @LKPFABO>QFLKP LRO

    PMB@F>IFPQP TLRIA ?B E>MMV QL ?B LC PBOSF@B QL VLR

    0@>T>GDIB KJNND=DGDOD@N

  • 8/7/2019 Introduction to Engineering Plastic by Georg Fischer

    16/16