Introduction to Energy Management. Week/Lesson 12 Advanced Technology for Effective Facility Control

Introduction to Energy Management

Week/Lesson 12

Advanced Technology for Effective Facility Control


After completing this chapter, you will be able to: Explain how facility management systems have

evolved State the differences between newer and older

technology

Relate energy management features to energy conservation

Understand, in concept, the wide range of computer software, hardware and firmware

Describe how information management features benefit the facility manager and staff


Facility Management Systems (FMS)Computerized building automation systems

· Increase staff productivity· Reduce the structure’s energy consumption· Identify maintenance needs· Manage information


Integrated control – distributed networks Older systems• Headend communicates with remote field gear• Headend – monitors and controls processes• Field gear – sends signals to headend


Integrated control – distributed networks Newer systems• Direct digital control (DDC) panels• Compatible with sensors and actuators• Can interface with headends• Can operate independently


Integrated control – distributed networks DDC panels• Custom programmed for individual needs• Multi-task devices• Network Control Units (NCU)• Network Expansion Unit (NEU)


Communication between network devices· Coaxial cable/twisted-shielded pair· Fiber optic cable· Dedicated leased phone lines· Building electric or telephone wiring


Small building systems Less sophisticated systems are usually desired• Smaller building or structure• Potential energy savings are small• Staff cannot devote time to learning the system


Large facility systems More equipment can be monitored Greater distance requirements Flexible programming Sophisticated data reporting Multiple operators


Features for optimal control Improve building efficiency Reduce electricity and power usage Managing HVAC and computer equipment Managing electric usage (timing)


Optimal Run Time (ORT) Combine optimal start/stop times

· Optimal start timeTurning equipment on at the last possible

momentComfort is not sacrificed

· Optimal stop time (may not be permitted)


Load rolling Turns equipment off for short periods of time Reduces overall energy consumption Minimum on/minimum off times Only shed expendable loads Do not shed deferrable loads


Demand limiting Monitors electrical consumption Sheds loads in order to balance consumption Balanced consumption lower bills Total consumption + rate of consumption


Economizer switchover Chooses between outside and return air• Dry bulb temperature method• Enthalpy switchover – complex but accurate • Floating switchover


Supply Air Reset (SAR) Monitors heating and cooling loads Adjusts the discharge air temperature Highest possible cooling air temperature Lowest possible heating air temperature


Supply water reset (chilled or hot water) Selects highest possible water temperature

(cooling) Selects lowest possible water temperature

(heating) Comfort is not sacrificed


Condenser water reset Lowers water to its lowest possible temperature Determined by• Wet bulb temperature of entering air• Cooling load on the chiller


Chiller sequencing Chillers run within their efficiency ranges Chillers cycle on and off as needed Chiller run time is also considered• Allows for even usage of equipment• Prolongs useful life of equipment


Information management features Summaries• Detailed information• Specific aspects of the facility

Password • Provides security• Limited or restricted access


Alarm reporting• Records abnormal activity• Set off audible/message alarm

Time scheduling• Program events• Light/equipment schedules


Trending • Records events at time intervals• How areas are effected by processes

Totalization – records the number of times an event occurred

Graphics – provide visual representation


Documents

Introduction to Energy Management. Week/Lesson 12 Advanced Technology for Effective Facility Control