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Five Stage Electronic Design and Fabrication Process
Design Stage
Drawing Stage
Experimentation
Prototyping Stage
Testing / Troubleshooting / Final Documentation
Electronic Project Design and Fabrication 4th edition, Ronald Reis ( page 7)
Design StageConcept and Requirements are defined.
System diagram, initial schematic and initial packaging drawing are produced.
Electronic Project Design and Fabrication 4th edition, Ronald Reis (page 8 and Chap 3)
Drawing StageWorking schematic produced.
Computer testing (were appropriate) is completed.
Electronic Project Design and Fabrication 4th edition, Ronald Reis (page 8 and Chap 4)
Experimentation StageCircuit is bread boarded and/or wire
wrapped and tested.Results from testing are documented.Modifications to circuit are corrected on
schematics.
Electronic Project Design and Fabrication 4th edition, Ronald Reis (page 8 and Chap 6)
Prototyping StagePCB artwork rendered.
First PCB made and components mounted.
Final package drawing.
Electronic Project Design and Fabrication 4th edition, Ronald Reis (page 8 and Chap 7, 8 and 9)
Testing, Troubleshooting and Final Documentation
Test results documented.
Final drawing set produced.
Working prototype completed.
User instruction document produced.Electronic Project Design and Fabrication 4th edition, Ronald Reis (page 8 and Chap 8 and 10)
Technology Analog Digital
CMOS TTL
Programmable Logic Micro-controller Microprocessor DSP Mixed solution
Power SourceBatteryWall TransformerDual SupplyBuilt in Power Supply
Hint: To determine whether a battery is practical for a project, calculate the current draw of the project and compare to the battery’s Amp Hour Ratting.
Environment
Temperature
Humidity
Moisture
Vibration
Dust and Dirt
Electromagnetic and Electrostatic Conditions
Environmental factors that should be considered while designing a project. These factors include:
Electronic ComponentsParts should be readily availableCost of componentsSurface Mount vs Insertion MountPackage typeRatings of components
Heat sinks required? Special mounting requirements?
Other ConsiderationsCostEase of assemblyEase of maintenanceSize of completed deviceUser interface and ergonomicsSpecial tools or equipment required for
assembly
StandardsProjects should conform to pre-existing
standards. For example:
Audio projects should have jacks compatible with existing headphones.
Computer projects should conform to RS-232, USB, PCMCIA, Parallel Port ….
Equipment for industrial control should conform to Current Loop, HART…..
Safety of ProjectDoes the completed project meet all
state and federal laws.Potential shock, burn, fire or other
hazards.
Underwriters Laboratories Inc. (UL)Conformite Europeenne (CE)
Concepts and Requirements Document
This document should answer the following questions: Why should the project be undertaken? What are the design requirements? How are those requirements going to be
met? Who will do what when?
Electronic Project Design and Fabrication 4th edition, Ronald Reis (pages 53-54)
Design DrawingsSystem Diagram – a block diagram
illustrating the functional units that make up the system.
Initial Schematic – a rough drawing of all circuits in the system.
Packaging Plan – a sketch showing what the final product might look like.
Electronic Project Design and Fabrication 4th edition, Ronald Reis (page 54)
Electronic Component Function
Electronic components can be classified into passive or active components.
Passive components: A component that does not create or amplify energy. The components also help active components carry out their function. Examples: Resistors, Capacitors and inductors.
Active components: A component that is capable of controlling voltages or currents to produce gain or switching action in a circuit. Examples: Vacuum Tubes, Transistors, IC’s, Microprocessors.
Electronic Project Design and Fabrication 4th edition, Ronald Reis (page 45)