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Introduction to Cryptography Lecture 1

Introduction to Cryptography

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Introduction to Cryptography. Lecture 1. History of Cryptography. Some examples of “ very old” ciphers Modified Hieroglyphics c. 1900 b.c. Atbash, c. 500 b.c. Spartan Scytale, c. 500 b.c. Caesar Cipher, c. 50 b.c. Idea Behind. Is sending the message secure?. Spy. message. Alice. Bob. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: Introduction to Cryptography

Introduction to Cryptography

Lecture 1

Page 2: Introduction to Cryptography

History of Cryptography

Some examples of “ very old” ciphers Modified Hieroglyphics c. 1900 b.c. Atbash, c. 500 b.c. Spartan Scytale, c. 500 b.c. Caesar Cipher, c. 50 b.c

Page 3: Introduction to Cryptography

Alice Bob

message

Spy

Is sending the message secure?

Idea Behind

Page 4: Introduction to Cryptography

Alice wants to send message to Bob They share a cipher Alice encrypt the message Bob decrypt/decipher the message

Idea Behind

Page 5: Introduction to Cryptography

Atbash

Kh I T Ch Z V H D G B A

א ב ג ד ה ו ז ח ט י כ

ת ש ר ק צ פ ע ס נ מ ל L M N S O P Tz Q R Sh TH Use the Atbash cipher to שלומ – Shalom Shalom mean “Hi” in Hebrow

Page 6: Introduction to Cryptography

Spartan Scytale Wrap a thin strip of parchment helically

about a cylindrical rod Write the message line by line Remove the rod and send it

Page 7: Introduction to Cryptography

Alberti’s Cipher Disk The inner wheel can be turn Agree on a letter, for example – b Agree on number, for example - 6 Start by giving the corresponding letter - e Encrypt message Change cipher after

6 letters

Page 8: Introduction to Cryptography

Example: Agree on letter b, number 8.

Message: Secret message

YpbzobqjbZqqyec

Turn the wheel one

step to the right

Alberti’s Cipher Disk

Page 9: Introduction to Cryptography

Homework

Read Section 1.1. Exercises: 2, 4, 8(Use the wheel in the

book) on pg.32-34. Those questions will be a part of your

collected homework.

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