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Introduction to BSL Introduction to BSL LinguisticsLinguistics
Gary L TaylorGary L Taylor
What is BSL Linguistics?What is BSL Linguistics?
What is & What is not BSL?What is & What is not BSL?Iconicity Iconicity CompoundsCompoundsVerbsVerbsClassifiers – SASSClassifiers – SASSFingerspellingFingerspellingRegional Sign VariationsRegional Sign VariationsBorrowing & Name SignsBorrowing & Name Signs
What is BSL?What is BSL?BSL is not a word for word translation in BSL is not a word for word translation in EnglishEnglish
BSL is a visual language which uses BSL is a visual language which uses handshapes, facial expression to express handshapes, facial expression to express meaningmeaning
It has its own Rules & GrammarIt has its own Rules & Grammar
BSL has regional variations, just as spoken BSL has regional variations, just as spoken English has accents and local dialectsEnglish has accents and local dialects
Fingerspelling is part of BSLFingerspelling is part of BSL
What is NOT BSL?What is NOT BSL?
Cued SpeechCued Speech
Paget Gorman SignsPaget Gorman Signs
MakatonMakaton
Signed English (SE)Signed English (SE)
Signed Support English (SSE)Signed Support English (SSE)
LanguageLanguage
English
Spoken Listening
ReadingWriting
One form Primary
One Form Secondary
One Language
LanguageLanguage
BSL
Production Receptive
One form Primary
One Language
Borrow English
Reading Writing (English)
One form Secondary
One Language
Two Language
ICONICITY (VISUAL ICONICITY (VISUAL MOTIVATIONMOTIVATION
HIGH - transparent, show full picture that reduced in HIGH - transparent, show full picture that reduced in scale of actual object or thing that is being copied in scale of actual object or thing that is being copied in shape e.g. TREE, DRINKshape e.g. TREE, DRINK
LESS - have explanation for signs but not very obvious LESS - have explanation for signs but not very obvious e.g. HOUSE, TENNISe.g. HOUSE, TENNIS
ARBITRARY (OR ABSTRACT) - no explanation for signs ARBITRARY (OR ABSTRACT) - no explanation for signs and not very obvious i.e. no reason and unknown for and not very obvious i.e. no reason and unknown for signs with no picture or link e.g. WHY, SISTERsigns with no picture or link e.g. WHY, SISTER
Group work – find 5 examples each?Group work – find 5 examples each?
COMPOUNDSCOMPOUNDS
2 different signs have their own meaning 2 different signs have their own meaning that form a new sign with different that form a new sign with different meaningmeaningSEQUENCE - 2 signs are used one after SEQUENCE - 2 signs are used one after the other in order e.g. TENNIS, BLOOD, the other in order e.g. TENNIS, BLOOD, PEOPLE.PEOPLE.SIMULTANEOUS - 2 signs are used at the SIMULTANEOUS - 2 signs are used at the same time e.g. FAX, PARACHUTE, same time e.g. FAX, PARACHUTE, PRISON.PRISON.
COMPOUNDSCOMPOUNDS
MINICOMMINICOM
BELIEVEBELIEVE
PARENTSPARENTS
MAINSTREAMMAINSTREAM
INTERVIEWINTERVIEW
REMEMBERREMEMBER
EXPERIENCEEXPERIENCE
Group work - pick which the above are sequence or Group work - pick which the above are sequence or simultaneous? simultaneous?
VERBSVERBS
NOUN - name of a thing or objectNOUN - name of a thing or object
VERB - actionVERB - action
NOUN - CAR, BOOK, FOOD, BROOMNOUN - CAR, BOOK, FOOD, BROOM
VERB – DRIVE, READ, EAT, SWEEPVERB – DRIVE, READ, EAT, SWEEP
CLASSIFIERSCLASSIFIERS
Copy exact sign and reduce in size in Copy exact sign and reduce in size in
location space. Signs represent things location space. Signs represent things
and objects.and objects.
Handshapes: PERSON, PEOPLE, BALLHandshapes: PERSON, PEOPLE, BALL
Handling / Grasping: PRAM, WRITE, BRUSHHandling / Grasping: PRAM, WRITE, BRUSH
Group work – find 5 more examples?Group work – find 5 more examples?
FINGERSPELLING (3 GROUPS)FINGERSPELLING (3 GROUPS)
Fingerspelling Signs: APRIL, BRAZIL, Fingerspelling Signs: APRIL, BRAZIL, EDINBURGHEDINBURGH
Fingerspelling pattern: JOB, CLUB, BUS, NEWSFingerspelling pattern: JOB, CLUB, BUS, NEWS
Fingerspelling Initialised (first letter):Fingerspelling Initialised (first letter): Tapped Twice (same letter) - KITCHEN Tapped Twice (same letter) - KITCHEN MOTHER, YELLOWMOTHER, YELLOW
FINGERSPELLING (3 GROUPS)FINGERSPELLING (3 GROUPS)
Circular - CLASS, VIDEO, GREY Circular - CLASS, VIDEO, GREY
Movement to or from Body COMMUNICATION, Movement to or from Body COMMUNICATION,
CONVERSATIONCONVERSATION
On the BodyOn the Body - - CONFIDENT, COMFORTABLECONFIDENT, COMFORTABLE
Group work - find 5 examples each?Group work - find 5 examples each?
REGIONAL SIGN VARIATIONSREGIONAL SIGN VARIATIONS(RSV)(RSV)
Social ClassSocial Class
AgeAge
Men & WomanMen & Woman
Ethnic groupEthnic group
Religion groupsReligion groups
Group work – Is there are Regional Sign Variation?Group work – Is there are Regional Sign Variation?
REGIONAL SIGN VARIATIONSREGIONAL SIGN VARIATIONS(RSV)(RSV)
Numbers & MoneyNumbers & MoneyColoursColoursClothesClothesDay of the weekDay of the weekFamilyFamilyPeople, Man, Woman, News, BirthdayPeople, Man, Woman, News, Birthday
Group work – Why there are Regional Sign Variations? Group work – Why there are Regional Sign Variations? Deaf School (& residential), Deaf Clubs and Deaf Deaf School (& residential), Deaf Clubs and Deaf
Families (Generation) Families (Generation)
Borrowing SignsBorrowing Signs
Loans into BSL from other language:Loans into BSL from other language:
I LOVE YOU, WOW, OK, ATTITUDEI LOVE YOU, WOW, OK, ATTITUDE
Loans Translations: ICELAND, GREENLANDLoans Translations: ICELAND, GREENLAND
Fingerspelling Loans: CONFIDENCE, Fingerspelling Loans: CONFIDENCE, DAUGHTERDAUGHTER
11stst letter Fingerspelling: Recommend, Proposal letter Fingerspelling: Recommend, Proposal
Find – 5 examples of borrowing signs & fingerspelling?Find – 5 examples of borrowing signs & fingerspelling?
Name SignsName Signs
Brand Names: Audi, Renault, ArsenalBrand Names: Audi, Renault, Arsenal
Places: Blackpool, Paris, SydneyPlaces: Blackpool, Paris, Sydney
Personal Names Signs: Nos.., Deaf Personal Names Signs: Nos.., Deaf School, Physical Character.School, Physical Character.
Name Signs (Personal Names)Name Signs (Personal Names)
School NumbersSchool Numbers
Physical Character - distinguishing featuresPhysical Character - distinguishing features
Character trait - temper, obsessionCharacter trait - temper, obsession
Personal Information - person from other country Personal Information - person from other country or specific job, hobbyor specific job, hobby
Loan Translation - Kay, Mr Rice, FloraLoan Translation - Kay, Mr Rice, Flora
First / Second name - Alex, Margaret, YoungFirst / Second name - Alex, Margaret, Young
Fixed names - Carpenter, Wood, Brown, Green Fixed names - Carpenter, Wood, Brown, Green
Group work – find 3 examples each?Group work – find 3 examples each?
Glossary of TermsGlossary of Terms
AccentAccent
AccuracyAccuracy
AdverbsAdverbs
AffirmationAffirmation
AmbiguitiesAmbiguities
AspectAspect
AuxiliariesAuxiliaries
Aspectual ModelAspectual Model
BasicBasic
BuoysBuoys
ClassifierClassifier
CohesionCohesion
Colloquial(-ism)Colloquial(-ism)
ComplexComplex
CompoundCompound
ConditionalConditional
Glossary of TermsGlossary of Terms
ConventionConvention
ContextContext
DialectDialect
Discourse CohesionDiscourse Cohesion
MarkersMarkers
EnumeratingEnumerating
EvaluateEvaluate
EverydayEveryday
ExpressionsExpressions
ExtractExtract
FamiliarFamiliar
FluencyFluency
FormatFormat
GistGist
GrammarGrammar
IdiomIdiom
Glossary of TermsGlossary of Terms
ImperativeImperative
InfinitiveInfinitive
Intonation or prosodyIntonation or prosody
InterrogativeInterrogative
LexiconLexicon
FrozenFrozen
ProductiveProductive
ManipulateManipulate
ModificationModification
ModulationModulation
NegativeNegative
NuanceNuance
PhaticPhatic
PhrasePhrase
PositivePositive
PresentationPresentation
Glossary of TermsGlossary of Terms
ProformProform
PronounPronoun
PronunciationPronunciation
RegisterRegister
Role shiftRole shift
RoutineRoutine
ScanScan
SentenceSentence
SettingSetting
SimpleSimple
SimultaneitySimultaneity
SituationSituation
SpeedSpeed
SpecifierSpecifier
StructuresStructures
StyleStyle
Why is BSL Linguistics important to Why is BSL Linguistics important to teaching BSL?teaching BSL?
2 aims:2 aims:To describe language as fully as possibleTo describe language as fully as possibleTo ask why language are the way they areTo ask why language are the way they are
Who needs to know the Linguistics of BSL?Who needs to know the Linguistics of BSL?Learners: they can learn it better and can Learners: they can learn it better and can compare the language they know the language compare the language they know the language they are learningthey are learningTeacher: Teacher: they can explain when and why they can explain when and why something a learner signs is wrong and how to something a learner signs is wrong and how to sign it right sign it right