Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
INTRODUCTION TO ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
APOLOGIA ADVANCED BIOLOGY: THE HUMAN BODY
CHECK OUT THE ENGRADE CLASS WEBSITE FOR SEMESTER INFORMATION!
WELCOME TO THE HUMAN BODY!• Required Supplies: Advanced Biology: Human Body, 2nd Edition textbook and Advanced
Biology: Student Notebook (The Kaplan Coloring book is not required.)
• The Syllabus is a guide. It includes all the assignments for the week; you can complete the work as you see fit. Keep in mind that the due dates for assignments and exams DO NOT change.
• Semester Grades are located on Engrade. Keep in mind that every assignment should be turned in on the due date. Assignments will not be accepted if they are more than one week late.
• Grade Categories: Closed Book Tests will be on Engrade.
The Daily Work grade consists of “On Your Own” questions, “Study Guide” questions, and videos. These will not be turned in but signed off by the parents upon completion on a Homework Assignment Sheet (HAS) which is emailed on Friday afternoons.
Vocabulary Quizzes will be given in class. The lowest grade will be dropped.
Lab grade will consist of virtual experiments and in-class experiments.
One small project will be completed each semester. Participation in science fair is optional.
INTRODUCTION TO ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY• What is the difference between Anatomy and Physiology?
• Know the difference between developmental, surface, regional, gross, systemic and, comparative anatomies.
An organ system is a group of organs that
work together to perform related
functions.
Can you identify the different systems and
its function?
An organ is a group of tissues specialized for a
particular function.
Can you name an organ in each system?
ELEVEN ORGAN SYSTEMS
Connective tissue mainly serves as structure and support, often connecting two other types of tissue to each other.
Epithelial tissue acts as an interface between the body and world. It can filter, absorb, diffuse, and is also involved in sensory perception and bodily secretions.
Muscle tissue gives rise to the muscles’ ability to contract.
Nervous tissue has the ability to conduct electrical signals.
TISSUES
Take a look at the seven levels of organization on page 8.
MAINTAINING BALANCE
What is the difference between an effector and a receptor?
- Control mechanism where homeostasis is maintained by
regulations of organ systems. It reverses the original stress.
The control center can be either the CNS or endocrine system.
THE CELL
• Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins.
Catalysts speed up reactions.
Hormones are chemical messengers.
Antibodies fight infections.
• Protein synthesis occurs in two steps.
Transcription involves coping the needed section of DNA. The copy is called messenger RNA.
Translation is where transfer RNA brings the needed amino acids.
• DNA contains four nucleotides. They are arranged in groups of three to form a gene.
PROTEIN SYNTHESIS
MITOSISLet’s look at figure 1.9 on page 20. Do you know what happens during each stage?
PLASMA MEMBRANE
What does a membrane do for the cell?Holds the cell together
Controls what goes in and out with selective permeability
Assists in communication with its environment
Glycoproteins are used for identification.
Glycolipids provide structural support.
Cholesterol gives the membrane firmness.
Receptor proteins receive messages from other cells.
Selective permeability depends or works due to the three factors.
Nonpolar dissolves nonpolar where as polar dissolves polar
Molecule size
Ionic charge
Mediated transport works under three particular conditions.
Specificity
Competition
Saturation
PLASMA MEMBRANE
The two main types of transport is passive transport
and active transport.
TRY to remember that Active transport requires ATP which is
energy. It goes against the concentration gradient.
TYPES OF TRANSPORT
ACTIVE TRANSPORTEndocytosis is a process by which large molecules are taken into the cell.
Phagocytosis
Pinocytosis
Exocytosis is a transportation of material from inside the cell to outside the cell using vesicles. (secretion)
