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Introduction to Alternative Heating Systems
South West Chicken Association, April 2013
Agenda
April 2013
IntroductionChallenges Facing IndustryConventional HeatingHot Water Heating SystemsOptimal VentilationFuel Types
Agenda
April 2013
IntroductionChallenges Facing IndustryConventional HeatingHot Water Heating SystemsOptimal VentilationFuel Types
Heat & Power Intensive
Challenges to the Industry
April 2013
Challenges to the Industry
April 2013
Source: USDA
Challenges to the Industry
Growers vulnerable to wide variation in energy prices and usage.
November 2012
Challenges to the Industry
Increasing environmental constraints add costs E.g. Nitrates Directive restricts land application of manures.
April 2013
Challenges to the Industry
Increasing restriction on anti-microbial useProviding an optimum house environment is critical in supporting bird’s immune system
April 2013
Agenda
April 2013
IntroductionChallenges Facing IndustryConventional HeatingHot Water Heating SystemsOptimal VentilationFuel Types
First, and Most Importantly
April 2013
Regardless of heating method……. houses should be well insulated and “Tight”
Kind permission of Mike Czarick, UGA
100% 5°C
10°C70%
15°C50%
25°C25%
Conventional Heating
April 2013
Tried and trusted technologyRelative cheap to install and maintain“Responsive” form of heat
Conventional House Heating
Conventional LPG heating produces water as a by-product. (1 litre LPG = 0.8L Water)
November 2012
C3H8 + 5 O2 → 3 CO2 + 4 H2O
PropaneCarbon
DioxideWaterOxygen
Ventilation increases by a third simply to remove moisture created by LPG combustion!
Agenda
April 2013
IntroductionChallenges Facing IndustryConventional HeatingHot Water Heating SystemsOptimal VentilationFuel Types
Alternative Heating Systems
There are basically two types of alternative heating systems (do not burn propane/natural gas)
April 2013 Kind permission of Mike Czarick, UGA
–Hot air systems–Hydronic (Hot Water)
systems
Water Heating Systems
There are typically four different types of heat exchangers used in Hydronic Systems:–Black Steel Pipes–Finned Tubes–Radiator Fans–Under Floor Heating
April 2013 Kind permission of Mike Czarick, UGA
Black Steel Pipe
April 2013 Kind permission of Mike Czarick, UGA
Thermal image of hot water pipes
April 2013 Kind permission of Mike Czarick, UGA
32°C
Finned tubes
Finned tube– More surface area– More heating
produced per metre
– Less pipe required
April 2013 Kind permission of Mike Czarick, UGA
Finned tubesTraditionally installed in vicinity of air inlets, warming cold incoming air.
April 2013 Kind permission of Mike Czarick, UGA
Finned tubes
Located on ceilingnear air inlets
April 2013 Kind permission of Mike Czarick, UGA
Individual Radiators with Fans
Individual radiators with blower fans– Lower cost
option– Similar to forced
air furnaces but air produced is not as hot.
November 2012 Kind permission of Mike Czarick, UGA
Radiator fan located next to ceiling
April 2013 Kind permission of Mike Czarick, UGA
Suspended from Ceiling
April 2013
Floor heating systems
Concrete floor with pipes running through it
April 2013 Kind permission of Mike Czarick, UGA
Thermal images of floor
April 2013
70.0°F
100.0°F
80
90
100
70.0°F
100.0°F
80
90
100
70.0°F
100.0°F
80
90
100
Floor Heating Systems
Floor heating:– Primarily designed to provide background heat– Tends to have a very slow response time
Yes, the litter tends to be dry but this tends to be true with any hydronic systemNot a very common type hydronic heating system – cost
April 2013 Kind permission of Mike Czarick, UGA
Agenda
April 2013
IntroductionChallenges Facing IndustryConventional HeatingHot Water Heating SystemsOptimal VentilationFuel Types
Bhsl FBC
The only farm sized technology guaranteedto work with Poultry Manure as a fuel.
November 2012
Optimal Ventilation
April 2013
A clean source of abundant heat to optimise environmental conditions
A departure from a “Minimum” ventilation strategy
Relative Humidity is Key
April 2013
Bird Benefits
5 point improvement in FCR20 point improvement in EPEF50% reduction in Pododermatitis25% reduction in Hock Burn
April 2013
Pododermatitis
April 2013
Grower Benefits
Reduction in LPG used
Renewable Heating Incentive (RHI)
Security of Energy Supply
Ash Sales (Rich in Phosphorus and potash*)
Cost Certainty
Easier Litter Management
Improved Working Conditions
April 2013 *utilising poultry manure
Environment BenefitsCreates a sustainable alternative to land applicationNutrients are more readily recycled as AshLower Carbon FootprintLess Ammonia created
at source
April 2013
Agenda
April 2013
IntroductionChallenges Facing IndustryConventional HeatingHot Water Heating SystemsOptimal VentilationFuel Types
Fuel Types
April 2013
In energy terms Pellets are now the same cost as LPG and the cost of Dry Woodchip (30% Moisture) has increased to approx. £110/tonne.
Current cheapest available fuel is Wet Woodchip at approx. £38/tonne.
A number of biomass fuels are available
20 Year Fuel Comparison*
* Example 6 House Farm
Which Fuel?
April 2013
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
£0
£50,000
£100,000
£150,000
£200,000
£250,000
£300,000
£350,000
£400,000
£450,000
Wet Woodchip for 20 years saves nearly £3.3m compared to LPG and is £1.9m less than Dry Woodchip.
20 Year Fuel Costs on 350k Bird Farm*
The ideal is to use Poultry Manure and Save nearly £5m over LPG.
*based on annual 150 kW/ m²
Thank you for your time
Any Questions?
April 2013
