INTRODUCTION

The knowledge of Ayurveda was handed down from

Brahma to Daksha prajapati, onto the Ashwin twins (the devine

doctors), then passed to Indra, sage Bharavaja volunteered to go

to heaven to receive this wisdom from Indra and so became the

first human to receive the knowledge of Ayurveda. He passed

to Atreya, then onto Punarvashu and finally Agnivesha.

The practice of Ayurveda & Traditional medicine is based

on the theory, belief and experiences indigenous to different

culture. As the global interest in natural heading grows more

and more people are turning to Ayurveda & Traditional herbal

remedies for relief pain and diseases. As this "germ wave"

again dispels all over the world, investigational of its

legitimacy have increased. There is increasing awareness of

the value of traditional medicine and bio-diversity resources as

economic and tradable commodities.

Ayurveda, the indigenous system of medicine of this sub-

continent dating back to the vedic age (1500-800 B.C.) has been

an integral part of our culture. The term comes from the

Sanskrit root, Ayu (= life) Veda

(= knowledge). Ayurveda deals with life in its totality. It

concerns not only the body but the mind and soul. The body,

mind and soul are the 3 limbs upon which the three-

dimensional therapy of Ayurveda - the physical, mental and

spiritual-stands. Ayurveda has a holistic view of life and

health care properties perfect health can only be achieved

when the body, mind and soul are in harmony with each other

and the cosmic surroundings.

Ayurveda has eight angas and twelve vibhagas. Among 12

bhivagas, dravyaguna vigyan is one of the most important

vibhagas. The development of Dravyaguna vigyan is carried out

from vedic period to samhita period (vrinatri), Nighantu-period

& modern age. In vedic period, there is found the name of

medicinal plants, also the properties and actions of the medicinal

plants.

There are description of 67 medicinal plant in Rigveda,

81 in Ajurveda and 289 medicinal plants in Atharveda. In

upnisnads and purans. Somewhere brief & somewhere detailed

description is found.

In ancient time, dravyaguna vigyan was separately

described in Nighantu. In those Nighantu, dravyas were

introduced by their synonyms such Nighantus are Aastang

Nighantu, Paryay Ratmala, Hridya-dipak. After that

Nighantus like Bhavprakash Nighantu, Aastang Nighantu,

Madanpal Nighantu, Dhanvantri Nighantu etc. in which Gunas

(properties) and Karma (actions) was began to describe.

Nighantu of middle aged are Indra-Nighantu, Dravyaguna

Sangrah etc. Raj-Nighantu, Chandra-Nighantu, Shivkoshi

Saligram Nighantu are Nighantus of modern age.

The Himalayan kingdom Nepal is endowed with rich

flora due to the presence of wide range of geographical and

climatic conditions. The floral diversity comprises about 6000

species of flowering plants, 380 species of pteridophytes, 1037

species of Bryophytes, 465 species of lichens, 687 species of

Algae and over 1600 species of fungi (JADAN 2059). Among

them a large number of species have medicinal and aromatic

properties and are under use since time immemorial under

different traditional systems including Ayurveda, Homeopathy

and Tibetian. Besides these, a large number of species are in use

in remote area of folklore medicines. The country in rich not

only in medicinal and aromatic plant resources but also consists

a wide range of traditional medical knowledge due to its

cultural and ethnic diversity. The traditional system of

medicine together with folklore medicines still continue to

serve large populations of the developing countries, particularly

in rural and semi-urban areas. According to an estimate

approximately 85% people particularly living in the rural areas,

depend directly or indirectly on the traditional medicine based

an herbal drugs.

Herbs play a significant role, especially in modern times,

when the damaging effects of food processing and over-

medication have assumed alarming properties. They are now

increasingly used in cosmetics, foods and real, as well of

alternative medicine. The growing interest in herb is a part of

the movement towards changes life life-styles. This movement

is based on the belief that the plants have a vast potential per

their life a curative medicine. In allopathy medicine system

also, medicinal plant source-drug is used. The first antibiotic

penicillin was discovered by Alexander flemming from fungal

plant penicillum notatum.

The description of Jatamansi is found from old treatise of

Ayurveda to modern books of medicinal plants. The drug is one

of first 12 drugs mentioned in the earlist european medical

work, pharmacopoeia of Hippocrates and has been use for over

3000 years. Traditionally the drug has been used as a herbal

CNS drug in epilepsy, hysteria and -convulsions. In this

literacy survey report, I have tried to lighten the medicinal

importance of Jalamansi by the help of many old and modern

books.

The description of Ikshwaku is found from old treatise of

Ayurveda to modern books of medicinal plants. Traditionally

the drug has been used as a herbal emetic and in different

diseases like liver disorders, poisoning etc. In this literary

survey report, I have tried to lighter the medicinal importance

of Ikshwaku by the help of many old and modern books.

CLASSIFICATION OF FAMILY CUCURBITACEAE

Engler & Prantle Bentham & Hooker Hutchinson

Dicotyledoneae Dicotyledons Dicotyledons

Sympetalae Polypetalae Lignosae

Cucurbitales Calyciflorae Cucurbitales

Cucurbitaceae Passiflarales L-

ucurbitaceae

Cucurbitaceae

INFORMATION OF FAMILY CUCURBITACEAE

Salient features:-

The family includes about 100 genera & 800 Species.

Plants are generally prostrate or scandent herbs climbing with

the help of tendrils, angular branched, hairy and fistular when

old. Leaves alternate, petiolate, exstipulate, simple, palmate,

with multicostate reticulate venation. Flowers generally

solitary, axillary or sometimes arranged in cymose or racemose

inflorescence. Flowers are generally unisexual (plants may be

monoecious or dioecious). Flowers pedicellate, bracteate,

unisexual, actinomorphic and incomplete. Female flowers

epigynous, sepals 5, poly or gam .sepalous. Petals 5,

polypetalous or gamopetalous, aestivation imbricate. In male

flowers stamens are generally 5, sometimes reduced,

polyandrous or united to form a column. In the female flowers,

carpels are 3, syncarpous, ovary inferior with parietal

placentation. Fruit is a berry.

Cucurbitaceae is a plant family commonly known as

gourds or cucurbits and includes the cucumber, squash, luffa,

and melons. It is one of the most important families of food

plants in the world, although not nearly as important as the

grass family, Poaceae, legume family, Fabaceae, or Nightshade

family, Solanaceae.

Most of the plants in this family are annual vines with fairly

large, showy blossoms. The plants produce male and female

flowers separately on the same plant, and the female flowers

have inferior ovaries. The fruit is a kind of berry called a pepo.

Most of the plants in this family are readily susceptible to a

moth larva, the squash borer.

DETAILED FEATURES:

Vegetative characters

HABIT:

Annual or perennial herbs moving with the help of

tendrils because plants are trailing or climbing. However, there

are few plants, which may be shrubs (Acanthsicyas) or tree

(Dendrosicyos).

ROOT: Tap root system.

STEM:

Herbaceous, climbing or trailing, angular, branched and

generally fistular when old.

LEAVES:

Alternate, petiolate, exstipulate, simple, lobed,

hairy, multicostate, reticulat venation. The morphlogy of

tendril in this family is very controversial According to Braun

(1876), it is a modified bracteole while ENGLR Holds that it is

a modified stipule. Hagerup thinks that the tendrils lower is the

leaf. Some workers feel that it is a modified peduncle

while Bfcers are of the opinion that it is an extra axillary

shoot or it might have developed by the splitting of the

petiole. Mullar supports the view that the tendril is of dual

nature as stated above.

Floral characters

INFLORESCENCE:

Generally the flowers are solitary, axillary, panicles in

actinostemma with unisexual flowers, generally male may

form a group but female flowers are usually solitary. Plants

may be monoecious or dioecious.

MALE FLOWER:

Pedicellate, bracteate, unisexual, actinomorphic,

incomplete.

Calyx: Cepals 5, gamosepalous, hairy, companulate.

Corolla: Petals 5, polypetalous or united below or

completely united.

Androecium: Stamens 2-5 in different plants. Free or

united in pairs or united.

Gynoecium: Absent or sometimes rudiments of fen ale

may be present.

FEMALE FLOWER:

Pedicellate, bracteate, unisexual, actinomorphic,

epigynous and incomplete.

Calyx : - Sepals 5, gamosepalous, calyx tube adnate to the

ovary wall. Corolla: - Petals 5, polypetalous or

fused at the base.

Androecium : - stamens absent or rudiments of stamens

present. Gynoecium: - tricarpellary,

syncarpous, overy inferior, parietal

placentation but sometimes falsely triocular,

sometimes placentation appears axile but it is

not so.

Stigmas : - Three or each bifurcated.

FRUIT :-

Berry, usually of a very big size called pepo as in

lagenaria, fruit is indehiscent, but becomes dehiscent and

ruptures with a great force, throwing its seeds to long

distances in Ecballium elaterium which is called 'squirting

cucumba'.

POLLINATION: -

The large prominent brightly coloured petals and nectars

on the flowers are the attraction for the insects. The twisted or

coiled anthers shed their pollen grains in between apertures

and the insects in reach of nectar visit the male flower, get

dusted with the pollen grain on its entire body. The same

insect when visiting a female flower brings about pollination.

Economic Importance

From the economic point of view, the importance of this

family is very great because it includes most of the vegetables

and some fruits. They may be described as below:

1) Trichosanthes: - These are the scandent herbs with

usually dioecious flowers of special mentioned T.

anguina, the snake gourd (chichindo) and T. dioica

(perbal). Both of them particularly the latter form,

very nourishing and delicious vegetables and sweets.

2) Lagenaria aegyptiaca, the bottle gourd (lauka) is

largely cultivated for the large berries which are taken

as vegetables.

3) Luffa aegyptiaca which is commonly used as

vegetable.

4) Benincasa hispida , the white gourd- melon

(kubhindo) is largely cultivated for its large size fruit

which makes good vegetable and well known sweets

(murrabba etc.).

5) Momardica charantia (karela), is not only a good

vegetable but also medicinally important.

6) Cucumis :- It includes important fruits and vegetables

e.g. C. melo, C. melo utilissimus, C. sativus.

7) Citrullus :- It contains delicious fruits (i) ..nd

( i i ) e.g. Citrullus vulgaris,

(i) Good vegetable e.g. c. Vulgaris fistulosus.

(ii) Medicinal sources e.g. C. colocynthis

7) Coccinia indica is a perennial with tuberous roots

INTRODUCTION ABOUT GENUS LAGEANRIA

Large climbers , pubescent , tendrils two –fid, leaves ovate or

orbicular , cordate , dentate.:petiole longg , with two glands at

its apex .flowers large white , solitary ,monoecious or

dioecious.The males are long , females are short peduncled.

Male

Calyx-tube funnel shaped subcampanulate teeth 5 narrow ,

petals 5 ; free ,obovate ,stames 3 anther cannate , included 1-2

walled ,cells conduplicate ; rudiment of ovary

Female:

Calyx and corolla as in male ; ovary oblong ; style short with 3

bifid stigmatic lobes ; ovules mag , horizontally plantas 3

,vertical ;

Fruit :

Large ;ultimately thick membraneous or almost woody ;

indesiant , polymorphs , usually broad upward.

Seeds

Many ,horizontal compressed with a marginal groove , smooth

SYSTEMIC POSITION:

Kingdom: Plantae

Division: Magnoliophyta

Class: Magnoliopsida

Order: Cucurbitales

Family: Cucurbitaceae

Genus: Lagenaria

Species: L. siceraria

VERNACULARS:

Bangal : Titalau

Gujarati : Kakaravel

Hindi : Tita lauki, Kadwi lauki

Marathi : Kadu bhopala,

Nepali : Tite lauka , Ban lauka

Sanskrit : Ikshwaku , Katutumbi, Tiktalabu , Pindaphala

Telugu : Sorakaya

Arabic : Karulmurra

Pharasi : Kadue talkha

Tamil : Soriaikai

English : Bitter gouard

Distribution

Found all over India and in Nepal WCE,Tropical and temperate

regions

Species:

According to ayurveda classification there are two species:

Bitter friut variety and sweet fruit variety

Modern taxonomy has many species. Some of them are:

Lagenaria abyssinica

Lagenaria breviflora

Lagenaria guineensis

Lagenaria rufa

Lagenaria siceraria

Lagenaria sphaerica

Lagenaria vulgaris

Plant Description of Lagenaria siceraria

Leaves often 6 inch diameter , soft pubescent on both surfaces ,

more or less 5 angled or 5 lobed .

Male peduncle often 6 inch , female 1 inch calyx tube 1/2 inch

pubescent .

Petals 1-2 inch , fruit often 1.5 ft. in India. Usually bottle or

dumb bell shaped .

Seeds are 3/4 and 1/8 in thick with an impressed groove parallel

to and near the margin.

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Other uses :

Fruit is biter hot acrid coolong cardiotonic and emetic . it cures

oedema , pain , ulcers , cough athma and other bronchial

disorders.Pulp is emetic and purgative.Applied to the soles in

burning feet.Decoction of leaves mixed with sugar given in

jaundice seeds are nutritive and diuretic, are used in dropsy and

as antihelminthic, roots also used in the treatment of dropsy.the

seed oil is cooling and is applied in the headache.

Literary survey of Lagenaria siceraria

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Description of Ikshwaku in Nighantus

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ltQf s6'lj{kfs] r jftlkQ Hj/fGts[t ..%(..

;+:s[ gfdMOIjfs' ,s6't'DjL,

tLtf]nf}sf–ltQ/; o'Qm , ljkfsdf s6' , zLtn , x{bonfO{ lxts/ Pj+ lkQ

, vf]sL , ljif , jft tyf lkQ Hj/ gi6 ub{5.

o;sf] ntf , kq , k'ikflb ;a} cnfa";dfg x'G5 . kmn cToGt} lttf] x'G5 .

u'0f÷k|of]uM

of] u'bL cToGt} tLtf] , jfds / e]bdf OGb|o0fsf] h:t} k|efj

x'G5÷k|of]uaf6 x}hfsf] h:t} l:ylt pTkGg x'G5 .

k|rLg u|Gydf jdg u/fpg o;sf] k|of]u ul/GYof] .cNk k|of]uaf6 skm

lg:sG5 tyf zf}r ;kmf x'G5 , sfdnf tyf sf; Zjf;df o;nfO{ lbOG5 .

kftaf6 l;¢t]n u+8dfnf uf7f–u'7L cflbdf nufOG5 .

clegjlg306'df OIjfs'sf ] j0f {g

OIjfs'M s6't'DjL:oft ;ft'+jLrsfxfkmnf .

lxdf x[Bf lkQsfzljzfkxf ..

ltQf s6'lj{kfs] r jftlkQ Hj/fGts[t ..%#..

;+:s[t gfdMOIjfs', , dxfkmnf, s6't'DjL

u'0fM

zLtn , x[B , lkQ , vf;L,ljif oL gfz ub{5 .:jfbdf ltQ ,ljkfsdf

r6k6L , jftlkQ Hj/ x6fp5 .

lg306' cfbz{df OIjfs'sf ] j0f {g

OIjfs'M OIf'd cfs/f]lt cyjf l5Ssfof+ hftd OIf'Olt zAb+ cslt k|fTgf]lt

5]bgsfn] Olt .

cs\ utf} . o;nfO{ sf6\bf jf r'8\bf of] OIf' o; k|sf/sf] zAb ub{5 . ctM

OIjfs' xf] .

s'6't'DjLM

t'DjL t'Djlt cb{olt ?lr+ X[BTjft\M t'la cb{g oåf t'lDjlt gfzolt lkQ+

skm+ rflj Olt .

of] x[bosf] nflu /fd|f] nfUg] x'bfF ?lr pTkGg u5{ .cyjf lkQ / skmnfO{

gfz ub{5 .ctM of] t'DjL xf] .

s6'Zrf;f} t'DaL s6't'DjL .

s6' x'gfn] o;nfO{ s6't'DjL elgG5 .

cnfj'M

g nDjt] Olt .

nlj cj;+; g] .

u;sf] kmn j]naf6 tn emg]{ / hldgdf jf 5/k6df g} l:yt x'G5 .

dxfkmnfM

o;sf] kmn b"tL x'G5 .

eb|lGt kmnflg c:of Olt .

ltStjLhM

ltStflg aLhflg c:u Ilt .

o;sf] aLg ltQ x'G5 .

pko'Q c+uM

kq

kmn

k'ik

aLh

/;M

s6' ,ltQ ,

jLo{M

zLt

ljkfsM

s6'

bf]ifsd{M

skmlkQ zfds

u'0fM

sf;Zjf;R5lb{ ljiflt{ skmslif{t .

OIjfs'M jd;] z:tf=================.. w=lg

s6't'DjL s6':tLI0ff jflGts[R5\jf;sf;lht\ .

sf;£gLzf]wgL zf]kmj|0fa"nljiff kxf .. /f=lg=

s6't'DjL l5gf x[BflkQsf; ljifkxf .

ltQ s6'ljkfs] r kftlkQHj/fGts[t ..ef=k|

pkof]uM

jfUe§

cZdof{d\–g[Tos'08njLhfgf+ r"0f{ dflIfs ;+o'St+ .

cljIfL/]0f ;Ktfx+ kLtZd/L kftgd\ r .

t'GjLjLhfgf+ r"0f{ dflIfsflGj td ljIfL/]0f ;Ktfå+ kLtfZd/L kftgd\ .

cfdlos k|of]uM

cZd/Ldf:

s6't'DjL jLg r"0f{nfO{ dxdf ld;fP/ e]8:sf] b'w;+u & lbg v'jfpg] .

lr=c=!!

rs|bQfg';f/ pkof]ux?

!=cZdof{d–ltQfnfa'/;M Iff/M l;tfo'Qf] cZd/Lx/M

s6't'DjL /;df ojIff/ / ld>L ldnfP/ lknfpg] .

@=unu08df

ltQfnfj'yn] kSj] ;Ktfxd'l;t+ ht+ .

dB+ jf unu08£g+ kfgft\ kYofg';]ljgxM .

s6't'DjLsf] kfs]sf] kmnsf] sjr dfq Ps/ft JotOt xf];\, olt ;do;Dd

hn e/]/ /fVg'k5{ . k|ftM sfndf ;f] jf;LkfgL lknfpg'k5{ . kYosf] kfngf

u/fpg] / ;ftlbg ko{Gt o;k|sf/sf] hn ;]jg ugf{n] unu08 gi6 x'G5 .

#=cz{df

t'DjLjLh+ ;}EbLbGt' sfl~hlki6+u'8Lqfo+ .

czf]{x/+ u'b:y+ :ofb blw dflxifdZgt ..

s6't'DjLjLg / ;}Gwjnj0f b'j}nfO{ sf+hLdf lk;]/ # uf]nLagfpg] u'bfdf oL

uf]nL s|d};+u Ps–Ps u/L /fVg] / e};Lsf] bxL jf ts| ;]jg u/fpg

nufpg] . cz{df of] lxts/ x'G5 .

efjk|sfzn] j0f {g u/]sf] pkof]ux?

!=k|b/df

cfnfj"kmn r"0f{:o zs{/f;lxt:o r .

dw'gfdf]bs+ s[Tjf vfb]t k|bzfGto] ..

s6't'DjLsf] ;"Id r"0f{ ,l;tf / dw'df ld;fP/ lgld{t df]bssf] ;]jg u/fpg]

.o;n] k|b/df pQd nfe ub{5 .

@=of]lg/f]udf

t'DjLkq+ tyf nf]w|+ ;defu+ ;'k];o]t .

t]g n]kf] eu] sfo{M zL3|Zoft of]lg/Qmtf ..

s6't'DjLkq / nf]w|sf] ;dfgefu ;"Id r"0f{ dw'df ld;fP/ of]gLdf n]k ug]{ .

#=s[ldbGtdf

bzgfls|ldif'=================s6't'DjLd'n+ .

;dr'0o{ bzgljlw|t bzgls|ldgfzg+ ..

s6't'DjLd"n rkfpg] / s]xL ;dodf d'vdf /fVg] . o;n] bftsf] ;du| s{ld

db{5 .

xfl/tn] j0f {g u/]sf] pkof]ux?

!=zf]ydf

nf]dzfs6'tDjL r sf~hLs]g hn]gjf .

lgZSjfYo rfkL ;d:j]bz to}jf]:0f]g t\g r ..

s6't'DjL / h6fdf+;Lsf] sf+hLdf pdfn]/ To;sf] jfkmn] zf]yo'Q efudf

:j]bg ug]{ / sNs afWg] .

zf]9nn] j0f {g u/]sf] pkof]ux?

!=km'+l;of x'bf

;'/bfln s7't'Djof] :ot:ofM k|o}lzt+ d"n+ .

jLh+ jf rs|o't sL6slkl6sf]k;u{x/d\ ..

s6't'DjLs"n cyjf jLhnfO{sf sf+hLsf] ;fydf lkw]/ n]k ug]{

@= kfp km'6]sf]df

lqlbg+ s6't'DjL:y+ kfbn]k+ k|sNko]t .

cg]g:km'l6tf] kfbf] ej]hLxf]kdf] g[0ffd\ ..

s6't'DjLjLgnfO{hndf lk;]/ ko"tfndf /fVg] . o;/L #lbg;Dd ugf{n]

7Lsx'G5 / kfbtfn lhJxf;dfg sf]dn x'G5 .

#=gf;fz{df

;+k]liftMko'{lztf]bs]g k6fGtlgZrf]tg lgd{nZr .

=========================================gfzf/f]uflwsf/] ..

s6't'DjLsf] sGbnfO{jf;Lhndf lk;]/ To;sf] yf]kf gf;fdf eg]{ .

o;af6 gfssf] d:;] gi6 x'G5 .

/fhdft{08n] j0f{gu/]sf] pkof]ux?

s6\ jnfJjfM ;dfbfo d"n+un] of]lht+ bGt/f]ufkx+ :oflR5;f]M ..

aRrfsf] bGt/f]udf jf bfFt cfpbf

s6't'DjLd"nnfO{ aRrfsf] unfdf afWg] .o;n] bft cfpg] ;do h'g j]bgf

x'G5 Tof] gi6 x'G5 .

j}Bdgf]/dfn] j0f{g u/]sf] pkof]ux?

!=of]lgbf]ifdf

s6'sfnfj' ;d'l;¢+ t}ndEo+ hgb\ej]t .

of]lgbf]ifx/+ gfof{M ue{d'Tkf boblk ..

s6't'DjL:j/; / sNsn] l;¢ u/]sf] t]nsf] cEoË Pj+ of]gLwf/0f ugf{n]

of]gL/f]u gi6 x'G5 . o;sf] kfg klg u/fpg ;lsG5 . kfg u/fpgfn]

ue{wf/0f x'G5 .

jStJoM

/fhlg306'df t'DjLsf] cg]s e]b atfOPsf] 5—s'Det'DjL , IfL/t'DjL

,e't'DjL OToflb . dw'/t'DjLsf] b'O{ e]b —

!=uf]/If t'DjL

@= IfL/ t'DjL

efjk|sfzn] s]jn dw'/ / s6' u/L b'O{ e]b u/]sf 5g\ .

efjld>n] dw'/t'DjLsf] lgDg u'0f atfPsf 5g\ .

ldi6–t'DjLkmnd\ X[Bd lkQZn]idfkxd u'?.

j[io+ ?lrs/d\ k|f]St+ wft'k'li6ljjw{gd\ ..

dw'/t'DjLsf] t/sf/L agfOG5 . r/s;+lxtfdf cnfa'sNk lbOPsf] 5 .o;n]

jdg u/fP/ lkQ / skmbf]ifsf] lgx{/0f / zdg u/fOG5 . Zjf;/f]uLnfO{ of]

lbgfn] ;Dos tyf skm lglSngfn] /f]u gi6 x'G5 .

gJodt—s6't'DjLsf] ue{ jfds / lj/]rs x'G5 .o;sf] ljhsf] t]n

d:tsz'ndf zLt pkrf/sf] ?kdf n]k ul/G5 .dw'/t'DjLsf] jLh aNo /

d'qn x'G5 .

z+s/ lg306'df OIjfs'sf] j0f {g

u'0fM s6' , ltI0f, sfGtLghs,Zjf; x6fpg] ,jftgfzs , sfzlgjf/s ,

zf]ws tyf ;'hg ,j|0f , z'n jftlkQ Hj/ / ljifgfzs x'G5 .

Description of ikshwaku in Vanaushadi nirdarshika

Parts used: fruit pulp , seed and leaves

Dose : fruit and leaf juice 6gm -11.6 gm

Seed powder: 1-3gm

Test for purity:

The bark of fruit is very hard but the fruit pulp is very smooth

which is very bitter. When it is used internally there will be

emesis and purgation. Seed is ovate. In the innerside of seed

there is white and fatty pulp.

Collection and preservation:

Taking ripened pulp of katutumbhi and cut it into the pieces

then dry it in shadow then keep it in closed container. Seed is

also collected similarly.

Period of potency:

Pulp :3-4years seed : 2-3 years

Actions: Kapha pitta samsohdak and samak, blood purifier ,anti

inflammatory , expectorant, against skin disease. Anti-pyretic,

antidote , sirovirechan , emetic and purgative.

Miscellanious uses according to Dhanwontari Vanaushadhi

Visheshanka

1. Jaundice

2. Goitre and inflammation

3. Piles

4. Wounds

5. Blood disorders

6. Gynecological problems

7. Ascites

8. Pyorrhea

9. Calculus

10. Facial paralysis

11.Ottolgia

DISCUSSION:

Lagenaria siceria is an important plant of family

cucurbitaceae. It is mentioned in samhitas and other ancient

literatures. Almost all of the literatures have mentioned the

properties and the uses of the plant similarly.

The description of the plant is mentioned by many names.

This type of writing style makes us some confusion. I have

found almost all the properties and the use of the bristly

lagenaria are same though they are written as many names.

One thing discussable is - its emetic and purgative that

was mentioned in the ancient texts like charak samhita,

sushruta samhita & other nighantus.

CONCLUSION:

Katu tumbhi is an important medicinal plant.

It has tikta rasa, laghu, rukshya guna; katu vipaka, and

shita veerya.

It has kapha & pittasam sodhak property. It is one of the

best drugs among that which cause emesis & purgation at a

time.

It has diemetic & drastic purgative property along with

blood purifier etc. property.

It was used in snake and scorpian bite poisoning in

ancient period.

REFERENCES

1. Charak Samhita: Volume I & VI Edited & Published by shree Gulabkunverba

Ayurvedic society, Jamnagar, India, 1949.

2. Susruta Samhita: Volume I and III, Transleted and Edited by Kaviraj

Kunjalal Bhishagratna, Chaukhamba Vishaw Bharati, Varanasi, India.

3. Astangahridaya: Editor shree Yadunandan Upadhyaya, Chaukhamba Sanskrit

Sirij office Varanasi - 1, India

4. Bhavprakash nighantu Editor - Dr. Gangasasahya Pandey, Chaukhamba

Bharati Academy, Varanasi, India

5. Rajnighantu Sahit Dhanwantari Nighantu: Publisher-Ananadaashram Sanskrit

Granthawati, India.

6. Indian Medicinal Plant: Vol II, By H. Colonel L.R. Kirtikar, Major B.D.

Basu, Intl Book Distributors

7. Dravyaguna Vigyan Vol - II: A. Priyaverta Sharma, Chaukhamba Bharati

Academy, India, Reprint 2005

8. Dravyaguna Vigyan: Dr. Shyammani Adhikari, Sajha Prakashan, Kathmandu,

1st Edition, 2005

9. Glossary of Vegetable Drugs of Brhattarai: Thakur Balwant Singh

Chukhamba Sanskrit Series Office Varanasi - 1, 1972, India.

10. Madanpaal Nighantu: Commentetor - Ganga Vishnu Shreekrishnadas, Kalyan

Bombay

11. Astangasanghra Sutrasthan: Translated by Dr. Shyammani Adhikari.

Publisher: M.S.U. Dang, Nepal (2060 BS.)

12. www.google.com