32
V ,ilil,^^AL ,h*An, 1ntuvvL{,, l^;k* .b 'b.ttt-v<- D Aa a, /\*fl.*4. L*dry , ,t-an.,jtna nA; v,*erre*'*^'t , { { r --, . c . n nI . ,V , . t . ^, et*"ke y @ ,* oq- *pW vtt+-.-fut ,t flLale4. lku A,,xt' f.oLif Cts.clr* lt,* \t?y*L:* + Wq i^,,*Eh,Le-,tpat*d,,,,a tni, .L/,c ,./,rln til ., + ,t',q/rLc*crrru^tr ^r&,;,rlu ,".:re,',A*L h'r* fu Oc*rr*"A-rr*,U; Urr^^r/"** , ( g**ffi ^k*r-{- ,h^er- drrftovce*a,t* {ttmrenz ,f hr+",. t-7[a A-yp*E,[,*;ffi ,i k *fW ftz*-**,* /iw-,,,'&we* &yryfu 0w ffi b, H,*^)" ttx*rrr"^,&x nre*rL/, t€ aD

INTRODUCTION STATIC INDETERMINACY.pdf

Embed Size (px)

Citation preview

  • V ,ilil,^^AL ,h*An, 1ntuvvL{,, l^;k* .b 'b.ttt-v
  • @ll*W 4.1) M W a4\nLLb,*l; h^ltf,2;,Jruwrr^L [.r,*do'

    e&LffiL henah;"'\, oJ72-fu k 'l'.,,''w,L z*'l*'*aj(,uA L T[,+o.l,;rA /\a.fr-$^/.4

    '-g-LLl,1--vyu$;eL hne*h)v-o

    ,

    +t +;y-*l- lzParh,i' t uwl*tuov'b cv?j., C-!'tPxn'-L P

    'ha^^^L fu *44Ab'L

    \fUrfr;Al- />ealhJl^,1/ d c\*r,lrt'E !t,,r,tL M a+fl;-L$ om.e, (V-afueL kar*fr;-,)

    h -->

    '1I

    r,o Thx-..(,'

    t*

    R,"tu-

    \rerh,bl- & &-

  • /etV,

    ffiLL il*;& L^- il^; xX* tlretl-/J M/r _ _ v____ ,r"l.r*- J# aAL ywall%W

    't/F/

    .. 0 "0M uoilrv TrcL d.& ** tEI L- --

    }v'NY Ctrx^rqr- '*; 'Lh D{- 4u,0(

    4( I^ v>dq U\q,t il; b*A"^? e'k r'Zeff'tA/r^d.rrL ,W ax,Yra*'t e* (l ,(*as!'2 , b *

    , E+W t"'X'e^u a^,\L *xdarla*'o[-,6^;.rf k- T^*

    nF,=E

    t-O.{l*,^n r- F*h" 7n^;uty>Lv,,rvt f F= q {;= _L = o

  • 0L' I F-TR.-

    tR,

    Hl_;

    WF,""tW bt*-W

    f*,-

    \Qn47 - c'i1,. ., on^n^- l*'^ll"l- e+Ltu*A'r

    WYt,

    t\ \

    M"- LX,e*'i*,^-u )ra-

    1\//

    * 3"*fu^ d^"r*,";t**L

    I'lEau2 q)\"Q-

    MYcv$tu^c)>-

  • br*' qN;- -4 T*^b'** 'k q{Yy*1fi-q-r trt* lr 0 *"ry^'- lla,-

    bd4 4;"/J; u*'v d-t"u&u;-''A

    - L q-- F- lt.7

    r\*[b t- tr*. Et W te"'&L6r'"* CL^)^-1-*A* "lt^.; dA' wqt!' Ka^'.- t/\'c-'#*^, tuLo',4, 6tU :t""* Ya)ar k N il v;JL be tL o'\-' f^;"*'-*'

    **a,eilfa^^f

  • t$o-" Cry"rLul+r|tor h;

    * @ Uol- *ry

    k*, art,,,)

    ZT:OC85^.

    th.. a/,r,o *

    x- + Ig-"^,. FP*i

    fx =o ',

    + 2 tv{ ^?Y \t*Lbu-o'*)

    t e,r/- \N\,ry\'\/evtfItoert- /;, t* 'U;

    ZY = o & ZM=o-'al,aarn

    -, ff $*t, b*-/,,nn,

    QuLUbti,ut^,W, rr,

    rfr,,,*Tba**rAU, .9^eAs"^C R *.t**,

    twu0

    +/tR

    b:u"t.+*-

  • AT__l'N--= 6z1 v.+t

    J"" N,* Ah^>'d- AIAr*cl*''-'L A7x'f""". , l,l;@.trv'\AL W f*. *,,,uc{o-' i,r*t:Wctu^bhtnn\/\bilL q ,frJl*crtr; W-l{,etw+

  • G)

    o,-\

    ,-\1..

    .\\t

    -/NFv\t

  • f' tetilU^ Lot;,3h",1*;*

    C^*-fti*dlf, il,i.^tui{*" s\{ ,t/; oL fr, 1'*}*ea"*f Lu *W o,-,lli u"Ai tlkt quil,:b.r,a^n AJ^rL, M v$^e- lArr?\tyr',v-fu + vr*v.rwr*k , e*r(tv& *t &lE^-.e.,,J*l_!-(& lAt.r ca/\ te- C"l-r^^lrlW

    *-

    "l,Jfrw * e4wLuo;-,r^ , [LJ. ^-arcfiil"'Tr*fitE a-* e.J* b"*,L a^ '(u4,, -Ur^f '

    $* *+,;d.J M a4val#,*',^rfW {'*^''-'l*-L,.---.

    ---*- g'b"b,JLL dp-{il,^*r,a,E lxr*G4 o,r.L r),;-L

    Lrr"r^- /); (lr^t;- W/" , tt^or A cilR,&*;et,U; ,zua^ki,,,\. t ,"h*L tr^^ / e.a^_ t*_dA.rL ^e+ \, *"^I, eTri,*,- "d qdtit 4h^,^.tG-"Jr,

  • lnt, ta^.U a^aUA !*T shft* ilT*^eil;L%.

    --n*rs.8-*U6- ?*fA" ''r* rare.r^.u r,.t lLWWM

    b,",pr^,a,,* ^.?*f"^d"- aw bt'a^rv,Lpr-

    ffi*w"L R lTo+C a'u/'ou,rrffic^a^gr" 4*"*r-

    ,r&fulat;,^, )"uu'3"

  • ulet^M s/;*hfr

    0 S**Ur, %-"*^ '-Jf,' lvtaxm sh aLBla t^'\-

    /3t,,(g-t=- !.)^@ 4l''trsP- c"'-

    n-buwilP"tg

    r^r f ".,^

    Ain^, =

    5ulLi-- -

    te(rxV-- LI.na;"C

    0dilrub,^,il-tr,

    t,L3ET

    -urPlL-

    fro03TB. M'>

    ryyu^b.^d^t"r^. tA *Yfc'""*fb c^il,^ t-a kT *^

    L** lh"j' '"L 1V d'!t-*J;

  • A.6cl;-(i", S+,-.^p-(ltx

    br*,e-l U;fi**

    e|||-/&;Ov1--e-

    L^?-/^

    VsL

    L-re 9&2')^/{-v,r^,M L-^""'; *e 1l^g* -B /'!'* */t!i,'*$l

    icail,;- /t-* 'e7"'*'A-,*p.L xulda s/"a'L,$- , sn il 4- ha"L*u , [-,\

    -,0^,.r'r,ld,"c^;o1 " Y^{**tl i^4sla"il;( *t n^uvAa^ a& \g*;2, ffa- -e"t""t' !"er;U^Et w"t/' ^-^'t4^a.ciA*^r-h eoAA$sL / k /}* ,h*d' h#L"Lo ,t fiHlei- A E, a,+n**t /nsLi"

    /t{ ,rtutLrJ, -

    rD /YtN-' ---{- / v

  • t,

    sh^ffi

    $,'fw e-[""--=-: -b*

    .'.tyr'- r-(t

    gt^t{$r a' ,fi,""-Alo'SE^"ti-

    t-. Ab & 3c- L"^a'-*

    g-$qra,.t b aPft'btL frt# B'M' d!^'l'h

    ht f *b Leo"^ '

    4

    D# f*I^*," AB f"

    Pevua"i*rydff'b\,\we- s,a* rLiTF, t"'';hi/lrLr^"f Ba;f,"^Y

    C,r^" yhnro^ J*']^y)

    A'h----- {'#' -- -' +

    -s A'3---/t'

    J.,

  • , t 2 &(N)L

    Ll-a--=-FF- t{

    *t4delrf*,;l*

    MLe-o,, L- *dHAller*o, I,rAv* 'U^"^$l^ tfic^ 1,lut +'pL k

    9+^trc,JJ",Ezn*(

    o(,(Art---p & Lar) r't' I

    gt,dio^lh tl^dil;,"),*b k,a"'*ra5 ,*b":R. L^]" a'^* a/v\/*'*Jr AT' A*- ax/vL,a

    uor^t* h-P/xy;ft/ tr* F = 'Xe) : d"(Ar)AeI

    Arrru-L d ovv gb"trcrvu+ *M L"-^r'*wv-(

    h.,^Lu 4,ryD,

  • up=g Sbrh* l^a"Uf, r^,,J^o* C- t't-

    A *G^-/;,- ,) e.unnLdr J- ,&-_ t*- n-zd^^^xd-e,,,t,gA t,^d2ffi"""",.o1; e-t tZ F."slZh

  • @fivor , "4 G*lr = 5i0

    [..rgz, ef rareeaAz- =7o

    HAA

    -

    Ar^r- ,U,e- boW- v\b ? a*r[ffi'*t o.uai\Ab!-,," e { belrrr*- t b il; ,\,vc "& t;"^!"rr IlI;y, cXLffi.,.

    gt^,tr l^"bd^,^,y = 'n'rtrr r[{

  • ,aletreZ_\9-9;il1kt*^r**;

    --f"" ,h/*-a--s- ,427./17^, A*. a-,ze- //";iv/

  • ?;: @::): qn- s6"*(*; '; *"$dkLn*mpufc-t sincz- sI [email protected] -ai;3-kY

    -1 3

    o

    Hr. rl

    o{yt=6 ; T=9 +7t'=l$O*')^-y = e,

    .tYL ret"-3)5fufr'c@ Lnd'l';'*'l'g-rbr"^{E (n/u*/*'''t

    fr1,;^-,4*J"*JanbU

    fu^

    4--> HaI

    __rE 3

    @b

    )* (q gVB

  • tr,- q ', w- q )j=,r(*"8t,

    lrt->SI

    =e^ +*) ai: otrer^W ST-"'- Oift- Alffi.h,^- ;

    Kt"^o^""*r c&^i u,at^Aw)df,

    rrrg

    luo ---4'vg

    W=A;r=2,t=+Y< 3 CLr*w,tr

    .}.- 2-' 3

    o

    A

    C

    &q

    t, /l

    'y n.f,,J,tfu-fu^;tu

  • .

    4^/vrtN\/h!)> .v:ot"-e, af ,o t

    fiL?. OLw\/V t /1/\.^)

    *;fr*t k tl; h"n'M"ft-t

  • \vfn"= 3 tr>6t*\ '?

    ,J=C*.0:u,:-:. \'-" 1 tux''^%;/p Y 73 L-,u-,

    o\%

    ot

    \)

    *-J;4}.^^--9rn-z\0 Y2nib=-,1, -qse = Q1^*d

    *?d= |

    Po tz3s.. lnt*7?i^'UUrML "rrfr*;,&J*^r---r

  • 6)

    ffi,*ry-dr4/,r'L \ t"'*J-^zr. T-f I

    t'

    (,*1'ffi/' f/*^-/**

  • E xlr*,rt ,!- Tex,;w-ry*

    A frJrlt tlr*rl"''''" Al'a"^l;"

    k ,ntr,vv 'P"J/'2

    l,\aw. et k.&Uo-1ruw-M

    Cro,,rrnde). l|nf jrc-eh-'*q ila**l*"* i",'(

    {rA / - =+;'a!-*-*F*\ tl (.cn"nao,rn r *s -> t s:,bJ.L\ fral.;"'*;i;

    *:= -At.4-"- ,'rva*'i'-M

    I

    366r,, f fu&^r-;l;

    Ext^^rC I,tAhlt- rnt,^lcel- +

    *f ir^"d*",h,q',e *:^*hp^;fr-M=.)

  • Nvrt C'o^"r o&r- /1.,0- ,to{L*t4

    -(/

    B9;,1;*

    ,ktr,,cy W"+^1y:Y>S+^b&L \ P;.6'*'LM wP'tr

    srd" W.

    -6FNt/^"4AoL + kp"-f;t,* P

  • 6\> G

    lrlsc, Y uao&ia" ps"JA/. : gr&b. H t-r*

    "+ -r;;;;;=

    B"{nn^cu

    'tlr-"-1to ,oftr,nc]uG-t;"W *pk

    4 E*G,**L I^/*,(r;:B 3 ]f1; r"t"kL \ AL^h*,/tfr"t exu'*tu

    S ,E ,4"i"*R " { I

    1n4= avVc + hnsu/r&ltd.

    & t\reL ^,s2, "f q* auaikl,ln = e;'l^4 + t : .2i

    - sEbI* t t"-6^"ll^L d*;,*,-t;

    ill; :i4 - ^^:* u* {*r' ^q,L;deb"r'n"'c&rY.*i Ur***W (

  • -{ A $}^-tl^^^- ; lahL ,b $-our-tu'.,d."(6,vr
  • rfn=18 'd^- ? 4''= lo(rftr+ f = 2l &f - &c0.r-a^' n n lnn {-ar > } i *t!r.rwt-- ]r* ,b*nt L',.Sa""co 1n4 tT ) arl *\!/vvj'- l'La- /wud) Y)

    &GN- k Ar;"tr;^^^1f^tur;M # l{&'pf,*"L'I

    ln^-=16 T:5 't = t\''nA- --: Tit

    r^-, L uwr*e-bL . q^^e,v'b*a*k ; L\r"+^trk

    d,'*A f*rT 'tu^J*" '

  • 'Teq l^eb*^*;q{

    S*.- 4/vb + 9'-Z^r^^?.+ "tff*

    ,.f'Al-L-U+ fi*'Libo',-'

    tlrr*-trAU

    fi; A-Ww!-,^-; v^/'eblal,r-

    ardtlrAU>YDa \-,,

    ?ln=9 ),#we*-(/v wli'^^*0Lt W"

    T :v,vw t

    rln*t: I 2-,?'= t)-;@

    ,t

    et t r*t-^rtg tb

  • F-R,f l/"JvlL h'u* M \* 51- M =o

    M)rt!rr*

  • @lM:&s- T= 3!n[,+f = &-r k

    k @ flr

    elL=f(llK2- : &-)-

    --v

    '--- fl w= 9- 3

    U = 6 e*,rbl- & il^Arfu'"^J""L- # 6/h-

    J* u?^*A-^^P s';*/**DeLIC;+t')-vY

    "'- -Dsi = 3tuz 3 l'=Lftr-t: 6

  • E*= t''3t IJ\r.

    = e- =Urr-q

    -Dr" = 6-a =3 Ds; =C"^*v) *31

    f =- L"

  • b*" 5;h.t = foo+r) -,i.tr'

    =O

    {ZM=o

    t6tu14vfru-(

    /^*;4* 7tb, *f_94,-+ h,q, % ql"),A-L

    = 3+l ^ q

    Itrrsal,G,*, - 4

    71t > 2o L*=_ 4T =tt

    tyt > 16Y= 3

    # .', Dt;.-

    60" = 4-s= j

    br"'= M+T-2./

    o l'=9l