IS Department

Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Ministry of Higher Education

Al-Imam Muhammad ibn Saud Islamic University

College of Computer and Information Sciences

Business Technology Trends (Part-2)

IS - 792: Integrated Capstone

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Lecture objectives

What are the future technological trends that industry

experts are predicting?

What are their implications on current business

environment?

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Top 10 Strategic Technology Trends for 2015

• Gartner defines a strategic technology trend

as one with the potential for significant

impact on the organization in the next

three years.

• Factors that denote significant impact include a high potential

for disruption to the business, end users or IT, the need for a

major investment, or the risk of being late to adopt.

• These technologies impact the organization's long-term plans,

programs and initiatives.

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Top 10 Strategic Technology Trends for 2015

• Cover three themes: the merging of the real and virtual worlds,

the advent of intelligence everywhere, and the technology

impact of the digital business shift.

• David Cearley (a vice president at the

group) said. “This does not necessarily mean

adoption and investment in all of the listed

technologies, but companies should look to make

deliberate decisions about them during the next

two years.”

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Nexus of Forces

• Mr. Cearley said that the Nexus of Forces, the convergence of

four powerful forces /trends:

Social [Social Interaction]

Mobile [Mobility]

Cloud and

Information

continues to drive change and create new opportunities,

creating demand for advanced programmable infrastructure

that can execute at web-scale.

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Strategic Technology Trends for 2015

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Problem with Predictions

• Heavier than air flight machines impossible Lord Kelvin (1895) -

leading US Physicist .

• This telephone has too many shortcomings to be seriously

considered as a means of communication - Internal Memo

Western Union - 1876.

• I think there is a world market for maybe 5 computers -

Chairman of IBM 1943.

http://www.rinkworks.com/said/predictions.shtml

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Problem with Predictions

• There isn't any reason that anyone would want a computer in

their home - Ken Olsen Digital Equipment 1977.

• "With over 50 foreign cars already on sale here, the Japanese

auto industry isn't likely to carve out a big slice of the U.S.

market." -- Business Week, August 2, 1968.

http://www.rinkworks.com/said/predictions.shtml

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What do you think about this Prediction?

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10. RISK-BASED SECURITY AND SELF-

PROTECTION

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Risk-Based Security and Self-Protection

• All roads to the digital future lead through security.

• In a digital business world, security cannot be a roadblock that stops

all progress.

• Organizations will increasingly recognize that it is not possible to

provide a 100 percent secured environment.

• Perimeters and firewalls are no longer enough; every app needs to be

self-aware and self-protecting.

• Once organizations acknowledge that, they can begin to apply more-

sophisticated risk assessment and mitigation tools.

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Risk-Based Security and Self-Protection

• Perimeter defense is inadequate and applications need to take a

more active role in security gives rise to a new multifaceted

approach.

• Security-aware application design, dynamic and static application

security testing, and runtime application self-protection

combined with active context-aware and adaptive access

controls are all needed in today's dangerous digital world.

• This will lead to new models of building security directly into

applications.

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9. WEB-SCALE IT

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Web-Scale IT

• Term coined by “Gartner” to describe all of

the things happening at large cloud services

firms such as Google, Amazon, Rackspace,

Netflix, Facebook, etc., that enables them to

achieve extreme levels of service delivery

as compared to many of their enterprise

counterparts.

• Web-scale IT is a pattern of global-class

computing that delivers the capabilities of

large cloud service providers within an

enterprise IT setting by rethinking positions

across several dimensions.

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Six elements of Garner Web-Scale Recipe

1. Industrial Data Centers,

2. Web-oriented Architectures,

3. Programmable Management,

4. Agile Processes,

5. A Collaborative Organization Style And

6. A Learning Culture

Scale is not about Size, it is about Speed.

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• Large cloud services providers such as Amazon, Google,

Facebook, etc., are re-inventing the way IT in which IT

services can be delivered.

• If enterprises want to keep pace, then they need to emulate

the architectures, processes and practices of these exemplary

cloud providers.

Web-Scale IT

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8. SOFTWARE-DEFINED APPLICATIONS

AND INFRASTRUCTURE

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Software-Defined Applications & Infrastructure

• Software-defined anything (SDx) is a

collective term that encapsulates the

growing market momentum for

improved standards for infrastructure

programmability and data center

interoperability driven by automation

inherent to cloud computing, DevOps

and fast infrastructure provisioning.

Illustration showing DevOps as the

intersection of development (software

engineering), technology operations and

quality assurance (QA)

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7. CLOUD/CLIENT COMPUTING

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Cloud/Client Computing

• In the cloud/client architecture, the client

is a rich application running on an

Internet-connected device, and the

server is a set of application services

hosted in an increasingly elastically

scalable cloud computing platform.

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Cloud/Client Computing

• The cloud is the control point and system or record and

applications can span multiple client devices.

• The client environment may be a native application or browser-

based; the increasing power of the browser is available to many

client devices, mobile and desktop alike.

• the increasingly complex demands of mobile users will drive

apps to demand increasing amounts of server-side computing

and storage capacity.

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6. SMART MACHINES

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Smart Machines

• Through 2020, the smart machine era will

blossom with a proliferation of contextually

aware, intelligent personal assistants, smart

advisors (such as IBM Watson), advanced

global industrial systems and public

availability of early examples of

autonomous vehicles. The smart machine

era will be the most disruptive in the history

of IT.

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Kenneth Brant, research director at Gartner, said in a

statement that the pace of “job destruction” will happen faster

than the ability to create new ones.

• In the Industrial Revolution, new technologies displaced manual

jobs while also creating demands for new skills.

• Will smart machines replace knowledge work–and create

demand for a new kind of workforce–in the same way?

Smart Machines

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• A true smart machine meets two criteria, said Brant.

1. First, a smart machine does something that no machine was ever thought

to be able to do. Using that yardstick, a drone delivering a package–a

model being contemplated by Amazon–would qualify as a smart machine.

2. Machine is capable of learning. Using the second criterion for a true

smart–the delivery drone fails the test.

• Yet that same delivery drone–regardless of how smart it is–could

still have a significant effect on productivity and employment in

the shipping industry, said Brant.

Smart Machines

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5. CONTEXT-RICH SYSTEMS

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Context-Rich Systems

• Ubiquitous embedded intelligence combined with pervasive

analytics will drive the development of systems that are alert to

their surroundings and able to respond appropriately.

• Context-aware security is an early application of this new

capability, but others will emerge. By understanding the context

of a user request, applications can not only adjust their security

response but also adjust how information is delivered to the

user, greatly simplifying an increasingly complex computing

world.

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4. ADVANCED, PERVASIVE AND INVISIBLE

ANALYTICS

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Advanced, Pervasive and Invisible Analytics

• Analytics will take center stage as the volume of

data generated by embedded systems increases

and vast pools of structured and unstructured data

inside and outside the enterprise are analyzed.

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Advanced, Pervasive and Invisible Analytics

• "Every app now needs to be an analytic app," said

Mr. Cearley. "Organizations need to manage how

best to filter the huge amounts of data coming

from the IoT, social media and wearable devices,

and then deliver exactly the right information to

the right person, at the right time.

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Advanced, Pervasive and Invisible Analytics

• Analytics will become deeply, but invisibly

embedded everywhere." Big data remains an

important enabler for this trend but the focus

needs to shift to thinking about big questions and

big answers first and big data second — the value

is in the answers, not the data.

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3. 3-D PRINTING

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3-D printing

• A small evolutionary step from spraying toner on paper to

putting down layers of something more substantial (such as

plastic resin) until the layers add up to an object.

• By enabling a machine to produce objects of any shape, on the

spot and as needed, 3-D printing really is ushering in a new era

of technological revolution.

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3-D printing

• Many technological revolutions of the past were driven by

energy—waterpower, the steam engine, the electric motor and

the internal-combustion engine, to name a few.

• The technological revolution under way now is not driven by

energy, however. It is driven by information.(Scientific

American(http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/informatio

n-driving-new-revolution-manufacturing/)

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Implications

• As applications of the technology expand and prices drop, the first

big implication is that more goods will be manufactured at or close

to their point of purchase or consumption. This might even mean

household-level production of some things. (You’ll pay for raw

materials and the IP—the software files for any designs you can’t find

free on the web.)

• Many goods that have relied on the scale efficiencies of large,

centralized plants will be produced locally. Even if the per-unit

production cost is higher, it will be more than offset by the

elimination of shipping and of buffer inventories.

http://hbr.org/2013/03/3-d-printing-will-change-the-world/ar/1

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Implications

• Whereas cars today are made by just a few hundred factories

around the world, they might one day be made in every

metropolitan area. Parts could be made at dealerships and repair

shops, and assembly plants could eliminate the need for supply

chain management by making components as needed.

• Another implication is that goods will be infinitely more

customized, because altering them won’t require retooling, only

tweaking the instructions in the software.

http://hbr.org/2013/03/3-d-printing-will-change-the-world/ar/1

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3-D Printing

• Worldwide shipments of 3D printers are expected to grow 75

percent in 2014

• The consumer market hype has made organizations aware of the

fact 3D printing is a real, viable and cost-effective means to reduce

costs through improved designs, streamlined prototyping and

short-run manufacturing.

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2. THE INTERNET OF THING

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The Internet of Thing (IoT)

• The Internet is expanding beyond PCs and mobile devices

into enterprise assets such as field equipment, and consumer

items such as cars and televisions.

• The problem is that most enterprises and technology

vendors have yet to explore the possibilities of an expanded

internet and are not operationally or organizationally ready.

• Imagine digitizing the most important products, services and

assets. The combination of data streams and services created

by digitizing everything creates four basic usage models –

Manage; Monetize; Operate; Extend.

•

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The Internet of Thing (IoT)

• These four basic models can be applied to any of the four "internets”

(people, things, information and places).

• Enterprises should not limit themselves to thinking that only the Internet

of Things (i.e., assets and machines) has the potential to leverage these

four models. Enterprises from all industries (heavy, mixed, and

weightless) can leverage these four models.

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The Internet of Everything (IOE)

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1. COMPUTING EVERYWHERE

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Computing Everywhere

• As mobile devices continue to proliferate, Gartner predicts an

increased emphasis on serving the needs of the mobile user in

diverse contexts and environments, as opposed to focusing on

devices alone.

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Computing Everywhere

• "Phones and wearable devices are now part of an expanded

computing environment that includes such things as consumer

electronics and connected screens in the workplace and public

space," said Mr. Cearley. "Increasingly, it's the overall

environment that will need to adapt to the requirements of the

mobile user. This will continue to raise significant management

challenges for IT organizations as they lose control of user

endpoint devices. It will also require increased attention to user

experience design."