1. Introduction

Super typhoon Yolanda/Haiyan hit the Philippines on 8 November 2013 with wind speeds of up to 235 km/h, rainfall of up to 30 mm/hr, and storm surges 6 meters high in some areas.1 As of 21 November, as many as 13.2 million people are estimated to have been affected, including over 3,900 killed and 4.4 million displaced. Over 1 million homes have sustained damage. Other infrastructure such as roads, airports, seaports, water supply, and electricity lines were devastated. Additionally, the storm caused severe shortages in potable water, food stocks, and medical supplies.

The response has rapidly shifted from provision of essential items to recovery of shelter and livelihoods. The IRC program strategy includes provision of material support for reconstructing shelters as well as assistance to either re-start or continue livelihoods, particularly fishing-focused livelihood systems in coastal areas which have been particularly impacted. Many fishing communities lost critical assets, such as boats, fishing nets, and other material. The physical market infrastructure – the places where fish are bought, sold, and processed – have been affected. The livelihoods of women and youth, who fill specific roles in the fish-oriented livelihood systems have been impacted as well as fishermen.

The purpose of this analysis is to understand how fishing market systems have been impacted by the typhoon, and to identify specific populations in the fishing livelihood system to whom additional livelihood support should be directed in order to re-start fish-based income-earning strategies. The study covered all the coastal barangays of Batad (Alinsolong, Banban, Binon-an, Embarcadero, Tanao and Salong) and San Dionisio (Nipa, Siempre, Viva, Poblacion, Naborot Island, Tiabas, Sua, Bagacay, Borongon, Agdaliran and Odjongan), municipalities of Iloilo Province, Region VI, and focused on the fish capturing activity (excluding aquaculture and seaweed growing activities). The assessment adapted the EMMA methodology to accomplish the assessment objective, but follows the data gathering and analytical processes of the EMMA toolkit. The assessment fieldwork took place from December 7th to December 11th, beginning with including half-day workshops in each municipality with fisherfolks association representatives and personnel in charge of fishery sector within the municipal governments. Focus group discussions were conducted with fishermen in all the barangays of the assessed area, as well as semi-structured interviews with traders, commissioners, vendors, households and boat builders.

The study focused on livelihoods related to fishery activities system. It included mainly markets systems for boat building, fishery activity and fish trading.

1 OCHA, “Philippines: Typhoon Haiyan Action Plan,” 12 November 2013.

Typhoon Yolanda : Market Analysis of Fishing Livelihood Systems DRAFT reportBatad and San Dionisio Municipalities, Iloilo Province, December 2013

Based on the assessment findings, the EMMA team has identified 6 main recommendations to support the re-starting and continuation of fishing-based livelihoods in coastal areas impacted by Typhoon Yolanda. These recommendations are (for more detail on these recommendations, see Section 5 below):

1. Support households to rebuild 16 to 18ft boats and access to 6.5 to 7.5 HP engine, potentially including additional grant for fishing material and inputs;

2. Support the boat builders market system, to reduce market-based bottlenecks to reconstructing boats (mainly the availability of skilled boatbuilders);

3. Support local fish traders and vendors for access to capital to restart their activities; 4. Targeting should be done at barangay rather than household level - some barangays are less

affected than others, but there not major differences in terms of the impact of the storm between households (participating in fishing activities) within a barangay;

5. Monitor financial institution decisions for support to fishermen;6. Monitor boat building material, engine and spare parts prices and availability when taking

the final decision for program design.

2. Fishing and Trading Market System

1. Fishing and trading market system2

2 the map does not include all the species and trading practices, but only the main ones (lobo-lobo for example which used to be captured with Sinsoro, is not represented here)

!!Logging

restriction

Fishing Gear Permit

Fisherfolk Association

Fisherfolk Registration

Permits, Licensing and Registration

(Business and Trade)

Sanctuary Ordinance

BantayDagat

Municipal City Ordinance

(Nat. Fisheries Laws)

BFARMC

MFMARC

!

Market environment, Institutions and Rules.

Fishefolks associationThere is one fisherfolks association in each and every coastal barangay (and two additional ones for Naborot Island in San Dionisio and an island belonging to Tanao barangay in Batad). Most associations have existed for over 10 years, some of them are almost 20 years old, but very few are active and functional. Only one association actually includes all the fishermen of the Barangay into the association (in Agdaliran, San Dionisio), and only two of the fisherfolk associations are offering any kind of activity (providing a credit system and commercialization of dried fish in Barangay Ban Ban, Batad Municipality; Offering a social security system in Agadaliran, San Dionisio). According to key informants, the fisherfoks association creation was promoted by the municipalities, in order to give access to projects, grant, credit, but have largely been inactive since then. It is not clear why some fishermen are not part of the associations.

The municipal ordinances define a framework for the sustainable management, conservation and development of coastal and fisheries resources. It includes the rules, fees and other regulations for fishery activities (including permit and registration), as well as seaweed , pearl, mussels or oyster growing, and the preservation of specific areas. This document is available at municipality level.

Permiting and registration requirements: Fishermen are supposed to be registered as well as their boat and to pay license and fees according to fishing gear, size of their boat and power of the engine, but some fishermen are not registered3.

Municipal and Barangay fish and aquatic resources management council (BFARMC and MFARMC) are present at municipal and barangay levels, and in charge together with FARM Office of the implementation of the municipal ordinance, as well as to formulate propositions for its evolution. The Deputized Fish Guardians (Bantay dagat) are in charge of the control of the fishing materials (to make sure material is respecting the norms) as well as ensuring that the laws are respected, in particular regarding closure period for specific types of fishes (e.g. fishing of tabagak, Hasa-hasa and other mackerel species is prohibited from November to March, spawning season) and restriction regarding fishing gears (Sinsoro & Likos) as well as trawling4 in municipal water. According to some informants, these rules are not fully respected most of all for vessel operating during night time.

Logging restrictions are in place for native woods but some hulls coming from Masbate seems to be from illegal logging. Risk of illegal logging is low for small and medium size (below 20ft) where local wood can be used. Normally, permits are required for cutting trees for timber, but following Yolanda the authorities suspended this requirement.

Traders, vendors and commissioners have to be registered and are paying for business permit and daily fees in the markets where they are operating.

3 Annual license fees for fishing activity vary from 300 to 2500 php according to the fishing gear, but for the most commonly seen during the assessment the fees are from 300 to 500 php. The prices for the annual license fees in Batad are 300 php / motorized boat, 100 php for non-motorized boat and 10 php per fisherlfolk. For commercial fishing, mayor permit/municipal license cost 5000 for small scale and 10000 for medium scale (prices for resident)

Credit

Net Supplier/ Tailor

Ice plant & retailers / local ice producers

Ice box/ basin (Banyeras)

Fishing material

Engine Supplier/Distributor

Boat and fishing material

Fuel StationAnd Retailer

Public Market Paddle

Crab Pot Maker

MechanicsEngine

Operator / Helpers

Local Boat Builders

Peak season

lean season

! !

!

!

!Wholesaler(Estancia,

Manila, Iloilo, Cebu..)

Traders / Commissioners

(Estancia, San Dionsio,

Peak season

Lean season

Local vendor

Shrimps, Lawayan, tabagak &

other types of

fishesCONSUME R S

CONSUME R S

FISHERMEN/ BOAT OWNERS

Wholesaler(Estancia, Manila,

Iloilo, Cebu..)

ExportCommissioners(Estancia, San Dionsio,

Concepcion, Alinsolong...)

Processing Plant

Buyer/Trader

SQUID/CRAB

Local vendors

The Market ChainMarket actors description:

Fishermen owning boats are about 400 to 500 in Batad and 600 to 700 in San Dionisio 5. Some fishermen are also involved in farming labor or carpentry, but fishing is their main source of income.

Percentage of the fishermen using each fishing gear

Fishing gear BATAD San DionisioCrab pot (panggal) 7.4% 14.0%Crab net (pangasag) 2.0% 28.5%Gill net (palubog) 29.6% 36.1% Bubo (fish) 2.3% 30.3%Bubo (squid) 0.0% 0.2%Bag net (baskal 0.0% 1.2%Sinsoro 0.0% 4.9%Hook and line (panagat)Fish and/or squid 93.5% 63.9%

Likos = gill net (kulong style) 1.1% 3.5%

Trawl 3.8 % 15.5 %Compressor 2.5% 1.4%

100,0% 100,0%The main type of fishing practiced by most fisherfolk is "hook and line" (panagat) which is used by 93% of the households in Batad and 64% in San Dionisio. Gill net (palubog) and Crab net (mainly in San Dionisio) are the next most important types of fishing gear. It's important to highlight that most of the households are involved in more than one type of fishing using different types of fishing gear. Most of the fishermen involved in passive gears6 (e.g. Gill net, crab net, bubo) and more seasonal fishing gears7, are also involved in hook and line. The fishermen owning only a non-motorized boat will be involved mainly in hook and line and crab pot. Trawling was significantly present in only 2 barangays (Batad and northern part of San Dionisio), and Sinsoro commercial fishing in only 2 barangays (San Dionisio). Batad municipality has no municipal water greater than 10.1 km from the coast, meaning no commercial fishing or trawling is technically allowed in this municipality.

Commercial fishing (sinsoro and Likos) and trawl are the types of fishing requiring more financial investments, hook and line is the one requiring less investment. Investment for gill net, bubo crab net and crab pot will depend of the size of the net, the number of cages (bubo) and crab pots, as well as the fishing area (distance from the coast). (See annex-01 for more information on type of boat, material required and main types of fishes or crab captured). The investment for fishing material can

4 Trawling and commercial fishing are not allowed between the shore and 10.1 km distance from the Shore. Due to its location in a bay and presence of islands, Batad has no municipal water where commercial fishing and trawling are allowed5 the data collected are 443 and 685 respectively, but there are data collected at barangay level, most of the time during FGD and can't be stated as accurate data.6 meaning that the boat is static while the fishing material is in the water; the fishermen wil have time to fish with hook and line, between the moment they'll put the fishing material in the water and the moment they'll take it out7 Some fishing gear are not practiced all year around, in Northern barangays of San Dionisio for example, Crab net, crab pot and fish bubo will be used mainly from September to December.

go from 500 (200 crab pots, 25 pesos each one) to thousands of Pesos (for Gill net, it is common to see fishermen with 5 to 7 net set, each one can cost from 2500 4000 pesos)

The wives of fishermen are mainly involved in net repairing but also in fish drying, selling (directly to consumers) and sometime directly in fishing activity with their husband (about 10 to 20% of households).

Capitalista: Some people (commonly called capitalista) from coastal or non coastal barangays will invest in fishery activity, mainly for commercial fishing, but will not be working on the boats. They will generally be the owners of the boats. Boat operators and helpers will operate the boats and will receive payment according to agreed sharing system (see below). The Capitalista or boat owner will generally come to collect the catch and sell it.

Traders, vendor and commissioners are mainly women.The traders will buy directly from the fishermen (and in few cases from commissioners) and sell to vendors, wholesalers, commissioners and processing plants. Often the traders come from the community in which they buy fish, but they are also based in the trading centers (Estancia, San Dionisio, Concepcion). The traders will also provide loans without interest (see below in services) to the fishermen and can sometimes support fishermen for supply of ice. For example, traders will go to a trading center (e.g. Sara) to sell their fish and bring back ice for fishermen when coming back to the Barangay. They do not own vehicle and have no storage capacity, and generally purchase from 3 to 15 fishermen.

The vendors will buy from the fishermen, from traders or commissioners, and sell directly to the consumers. They have in general a limited financial capacity. Similar to traders, the vendors buy on a regular basis from 3 to 15 fishermen.

The commissioners are based mainly in San Dionisio (9), Alinsolong (Batad), Estancia and Concepcion and will sell their products mainly to traders, vendors and in few cases directly to the consumers. The commissioners agree with the traders or fishermen on a percentage (7 to 10%) they will keep on the price the commissioner will be selling the product. the fishermen will get 90 o 93% of the selling price. The fishermen will trust the commissioner regarding the selling price (they will just agree on a minimum and leave the product with the commissioner) when traders will stay with the commissioner until the transaction is done. The commissioners also provide credit without interest to the fishermen. They usually have access to formal credit as well as informal 5:6 credit systems (See Section key infrastructure, inputs and market services below). The commissioners do not need transport (they sit in the same location where they received and sell directly the fish) and usually do not have storage except for iceboxes. The commissioner will have to be registered and pay fees for their activity.

A key difference between traders and vendors and the commissioners is that the traders and vendors will buy from the fishermen at an agreed price and decide the selling price taking in account their expenses and the market price, whereas the commissioner will take the product, sell it and will take a percentage (previously agreed with the fishermen or traders) on the selling price.

Processing plants are operating in San Dionisio (1), Siempre Viva (3), Estancia and Concepcion.They are mainly processing Lobo-Lobo, squid, crab, shrimp and shells. They may buy directly from the fishermen and traders, but more often they rely on "collectors" from the processing plants present in few barangays. The Collectors will buy directly from the fishermen within the community. Some processing plants will only accept products from their collector or traders who are previously selected according to minimum quality criteria8, they will not accept to receive products directly from the fishermen. The processing plants visited normally process a minimum of 2 to 3 tons of product per day, they will employ from 5 to 20 regular employees, plus 20 to 40 contractual employees according to supply. They will mainly export their product to Taïwan. Fish not accepted by the processing plants are often sold directly by the fishermen in the local market, and sometimes sold as bait within the Barangay.

Fish Drying: Only few traders are involved in fish drying, the wives of fishermen mostly to it themselves before selling it to traders or consumers. When the quantities of fish, shrimps or squid are not enough to justify a trip to the place where the commissioners or traders are located, fishermen will prefer to dry their catch and either to sell it locally or to wholesalers when they gathered enough quantities.

The prices (buying and selling) for the processing are stable all year around. Prices on the market (see annex-02 for indicative prices for Sara market) for most of the fishes will be around 20% higher in low season in comparison to peak season. The vendors and traders will in average sell at a price 20php to 40 php higher than the buying price, according to operational costs (transport, storage & ice if necessary). Some traders acting only as intermediate will add from 5php to 10 php per kg depending of the product and transport costs.

Price setting: the prices will be set according to the prices on the main markets (Estancia, Sara, Concepcion). The vendor / traders will deduct their expenses and the expected net benefit to set the price at which they will buy from the fishermen. In only few cases the fishermen will be the one deciding the prices he wants to sell, and price will be set after a short negotiation (fishermen normally sell to only one person, so there is no real competition among buyers to influence the price setting). The vendor will always try to keep his normal margin, and if the price is too low on the market for him/her to get his normal benefit, she/he will store and keep the product up to one week, until the price reaches the expected minimum selling price.

Key infrastructures, inputs, and market support services

Boat builders (see below specific chapter)

The main physical markets for fish trading within the assessed area are San Dionisio Poblacion, Bagacay (for northern barangays of San Dionisio), Alinsolong and Batad poblacion. These markets

8 For example, quality criteria include squid above 100 g/piece, shrimp above 15g/piece, shell above 2 inches and alive., etc.

usually handle sales of small and medium-sized quantities of fish; for large quantities they are usually sold directly to Estancia.

Fish Net suppliers are found in Estancia, Concepcion and Iloilo, not in the assessed municipalities. Crap pots or cages are made locally, (material purchased from the net suppliers and from local hardware's in San Dionisio, Sara, Bagacay, or other market centers).

Ice retailers were present in almost all the barangays before the typhoon, either from their own production with freezer (in small plastic bags) or from processing plants through local markets (e.g. from processing plant in Sara, it is stored in Bagacay market and retailed to the fishermen in the surrounding areas).

Fuel retailers are usually present within the coastal sitios. Price will go from 60 to 80 php / liter. Fuel retailers are flexible with fishermen regarding payment and accept to be paid after fishermen sold their fish.

Boat Engines are purchased mainly in Estancia and Iloilo, even if 2 suppliers are also present in Sara (retailers from companies based in Iloilo and Estancia) (see indicative prices in annex-03).

Mechanics to repair boat engines are almost not present locally and will be found mainly (not to say only) in biggest town (Sara, Estancia, Concepcion). Some mechanics are trained for specific brands and receive a license for repairing engine from this specific brand.

Operators, helpers and sharing system: Some boat owners can own several boats, or for one reason or another are not going for fishing (age, other activities, etc.), in this case they will hire an operator or captain for their boat. For some fishing gear (see annex-01) the owner or operator will need 1 to 2 helpers (will need more for commercial fishing). The operators and helpers are often from the same barangay, some of them are also fishing with a non-motorized boat and do not have the financial capacity to invest in a motorized one. In some cases the operators and helpers are from the same family (wife and / or children), however in some locations there are people, mostly single youth, who come from inland Barangays to work as helpers on the boats. The helpers (they are considered in the barangays as fishermen, even if they don't have their own boat) are about 400 in Batad and probably more than 500 in San Dionisio. The specific types of relationships between boat owners sharing equipment with operators and helpers will differ depending on the type of fishing gear used, and appears to be different in each Barangay.In few places, the helper will get 10php / kg of fish captures, or, if trawling the helpers will keep the fish and get a percentage on the net profit for shrimps (the owner will sell the shrimps, deduct the expenses and give 50% to the helpers and operator. The operator will get an additional bonus if the quantity captured was high). Most of the time (for non commercial fishing), the owner will keep from 40 to 50% of the net profit for him and the remaining part will be divided among the helpers and operators. The operator usually gets around 10% of the net benefit, additional to his percentage on the helpers' part.

Credit is available from different sources:

5:6 or Bombay: These are money lenders who will normally provide loans for 30 to 40 days maximum, up to 5000php and will charge 20% interest (this is called 5:6 because for every 5 pesos borrowed, fishermen must pay back 6). For specific customers and larger amounts borrowed, they can extend the period up to 2 months (10% interest per month). The person giving these credits are coming directly in the communities to provide the loans (fishermen do not know where they are from), and come on a daily basis to collect payments. This type of credit exists in 60 to 70% of the barangays.

Commissioners and traders are also giving credit (2 to 3000php) to the fishermen they buy the fish from. They are not charging any interest but by providing this service they make sure that the fisherman will not sell his fish to other person than him/her.

Ice and fuel retailers will also provide loan to the fishermen, but for only few days maximum (with no-interest).

Fishermen from San Dionisio and Batad can have access to microcredit from formal financial institution (TayTay, C.E.V, Dungganon, Card Bank, Life bank, etc.) in Sara and Balasan respectively. Formal credit is also accessible from financial service providers in Estancia, and this is accessible to both Batad and San Dionisio. According to information collected in Sara, more than 1000 person from San Dionisio are members of a financial institution. 9 The financial institution are also providing insurance (mainly loan, life and health insurance) as well as saving system. (see annex-04 for more information on modalities for access to loan and repayment)

Impact of the Typhoon on the fishery livelihood system

90 to 95% of the fishermen are not fishing anymore because of damage to their boats. Helpers and operators are not able to access to their normal income anymore About 90% (average, range from 70 to 100%) of the boats were totally damaged (totally

destroyed or only hull remaining) In San Dionisio, 655 fisherfolks were affected, for a total 638 motorized boats and 176 non motorized boats totally damaged. In Batad, 396 fisherfolks were affected with a total of 291 motorized and 184 non motorized boats damaged10.

Because few fishermen are able to go out on the water, there is very low volumes of fish (less than 10% of normal times) currently available for vendors and local trader, as well as commissioner and wholesaler to buy/sell.

Some commissioners are selling directly to the consumers and not selling anymore to vendors and traders

At the time of the assessment, Commissioners and traders were buying from Estancia (because local fish from San Dionisio and Batad are not available), resulting in increase of prices for fish and seafood on the local market.

Processing plant were inactive during 2 to 3 weeks due to damages in their infrastructure. They have today higher cost than usual for functioning due to lack of electricity and use of generator. The processing plant are working with less than 10% of their normal volumes of fish to process and trying to source fish from other areas. Their buying price is the same as before the typhoon. Only regular staff are working.

9 it was not possible to know how many of them are fishermen but this information is available at center / cluster level.10 Source: municipalities of Sand Dionisio and Batad, Department of agriculture

Fishermen have pending credit (from both MFIs , and informal 5:6/Bombays), and are not allowed to access to additional credit while they still have outstanding debt. Microfinance institutions gave a one month period suspension (moratorium) for reimbursement, and most of the MFIs are not planning to force their member to pay until January. Possible specific action for affected fishermen / traders will be proposed by financial institution (see recommendations part about monitoring).

The Bombays have not come anymore to the barangays since the typhoon and as a result, this source of credit is almost not available anymore for the population.

the demand for boat builders and building material is still not very high, as people do not have money to invest in new boats, material and labor. There are competing priorities at household level for scarce financial resources between needs to repair shelters, needs to restore livelihood activities, and resources to meet basic needs (eg food, healthcare, etc.)

The cost for ice is higher than before the typhoon. Production was stopped locally because of power outage and damaged to freezers in some cases, but ice is available from processing plants in urban centers.

The coping mechanisms developed by the fishermen include shell collection, gathering and selling scrap metal, labor work (in farming activities mainly), and charcoal making (from trees fallen during the typhoon). There has been a visible increase in number of households engaged in charcoal making from the start of the assessment. Coping mechanisms are almost only allowing to cover basic needs, not investment in livelihoods recovery

3. Boat building market chain

Because boat repairs and construction was identified as a major input to the fishing market system, the assessment team further analysed the boat building market chain.

Market Chain

Main market actors: The material retailers:

Manila and Cebu Wholesaler

(nails, plywood, epoxy, paint, GI pipe,

carpeted sheet ...) Wholesaler from Manila and Cebu,

Municipality level retailers, Sara,

Estancia and Iloilo retailers (nails,

plywood, epoxy, paint, GI pipe,

carpeted sheet ...)

Iloilo Wholesaler (nails, plywood, epoxy, paint, GI pipe, carpeted

sheet ...)Boat owner

Wood for Hull(locally for less than

20 ft boat)

Lumber(Locally made)

Boat ownerBoat operator and

helpersLocal Boat

builder

The retailers (hardware store) where boat owners from the assessed area are getting their material from are located in San Dionisio (2), Estancia and IIoilo City mainly, and also in Bagacay market and Sara. The retailers are getting their material from Iloilo City (except for Estancia retailers, who got it directly from Manila11). Wholesaler from Iloilo will get it mainly from Manila, but can be also from Cebu.

The retailers interviewed in San Dionisio Poblacion12 (2 hardware stores) had very few stocks due to shortage in Iloilo, most of all for Marine plywood 1/4 inch (10 to 20 pieces) which is the most commonly used for small and medium size boats, and for copper nails. They mentioned that only one brand was available during the past months for plywood (the Sandra Clara brand, more expensive and better quality according to fishermen and suppliers was almost not available before the Typhoon, it was not available anymore at the time the assessment was conducted). Stainless nails were available for boat construction. Both hardware stores had good storage capacity and can provide high quantities, however with financial constraints if they have to supply more than one hundred of plywood at once. The lead time for the retailers is about 2 days. They have no access to credit. Prices for material did not change in the past weeks or months and appear to be stable.

The boat buildersBoat builders are present in almost each and every barangay (see annex-05) for figure and ratio number of boat builders / boat owners per barangay). The boat builder will not buy the material for construction, it will be the responsibility of the person ordering the boat. In some cases, the boat builder will go with the buyer to choose and/or cut the tree(s) that will be used for the hull and/or lumber.The construction will normally done in the future boat owner place but it can also be done in other place, including boat builders houses.

The boat builder are using mainly manual tools (chisel, hammer, saw, planer, etc.), and some of them are using as well electric machines (planer, circular and drilling machine), but very few of them mentioned it. The ones using electric machines are mainly the person also involved in carpentry and in commercial boat construction (for the boat makers involved in small and medium size boat building, the investment is not really justified, except if they are the ones preparing the lumbers). Chainsaw can be used in cutting and preparing the hull, as well as lumber for the boat ribs, gunwales and other pieces.

License is required only for the construction of commercialized boat (only 2 boat builders have it in San Dionisio). Some boat builders would prefer to work during the dry season because the wood dry easier, but the boats can be made all year around.

Material & time required for boat constructionSize of the boat (feet)

Time required (including hull preparation)

Cost for labor only, in PHP Total cost (without engine), in PHP

10 to 12 3 to 4 days 1500 3000 to 500011 Panay Island Markets assessment for Boat Building Inputs, Save the Children, 29 November 201312 Retailers in Sara were not interviewed as only few fishermen mention it. Information from above mentioned document was available for Iloilo and Estancia.

(one person)16 to 18 10 to 15 days 2500 to 5000 15000 to 20000

24 15 to 30 days 7000 to 10000 30000(see annex-06 for quantity of material required for 10ft and 18ft size boats)

The differences observed in the prices are mainly due to the difference for the labor from one place to another (Batad in average more expensive than San Dionisio), and to the price of the hull (depending of quality and provenance). The assessment team observed significant differences from one boat builder to another regarding the quantities of materials used (most of all for lumbers).

The type of wood mainly used for small and medium size boats are Gemelina, Tipolo, Manganlaw, Santol, Talisay, Nawaal and even fruit tree wood, such as Jackfruit tree or Mango tree. These woods are all available locally, within or in neighboring barangay, for less than 20 feet boat length. In only very few barangay the fishermen said that it may difficult to find wood for hull locally. Many communities proposed that organizations provide the material and their "counterpart" hull to support boat construction.

For longer boats or better quality woods, some boat buyers will get it from Masbate, Mindoro, Banatyan and Sibuyan. In this case the hull will be purchased already prepared (curved). There are reports of illegal logging for boat hulls from these areas, which will have to be considered when supporting boat building.

Effect of Typhoon on the marketPrices remained stable for material in the market, and due to the number of trees fallen, price for hull and lumber could even decrease in comparison with two months ago. Many fishermen lost totally their boats but some of them were able to recover the hull.

Until the first week of December, there was a low availability of copper nails and marine plywood, but the situation came back to normal already.

The demand in the local hardware was less in volume now than before the Typhoon, most of the fishermen lost their source of income, have no access to credit for the moment and, and other priority needs to cover before being able to buy material for boat construction. As a result, the demand for boat construction is still not very high and most of the fishermen have not capital to invest at the moment. However, the skilled boat builders are few in comparison to the number of boats that would need to be made during the coming weeks and months to restart the fishery activity.

4. Summary of Key findings

Key findings for fishing livelihood and market systems overall : Most of the fishermen also sustained major damage to their houses and have very limited

financial capacity to cover all their current needs, including house repairs, replacing livelihood assets, and meeting consumption needs (food, etc.)

Only 5 to 10% maximum of the fishermen were able to restart their activity so far. Very few helpers to the fishermen have been able to benefit from this yet. The helpers are now engaged is the same coping mechanism as the fishermen

From 1 to 3 families will rely directly on one boat (18 feet boat generally has one operator and up to 2 helpers) for fishing activity related incomes

Women are involved in net repairing, fish drying (can be done by the men as well), marketing fish either directly to consumers or as small traders, and in some cases in fishing (most of all when releasing the net and hook and line fishing)

Fisherfolk associations are present in each and every coastal barangay but are not very active (only 2 out of 17 associations have a real activity).

Fishermen have to be registered as well as their boat and to pay license and fees according to the size of their boat and engine, and the fishing gear they use. Some of them (if not the majority) are not registered.

Municipalities restrict use of specific fishing methods (trawl and commercial fishing within the municipal water below 10.1 Km distance from the coast) as well as closed period for specific type of fishes, yet these rules are not always respected.

Access to credit by fisherfolk is limited. People having outstanding balance in formal financial institution are not allowed to access to credit anymore. Informal creditors ("bombay" or "5:6") did not appear in the community since the typhoon affected the area. Also, the small traders who provide input such as fuel and ice to fishermen have experienced a loss of capital and sharply decreased business since the Typhoon.

At least 5 financial institutions were accessible for the fishermen before the typhoon, but very few of them were applying for it. For those that have, some financial institution are considering options for restructuring or forgiving loans of fisherfolk, but it is still under study at management office level.

The access to credit in financial institution is limited for new members to 5000 to 7000 php Inputs such as ice or fuel are available even if local level ice production is not active anymore

due to power cut. Ice will come from ice factories, and will be store in place were power is available and then retailed in the barangays.

Fish traders and vendors have very limited (10% of the normal volume) or no activity at all as a result of the decrease in fishing because fishermen have not been able to go back on the water.

Traders, vendors and commissioners are providing loan to the fishermen without interest. These are mutual-interest loans, meaning that that by providing the credit (either in cash or in material) the traders make sure they will have priority in buying the fisherfolk’s fish. In general, the small traders and the fishermen are co-dependent on each other for successful livelihoods..

Traders from the affected barangays lost their capital and will not be able to provide the services, especially credit services, they were providing to the fishermen (loan, ice supply, etc.) and may lose their customers (person to whom they buy their fish). As a result, the traders may also lose their relationships with fishermen, who may sell more to commissioners if the traders cannot offer in-kind credit.

Commissioners are for some of them (in San Dionisio) getting fish from outside (e.g. Estancia) to retail it locally and not selling to local vendor anymore. Prices of fish globally increased.

Support for households to meet their basic and immediate needs is being provided by governmental and non governmental agencies throughout the areas targeted for this assessment. However, support for livelihoods was mentioned as the first priority by beneficiary focus groups, before shelter ("if we are able to fish, we'll be able to generate income to reconstruct our houses").

The main coping mechanisms are charcoal burning, shell collection, collecting and selling scrap metal, labor work (in farming activities mainly). These coping strategies are almost only allowing to cover basic needs, not investment in recovery.

Strategies for recovery include seeking for credit and support for governmental and non-governmental agencies, labor work (not identified yet out of farming activities and carpentry) and migration for men or women (only one family member would leave) to urban areas including Manila until getting enough capital to restart fishery activity.

The main support required to restart fishery activity is access to boat and engine. Fishermen think that as soon as they have access to boat and engine, they will be able to access fishing material (for those who lost it).

As soon as the fishermen will restart their fishing activity, the all livelihoods activities related to fishery will be able to restart normally.

Additional support may be required for traders to be able to keep working with the fishermen they were dealing with before the typhoon. Trader livelihoods have also been significantly impacted by the typhoon.

Processing plants have also very limited activity but do not need specific support to be able to restart their activity, their main constraint today is access to fish, shells and crabs to be processed, which can be remedied by supporting directly fisherfolk.

Key findings for boat building market systems (materials and labor) The main support required to restart fishery activity is access to boat and engine. fishermen

think that as soon as they have access to boat and engine, they will have access to fishing material (for those who lost it)

As soon as the fishermen will restart their fishing activity, they feel that all the fishing-related livelihoods activities related to fishing (traders, fish drying, fish selling, etc.) will be able to restart normally.

Capacity of local boat builders (in term of volume of boats able to be built by the current number of builders) is the main bottleneck for boat construction in the target area/

Availability of boat construction material in places were fishermen used to buy it (Iloilo and Estancia) is not a major constraint and market should be able to respond to an increase demand with a minimum of support (advanced payment for smallest hardware may be considered)

The most commonly used boats and engine are 16 to 18 feet long for boat and 6.5 to 7.5 HP for engine, and they offer to the fishermen the possibility to use whichever type of fishing gear they prefer or practice in their areas. Also, limiting assistance to boats between 16 to 18 feet appears to reduce the risk of supporting illegal logging for boat hulls as wood for these sized hulls comes mostly from local trees.

Some engines (estimated to 20 to 30% in average) were recovered after the typoon, but will need to be repaired or can't be used anymore (for spare parts only)

Fisherfolk have to be registered as well as their boat and to pay license and fees according to fishing gear, size of their boat and of the engine, some, if not most of them are not registered

5. Recommendations and Conclusions

Summary of Main Recommendations 1. Support households to repair or rebuild 16 to 18ft boats and to access to 6.5 to 7.5 HP

engine. Additional grant for fishing material and inputs may be needed;2. Support boat builders market system to reduce bottlenecks to reconstructing boats;3. Support local fish traders and vendors for access to capital to restart their activity and

preserve this important livelihood and function in the market chain; 4. Programmatic targeting is more appropriate at the barangay rather than household level, as

some coastal barangays are less affected, and there are not major differences in the impact of the storm on households within the same barangay. The difference in impact on households between the wealth groups within a barangay are not as much as it was before the typhoon;

5. Monitor financial institution decisions for support to fishermen;6. Monitoring material, engine and spare parts prices and availability when taking the final

decision for program design.

1. Support to fishermen (former boat owners, who’s boats were damaged/destroyed)

Support is mainly required for boat construction materials, hull, engine and labor for construction.There is a wide variety of boats and fishing material used in the assessed area, according to the type of fishing fishing equipment used and to the economic capacity of the households. Households can also be using the same fishing method but with different type of boat, engine and material (number of crab pot, cages for bubo or sizes of net) and number of helpers according to their financial capacities.

Considering the substantially higher cost for potential interventions and the risk of increasing pressure on natural resources, it is not recommended to provide assistance for rebuilding of the largest size boats. Even though these boats provide income opportunities for workers, greater benefit might be achievable by focusing on smaller (16 to 18ft) boats which also employ helpers (albeit fewer) and rely on locally available building materials. The smaller size boats (10 to 12 ft, non motorized) are not really used (very few cases) for fishery income oriented activity, they are mainly used for fishing for household consumption, and as a complementary income for helpers and households involved in labor work (farming mainly) or coconut trees farming for example. However, the households owning only small non-motorized boats are among the poorest households and a specific support could be consider for them even if fishing is not their main source of income. They may have also been affected in their other sources of income (particularly coconut plantation labour, or other labour opportunitites now facing more competition from out of work fishermen) and as such are now relying on subsistence fishing, using small boats, to meet household food needs.

The boats used by most of the households for household level fishing is from to 16 to 18 ft long and can be used for most of the fishing gear (excluding commercial fishing and the types of fishing

practices prohibited in municipal water such as trawl). These boats can be used with a 6.5 to 7.5 HP engine and required up to 2 helpers (on top of the boat operator or owner). Supporting the access to this type of boat will not only benefit to the person accessing to the boat but also to households (most of the time from the same baranagay) involved in fishery activities but having no motorized boat (helpers or workers).

There are several option in term of type of intervention to support the fishermen for boat construction.

Option 1 Value voucher for construction material; Cash grant for labor, engine, hull and possibly fishing materials and/or inputs

Option 2 Value voucher for construction material; Engine distribution or value voucher; Cash grant for labor, hull and possibly fishing materials

Option 3 Cash grant for construction material, engine, labor, hull and possibly fishing materials and /

or inputs

It is important to mention that within the households targeted for assistance, it is recommended to include also the boat owners (who are not fishermen) with limited financial capacity who have lost their boats, if they are from the same barangay targeted. Some boat owners are not fishermen anymore but are giving their boat to an operator from the same barangay, meaning several different households may rely on this boat for income.

Factors to consider for decision making: (see also comparative table annex 07) The scale of the intervention

In case of intervention of medium or large scale intervention (more than 1000 households), the supply of material and plywood may become an issue. It's important to highlight that the lead time (time for restocking) is about 3 to 4 weeks (at Iloilo and Estancia Level, for retailers in Sara or San Dionisio, it is about 2 days, but their suppliers are from Iloilo and Estancia) and be a major constraints in case of shortage of plywood and/ or engines.

o A update of the availability of plywood should be conducted in Iloilo and Estancia prior to any value voucher or cash grant program for construction material.

o Specific support to suppliers and preparation (review of stock, anticipation of coming demand, etc.) should be considered in case of large scale intervention.

Preferences for engines at community levelFor accessing engines, there are several possible programming modalities which could be used depending on circumstances:

o Value Vouchers: The engine suppliers are mostly specialized shops and are not offering any other items required for fishery activity rehabilitation, which limits the usefulness of value vouchers to support traders to access engines13. The only benefit

13 value voucher is suppose to offer flexibility in the selection of items, but in this case, it would be to access to only one item and the differences in prices between one brand or another is high, then it is difficult for the fishermen to pay for the difference (In Sara, for

for a value voucher (as opposed to a commodity voucher) for engines would be that fishermen could add their own funds or funds from a cash grant for boat reconstruction in order to get a better quality or more powerful engine. However, in Sara's market, the price of the medium quality 7HP engine is 5000php, the second option is 10500php. The substantial difference between engine types suggests that that the fishermen will likely not be able to pay for the difference. Also, they are accustomed to using the medium quality one for the majority of fishers. Further information should be collected at Estancia and Iloilo level to see if there are more options (hardware selling also engine and more options for engine) and to assess the current availability of engines (if they are coming from Manila and Cebu, lead time may be several weeks).

o Procurement and Distribution of engines: For the distribution, it will be necessary to evaluate the preference for one type of engine or another at community level (agreement at community level for one type of engine). It is possible to include in the contract with the suppliers delivery at barangay level by the supplier and buying high number of the same engine will probably be cheaper than a voucher program. The brand Loncin was mentioned as the one the fishermen use to buy before the cyclone.

o Cash Grants: Cash grant offer more flexibility for the fishermen to buy the engine she needs and prefer more, and it will allow him to buy the same engine than the one he may have recovered, and use the old one for spare parts.

o It is then recommended to consult the fishermen at barangay level as well as study the local availability of spare parts before taking the final decision regarding the modality.

Security and risk for misuse of cashThere are fears (as usual in countries where cash grant is not a common practice) regarding misuse of money as the amount needed for boat reconstruction (roughly 20,000 to 25,000) will be quiet important and fishermen are more used to buy boat based on credit and have little experiencing that amount of money. They may use part of it for credit reimbursement, even if it would be probably a very small amount (rate use to be about 300 php / month). As the need for livelihood recovery is high and a priority for the fishermen, there is likely a relatively low level of risk that any livelihood-focused cash grant is diverted to other purposes, however it could be assessed before taking the final decision. Security for people receiving the money still need to be assessed in order to be able to take the preventive measures and decide on the most appropriate modality.

2. Support to boat builder market:

The usual market of boat building in the assessed Barangay is not very important in term of volumes, because there has never before been such an enormous need for boats all at one time. The boats are mainly made locally but the demand is usually quite low, most of the boat builder interviewed did not construct more than one boat in the past 3 months. In average the boat builders can build a maximum of 2 boats per month for 16 to 18 feet boats (is they also have to prepare the hull, otherwise their capacity would be higher), and 5 to 7 boats of the 10 to 12 feet category. In some of

the 6.5 HP, there are only three brands available, the cheaper cost 3800php and the most expensive 10500php).

the Barangays there is not any boat builders, and in other there is only 1 for 70 to 100 fishermen (see annex-05).

If we assume that 9 of each 10 former boat owners (90%) will build a new boat, in average, each boat builder will have to built 15 boats in San Dionisio and 17 in Batad, it would take about 7 to 8 months respectively.

It is also important to take in account that: at least two of them (San Dionisio) have a license and may then be involved in the

construction of commercial boat (e.g. Sensoro), some of boat makers have less capacity (elder ones especially, reporting that they'll not be

able to be involved full time in their activity for a long period) and other may be involved in boat construction for "capitalista", boat restoration or carpentry or even house building.

boat builder are very careful with their reputation and then with the quality of the boat (many of them said that if one of your boat sinks, you'll never get order anymore), then they don't want to take more than one to 2 helpers, meaning that there is a limited expandability of the capacity to produce boats with local builders

many boat builders mention that their limitation to build high quantity of boats is also physically exigent and they would not accept ordered higher than 4 to 6 boats maximum.

2 types of support could be considered for the boat builders: Value voucher for toolkit in order to access to tools lost during the Typhoon for boat builder,

and to make tools available for potential helpers, especially carpenters, who could contribute to increase the boat building market capacity. The persons receiving the tool kit will have to commit themselves for the construction of boats locally.

Contact between boat builders from Typhoon non-affected areas (e.g. Iloilo), barangay's fishermen and authorities to invite boat builders to come to support the boat building process. The barangays captain customarily arranges accommodation for visitor and he could be given the responsibility for accommodation and food in the barangay.

Speeding up the boat building process is necessary, and both of these options address key gaps or constraints in the current market systems.

Other considerations: The boat builders are mainly using hand tools due to the lack of electricity, however the added value of providing generators and power tools appears to be quite low in comparison to the investment and constraints. It seems that most builders used hand tools previously, and provision of generators for power tools in communities without electricity since before Yolanda, will create tensions within the communities.

Chainsaws, which are used to cut trees into hull and lumber, could be considered as an option for support. However, there are strict permitting regulations around the ownership, and use of chainsaws, and only a small number of people in Iloilo are licensed to use a chainsaw machine.

3. Support to local traders and vendors for access to capital to restart their activity

Most of the local14 traders and vendors were also affected by the typhoon regarding their house, material and/or capital. Since the fishing activity is almost inexistent in most of the barangays, they

14 from the same coastal barangays

are also not getting income anymore from their normal activity and may require support to restart their activity. They could be able to restart their activity if fishermen accept to be paid after the product is totally sold, but they will not be able anymore to provide the services they used to provide to the fishermen (loan in money , ice, fuel, etc.). Some of them lost their ice box, basin, or other basic but essential tools, and will need to invest in the minimum material required for their activity.

The support to traders and vendors may not be the priority intervention, but it may be necessary to ensure that the normal fish commercialization channels are re-established, and that they can keep providing the services they used to provide to the fishermen. Without support to the small traders, there is a possibility that new actors may enter the coastal barangays to offer loans to fishermen in exchange for exorbitant interest, high repayment, exclusivity of sales at buyer-determined prices, or other predatory lending practices.

The modality could be a grant, as loan is not really totally justified (for household highly affected in their activity and limited resources) and it would be difficult to manage within a short term rehabilitation project. Commissioners should not be included, as they have easier access to credit and do not need to invest, they just keep a percentage of the total value of the fish received and sold.

4. Selection at barangay rather than household level

Taking in account the level of damage on the fishery activity (70 to 100%), it is recommended to target all the affected fishermen (boat totally destroyed or only hull only remaining intact) within a targeted barangay, rather than specific fishermen within the barangay (e.g. fishermen owning previously boat less that 16ft long or only practices "hook and line" fishing) assuming that the others may have access to credit or higher financial capacity. The differences between the wealth groups within a barangay are not as much as it was before the typhoon, and very few fishermen will have access to formal credit. Additionally, a selection of specific households within the affected fishermen would create tension within the community and as the most vulnerable fishermen are not be the one providing more income opportunities to the helpers and operators, the impact would finally lower than with wider targeting criteria's.

5. Monitoring of financial institution decision for support to fishermen

Financial institutions where fishermen use to get credit from are currently discussing possible support to fishermen (and other affected livelihoods, such as small traders and farmers among others) and they will take a decision before the end of the year (December 11th for Taytay ). These supports may include:

Access to 15,000 to 25000 php loans for fishermen, including for fishermen having outstanding balance but would be restricted to members.

Easier and quicker process to access to loan Loans with low interest

6. Monitoring of material, engine and spare parts prices and availability when taking the final decision for program design

The market for boat building material may still not be fully recovered (limited stocks, longer delays for restocking due to priorities given by the government in term of relief or other needs, etc.) and there are isolated interventions from foundation and/or governmental or non governmental agencies that may impact on the market, as well as high demand for construction material (marine plywood is sometime used for houses or furniture. Taking in account the already important lead time before the typhoon, it is recommended to monitor Iloilo's and Estancia's market at the time of taking the decision in term of modalities for boat construction15.

For engine, as it is previously mentioned, a quick assessment of the suppliers in Iloilo and Estancia is required as well as the market of spare parts for the specific brands, and availability of competent mechanics (mechanics receive certification for specific brands).An update may be required at the time of taking the final decision.

15 Due to time and resources constraints, the assessment team did not cover the market out of the assessed area

6. ANNEXES

ANNEX-01Fishing gear Type of fish and

seafood usually captured

Main Fishing Months

Type of boat used (size) /

crew / engine

Other materials required

Crab pot (pangaal)

Crab (red & blue) All year around (peak season May to November)

16 to 30 ft1-2 persons7 to 16HP

Bamboo and plastic baskets

Crab net (pangasag : gill net specific for crab)

Crab May to October 16 to 30 ft2-3 persons7 to 16 HP

1 to 10 net set / boat (200 to 500 meters / set)

Gill net (palubog)

Lawayan*, Agumaa*, Lagaw, Latab*, Asn-os; lambiyaw, dalinnan, tabilos

November to March for Lawayan, and Latab

16 to 30 ft1-2 persons

Net N°8 & 7.5 (hasa, Lambiyaw, Agumaa, Lagaw, Dalinnan, Tabilos N°6 & 5.5 Latab, Lawayan, Buga-ong

Bubo (fish) Ubusan lapu-lapu, abatan

16 to 30 ft7.5 to 16 to 20 HP1-2 persons

Bamboo frame, net size 8

Bubo (squid) Squid 16 to 30 ft7.5 to 16 to 20 HP1-2 persons

Bamboo Frame net size 8

Bag net (baskal) Mainly Squid + Dalinn-an, Hasa-Hasa

All year around, only by night

30 ft16HP3 persons

InnetLight usin generator set, petrol lamp, battery operator

Sensoro (Danish seining)Commmercial fishing

Lobo-lobo (for processing)Dilis

All year around Above 30 ft 10-15 operatorEngine Kubota 4DR5

Net= Innet screen (black screen)

Hulbot -hulbot Do not exist annymore, illegal

Hook and line (panagat)

Lagaw, Asn_nos, upo-san, tanigue

All year around 10-15 feet6-7.5 hp / paddleOperator: 1-2 persons

Compressor Shells, medium to big size / fish for Aquarium

Small compressor

Likos = gill net (kulong style)Commercial

Tuloy, tanban,tabagak

May-Oct(closed season for mackerel family

Above 30 ft4DR5 Kubota engine

12-13 size nylon netFish finder (saunar)

fishing form Nov to March; spawning season)

7-8 persons operating

Trawl Shrimp, crab, pusit (bottom dweller fish)

All year around 20 ft above, 4DR5

Net, rope,

Siklob Hasa-hasa,Bagud long, bulaw

30 ft16HP3 persons

Nylon net size 13 _ light operated

ANNEX-02Indicative prices (differences are observed from one place to another):

Type of Fish Price paid to the fishermen

Price sold to consumer (Sara) (Peak Season)

Peak Season Price paid to fishermen (Off- Season)

Price sold to consumer (Sara)

Off season

Lawayan 100 140 Sept - Dec 120 160 Feb - MayLatab 60 100 Sept - Dec 80 120 June-augAsuito 90 140 Sept - Dec 120 160 June-augLagan 100 140 Sept - Dec 120 160 June-augPusit 110 140 120 160Crab 120 160 120 160Tabagak 40 100 June july 40 80 Jan - augustDiris 50 100 50 100 Jan - august

ANNEX-03Prices (php) of new engine in Sara: Brand / Power Hakata Loncin Briggs Karera Takte

6.5 HP 3800 4500 105007.0 HP 5000 500010 HP 11000 11000 25000 12500 11000 (diesel)12 HP 12000 (diesel) 12000 (diesel) 13000 (diesel) 12000 (diesel)

16 HP 30000 (diesel)

ANNEX-04

All the microfinance institutions are following almost the same process to integrate new members:1. the applicant will send his application for a loan2. the applicant needs to provide Barangay clearance (attests that he's resident in the barangay

and has not pending cases)3. the institution will do a social investigation (come to check assets; livelihoods activity,

interview neighbors...) 4. orientation will be provided to the applicant on loan, saving services, insurance... 5. the applicant will be interviewed by a GRT (Group Recognition Test)6. the applicant get the loan.

For most of the institution, the members will have to be part of a group (also called cluster or center) of members from the same or neighboring barangay.

The main objectives of the group are to facilitate the reimbursement's collection, to receive training and in some cases to do bible reading and sharing.

Microfinance institutions sometimes provide also insurance together with the loan. The different types of insurance include loan insurance, calamity insurance (for house only), life insurance, scholarship insurance, etc.

The members are not allowed to have more than one loan at one time.

For the first loan (also called first cycle), the maximum amount is from 5000 to 7000 and it will increase for the second cycle, and for each following cycle from 2000 to 5000 php per cycle, according to the institution. The usual period is 5 to 6 months.

Only one institution has a different way of working (Card Bank), and is working with individuals.

The institutions state an interest rate around 2 to 3% per month but the effective rates reach 35 to 45% for 6 months.

ANNEX-05: Fishermen, Boats and boatbuilders builders per Barangay assessed

Munici-pality BARANGAY

Nb of Fishermen

without boat (operator and

regular helpers)

Nb of fishermen owning at least one

fishing boat

Nb of boat

builders

Ratio nb of boat

owner / boat builder

Source of wood for hull

Batad

BINO-AN 22 44 5 9 Local & from Masbate

BANBAN 31 23 4 6 Mindoro, Sibuyan, Masbate, Local(small)

TANAO 197 103 1 103Banatyan & Masbate, Local (small)

SALONG 19 8 3 3 Local: Gemelina, Tipolo

ALINSOLONG 81 169 10 17 Local: Gemelina

EMBARCADERO 20 90 5 18

Local: Gemelina, Santol, Talisay,

Masbate: Lawaan, TipoloTotal Batad 370 480 28 17

San Dionisio

ODIONGAN 44 70 1 70 No data: respondent does not know

BAGACAY X 39 0 - No dataBORONGON 75 94 8 12 LocalAGDALIRAN x 170 20 9 local: Gemelina, Santol

NABOROT X 40 2 20Local: GemelinaMasbate: Santol, Tipolo, Lawaan

SUA 100 104 7 15 Local: Tipolo, Gemelina, Maganlaw

TIABAS 60 90 3 30 Local: Gemelina, TipoloNIPA X 43 0 - Local

SIEMPRE VIVA X 78 1 78 Masbate: Lawaan, Tipolo Local: Gemelina

Total San Dionisio X 607 41 15

ANNEX-06: Boat Building Materials(Note: quantities and size for lumbers change from one boat builder to another) SIZE OF BOAT

TYPES OF MATERIALS Unit 10 FT 18 FTPlywood (1/4 inch, 4x8ft) pc 1,5 6

Nails 1 inch kg 1 3

Nails 2 inches kg 0,25 3

Epoxy Quart 0,5 1

Paint (enamel white) Gallon 1 2

Lumber 1x1/2x14 pc 2 0

Lumber 1x2x10 pc 8 10

Lumber 2x3x14 0 4

Stainless shafting #8 pc 0 1

Propeller 5/8 pc 0 1

GI pipe 0 1 schedule 40

Timon 6x8 pc 0 1

Stainless for EngineVolt (#1/2x 4) pc 0 2

Stainless for Engine Volt (#3/8 x3) pc 0 3

Nylon # 15 kg 0 1

Hull (Gemalina) 1 pc php 500.00 php 1500 to 2500

TYPES OF MATERIALS Price San Dionisio UnitPlywood (1/' inch, 4x8ft) / marine 370 piece

Nails 1 inch 620 kgNails 2 inches 620 kg

Epoxy 120 QuartPaint (enamel white) 560 Gallon

Lumber 1x1x12 60 pc

Lumber 2x2x12 108 pc

ANNEX-07: Response Options Matrix

RESPONSE ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES RISK &ASSUMPTIONS

SUPPORT REQUIRED

FOR MARKET

INDICATORS &FACTORS TO

MONITOR1. Fisherman &

Boat owners-Value VoucherFor: boat construction material, fishing materials

-Value voucher for engine

-Flexibility on choosing materials particularly quality specs & quantity

-We can ensure that they will have access to an engine that is set standard

-Purchased materials are not all for the purpose

-Limited flexibility for fisherman to choose the preferred engine

-Supply of materials might not be enough-Price might increase because of high demand,

-Supplier of spare parts are accessible-Price of spare parts is affordable-Agreement with community on the targeted engine (Quality, Brand, Specs)-prices of engine remain stable

-Increased capital of hardware’s to meet the high demand

-Increased capital of hardware’s to meet the high demand-Ensured that budget is within price range of certain engines with high quality-ensure that there are enough supplies distributing parts

-Price stability- Availability of materials-Materials for sale passed standards

-Availability of engine-availability and prices of spare parts for each brand-the time for delivery of engines -check mechanics with list of certifiers (TESDA, BRSIGS, etc.)-Possible delivery arrangements

Direct Distribution(Engine)

-ensure that fishermen will have access to an engine that is set standard-negotiated price can be lower than market price and include delivery in site

Absence of flexibility for access to preferred engine

Agreement with community of the commodities (Quality ,Brand, Specs)

-Price-time for delivery-availability of preferred engine-Spare parts and mechanics are available for the selected engine

2. Cash grant for hull & labor

3.4.5.6.7.8.9.

Cash grant for hull, labor, construction material and engine

Flexibility for the fishermen for the selection of the boat buidersFishermen able to access a hull for free can use the save money for other purpose (fishing material...)Fishermen will give priority to other expenses

-Flexibility to buy preferred materials & find best boat builders-Flexibility to find supplier-More options for restoration-Easy to implement-Cost effective

Availability of boat builder

-Focus on buying sub-standard materials to save money-It can be an opportunity to use money for other purposes which is not related to rehab of livelihood-difficulty to monitor suppliers capacity

-availability of hull-Beneficiaries might lose cash (i.c. Robbery)-boat builders increase their prices because of high demand-security allow cash grant without

-Supply and prices remaining stable-security allow transfer of corresponding amount of cash

-Support arrival of boat builder from other area’s

-Strengthened mode of release (i.c. use checks)-Establish network/relationship with suppliers, landowners (for hulls), boat builders, mechanics

-Available boat builders, registered mechanics

-security-prices and availability of targeted items-market capacity Vs project size

BOAT BUILDERS – Value Voucher for ToolsADVANTAGE DISADVANTAGES RISK &

ASSUMPTIONSSUPORT

REQUIREDFOR MARKET

FACTORS INDICATOR TO

MONITOR

-Assurance that builders will have access to the necessary tools-helpers have access to tools-Gives choice to builders of what tools he/she needs

-Suppliers might not have the preferred product/commodity-Builders may buy the tools for other purpose

-Builders may get into “arrangement” with suppliers to buy the voucher at discount-Builders may sell the tools-Prices will be stable-Intentional raising of prices to maximize the value of vouchers

-Advance payment to suppliers to procure the materials

-Prices and availability of products (tools)-stocks

ADVANTAGE DISADVANTAGES RISK &ASSUMPTIONS

SUPORT REQUIRED

FOR MARKET

FACTORSINDICATOR TO MONITOR

Trader/Vendorcash grant for capitalTraders can restart their activity as soon as the fishery activity restart

Other traders do not come to replace them in the commercial chain

Other needs may be covered and loan system developped from fishermen to traders