Introduction• CVD is any disease that affects the function of the heart, arteries and heart valves.

• The most common form of CVD is Coronary Heart Disease.

• CVD is the leading cause of death in many countries, especially in developed countries.

The Human Heart• The heart’s main

function is to circulate blood in the body.Main Parts:

• The four Chambers• Aorta• Pulmonary Artery• Heart Valves

Source: Google Image Search: Human Heart

History• 400 BC, Greece: the first case of CVD was

discovered by Hippocrates.• The fight against CVD still continues, even

until today.

Source: The Nobel Foundation

Above: Nobel laureates who contributed to heart research

Stroke

Aortic aneurysm and dissection

Peripheral arterial disease

Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism

Rheumatic heart disease

Congenital heart disease

Coronary artery disease

Types OF CVD

Causes• Lifestyle choices

• Heredity

• Infections

• As complications of other diseasesLeft: Plaque

Right: Bacterium that causes Rheumatism

Source: Encarta

Risk Factors

Some of the most common risk factors

• High blood cholesterol/sugar

• High blood pressure

• Obesity

• Inactive lifestyle (no exercise) and/or Unbalanced Diet

Effect of CVD on the Body

• Death !!!!

• Paralysis

• Restrictions on lifestyle– Ex: Diet, exercise required, less work, etc.

SymptomsThe most common symptoms of CVD are

– shortness of breath– dizziness, fatigue and/or weakness– chest pain (Angina Pectoris)– rapid/irregular heartbeat

Diagnosis• Stethoscope

• X-Ray

• Electrocardiograph (ECG)

Source: Encarta.com

Left: Stethoscope

Right: Color analysis of heart

(White part is the blocked artery)

Eliminating CVD• Lifestyle changes• Medication• Surgery• Heart Transplant

Source: Encarta.com

Above: Artificial Jarvik Heart

Effects of CVD on Other Factors

• Medication costs too much in many countries.

• Non-communicable

Source: Google.com

List of Works Cited

I Eugene Passanini. “Heart- Diseases.” Encarta

Reference Library DVD 2005. CD-ROM.

Microsoft, 2004.

II “WHO CVD Atlas.” WHO.in.org. World Health

Organization. http://www.who.int/cardiovascular_diseases/resources/atlas/en/

III “Cardiovascular Disease.” Britannica Encyclopedia- Volume 1 A-D. Britannica Publishing.

Pictures: Google Image Search, World Heart Foundation, American Heart Association, Encarta Cd-Rom, Mayo Clinic Website (www.mayoclinic.org), WebMD