Introduction Bre Be s

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GPS INTRODUCTION & TRAININGfor Kabupaten Brebes, Jawa Tengah

By Technical Support Team

of

PT. ADHIMULIA INTERNIAGATAMA


30 August 2012


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GPS history

GPS instruments*

GPS methode

GPS application


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GPS History

A S mengembangkan teknologi satelit navigasi GPS(Global Positioning System) bernama NAVSTAR (1986)

Rusia mulai mengembangkan teknologi satelit bernama

GLONASS (Global Navigation Satellite System) 1982

Uni Eropa mengembangkan sistem satelit navigasibernama GALILEO pada tahun 2007

China mengembangkan teknologi satelit untuk

navigasi bernama COMPASS pada tahun 2000

Prancis mengembangkan teknologi satelit navigasibernama DORIS pada tahun 1990


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GPS History


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GPS History


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GPS HistoryUplinkantenna

Downlinkantenna

Repeater


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47o W171o W

85o E

~18-20o


GPS History


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GPS Instruments


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GPS Navigation

GPS Mapping

GPS Geodetic

GPS Instruments


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GPS Instruments

GPS Navigasi

GPS Navigasi hanya untuk kegiatan navigasi seperti :

1. menunjukkan jalan/arah (contohnya GPS Garmin untuk

kendaraan Mobil, Pesawat terbang, Kapal laut, dsb),

2. merekam informasi suatu tempat/posisi (contohnya

Ashtech MobileMapper 10 untuk merekam posisi sebuah

tempat penting, misal restaurant, kita mendapatkan

koordinat dan foto lokasi)


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GPS Instruments

GPS MappingFungsi utama dari GPS Mapping adalah sebagai berikut :

1.merekam informasi suatu tempat/posisi (contohnya

Ashtech MobileMapper 100untuk merekam posisi sebuah tempat

penting, misal restaurant, kita mendapatkan koordinat dan foto

lokasi),

2.membuat peta tematik (contohnya Ashtech MobileMapper

100 untuk membuat peta persebaran rumah kos di kotaSemarang).


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GPS Instruments

GPS GeodetikGPS Geodetik dianggap sebagai GPS dengan kemampuan paling tinggi

dibandingkan dengan 2 tipe GPS sebelumnya. GPS Geodetik digunakan dalam

survei pemetaan seperti :1. Survei pertambangan

2. Survei perkebunan, perumahan

3. Konstruksi jembatan dan jalan

4. Survei pengukuran titik kontrol (di perbatasan atau titik referensiBAKOSURTANAL dan BPN)

5. Pengamatan fisis bendungan dan deformasi wilayah.


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GPS Survey Methods

Static GPS survey procedures allow various systematic

errors to be resolved when high accuracy positioning is

required. Static procedures are used to measure baselines

between stationary GPS receivers by recording data over

an extended period of time during which the satellite

geometry changes.Format data hasil


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GPS Survey Methods


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GPS Survey Methods

Fast-static GPS surveys are similar to static GPS surveys,

but with shorter observation periods. Fast-static GPS

survey procedures require more advanced equipment and

data reduction techniques than static GPS methods.

Typically, the fast-static GPS method should not be used

for requiring horizontal accuracy greater than 1: 100,000.Format data hasil


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GPS Survey Methods


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GPS Survey Methods

Kinematic GPS surveys make use of two or more GPS receivers. At least

one receiver is set up over a known (reference) point and remains

stationary, while another (rover) receiver is moved from point to point.

All baselines are measured from the reference receiver to the roving

receiver. Kinematic GPS surveys can be either continuous or stop and

go." Stop and go station observation periods are of short duration,

typically under two minutes. Kinematic GPS surveys are employed where

third-order or lower accuracy standards are applicable.

Format data hasil


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GPS Survey Methods

Bisa ato gani orang??


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GPS Survey Methods

Real-time GPS surveys are kinematic GPS surveys that are performed

with a radio data link between a reference receiver and the roving

receiver. The field survey is conducted like a kinematic survey, except

measurement data from the reference receiver is transmitted to the

roving receiver, enabling the rover to compute it's position in real time.

The distance between the reference receiver and the rover is largely a

function of your radio link. However, the distance between the reference

receiver and the rover should not exceed 10 km. See section 6.4-4 andsection 6.4-5 for more detailed information on RTK.

Format data hasil


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GPS Survey Methods

CORS NTRIP


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*GPS Errors


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KESIMPULAN

Sistem GPS yang sering digunakan antara lain GPS (USA), GLONASS(RUS), GALILEO (EUR), SBAS (JPN).

Klasifikasi alat GPS a.l : NAVIGASI, MAPPING dan GEODETIK.

Metode survei GPS a.l : Static, Fast Static, Real Time Kinematik (RTK).

Khusus metode RTK diperlukan koneksi antar receiver 1 (Base Station)dengan receiver yang lain (Rover Station), baik menggunakan UHF Radiomaupun NTRIP (berbasis GPRS).

Data hasil pengukuran : Static / Fast Static = raw data, RTK = coordinateslist (.crd)

CORS Station adalah Base Station yang beroperasi selama 24 jam non stopuntuk menangkap sinyal/data satelit, menyimpan data satelit, streamingkoreksi ke rover station (RTK).


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TERIMA KASIH...

ARIEF YOGA PRATAMA082132984097

[email protected]


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1 : 500.000

Base Station

12.5 km


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The meaning of NTRIP is NetworkedTransport of RTCM via Internet Protocol,and since September 2004 this protocolis a RTCM standard.

NTRIP is a protocol similar to the wellknown http, used for Internetnavigation.

Most of the time, data are in RTCMformat but CMR/DBEN/LRK are alsoused.

NTRIP


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CORS Station


CORS (Continuously Operating Reference Station)adalah sebuah teknologi berbasis satelit GNSS yangdimanfaatkan untuk berbagai aplikasi terkait penentuanposisi.

CORS Networkmerupakan jaring kerangka geodetik aktif berupa stasiun

permanen yang dilengkapi dengan receiver yang dapat

menerima sinyal dari satelit GPS dan satelit GNSSlainnya, yang beroperasi secara kontinyu selama dua

puluh empat jam.


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CORS Station

SERVER Download via

USB

Publish

Low rate RINEX

Raw Data

High rate RINEXStreaming

RTCM2.x, 3x /

CMR, CMR+WebSite

USER


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Format Data

Menurut standar NGS, format data perekaman GPS :

- Raw GPS :input files : aaaaddds.xxx

- RINEX Navigation File :Input files: aaaaddds.yyn

- RINEX Observation File :Input files : aaaaddds.yyo

Keterangan : aaaa = alphanumeric 4-character station identifier,ddd = day of year, s = session, yy = year of observations, and xxxis the receiver-dependent file extension (e.g., .DAT, .EPH, .ION,

.MES, etc.)

Contoh, RINEX data dari Base Station BEK0 pada sesi A tgl22/07/12 adalah BEK0204A.12o and BEK0204A.12n

STATIC Methode


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Format Data



- RINEX Navigation File :Input files: aaaaddds.yyn

- RINEX Observation File :Input files : aaaaddds.yyo

Keterangan : aaaa = alphanumeric 4-character station identifier,ddd = day of year, s = session, yy = year of observations, and xxxis the receiver-dependent file extension (e.g., .DAT, .EPH, .ION,

.MES, etc.)

Contoh, RINEX data dari Base Station BEK0 pada sesi A tgl22/07/12 adalah BEK0204A.12o and BEK0204A.12n

FAST STATIC Methode


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Format Data



- RINEX Navigation File :

Input files: aaaaddds.yyn- RINEX Observation File :

Input files : aaaaddds.yyo

Keterangan : aaaa = alphanumeric 4-character station identifier,ddd = day of year, s = session, yy = year of observations, and xxx

is the receiver-dependent file extension (e.g., .DAT, .EPH, .ION,.MES, etc.)Contoh, RINEX data dari Base Station BEK0 pada sesi A tgl22/07/12 adalah BEK0204A.12o and BEK0204A.12n

Kinematic Methode


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Format Data



- RINEX Navigation File :

Input files: aaaaddds.yyn- RINEX Observation File :

Input files : aaaaddds.yyo

Keterangan : aaaa = alphanumeric 4-character station identifier,ddd = day of year, s = session, yy = year of observations, and xxx

is the receiver-dependent file extension (e.g., .DAT, .EPH, .ION,.MES, etc.)Contoh, RINEX data dari Base Station BEK0 pada sesi A tgl22/07/12 adalah BEK0204A.12o and BEK0204A.12n

RTK Methode

Documents

Introduction Bre Be s