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Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012 Erasmus Teaching staff visit May 2012 Karabük Üniversitesi Turkey Open Hardware based on the Arduino Platform for the design of control electronics, robotics, interactive spaces, etc. Prof. José Manuel Ruiz Gutiérrez ------ Art School "Antonio López" Tomelloso (Ciudad Real) SPAIN

Introduction Arduino Karabuk University in May 2012_final.pdf

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Page 1: Introduction Arduino Karabuk University in May 2012_final.pdf

Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012

Erasmus Teaching staff visit

May 2012

Karabük Üniversitesi

Turkey

Open Hardware based on the Arduino Platform

for the design of control electronics, robotics,

interactive spaces, etc.

Prof. José Manuel Ruiz Gutiérrez

------

Art School "Antonio López"

Tomelloso (Ciudad Real) SPAIN

Page 2: Introduction Arduino Karabuk University in May 2012_final.pdf

Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012

Physical Computing is a new research field in which

our world of everyday objects and places becomes infused and augmented with

information processing and exchange.

The advocates of this notion demonstrate that physical objects have a sensory

richness of meaning that screen-based elements do not.

When we see, hear and feel real-world objects we are enabled to train both

cognitive and perceptual skills in combination. Such objects can help us create

interfaces that are easier and more fun to use.

Introducction

Page 3: Introduction Arduino Karabuk University in May 2012_final.pdf

Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012

Components of a Physical Computing System

• controllers – high-level (Basic Stamp, Phidgets)

– low-level (PIC)

– middle level (Arduino)

– wireless sensors platforms (mostly low level), Smart-it, Mote

– Middle-level wireless sensor platform: SPOT

• sensors

• actuators

• communication to other controller or PC – wireless communication

• programming environment on PC

Introducction

Page 4: Introduction Arduino Karabuk University in May 2012_final.pdf

Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012

Open Source Hardware (OSHW) is a

term for tangible artifacts -- machines, devices, or

other physical things -- whose design has been

released to the public in such a way that anyone

can make, modify, distribute, and use those things.

http://www.oshwa.org/

Introducction

Page 5: Introduction Arduino Karabuk University in May 2012_final.pdf

Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012

The new paradigm of "OpenHardware" solves the

problems of prototype development and provides the

community of researchers and students a powerful tool.

•Economical

•Powerful

•Supported by the Internet community through…

Introducction

Page 6: Introduction Arduino Karabuk University in May 2012_final.pdf

Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012

Arduino

Arduino is an Open Hardware Platform for

developing applications in the field of

Computational Physics applied to many different

areas

Page 7: Introduction Arduino Karabuk University in May 2012_final.pdf

Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012

What is Arduino?

Page 8: Introduction Arduino Karabuk University in May 2012_final.pdf

Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012

What is Arduino?

Page 9: Introduction Arduino Karabuk University in May 2012_final.pdf

Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012

What is Arduino?

Page 10: Introduction Arduino Karabuk University in May 2012_final.pdf

Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012

A Hardware A Software A Community + +

Arduino and Physical computing:

• Ubiquitous computing

• Physical interfaces

•... electronics materials for artists materials

What is Arduino?

Page 11: Introduction Arduino Karabuk University in May 2012_final.pdf

Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012

Arduino is a open-source platform prototyping hardware and

software easy to use. It is designed for artists, designers,

electronics hobbyists, and anyone interested in creating

interactive objects and environments.

Arduino serial port Arduino USB

Type of Arduino Board

Obsolte

What is Arduino?

Page 12: Introduction Arduino Karabuk University in May 2012_final.pdf

Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012

Can be used by artists and designers

Easy for the creation of prototype

Reusability of the components

Open: Freedom to inspect and modify

Large community of users: wiki, forums,

tutorials and examples available

What is Arduino?

Page 13: Introduction Arduino Karabuk University in May 2012_final.pdf

Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012

”Sketch” - a program that is written to run on Using an Arduino

Arduino IDE software

"Pin" - an input or output connected to a component.

Example: output to a LED, a switch, etc..

"Digital" - value either HIGH (HIGH) or LOW (LOW). (on / off,

one / zero). For example the change of state of a switch

"Analog" - ranges of values, usually 0-255. for example,

brightness of a LED, motor speed, etc.

Arduino Terminology

Features of Arduino

Page 14: Introduction Arduino Karabuk University in May 2012_final.pdf

Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012

The Computational Physics use prototype electronic,

making actuators and sensors microcontrollers for

designers and artists.

The idea is to design interactive objects that can

communicate with humans using sensors and actuators

controlled by behavioral models and algorithms

implemented in software that resides on the card allowing

autonomous operation s In addition to the interaction with

the PC.

Massimo Banzi, Tinker.it & Arduino Co-Founder

What adds to the Computational Physics Arduino?

Page 15: Introduction Arduino Karabuk University in May 2012_final.pdf

Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012

Introduction to Arduino

Arduino UNO

• Arduino is a microcontroller board that connects sensors and actuators via its inputs and outputs, analog and digital.

• The microcontolador is programmed using a language of Arduino (based on Wiring) using an integrated development environment (IDE) based on Processing.

Page 16: Introduction Arduino Karabuk University in May 2012_final.pdf

Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012

Microcontroller ATmega328

Operating Voltage5V

Input Voltage (recommended) 7-12V

Input Voltage (limits) 6-20V

Digital I/O Pins 14 (of which 6 provide PWM output)

Analog Input Pins 6

DC Current per I/O Pin 40 mA

DC Current for 3.3V Pin 50 mA

Flash Memory 32 KB (ATmega328)

SRAM 2 KB (ATmega328)

EEPROM 1 KB (ATmega328)

Clock Speed 16 MHz

Features

Introduction to Arduino

Arduino UNO

Page 17: Introduction Arduino Karabuk University in May 2012_final.pdf

Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012

Arduino projects can be developed autonomous (stand-lone) or can communicate with any software through the serial port on-line (eg Flash, Processing, MaxMSP ...).

Arduino boards can be assembled by hand or purchased assembled. The software can be downloaded free from the web. The schematic (CAD files) are available under open-source license, so that you can modify if necessary.

Introduction to Arduino

Arduino UNO

Page 18: Introduction Arduino Karabuk University in May 2012_final.pdf

Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012

Ethernet Arduino

Types Arduino board

There are many variants of Arduino each

geared to a specific applications, but they

all share the same hardware architecture

and the same communication protocol and

programming IDE

Page 19: Introduction Arduino Karabuk University in May 2012_final.pdf

Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012

This is the miniaturized version of

Arduino Mini made by Sparkfun

and is 100% compatible with

Arduino Duemilanove.

Arduino Pro Mini 328 - 5V/16MHz

Types Arduino board

Page 20: Introduction Arduino Karabuk University in May 2012_final.pdf

Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012

This board is based on the Arduino MEGA 2560 but modified to

allow use with the Android Open Accessory Development Kit

(ADK) for Google because it has built-in USB Host port.

Types Arduino board

Arduino MEGA ADK

Page 21: Introduction Arduino Karabuk University in May 2012_final.pdf

Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012

Types Arduino board

The New Arduino Mega 2560 ( rev 3) comes with more memory for the

program, more RAM and more pins. 100% compatible with the version of

UNO or Duemilanove.

Features: Microcontroller ATmega2560

Supply voltage: 5V

Input Voltage: 7-12V

Input limit: 6-20V

Digital pins: 54 (14 with PWM)

Analog inputs: 16

Maximum current per pin: 40 mA

Maximum current for 3.3V Pin: 50 mA

Flash memory: 256 KB

SRAM: 8 KB

EEPROM: 4 KB

Clock speed: 16 MHz

Arduino Mega 2560

Page 22: Introduction Arduino Karabuk University in May 2012_final.pdf

Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012

Arduclema (made in Spain)

28,00 EUR

INCLUDES NEW CONNECTIONS TO SCREW TERMINALS MORE ROBUST.

PULL-UP RESISTENCAS OF COMMUNICATIONS I2C. ACTIVATED BY

JUMPERS. SMALL (58x72 mm).

http://www.ray-ie.com/index.htm

Types Arduino board

Page 23: Introduction Arduino Karabuk University in May 2012_final.pdf

Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012

Arduino BT (Bluetooth)

99.00 €

This board is the Bluetooth version of the

Arduino Diecimila USB.

http://www.bricogeek.com/

Types Arduino board

Page 24: Introduction Arduino Karabuk University in May 2012_final.pdf

Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012

Arduino mini Arduino Nano

http://www.bricogeek.com/

29.00 €

Reducing the size of Arduino has its

greatest exponents in these designs

Types Arduino board

Page 25: Introduction Arduino Karabuk University in May 2012_final.pdf

Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012

Arduino XBee Shield

39.00 €

Board for Arduino Diecimila USB pincorporating

an XBee wireless module from MaxStream.

Use a modified protocol of ZigBee and allows

for wireless communications. This board fits

perfectly into the Arduino Diecimila USB and

feeds on it.

http://www.bricogeek.com/

Types Arduino board

Page 26: Introduction Arduino Karabuk University in May 2012_final.pdf

Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012

Lilypad

Programming Lilypad

$19.95

Diámetro 5 cm. http://www.sparkfun.com/commerce/categories.php

The miniaturized version of Arduino:

It can be deployed in dresses. Small

devices etc. ..

Types Arduino board

Page 27: Introduction Arduino Karabuk University in May 2012_final.pdf

Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012

Introduction to Arduino

Overview of the Arduino Decimila

Page 28: Introduction Arduino Karabuk University in May 2012_final.pdf

Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012

Arduino: Power supply

Through the USB port

Battery Through external power

supply (5 to 15V)

Arduino has two basic forms of energy supply

Page 29: Introduction Arduino Karabuk University in May 2012_final.pdf

Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012

Inputs/Ouputs Digital

Pins 14 (up to 20)

6 Inputs analog six (6)

Outputs analog (PWM) Six (6)

Arduino: Inputs Opuputs

Here we see the arrangement of input and output

Arduino UNO

Page 30: Introduction Arduino Karabuk University in May 2012_final.pdf

Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012

Reed Switch

Switch

movement

button

Digital input sensors

Types of hardware elements

connectable to the digital

inputs of Arduino UNO

Page 31: Introduction Arduino Karabuk University in May 2012_final.pdf

Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012

temperature

Piezo compass

Breathalyzer

Ultrasonic

Distance

Humidity Joystick

Resistive force

sensor

Analog input sensors

microphone

Types of hardware elements can be connected to

the analog inputs of Arduino UNO

Page 32: Introduction Arduino Karabuk University in May 2012_final.pdf

Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012

servomotor

Stepper motor Relay

LED Tricolor RGB

Array Leds

Display

Two color 8x8

LED Matrix

solenoid

Ouput Actuators Types of hardware elements can be

connected to the Arduino digital

output ONE

Page 33: Introduction Arduino Karabuk University in May 2012_final.pdf

Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012

Arduino Lab Kit

€ 117,88

72,50 €

Arduino Kits Here are a few kits marketed for training

Arduino Open Hardware Platform

Page 34: Introduction Arduino Karabuk University in May 2012_final.pdf

Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012

Arduino Relay Shield Arduino Shield Kit

Plug and Play Modules

Arduino Shields

To assemble applications with the Arduino

platform provides a wide range of shields

that facilitate prototyping work

For connecting high power loads

Page 35: Introduction Arduino Karabuk University in May 2012_final.pdf

Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012

Arduino Shield Motor 2A DFRobot Arduino Shield Module Board DFRobot

Arduino Shields

To power small motor For assembly of electronic

components wired

Page 36: Introduction Arduino Karabuk University in May 2012_final.pdf

Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012

Arduino: Comunication

Serial Port: RX/TX

USB Port (FTDI)

ICSP

For firmware programming

For programming

In PC applications

serial communication

with other elements

Page 37: Introduction Arduino Karabuk University in May 2012_final.pdf

Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012

Arduino: Proccesor

Reset button Clock a 16/20 Mhz

Microcontroler Atmega 8/168 Æ

Arduino has ...

Page 38: Introduction Arduino Karabuk University in May 2012_final.pdf

Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012

Arduino-PC Connection

RS232 Serial Cable

Cable USB Port

Type I

Type II

There are two ways of connecting Arduino to PC ...

Page 39: Introduction Arduino Karabuk University in May 2012_final.pdf

Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012

Installing Arduino

1. Download the Arduino software and unzip the file that

contains

2. Connect the Arduino

3. Installing the Driver

4. Restart the computer

5. Start the Arduino program

6. Verify that the Arduino IDE software recognizes the card

The steps for connecting Arduino

to the computer are:

Page 40: Introduction Arduino Karabuk University in May 2012_final.pdf

Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012

It will create a folder structure

1. Download the Arduino software and unzip the file that contains

Installing Arduino

Page 41: Introduction Arduino Karabuk University in May 2012_final.pdf

Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012

Activate the Power LED Flashing LED test card

2. Connect the Arduino

Installing Arduino

Connecting Arduino to PC will activate the power indicator. Flashing the

communication light indicator

Page 42: Introduction Arduino Karabuk University in May 2012_final.pdf

Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012

3. Driver Installation for USB port

Installing Arduino

The first time you connect Arduino computer detects the

connection and activate a plug and play process by which we

select the USB driver.

Page 43: Introduction Arduino Karabuk University in May 2012_final.pdf

Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012

SOFTWARE

INSTALLATION PROGRAMMING ENVIRONMENT

Once downloaded, to begin working with the development environment Windows, it is

only necessary to decompress the file contents compressed into a folder on your PC.

Once unpacked it is only necessary to run the file "Arduino.EXE".

(Arduino folder of the program should be in Program Files to work properly)

Installing Arduino

Page 44: Introduction Arduino Karabuk University in May 2012_final.pdf

Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012

The first thing to do is set up communications between the

Arduino and PC. To do this we open the "Tools" menu options

"Serial Port" and "Serial Monitor Baud Rate".

In the first of the two options we will select the serial port it is

connected to our plate. On Windows, the port will be COM1 or COM2

for serial board, COM3, COM4 ... for the USB card (or number plate

connected by a USB-serial adapter). If using a USB-serial adapter

name can vary.

CONFIGURATION OF COMMUNICATIONS

Installing Arduino

Page 45: Introduction Arduino Karabuk University in May 2012_final.pdf

Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012

The "intelligence Arduino"

is expressed by programming

language

Page 46: Introduction Arduino Karabuk University in May 2012_final.pdf

Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012

IDE Arduino

IDE Integrated Development Environment

The execution process of an program (sketch)

consists of three steps:

• Write the code on the card

• Compile

• Download it

This is the Arduino Programming Environment ...

To program the board is necessary to

download the Arduino website

(http://www.arduino.cc/) development

environment (IDE).

Page 47: Introduction Arduino Karabuk University in May 2012_final.pdf

Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012

File

New, save, load,

Examples…

Edit

Cut, Paste,

Search

Tools

Port configuration,

type of card ..

Sketch

Verify, compile,

Libraries, ..

IDE Arduino

Writing

Area

the sketch

Area Monitoring

serial Port

The main options are IDE ....

Page 48: Introduction Arduino Karabuk University in May 2012_final.pdf

Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012

VERIFY

NEW SKETCH

OPEN SKETCH

SAVE SKETCH

UPLOAD

IDE Arduino

Main action buttons…

Page 49: Introduction Arduino Karabuk University in May 2012_final.pdf

Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012

Loading a program from the

Arduino IDE to Card through the

serial communication port

IDE Arduino

Page 50: Introduction Arduino Karabuk University in May 2012_final.pdf

Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012

Process for executing an application

IDE Arduino

Page 51: Introduction Arduino Karabuk University in May 2012_final.pdf

Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012

http://www.robitshop.com/

http://www.robomore.com/main/

http://www.roboweb.net/

Arduino distributors in Turkey

Page 52: Introduction Arduino Karabuk University in May 2012_final.pdf

Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012

Realization of prototypes

For prototyping using a breadboard in which electronic

components are inserted and the cables leading to the I/O of the

Arduino.

This method is very fast and comfortable

Page 53: Introduction Arduino Karabuk University in May 2012_final.pdf

Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012

Frizing is a very useful design environment that helps

us creating prototypes at every stage:

Mounting on the breadboard.

Realization of the wiring diagram

Embodiment of the card

Realization of prototypes

For the realization of prototypes we can

help….

Page 54: Introduction Arduino Karabuk University in May 2012_final.pdf

Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012

Component Library

http://fritzing.org/

Software for the creation of prototypes

Page 55: Introduction Arduino Karabuk University in May 2012_final.pdf

Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012

Fritzing

We developed the prototype with the

help of the Breadboard and

components library

First

We get the Wiring Diagram

Phases for the elaboration

of a prototype

Second

Page 56: Introduction Arduino Karabuk University in May 2012_final.pdf

Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012

Fritzing

So elaborate Automatic / Manual

card components of our prototype

Third

Phases for the elaboration

of a prototype

Page 57: Introduction Arduino Karabuk University in May 2012_final.pdf

Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012

Fritzing

Elaboration on Fritzing Elaboration of the real prototype

Page 58: Introduction Arduino Karabuk University in May 2012_final.pdf

Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012

THANKS !!!

[email protected]

http://josemanuelruizgutierrez.blogspot.com.es/