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Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012
Erasmus Teaching staff visit
May 2012
Karabük Üniversitesi
Turkey
Open Hardware based on the Arduino Platform
for the design of control electronics, robotics,
interactive spaces, etc.
Prof. José Manuel Ruiz Gutiérrez
------
Art School "Antonio López"
Tomelloso (Ciudad Real) SPAIN
Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012
Physical Computing is a new research field in which
our world of everyday objects and places becomes infused and augmented with
information processing and exchange.
The advocates of this notion demonstrate that physical objects have a sensory
richness of meaning that screen-based elements do not.
When we see, hear and feel real-world objects we are enabled to train both
cognitive and perceptual skills in combination. Such objects can help us create
interfaces that are easier and more fun to use.
Introducction
Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012
Components of a Physical Computing System
• controllers – high-level (Basic Stamp, Phidgets)
– low-level (PIC)
– middle level (Arduino)
– wireless sensors platforms (mostly low level), Smart-it, Mote
– Middle-level wireless sensor platform: SPOT
• sensors
• actuators
• communication to other controller or PC – wireless communication
• programming environment on PC
Introducction
Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012
Open Source Hardware (OSHW) is a
term for tangible artifacts -- machines, devices, or
other physical things -- whose design has been
released to the public in such a way that anyone
can make, modify, distribute, and use those things.
http://www.oshwa.org/
Introducction
Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012
The new paradigm of "OpenHardware" solves the
problems of prototype development and provides the
community of researchers and students a powerful tool.
•Economical
•Powerful
•Supported by the Internet community through…
Introducction
Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012
Arduino
Arduino is an Open Hardware Platform for
developing applications in the field of
Computational Physics applied to many different
areas
Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012
What is Arduino?
Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012
What is Arduino?
Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012
What is Arduino?
Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012
A Hardware A Software A Community + +
Arduino and Physical computing:
• Ubiquitous computing
• Physical interfaces
•... electronics materials for artists materials
What is Arduino?
Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012
Arduino is a open-source platform prototyping hardware and
software easy to use. It is designed for artists, designers,
electronics hobbyists, and anyone interested in creating
interactive objects and environments.
Arduino serial port Arduino USB
Type of Arduino Board
Obsolte
What is Arduino?
Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012
Can be used by artists and designers
Easy for the creation of prototype
Reusability of the components
Open: Freedom to inspect and modify
Large community of users: wiki, forums,
tutorials and examples available
What is Arduino?
Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012
”Sketch” - a program that is written to run on Using an Arduino
Arduino IDE software
"Pin" - an input or output connected to a component.
Example: output to a LED, a switch, etc..
"Digital" - value either HIGH (HIGH) or LOW (LOW). (on / off,
one / zero). For example the change of state of a switch
"Analog" - ranges of values, usually 0-255. for example,
brightness of a LED, motor speed, etc.
Arduino Terminology
Features of Arduino
Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012
The Computational Physics use prototype electronic,
making actuators and sensors microcontrollers for
designers and artists.
The idea is to design interactive objects that can
communicate with humans using sensors and actuators
controlled by behavioral models and algorithms
implemented in software that resides on the card allowing
autonomous operation s In addition to the interaction with
the PC.
Massimo Banzi, Tinker.it & Arduino Co-Founder
What adds to the Computational Physics Arduino?
Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012
Introduction to Arduino
Arduino UNO
• Arduino is a microcontroller board that connects sensors and actuators via its inputs and outputs, analog and digital.
• The microcontolador is programmed using a language of Arduino (based on Wiring) using an integrated development environment (IDE) based on Processing.
Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012
Microcontroller ATmega328
Operating Voltage5V
Input Voltage (recommended) 7-12V
Input Voltage (limits) 6-20V
Digital I/O Pins 14 (of which 6 provide PWM output)
Analog Input Pins 6
DC Current per I/O Pin 40 mA
DC Current for 3.3V Pin 50 mA
Flash Memory 32 KB (ATmega328)
SRAM 2 KB (ATmega328)
EEPROM 1 KB (ATmega328)
Clock Speed 16 MHz
Features
Introduction to Arduino
Arduino UNO
Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012
Arduino projects can be developed autonomous (stand-lone) or can communicate with any software through the serial port on-line (eg Flash, Processing, MaxMSP ...).
Arduino boards can be assembled by hand or purchased assembled. The software can be downloaded free from the web. The schematic (CAD files) are available under open-source license, so that you can modify if necessary.
Introduction to Arduino
Arduino UNO
Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012
Ethernet Arduino
Types Arduino board
There are many variants of Arduino each
geared to a specific applications, but they
all share the same hardware architecture
and the same communication protocol and
programming IDE
Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012
This is the miniaturized version of
Arduino Mini made by Sparkfun
and is 100% compatible with
Arduino Duemilanove.
Arduino Pro Mini 328 - 5V/16MHz
Types Arduino board
Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012
This board is based on the Arduino MEGA 2560 but modified to
allow use with the Android Open Accessory Development Kit
(ADK) for Google because it has built-in USB Host port.
Types Arduino board
Arduino MEGA ADK
Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012
Types Arduino board
The New Arduino Mega 2560 ( rev 3) comes with more memory for the
program, more RAM and more pins. 100% compatible with the version of
UNO or Duemilanove.
Features: Microcontroller ATmega2560
Supply voltage: 5V
Input Voltage: 7-12V
Input limit: 6-20V
Digital pins: 54 (14 with PWM)
Analog inputs: 16
Maximum current per pin: 40 mA
Maximum current for 3.3V Pin: 50 mA
Flash memory: 256 KB
SRAM: 8 KB
EEPROM: 4 KB
Clock speed: 16 MHz
Arduino Mega 2560
Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012
Arduclema (made in Spain)
28,00 EUR
INCLUDES NEW CONNECTIONS TO SCREW TERMINALS MORE ROBUST.
PULL-UP RESISTENCAS OF COMMUNICATIONS I2C. ACTIVATED BY
JUMPERS. SMALL (58x72 mm).
http://www.ray-ie.com/index.htm
Types Arduino board
Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012
Arduino BT (Bluetooth)
99.00 €
This board is the Bluetooth version of the
Arduino Diecimila USB.
http://www.bricogeek.com/
Types Arduino board
Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012
Arduino mini Arduino Nano
http://www.bricogeek.com/
29.00 €
Reducing the size of Arduino has its
greatest exponents in these designs
Types Arduino board
Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012
Arduino XBee Shield
39.00 €
Board for Arduino Diecimila USB pincorporating
an XBee wireless module from MaxStream.
Use a modified protocol of ZigBee and allows
for wireless communications. This board fits
perfectly into the Arduino Diecimila USB and
feeds on it.
http://www.bricogeek.com/
Types Arduino board
Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012
Lilypad
Programming Lilypad
$19.95
Diámetro 5 cm. http://www.sparkfun.com/commerce/categories.php
The miniaturized version of Arduino:
It can be deployed in dresses. Small
devices etc. ..
Types Arduino board
Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012
Introduction to Arduino
Overview of the Arduino Decimila
Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012
Arduino: Power supply
Through the USB port
Battery Through external power
supply (5 to 15V)
Arduino has two basic forms of energy supply
Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012
Inputs/Ouputs Digital
Pins 14 (up to 20)
6 Inputs analog six (6)
Outputs analog (PWM) Six (6)
Arduino: Inputs Opuputs
Here we see the arrangement of input and output
Arduino UNO
Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012
Reed Switch
Switch
movement
button
Digital input sensors
Types of hardware elements
connectable to the digital
inputs of Arduino UNO
Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012
temperature
Piezo compass
Breathalyzer
Ultrasonic
Distance
Humidity Joystick
Resistive force
sensor
Analog input sensors
microphone
Types of hardware elements can be connected to
the analog inputs of Arduino UNO
Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012
servomotor
Stepper motor Relay
LED Tricolor RGB
Array Leds
Display
Two color 8x8
LED Matrix
solenoid
Ouput Actuators Types of hardware elements can be
connected to the Arduino digital
output ONE
Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012
Arduino Lab Kit
€ 117,88
72,50 €
Arduino Kits Here are a few kits marketed for training
Arduino Open Hardware Platform
Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012
Arduino Relay Shield Arduino Shield Kit
Plug and Play Modules
Arduino Shields
To assemble applications with the Arduino
platform provides a wide range of shields
that facilitate prototyping work
For connecting high power loads
Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012
Arduino Shield Motor 2A DFRobot Arduino Shield Module Board DFRobot
Arduino Shields
To power small motor For assembly of electronic
components wired
Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012
Arduino: Comunication
Serial Port: RX/TX
USB Port (FTDI)
ICSP
For firmware programming
For programming
In PC applications
serial communication
with other elements
Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012
Arduino: Proccesor
Reset button Clock a 16/20 Mhz
Microcontroler Atmega 8/168 Æ
Arduino has ...
Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012
Arduino-PC Connection
RS232 Serial Cable
Cable USB Port
Type I
Type II
There are two ways of connecting Arduino to PC ...
Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012
Installing Arduino
1. Download the Arduino software and unzip the file that
contains
2. Connect the Arduino
3. Installing the Driver
4. Restart the computer
5. Start the Arduino program
6. Verify that the Arduino IDE software recognizes the card
The steps for connecting Arduino
to the computer are:
Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012
It will create a folder structure
1. Download the Arduino software and unzip the file that contains
Installing Arduino
Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012
Activate the Power LED Flashing LED test card
2. Connect the Arduino
Installing Arduino
Connecting Arduino to PC will activate the power indicator. Flashing the
communication light indicator
Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012
3. Driver Installation for USB port
Installing Arduino
The first time you connect Arduino computer detects the
connection and activate a plug and play process by which we
select the USB driver.
Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012
SOFTWARE
INSTALLATION PROGRAMMING ENVIRONMENT
Once downloaded, to begin working with the development environment Windows, it is
only necessary to decompress the file contents compressed into a folder on your PC.
Once unpacked it is only necessary to run the file "Arduino.EXE".
(Arduino folder of the program should be in Program Files to work properly)
Installing Arduino
Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012
The first thing to do is set up communications between the
Arduino and PC. To do this we open the "Tools" menu options
"Serial Port" and "Serial Monitor Baud Rate".
In the first of the two options we will select the serial port it is
connected to our plate. On Windows, the port will be COM1 or COM2
for serial board, COM3, COM4 ... for the USB card (or number plate
connected by a USB-serial adapter). If using a USB-serial adapter
name can vary.
CONFIGURATION OF COMMUNICATIONS
Installing Arduino
Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012
The "intelligence Arduino"
is expressed by programming
language
Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012
IDE Arduino
IDE Integrated Development Environment
The execution process of an program (sketch)
consists of three steps:
• Write the code on the card
• Compile
• Download it
This is the Arduino Programming Environment ...
To program the board is necessary to
download the Arduino website
(http://www.arduino.cc/) development
environment (IDE).
Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012
File
New, save, load,
Examples…
Edit
Cut, Paste,
Search
Tools
Port configuration,
type of card ..
Sketch
Verify, compile,
Libraries, ..
IDE Arduino
Writing
Area
the sketch
Area Monitoring
serial Port
The main options are IDE ....
Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012
VERIFY
NEW SKETCH
OPEN SKETCH
SAVE SKETCH
UPLOAD
IDE Arduino
Main action buttons…
Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012
Loading a program from the
Arduino IDE to Card through the
serial communication port
IDE Arduino
Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012
Process for executing an application
IDE Arduino
Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012
http://www.robitshop.com/
http://www.robomore.com/main/
http://www.roboweb.net/
Arduino distributors in Turkey
Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012
Realization of prototypes
For prototyping using a breadboard in which electronic
components are inserted and the cables leading to the I/O of the
Arduino.
This method is very fast and comfortable
Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012
Frizing is a very useful design environment that helps
us creating prototypes at every stage:
Mounting on the breadboard.
Realization of the wiring diagram
Embodiment of the card
Realization of prototypes
For the realization of prototypes we can
help….
Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012
Component Library
http://fritzing.org/
Software for the creation of prototypes
Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012
Fritzing
We developed the prototype with the
help of the Breadboard and
components library
First
We get the Wiring Diagram
Phases for the elaboration
of a prototype
Second
Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012
Fritzing
So elaborate Automatic / Manual
card components of our prototype
Third
Phases for the elaboration
of a prototype
Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012
Fritzing
Elaboration on Fritzing Elaboration of the real prototype
Prof. José Manuel Ruiz May 2012
THANKS !!!
http://josemanuelruizgutierrez.blogspot.com.es/