Introduction

In areas where 3MDG works – some of them extremely remote – women have access to better quality

health care during pregnancy and childbirth. Infants have a fighting chance against the common conditions

that affect them, with improved post-natal care, immunizations and referral to hospital when needed.

Testing and treatment for communicable diseases has expanded, and those of reproductive age have a

better chance for good sexual health; they are also more likely to realize their reproductive rights thanks to

the availability of family planning services and health education.

In the first half of 2018, 3MDG covered 44 townships (with a combined population of 6.2 million) with

maternal, newborn and child health services. Nearly 23,000 pregnant women received the necessary care

before childbirth, with at least four ante-natal care visits. At these visits, health providers assess danger

signs and make sure high-risk pregnancies receive the level of care they need: there were 9,500 maternal

referrals in the first six months of 2018.

Since the 3MDG Fund began, 61,000 children have been transported to hospital when facing serious health

situations. Nearly 350,000 children were immunized against five common childhood diseases. In the first

half of 2018 alone, 33,000 children received treatment for diarrhoea at health centres or from volunteers.

Results since the start of the 3MDG Fund

The 3MDG drug use and health consequences programme continued to perform well, with 28,390 people

who inject drugs reached by HIV prevention programmes, representing 30.5 percent of the total number of

people who inject drugs in Myanmar.1 Increased access to care for women who use drugs, and female

spouses of people who use drugs, reduces their risk of contracting and transmitting HIV and other

1 UNAIDS website, based on results of IBBS 2017: http://aidsinfo.unaids.org/

communicable diseases. Tuberculosis (TB) results were strong in the first half of the year, with nine mobile

teams making 155 mobile visits, including visits to prisons and work sites. 3MDG also supported 205,000

rapid diagnostic tests for malaria.

People living in the most hard-to-reach areas of Myanmar are often reliant on volunteer health workers, so

3MDG is working with the Ministry of Health and Sports to strengthen and standardize the volunteer health

worker system and eliminate service gaps. In the first half of the year, the 3MDG Fund supported the MOHS

finalize a study titled “Situational Analysis on Village-based Health Workers”. The study is part of 3MDG’s

investment to strengthen the entire health system, and support Myanmar’s goal to reach universal health

coverage by 2030. During the first half of 2018, 3MDG supported the second Annual Operational Plan of

National Health Plan and the National Drug Control Policy. At the sub-regional level, 3MDG technically

supported the Kachin State HIV plan. The Fund also worked closely with ethnic health organizations to

support service delivery and promote organizational capacity development.

The Results at a Glance (see next page) diagramme demonstrates the majority of 3MDG indicators are

meeting or exceeding expectations. This document intends to explore further disparities between states

and regions and any underperforming indicators.

Commitment to reaching the most vulnerable people in need of health services will be carried forward into

the Access to Health Fund. The Access to Health Fund begins on the 1st of January 2019, and is supported

by the same four donors as currently finance 3MDG – the United Kingdom, Sweden, the United States and

Switzerland.

Results at a glance

Analysis of the Results Matrix

There are three types of indicators in the 3MDG Results Matrix. They are impact level indicators, outcome

level indicators and output level indicators. This analysis will focus on outcome and output level indicators

in four areas of work: maternal, newborn and child health; HIV, TB and malaria; health systems

strengthening; and accountability, equity and inclusion. Impact level indicators target setting is national,

rather than 3MDG-specific. It is most often not reported yearly, as figures are determined from nationwide

surveys and censuses, hence the non-inclusion in this analysis.

Maternal, newborn and child health indicators in 3MDG-supported townships

2018 TARGET 2018 RESULT (Jan-Jun)

CUMULATIVE RESULT

Number and percentage of births attended by skilled health personnel (doctor, nurse, lady health visitor or midwife)

66% 60% (20,095 total deliveries)

241,770

Number and percentage of women attended at least four times during pregnancy by skilled health personnel for reasons related to the pregnancy

71% 67% (22,483 total deliveries)

255,314

Number and percentage of mothers and newborns who received postnatal care visit within three days of childbirth

82% 77% (25,287 total live births)

286,474

Number and percentage of children under one immunized with DPT3/Penta3.

92% 86% (30,654 under 5 children)

350,156

Number and percentage of children under one immunized against measles

93% 90% (32,291 under 5 children)

344,394

Number and percentage of appropriate maternal (EmOC) referrals

16,000 9,473 (16% of all estimated pregnancies)

77,244

Number and percentage of appropriate child (ECC) referrals

(Nil) 7,683 60,824

In the period January to June 2018, 3MDG supported the development and implementation of

comprehensive township health plans in nine townships in Chin, seven townships in Kayah, ten townships

in Rakhine, and seven townships in Shan. The 3MDG Fund continues to support emergency maternal and

child referrals in four townships in Delta, and five townships in Magway.

Generally, there was increase in coverage of core indicator achievement in each state and region where

3MDG works. However, the phasing out of high achieving townships in Delta and Magway impacted the

overall result in 3MDG-supported townships, which showed a drop overall from 2017. Rakhine makes a

significant contribution to overall achievement numbers due to its large population size compared to other

states.

Graph: Births attended by a skilled person; ante-natal and post-natal care across 3MDG-

supported townships (divided by state/region) (January to June 2018)

Rakhine showed increases in coverage of skilled birth attendance, ante-natal care and post-natal care.

Despite still having the lowest coverage amongst 3MDG-support states and regions, this improvement is

significant. It is the result of reduced conflict with subsequent improved access to care, as well as improved

awareness and capacity in newborn care following training for auxiliary midwives traditional birth attendants.

There were also increases in all three indicators in Shan State, though results remain low. This is because

of unfilled basic health staff positions in some townships and challenges in meeting the requirement for the

first ante-natal care visit to take place with 14 weeks in areas that are geographically difficult to reach.

Results were better in Chin and Kayah States due to better health staffing, maternal and child cash transfer

(MCCT) programme in Chin State, and improved planning.

Graph: Number and percentage of maternal (EMoC) referrals disaggregated by state/region

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Overall Target Chin Kayah Shan Rakhine

Ante-natal care (4 times)

Skilled birth attendance BirthAttendant

Post-natal care

2428

1125

1700

405

1180

2635

20%

15%

25%

11%

15%

12%

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

Delta Chin Magway Kayah Shan Rakhine

Graph: Top five causes of maternal (EMoC) referrals

There were 9,473 maternal referral cases supported in January to June 2018. This was 16 percent of the

total expected pregnancies in the 44 townships supported by 3MDG. Percentages vary across states and

regions (from 11 percent in Kayah to 25% in Magway). 3MDG aims to support 15 percent of expected

pregnancies, based on World Health Organization figures which estimate that approximately 15 percent of

pregnancies will experience an obstetric emergency worldwide. In the Delta, a decreasing percentage is

positive because it demonstrates better application of the guidelines (28 percent in 2017 to 20 percent in

2018). A smaller, but similar decrease is evident in Magway for the same reason. In Kayah State, the

maternal referral rate was only 11 percent due to vacancies of station medical officers and higher numbers

of maternal emergencies handled at the rural and sub-rural health centre after basic emergency obstetric

care (BEmOC) trainings for basic health staff working at these facilities.

Child Health

All states and regions, except Rakhine State, have shown a slight decrease in Penta3 vaccine coverage

compared to 2017. This is explained in Chin State because the Expanded Programme for Immunization

dictated that midwives did not provide Penta vaccine in January and February, and also because of conflict

in Paletwa Township which restricted movement. In Kayah State, this decrease was because of midwife

vacanices in Hpruso Township, and restrictions on movement for basic health staff in Shadaw Township.

Similarly to the earlier-noted indicators, phasing out of high achieving townships in Delta and Magway has

also impacted the overall result in 3MDG-supported townships.

The coverage of measles immunization is significantly higher than 2017 achievement. Across all regions

where 3MDG works, 13 townships showed achievement higher than 100 percent. This was because

children who did not receive the measles vaccine in the last quarter of 2017 due to the Japanese

Encephalitis campaign, but did receive it in January to June 2018 period were not included in the numerator,

and the denominator is an estimated population of under one children. The actual denominator will be

available during annual reporting. Low coverage is seen in Paletwa Township due to conflict and

geographically very hard-to-reach context, and Sittwe due to security concern and low levels of health

education.

0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500

Prolonged/Obstructed labour

High risk pregnancy

Eclampsia/PIH/Pre eclampsia

Abortion

PROM

Other

Graph: Children under one immunized with DPT3/Penta3 in 3MDG-supported townships;

Children under one immunized against measles in 3MDG-supported townships

Provision of medical treatment to children under five years of age for pneumonia and diarrhoea continues

in Chin and Shan through trained volunteers. In 2018, Delta and Magway regions were phased out.

3MDG supports two channels for treatment for diarrhoea. At community level, this is the distribution of oral

rehydration salts and zinc. Oral rehydration therapy at health facilities also includes infusion if required.

Targets were met for both channels. Achievement at the health facility level reached 64 percent of the

annual target in the first half of the year. This overachievement was the result of higher prevalence of

diarrhoea cases in some 3MDG-supported townships, increased case management through community

clinics that are being strengthened by Ministry of Health and Sports and the addition of Rathedaung

Township in Rakhine State in 2018.

The achievement at community level was 75 percent of the annual target. This was mainly contributed by

townships in Chin State. The strengthened volunteer reporting system (VRS) and reliance on volunteers

for diarrhoea contributes to the high achievement. However, obstacles remain, including stock-out of oral

rehydration salts and zinc southern Chin and Southern Shan townships. This was the result of a delay in

dispensation from the 3MDG Fund Management Office. Follow up discussions on this issue were

undertaken with implementing partners and Fund Management Office, and corrective actions agreed. Other

obstacles were: high levels of volunteer health worker attrition, low VRS reporting rates and low utilization

of volunteers by communities for treatment in Southern Shan. There were commodity forecasting

challenges by the implementing partner in Northern Shan (Manton, Namtu and Namhsan townships) where

the requisition did not include buffer stocks, which led to stock-out.

86%92% 91% 92%

86%82%

90%93%

96%

106%

97%

83%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

120%

Overall Target Chin Kayah Shan Rakhine

Penta3 Coverage

Measles Coverage

Graph: Number of under five children diarrhea cases treated at health facilities and by

community volunteers

From 2017, there has been significant decline in children under five treated for pneumonia across all

states and regions, after the nationwide introduction of pneumococcal vaccine (PCV) in mid-2016.The

achievement level is also explained by the seasonal trend and a higher number of cases treated by

volunteers in Chin State. Nevertheless, the target is on track with the target that has been set.

In 2017 and earlier years, there was an overuse of antibiotics in Chin State. This year, that has been

reduced due to close monitoring from Save the Children, and improved supervision for volunteer health

workers. Preventive measures were also encouraged. As explained earlier, there was also stock-out in

Southern Chin and northern Shan townships. Reporting rates and utilization of volunteers for treatment

remains low in Shan State.

27100

42000

6446

37284837

12089

58927800

4936

0 956 00

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

30000

35000

40000

45000

Mid-year result Yearly target Chin Kayah Shan Rakhine

Number of cases athealth facilities

Number of casestreated by communityvolunteers

Graph: Number of under five children suspected pneumonia cases treated with antibiotics i)

at Health Facilities ii) at community by volunteers

From January to June 2018, 7,683 children under five received emergency referral supported by the

3MDG Fund in 44 townships.

Graph: Number and percentage of children under five (ECC) referrals disaggregated by

state/region

7863

27000

1909917 1337

37004067

7600

3571

0 496 00

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

30000

Mid-year result Yearly target Chin Kayah Shan Rakhine

Number of casesat health facilities

Number of casestreated bycommunityvolunteers

1400

1617

1404

332

1041

1889

2%

5% 5%

2%

3%

2%

0%

1%

2%

3%

4%

5%

6%

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

Delta Chin Magway Kayah Shan Rakhine

Graph: Top five causes of child (ECC) referrals

Family planning and sexual and reproductive health and rights

In 2018, 3MDG continued to support family planning services across the country. This is measured in

two ways: the total number of ‘couple years of protection’ delivered, and the contraceptive prevalence

rate (which will be reported in annual report). Overachievement in ‘couple years of protection’ (126,003

compared to target of 114,941) was because of increased financial support to sexual and reproductive

health and rights grants in 2018. Population Services International and Marie Stopes International

received funding for commodity distribution in densely populated townships in Delta and Magway

Regions, and in Chin State. In Delta, this was largely contributed by the uptake of the intra-uterine device

for family planning (93% of total CYP was contributed by IUD). This was implemented by Marie Stopes

International (MSI).

MSI continued to implement family planning interventions in seven townships in Chin State and expanded

services in two additional Townships (Kanpetlet and Tonzang). Three dedicated outreach teams at

Maubin, Labutta and Ngapudaw in Ayeyarwady Region were established for provision of family planning

services in these, and nearby townships starting in January. Two dedicated outreach teams at Pakokku

and Ngape and eight static clinics (Magway in Magway Region, Kale and Tamu in Sagaing Region,

Thaton and Ye in Mon State, Myingyan in Mandalay Region, Pyay in Bago Region and Dawei in

Tanintharyi Region) are also delivering family planning information and services.

PSI Myanmar recruited 88 Sun providers for family planning services in 2018, a notable increase from 46

providers in 2017.

0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000

Diarrhoea/GE

Neonatal emergencies

Pneumonia

ARI/RTI

Other emergencies

Other

Table: Total number of Couple Years of Protection (CYPs) delivered through public sector services and private sector channels

2014 2015 2016

Target Achievement Target Achievement Target Achievement

MSI (15 TOWNSHIPS)

31730 9485 36901 51573 32540 50011

PSI (42 TOWNSHIPS)

38017 17642 38017 52630 43949 33399

PSI (ADDITIONAL 247 TOWNSHIPS)

17250 0 156750 222187 240000 141782

TOTAL 86997 27127 231668 326390 316489 225192

2017 2018

Target Achievement Target Achievement

MSI (15 TOWNSHIPS) 9,409 12,156 114,941 126,003 (MSI – 57,498, PSI – 61,578,

Public townships – 6,927)

PSI (PRIVATE SECTOR - 34 TOWNSHIPS)

- 33,678

PUBLIC SECTOR - 44 TOWNSHIPS + Wa and SR 4)

- 16,320

TOTAL 9,409 62,154 114,941 126,003

Table: Disability-Adjusted Life Years

2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Target Achievement Target Achievement Target Achievement Target Achievement Target Achievement

MSI (15 TOWNSHIPS)

2975 1414 3017 2816 3270 4591 1141 1115 2104 2181

PSI (42 TOWNSHIPS)

10000 8664 17758 17423 25319 20866 - 3909

3715 5614

PSI (ADDITIONAL

247 TOWNSHIPS)

1764 0 14124 20231 26439 12785 -

HIV, TB and Malaria

HIV

3MDG’s Harm Reduction partners continue to demonstrate strong results in the first half of 2018. The

target for reaching people who inject drugs with prevention programmes was overachieved, as

implementing partners continue to refine and improve methods to reach mobile people and hard-to-reach

sites. Partners also covered surrounding townships for comprehensive reach to beneficiaries. Advocacy

to community leaders also supported this high result.

Targets were exceeded in the distribution of needles and syringes, with more than 10.2 million units

against the annual target of 10 million units. There were no significant barriers to delivery of needles and

syringes due to extensive work in community and leader acceptance of services. One partners used a

method whereby shop owners were provided needles and syringes from the equivalent of ‘automated

teller machines’ resulted in an additional 1.5 million needles and syringes distributed.

Table: HIV January to June 2018 Results and Targets

PEOPLE WHO INJECT DRUGS REACHED BY PREVENTION PROGRAMMES

NEEDLES AND SYRINGES DISTRIBUTED

PEOPLE WHO INJECT DRUGS GIVEN VOLUNTARY CONFIDENTIAL COUNSELLING AND TESTING FOR HIV

2018 TARGET 67% of PWID in target area: 28,000

10,000,000 17,794

JAN-JUN 2018ACHIEVEMENT

28, 390 68% of PWID programme area (28,390 out of estimated 41,500)

10,236,446 8,711

CUMULATIVE 42,977 63,213,487 14,105 *It was estimated that 41,500 PWID exist in programme area. 3MDG targeted to cover 67% of PWID in Programme area, which is

equivalent to 28,000 PWID (annual target).

Note: Cumulative targets are not included because they can count twice the same person accessing the services each year.

Tuberculosis

Nationally, there remains a gap in the number of cases of TB reported, and the number of actual cases of

TB. This could be for a number of reasons, including declining TB prevalence and missing cases from the

private sector, military hospitals or conflict affected areas. The TB Prevalence Survey 2018 is ongoing

and is expected to provide more clarity and support better target setting. In 2018, in a positive move, the

Ministry of Health and Sports has issued an instruction to all private sector partners for mandatory case

notification. This is expected to narrow the gap.

For 3MDG implementing partners, the case of TB referred did not meet targets. This was because some

partners were in the process of relocating to new areas of operation, and had to re-establish their work in

these areas in early 2018.

In 2018, there was no initiation of treatment for multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). However,

some treatment that was initiated earlier (for example, in 2015) continued and its success was reported

on. “Treatment success rate for MDR-TB cases” was 80% for 2017, just slightly under the target of 81

percent.

Table: Tuberculosis 2018 Results and Targets

Notified TB cases Number of referrals to TB centres by community health workers/volunteers

2018 Target 18,612 67,667

Jan-Jun 2018 Achievement

5,614 20,616

Cumulative 61,185 161,984

Malaria

Malaria activities continued in January to June 2018 with testing and treatment. Most partners are

meeting their testing targets. 73,380 out of 204,438 (36 percent) of rapid diagnostic tests were tested by

PSI-AMTR (Artemisinin Monotherapy Replacement) Project. In a good result, 702 tests were contributed

by malaria testing by integrated community malaria volunteer sites in maternal, newborn and child health

project areas.

Case positivity rate remains low – 2.1 percent across all 3MDG-supported townships for this reporting

period. However, Paletwa in Chin State remains an area of significant concern. Paletwa contributed 34%

of malaria cases with positivity of 24.7 percent. However, this has decreased from 28.7% in 2017 due to

consistent testing and treatment by volunteers according to the national malaria treatment guideline.

Excluding Paletwa, the positivity is 1.4 percent - a slight decrease from 1.7 percent in 2017.

The indicator that assesses whether reported cases are treated within 24 hours of fever (“Number and

percentage of confirmed malaria cases treated in accordance with national malaria treatment guidelines

within 24 hours of onset of symptoms (fever) in 3MDG supported townships”) is explained primarily by the

fact that many patients cannot come immediately to volunteer health workers due to their distance of

employment. Many patients are migrant people who works in road construction, mining, etc.

To address this, partners conducted health education and behaviour change sessions to improve health

seeking behavior, with a main goal to encourage beneficiaries to visit health providers with 24 hours of

fever. Partner organizations have also trained volunteers in migrant sites in order to expand malaria

diagnostic and treatment services among mobile/migrant populations.

Table: Malaria 2018 Results and Targets

Number of malaria tests taken and read

Number of confirmed malaria cases treated

Number of confirmed malaria cases treated within 24 hours of fever

2018 Target 450,000 8,000 65%

Jan-Jun 2018 Achievement

204,438 4,369 61%

Cumulative 2,492,290 144,608 N/A

Work in special regions and EHO areas

Health Poverty Action (HPA) has been working in special regions in Shan State with 3MDG support since

2015. In 2018, HPA expanded their work to Kachin Special Region 1 and Kachin Special Region 2 and

Kokang, taking over from a DFID-funded project. Project activities continued to increase based on

collaboration with the Ministry of Health and Sports and ethnic health organizations (EHOs). HPA focuses

on maternal, newborn and child health (MNCH), as well as disease control, in marginalized areas on the

Myanmar/China Border. HPA collaborates with the Ministry of Health and Sports, EHOs and other

partners to strengthen the local health system, generate health services, and link EHO health systems

and the government health system in terms of planning, technical support, medical supply and health

information integration.

International Rescue Committee is working with an EHO, the Civil Health and Development Network

(CHDN) in all seven townships of Kayah. Relief International works with EHOs (Shan State Development

Foundation (SSDF) and Pa-Oh Health Working Committee (PHWC)) in two townships in Shan South.

They support MNCH-related activities including outreach, immunization services for children and pregnant

women, training to local health workers, capacity building of EHOs via strengthening health information

system and developing local health plans. The achievements of special regions and EHO areas can be

found in the 3MDG Results Matrix.

Health Systems Strengthening

3MDG supports the strengthening of the health system in a number of ways, including supporting health

staff with training, supervision and supplies, as well as broader technical support to development of

policies and plans at central and state and regional level. Across all areas, 3MDG showed strong results

in the period January to June 2018.

The number of doctors, nurses and midwives who attended at least one maternal, newborn and child

health training in the first half of 2018 (1,177) was higher than the target, which was only 500. This was

because the target was set with the assumption that only Rakhine townships would be supported for

basic health staff training in 2018 due to limited budget. More budget was ultimately made available,

which meant that achievement was more than expected. In Chin State, 267 staff were trained, 223 in

Kayah, 132 in Shan and 555 in Rakhine. Trainings supported by 3MDG included implant training, HMIS

refresher training, newborn and Under-5 care training, BEmOC refresher, CDSR refresher, Immunization

in Practice.

Graph: Average percentage of auxiliary midwives and community health workers receiving

quarterly supervision and monitoring

Improvement is also needed for stock-out data, which shows that despite improvements from 32% in

2016, only 48% of auxiliary midwives and community health workers are reporting no stock out in the first

half of 2018. This figure of 48% is only taken from the states and regions where the Volunteer Recording

System (VRS) is being implemented. It is still a significant improvement which can be attributed to

increase of volunteers reporting using the system (69% compared to 59% in 2017) and improved

distribution of commodities to volunteers in 2018 (based on using actual consumption data in Chin

townships and improved supervision in Shan townships).

However, there are still stock-outs of essential drugs in some townships due to delay in dispensation from

Fund Management Office procurement. The issue has been discussed with Implementing Partners and

the Fund Management Office and the next dispensation was agreed at the end of September 2018.

Finally, it must be acknowledged that although the target was exceeded, it was set fairly low due to

historical performance and issues with VRS reporting rates. More ambitious targets will be set for the

Access to Health Fund.

Graph: Percentage of functioning AMWs and CHWs who report no stock-outs of essential

medicines and supplies

65%60%

82%87%

79%

23%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Overall Target Chin Kayah Shan Rakhine

48%44%

52% 49%

38%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Overall Target Chin Kayah Shan

3MDG met targets in support to the development of health sector policies, strategies and plans. The

situational analysis on village-based health workers is being finalized with 3MDG funding and technical

support. This forms part of the national policy development on community-based health workers.

As part of the work to help define, cost and submit the national Essential Package of Health Services to

the Ministry of Health and Sports, the contents of the clinical component of the Basic Essential Package

Health Services was identified by June 2018. This was led by the Department of Medical Services with

inputs from experts through a series of consultations and meetings. Costing of this package as well as

relevant accompanying documents (e.g. SOPs and guidelines) are planned to be finalized by end of

2018. The essential medicine list for township and below facilities has also been identified and procured.

The Ministry of Health and Sports used this list to conduct nationwide procurement, which was facilitated

by 3MDG funding.

HIV Policy and Prison Health

There were important developments in HIV Policy and Prison Health in the first half of the year. The new

national drug control policy was launched in February 2018. The 1993 Narcotic Law was amended and

ratified by Parliament in February 2018. Key amendments included: (1) removal of compulsory

registration for drug users; (2) switching from a punitive to drug treatment approach; (3) inclusion of the

harm reduction approach in the law. The drafting process of by law is underway and will be continued in

next reporting period.

In Prison Health, the new standard operating procedures (SOP) on prison health jointly developed by

UNAIDS/UNODC/WHO were approved by the Ministry of Home Affairs and Ministry of Health and Sports.

The official launching was in August, 2018.

Health for All: Enhancing accountability, equity, and inclusion

Performance over target was also achieved for health staff (including Ministry, implementing partners and

civil society, and community-based organizations) for ‘Health for All’ related training in accountability,

equity, and inclusion principles and practices. In total 2384 participants attended the trainings including

1,127 staff members from the Ministry of Health and Sports.

Accountability and responsiveness at community level was supported with accessible and well-used

feedback mechanisms (6769 pieces of feedback received). Community feedback mechanisms are a key

means of seeking out beneficiary views and addressing their concerns to improve service quality.

Implementing partners incorporate feedback and use it to adjust programming. Of this feedback, 94%

was addressed. This is a strong result. The number and proportion of women representation on Township

Health Committees (30%) and Village Tract and Village Health Committees (38%), and the

Comprehensive Township Health Plan review workshop (76%) also remained steady with 2017 figures,

and likely to exceed targets in annual reporting.

3MDG and partners also enhance gender equality in many ways:

Through women’s participation in township and village-level decision-making bodies;

Through involving in community engagement meetings/events that conducted by partners at

community level;

Through community feedback mechanisms that enhance women’s voices;

Through reducing social barriers to accessing health care;

Through the provision of appropriate health care for women, including for pregnancy and

childbirth when they are particularly vulnerable to health emergencies;

Through the promotion of sexual and reproductive health and rights for all people, including family

planning and birth spacing, safe sex and protection from violence.

Through women participation in nutrition promotion programmes such as mother to mother

support groups, interactive cooking demonstrations, and nutrition campaigns.