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Introducing the PALM Initiative
The Shift from Print to Digital
http://aim.cast.org/learn/practice/palm
The Shift from Print to DigitalNot new in Texas• Senate Bill 6……a
reference to a textbook means instructional material, as defined by Section 31.002.
http://aim.cast.org/learn/practice/palm
http://aim.cast.org
The Shift from Print to Digital
Texas Education Code § 31.002. DEFINITIONS
"Instructional material" means ……a combination of a book, workbook, and supplementary materials, computer software, magnetic media, DVD, CD-ROM, computer courseware, on-line services, or an electronic medium, or other means of conveying information to the student or otherwise contributing to the learning process through electronic means, including open-source instructional material.
http://aim.cast.org
The Shift from Print to Digital
State Educational Technology Directors Association
• New Report -- Out of Print: Reimagining the K-12 Textbook in the Digital Age
• Download at www.setda.org
http://aim.cast.org
In a world shifting to digital, accessibility does not seem to be
a problem, right?
http://aim.cast.org
Not all digital materials are accessible!
WRONG!
The Shift from Print to Digital
• Digital educational materials need to be accessible from the start.
http://aim.cast.org/learn/practice/palm
http://aim.cast.org
What are:
Accessible Instructional Materials(AIM)?
http://aim.cast.org
Accessible Instructional Materials are...
… materials that are designed or enhanced in a way that they are usable by the widest possible range of students regardless of format (print, digital, graphical, audio, video).
PLEASE NOTE: IDEA focuses on specialized formats of print instructional materials only and uses the term “AIM” only in that context.
http://aim.cast.org
The Need for AIM
Many students are unable to read or use standard print or other instructional materials such as those who have:
– Blindness or visual impairments– Physically impairments– Learning disabilities – Other disabilities that impact the
ability to read or use standard materials
http://aim.cast.org
Lesson Learned…
It is important to understand that content and delivery technology are two sides of the AIM coin and both require careful consideration and selection.
http://aim.cast.org
• The information is the content
• Technology is the delivery system upon which the content is presented to the student
The PALM Initiative
What is the PALM Initiative?
The PALM Initiative (Purchase Accessible Learning Materials) is focused on encouraging purchasers to buy and publishers and developers to create accessible learning materials.
http://aim.cast.org/learn/practice/palm
Why buy accessible?
• Provides access and usability up front• Benefits all students’ learning• Benefits teachers• Reduces complexity• Reduces additional costs
http://aim.cast.org/learn/practice/palm
Equal access to learningOffice of Civil Rights and Department of Justice Joint Dear Colleague Letters (DCL)• June 29, 2010, DCL outlining the legal
requirements concerning the use of ebook readers and other emerging technology in institutions of higher education.
• May 26, 2011, FAQ issued regarding the legal obligations of schools (both elementary and secondary and post-secondary) under Section 504 and the ADA in the use of emerging technology.
http://aim.cast.org/learn/practice/palm
What can you do?
http://aim.cast.org/learn/practice/palm
Steps to Increase the Production and Availability of Accessible Digital Materials for Purchase
• Require that all materials purchased from publishers/developers be aligned with relevant accessibility standards (e.g., DAISY, Section 508, WCAG 2.0, minimum)
http://aim.cast.org/learn/practice/palm
Steps to Increase the Production and Availability of Accessible Digital Materials for Purchase
Seek out and purchase materials that have demonstrable indicators of accessibility, such as:• Device-agnostic file formats (e.g., accessible HTML, Microsoft
Word, PDF, ePUB)• Content represented in multiple ways (e.g., video captions, alt
text, live text for audio, digital braille, etc.)• Compatibility with screen readers, refreshable braille, text-to-
speech, and human-voice reading software
http://aim.cast.org/learn/practice/palm
Indicators of Accessibility (continued)
• Compatibility with assistive technology (AT)• Text image descriptions that can be voiced• Navigation alternatives (e.g., keyboard shortcuts/mapping or
screen gestures, etc.)• Location supports such as page numbers and/or progress bars• Mathematical, scientific, and music symbols, formulas, and
notations represented in multiple ways (e.g., explained with text alternatives, MathML)
http://aim.cast.org/learn/practice/palm
Indicators of Accessibility (continued)
• If writing is required, keyboard entry is supported by alternatives (e.g., word prediction, on-screen keyboards, voice input, etc.)
• Digital rights management (DRM) must not prevent access to built-in accessibility features or necessary assistive technologies
• e-book content can be voiced and navigated with appropriate delivery systems (e.g., iBooks, ePUB, etc.)
http://aim.cast.org/learn/practice/palm
Purchasers
• Check current purchasing policies and practices for alignment with PALM
• Require that all materials purchased are accessible
• Include accessibility in purchasing contract language
Educators
• When purchasing learning materials, require accessibility
• Urge your colleagues to purchase accessible learning materials
• Share PALM resources with your purchasing and technology coordinators
http://aim.cast.org/learn/practice/palm
Advocates
• Make presentations about PALM to your stakeholder group, share handouts
• Share PALM resources through your networks
• Working with publishers? Include accessibility in purchasing contract language
Families
• Share PALM resources with classroom teachers, administrators
• Share PALM resources with parent groups
http://aim.cast.org/learn/practice/palm
http://aim.cast.org
Center on Online Learning and Students with Disabilities
National Association of State Directors of Special Education (NASDSE)
Center for Research on Learning (CRL)
Center for Applied Special Technology (CAST)
www.centerononlinelearning.com
http://aim.cast.org
The Shift from Print to Digital
So how do educators, parents & students know what’s accessible?• Section 508 as a baseline• Section 508 Voluntary
Product Accessibility Template as a guide.
• Not foolproof, but functional
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A Representative Sampling
http://centerononlinelearning.org/a-quick-guide-to-accessible-products-in-education/
http://aim.cast.org
Keys to Progress
• Visit the AIM Center website at http://aim.cast.org• Visit the PALM webpage at
http://aim.cast.org/learn/practice/palm• Visit the LEA webpage at
http://aim.cast.org/learn/policy/local• Work with those who purchase instructional materials
to demand accessibility• Make sure contracts with publishers and
vendors include accessibility language• Push for AIM in the marketplace
http://aim.cast.org
Contact Information
Diana Carl, MA, LSSPIndependent Consultant
Thank you!