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This work has received funding from the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme for research, technological development and demonstration under grant agreement no 612438. www.parrise.eu The SSIBL Approach as a Part of Experiential Learning in an Open Learning Environment Energy Discovery Centre Intro This handout is provided by Energy Discovery Centre for the use of teaching SSIBL to pre- and in-service science teachers in elementary school (throughout this document the target group will also be referred to as teachers, students or learners). The material is also applicable for use in teacher training courses that focus on teaching in other levels of general education. The materials have been created to accompany the TPD Outline_Lesson Plans_ENERGY and Presentations_ENERGY provided by ENERGY. The materials have originally been created for use in the science centre but can be adapted to other contexts. Nevertheless, the materials are to be used in an open learning environment or informal learning environment (ILE, as we refer to in the current material) such as a museums, science centres, nature trails etc. As additional material, the PARRISE project booklet on Science and Society in Education should be used. The materials created by Radboud University’s Science Education Hub can also be used (e.g. The Question Machine Worksheet and Research Plan worksheet ). Using the material while educating people with different professional backgrounds The materials can be used during educating both in- and pre-service teachers. Nevertheless, there is the necessity of differentiating between groups with different professional backgrounds. The distinction between backgrounds should be done according to the group’s prior knowledge on learning in ILE – student teachers, novice teachers and more enthusiastic inexperienced teachers often have better preparation and understanding of the topic than teachers who have been teaching for some years, but have not attended complementary courses or tried to conduct lessons in an ILE. 1

Intro · Web viewEesmärgid võivad olla tunnistsenaariumi osas, mida õpilased ei näe, ent eesmärgid tuleb ka neile teatavaks teha teemaarenduse käigus. Õpistsenaariumis esitatud

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The SSIBL Approach as a Part of

Experiential Learning in an Open Learning Environment

Energy Discovery Centre

Intro

This handout is provided by Energy Discovery Centre for the use of teaching SSIBL to pre- and in-service science teachers in elementary school (throughout this document the target group will also be referred to as teachers, students or learners). The material is also applicable for use in teacher training courses that focus on teaching in other levels of general education.

The materials have been created to accompany the TPD Outline_Lesson Plans_ENERGY and Presentations_ENERGY provided by ENERGY. The materials have originally been created for use in the science centre but can be adapted to other contexts. Nevertheless, the materials are to be used in an open learning environment or informal learning environment (ILE, as we refer to in the current material) such as a museums, science centres, nature trails etc.

As additional material, the PARRISE project booklet on Science and Society in Education should be used. The materials created by Radboud University’s Science Education Hub can also be used (e.g. The Question Machine Worksheet and Research Plan worksheet).

Using the material while educating people with different professional backgrounds

The materials can be used during educating both in- and pre-service teachers. Nevertheless, there is the necessity of differentiating between groups with different professional backgrounds.

The distinction between backgrounds should be done according to the group’s prior knowledge on learning in ILE – student teachers, novice teachers and more enthusiastic inexperienced teachers often have better preparation and understanding of the topic than teachers who have been teaching for some years, but have not attended complementary courses or tried to conduct lessons in an ILE.

Groups with good prior knowledge

The materials can be used as they are.

Groups with little prior knowledge

The groups should be first familiarized with:

· What can be considered as an in-formal learning environment and how differences occur while learning in an ILE vs a formal learning environment (FLE, i.e. classroom).

· What problems can arise when teaching in an ILE (the effects of either excess guidance or the lack of; how can the teacher guide students to learn experientially, while not participating too much)?

· Why is it impossible to use all of the FLE practices and methods in an ILE?

Some parts of the aforementioned bullet points are lightly touched on during our course’s tasks as well, but they are not covered in the necessary depth. The teachers attending the course would benefit from learning more about ILE-s before starting with the more practical tasks.

How to get the most of Energy Discovery Centre’s lesson plans and handouts

· The handouts and study materials provided in this document are both in English and Estonian. The arrangement of the tasks, assignments etc is in concurrence with the provided Outline_Lesson Plans_ENERGY.

· The assignments should be given to learners in sections, so they can try out experiential learning first hand.

· The learners must be acquainted with the concept of in-formal learning or experiential learning in an open learning environment beforehand.

Learning goals

The goals of the course for the learner (i.e. the in- or pre-service teacher) are:

· To be able to apply Socio-Scientific Inquiry-Based Learning (SSIBL) in their teaching;

· To be able to freely navigate through socio-scientific issues (SSIs);

· To be able to map controversies (including different stakeholders’ viewpoints and values);

· To be able to guide pupils in forming authentic questions;

· To link SSIBL and experiential learning practices to guide pupils through SSIBL authentic questions on SSIs;

· To link SSIBL to the science curriculum (e.g. new science modules, Concept-Context approach);

· To obtain skills to develop a SSIBL lesson (or series of lessons in a study scenario) that can at least be partially used in an in-formal setting.

ContentsIntro1Using the material while educating people with different professional backgrounds1Groups with good prior knowledge1Groups with little prior knowledge1To obtain the maximum out from Energy Discovery Centre’s lesson plans and handouts2Learning goals2Handouts in English5Session 15Part 1 – pre-activities5Assignment 1 – New horizons (group activity)5Assignment 2 – Citizen, have a say!5Assignment 3 – Battle of the Titans5Assignment 4 – Let’s grind in the Question Machine!6Session 27Part 2 – Activities in the Informal Learning Environment (ILE)7Assignment 5 – I don’t think we’re in Kansas anymore… (Group activity)7Part 3 – Activity in the ILE and the first series of post-activities9Assignment 6 – So, you fell into water – will you swim or sink?9Session 312Part 4 – continuing with post-activities12Assignment 7 – Reality-check 1: Analysis of the Created Scenarios12Assignment 8a – Practice makes perfect12Session 4 (optional)13Part 5 (Optional)13Assignment 8b – Reality-check 2: Dive in!13Session 514Part 6 –The final post-activities14Assignment 9 – Sell your scenario!14Assignment 10 – Feedback14Assignment 11 - Reflection14Assignment 12 – Discussion time14Õppematerjalid (Handouts in Estonian)15Sessioon 115I osa - Eeltegevused15Ülesanne 1 – Uued horisondid (rühmatöö)15Ülesanne 2 – Kodanik, räägi kaasa!15Ülesanne 3 – Titaanide heitlus15Ülesanne 4 – Hakklihamasinasse? Ei, küsimusemasinasse!16Sessioon 217II osa – Tegevus avatud õpikeskkonnas17Ülesanne 5 – Kuhu olete sattunud? (rühmatöö)17III osa – Tegevus avatud õpikeskkonnas ning esimesed järeltegevused19Ülesanne 6 – Kukkusid vette – ujud või upud?19Sessioon 322IV osa – Järeltegevused jätkuvad22Ülesanne 7 – Reaalsuskontroll 1: loodud stsenaariumi analüüs22Ülesanne 8a – Harjutamine teeb meistriks22Sessioon 4 (vabatahtlik)23V osa (Valikülesanne)23Ülesanne 8b – Reaalsuskontroll 2: klassiga basseini!23Sessioon 524VI osa – Viimane järeltegevus24Ülesanne 9 – Müü oma stsenaarium maha!24Ülesanne 10 – Müü oma stsenaarium maha!24Ülesanne 11 – Refleksioon24Ülesanne 12 – Aeg aruteluks24

Handouts in EnglishSession 1Part 1 – pre-activities Assignment 1 – New horizons (group activity)

Create a mind map on the concepts covered in the lecture. Use a whiteboard/flipchart /a screen (using e.g. http://bubbl.us). Consider:

· What is the fundamental concept?

· What other concepts derive from it?

· How do the concepts connect?

Assignment 2 – Citizen, have a say!

As a citizen, which science or innovation-related topic do you feel the need to have a say in? In your opinion, what are the topics that would profit from a citizen’s perspective?

__________________________________________________________________________________

Assignment 3 – Battle of the Titans

What makes the suggested topic controversial?

__________________________________________________________________________________

Who are the stakeholders in this topic?

__________________________________________________________________________________

Would this topic provoke a broad discussion in society?

__________________________________________________________________________________

Assignment 4 – Let’s grind in the Question Machine!

Formulate an authentic research question for exploring the topic. Does it stand the trial of the Question Machine? If it doesn’t, rephrase the question and repeat the cycle again until a fitting question has been formulated.

Final research question:

__________________________________________________________________________________

What was the biggest challenge during the formulation of the research question?

__________________________________________________________________________________

Session 2Part 2 – Activities in the Informal Learning Environment (ILE)Assignment 5 – I don’t think we’re in Kansas anymore… (Group activity)

Students form groups of 3-4 and acquaint themselves with the tasks within the current exercise prior to the tour of the informal learning environment.

Try to answer the questions and when needed, use the referred schemes/models. Take notes whenever necessary.

Find a socially sensitive topic from the exhibitions or the programmes in the ILE. The chosen topic needs to be covered in such depth in the ILE that the pupils from your class will be able ask an authentic research question about it and then explore the ILE to answer it.

Topic:

________________________________________

(Use “The phases of inquiry-based learning”)

Which are the two controversial viewpoints (state at least 2) of that topic – state those which you expect the pupils to work on. What are the concepts (state at least 3) that relate to those views?

· While exploring the programmes and exhibitions of the ILE, consider which activities could be used to explore your topic in the contexts of SSIBL, experiential and inquiry-based learning?

(Use “The Question Machine”)

· Discuss how can you teach the topic using the model with your group, where the study scenario is based on pre-activities, activities in the ILE and post-activities?

(Use “The 3-Step Model of Lesson Scenarios)

· Propose learning objectives (at least three), which your pupils will have to achieve while studying the topic according to your study-scenario (which will be used during several lessons):

1. _______________________________________________________________________

2. _______________________________________________________________________

3. _______________________________________________________________________

Part 3 is handed out in the middle of session 2.

Part 3 – Activity in the ILE and the first series of post-activitiesAssignment 6 – So, you fell into water – will you swim or sink?

Part of the assignment will be done in the ILE, part of it as homework.

Aim: to test out one possible method of experiential learning while combining it with SSIBL and raising research questions.

Assignment: Relying on the exhibits, programmes etc in the ILE, create:

· A study scenario – based on the content of the ILE create guidelines for studying according to the three step model with pre-activities, activities and post-activities that you can use to teach your students. The topic must be in accordance with the curriculum and can originate from a topic in the curriculum that has either social importance, or is based on one that is a motif in the curriculum.

· A worksheet – that can be used during pupils visit to the ILE.

How to approach the assignment:

· Gather information from the ILE with your group, so you have enough material to create a study scenario and write a draft of the scenario.

· Homework: finalize the obtained material into a study scenario and design materials (including the worksheet) that can be used with your pupils before, during and after the visit to the ILE.

What to consider during completing the assignment

· Pick a topic that is either a) a socio-scientific topic or b) would allow you to combine the topics in the ILE with either your subject or another topic that you need to cover with your pupils. Also, the topic needs to be covered in enough detail in the ILE that the students will be able to propose their own authentic research question during the study process and have the possibility of conducting an inquiry.

· Propose learning objectives for the students according to the study scenarios or use the objectives you have already proposed in the previous assignment. Also note that the students will need to be informed of those during the study process.

· The study scenario guidelines for teachers should provide the lesson’s learning objectives, outcomes, pre-activities, activities in the ILE and post-activities that enable the teacher to carry out the lessons as well as to reflect on the studied materials. It would also be a great idea to add information on grading the process and obtained knowledge as this could make the materials more applicable for everyday use.

· It is important to note that while preparing the study scenario, the topic should be explained to pupils in the necessary depth. It is also a great idea to let the pupils formulate their authentic research questions prior to arriving at the ILE, as then it is easier to give them support and direct them in formulating suitable questions (see “The Question Machine”).

· The study materials and the scenario need to be created in such a way that the pupils will be able to experiment, study, and discover the answers to their research questions by themselves.

· The scenario needs to include timeframes for each cycle of the process.

· The process must be created according to the three-step model.

· The pre-activities guideline is for the teacher – it consists of the concepts learned earlier, questions for discussion in the classroom, notes, any additional information, and also interesting web resources, recommended reading materials, pictures, simulations, videos etc. Also give examples of possible research questions.

· Activities for the visit of the ILE are for pupils and cannot be too detailed.

· The worksheet should be designed while keeping in mind that it is usually not comfortable to write long paragraphs in an ILE setting, where the focus is foremost on individual’s experiencing and discovering. Hence the worksheet should fit on only one sheet of paper and the tasks need to be chosen wisely, so the pupils will not need to write excessively.

· The post-activities guideline is, again, for the teacher – its aim is to help the teacher plan the follow-up tasks and reflection assignments to use after the exploration of an ILE. It could be similar to the pre-activities part, but it may consist of more questions for discussion, a game, group activities, an interesting study method, etc.

· The structure of the study scenario relies on the prospect of working on the topic over several lessons. Therefore, it is important to consider how many lessons need to be planned for in the scenario – this also affects the available time for assignments that need to be done outside of the ILE. Hence, the pre- and post-activities can be founded on the principles of formal learning. However, here elements and methods of in-formal learning can be used e.g. the students might undertake a class project and after that a mini-conference, a science day or a science fair can be organized.

· Within the scenario, students should be offered an opportunity to discuss what can be done with the obtained knowledge to improve society or, in fact, the world.

· Encourage your students to research further and promote discussion about the discoveries with their teachers, parents, peers and everyone else (why not organise a science day?). When current problems are discussed, a larger discussion may be appropriate – maybe a story in a local newspaper or a video in a TV programme?

· When creating and designing worksheets for an ILE, consider the following:

· Less is more – less reading and writing equals more exploration and more chance for discovery!

· Additional information should be given to students during pre- or post-activities.

· The worksheet should be in an A4 or A5 format only if there is the option of using clipboards. If there is no such option, a palm-fitting folded worksheet can be used that gives required support for writing.

· Multiple choice questions, connecting concepts, crossword puzzles etc fit the ILE setting better than answers that require writing whole paragraphs. .

· The lighting conditions or the weather (when the lessons take place outside) can affect the visibility of the photos and illustrations on the worksheets.

· In the context of inquiry-based, the worksheet cannot be considered as a goal or a testing device – it is a mean to help the pupil by inducing interest, helping to focus on the important parts and to guide their interests.

You can also use the support materials created by Radboud University’s Science Education Hub (e.g. The Question Machine Worksheet and Research Plan worksheet).

Session 3Part 4 – continuing with post-activitiesAssignment 7 – Reality-check 1: Analysis of the Created Scenarios

Swap your study scenario with another group (if possible). Play through some parts of the scenario (e.g. the activities part).

For feedback, analyse the other group’s work by answering the following questions (also indicate the strengths and weaknesses):

· Are the study scenario, chosen methods and created worksheets applicable?

· Which problems or restrictions may emerge when using the worksheets with pupils?

· How could these problems be overcome?

· Which parts of the scenario are of high quality?

· Finding interesting and applicable ideas – which parts of the scenario may be considered of additional value, which you could and would use in your work from now on? (Note: ‘new’ things are often the things we have forgotten.)

· Which of the suggested aims in the scenario were achieved?

Make the feedback available to the group whose work you analysed.

Assignment 8a – Practice makes perfect

According to the results of the analysis in Assignment 7, amend your scenario where necessary. Depending on how the previous assignment was done, you can rely either on your own or on another group’s analysis of your work.

Session 4 (optional)Part 5 (Optional)Assignment 8b – Reality-check 2: Dive in!

If there is a possibility to work with a group of pupils, try your improved scenario out on them. To do so:

· Go through with the study scenario.

· While doing so, monitor how the pupils progress and how they relate to the scenario.

· Have a discussion with the pupils after completing the scenario to find out what they thought of the scenario. Which parts were:

· Interesting

· Difficult

· Pleasant

· Unpleasant

· Use the applicability questions given in assignment 7 again after testing the scenario and discussing it with the students.

· Based on the obtained information, decide on whether the aspects that were pointed out by the pupils are: a) necessary to create the ‘conflict’ situation needed for learning and b) errors in the scenario that need to be improved.

Amend your scenarios where necessary.

Session 5Part 6 –The final post-activitiesAssignment 9 – Sell your scenario!

Take 25 minutes to prepare a short (3-5 minute) intro to or presentation on your scenario. Cover the basics that most likely will interest a teacher who is thinking of using your scenario – make it interesting to them and convince them to use it!

Assignment 10 – Feedback

Discuss which scenarios were most interesting and why with the whole group. What did you particularly like about them?

Assignment 11 - Reflection

After completing all of the previous assignments, take 15 minutes to reflect on how the process has influenced you:

· Which new information did I obtain during this course?

· Which was the most difficult assignment or task for me?

· Why did I find it difficult?

· Which parts of the course remain difficult or incomprehensible to me?

· Is there anything that would require my special attention when applying the methods I have learned during this course?

· Which other new ideas did I have that I would apply in teaching in the future?

· Which skills or knowledge should I obtain to apply those new ideas sufficiently?

Assignment 12 – Discussion time

Discuss your thoughts with the whole group.

Õppematerjalid (Handouts in Estonian)Sessioon 1I osa - EeltegevusedÜlesanne 1 – Uued horisondid (rühmatöö)

Koostage loengus kasutatud SSIBL-i mõistete kohta mõttekaart tahvlile/suurele paberile/ekraanile (kasutades nt http://bubbl.us/ abi). Mõttekaardi loomiseks mõelge:

· Mis on keskne mõiste, mille ümber mõttekaart ehitada?

· Mis on sellest lähtuvad mõisted?

· Kuidas need on omavahel seotud?

Ülesanne 2 – Kodanik, räägi kaasa!

Missugusel teaduse või innovatsiooni teemal tahaksite isiklikult ühiskonnaliikmena kaasa rääkida või mis teemade puhul tunnete, et teie kui kodanike häält peaks kindlasti kuulda võetama?

__________________________________________________________________________________

Ülesanne 3 – Titaanide heitlus

Kuidas on eelnevalt pakutud teema vastuoluline?

__________________________________________________________________________________

Missuguseid huvigruppe ühiskonnas see teema tõenäoliselt kõnetab?

__________________________________________________________________________________

Kas see teema võiks tekitada laiapõhjalist ühiskondlikku diskussiooni?

__________________________________________________________________________________

Ülesanne 4 – Hakklihamasinasse? Ei, küsimusemasinasse!

Formuleerige eelnevalt valitud teema kohta uurimisküsimus ning proovige, kas see peab vastu küsimusemasina testile. Korrake tsüklit vajalik arv kordi, kuni õnnestub oma teema kohta püstitada sobiv küsimus.

Lõplik uurimisküsimus:

__________________________________________________________________________________

Mis on suurim väljakutse uurimisküsimuse püstitamisel?

__________________________________________________________________________________

Sessioon 2II osa – Tegevus avatud õpikeskkonnasÜlesanne 5 – Kuhu olete sattunud? (rühmatöö)

Õppurid jagunevad 3-4-liikmelistesse rühmadesse ja tutvuvad ülesandes viidatud tegevustega enne ekspositsioonile minekut. Rühmad püüavad leida küsimustele vastused. Inspiratsiooni ammutamiseks on võimalik kasutada viidatud spikreid. Soovi korral on võimalik teha märkmeid.

Leidke ekspositsioonilt või programmist sotsiaalselt tundlik (teadus)teema, milles on piisavalt ainest, et teie õpilastel oleks võimalik teema õppimise käigus iseseisvalt püstitada uurimisküsimust. Teema: ________________________________________

(Ülesande lahendamisel võib kasutada uurimusliku õppe skeemi.)

Mis oleks need vastuolulised seisukohad/vaated (vähemalt 2), mis ühiskonnas selle teemaga seoses esinevad ja mille kajastamist kindlasti õpilastelt ootaksite? Missugused märksõnad (vähemalt 3) nendega seostuvad ja neid vaateid kirjeldavad?

· Ekspositsioonil liikudes mõelge, missuguste tegevuste kaudu saaks antud teemat SSIBL-i, uurimusliku- ja kogemusõppe raamistikes käsitleda.

(Ülesande lahendamisel võib kasutada „küsimusemasinat”)

· Arutlege kaaslastega, kuidas saaks teemat õpetada mudeli järgi, kus õpe toimub eeltegevuste, tegevuste ja järeltegevuste kaudu?

(Ülesande lahendamisel on hea aluseks võtta „tunnistsenaariumi kolmeastmeline mudel”)

· Püstitage õpitulemused (vähemalt 3), mille saavutamist ootate õpilastelt õpistsenaariumi läbimisel:

1. _______________________________________________________________________

2. _______________________________________________________________________

3. _______________________________________________________________________

III osa antakse kätte 2. sessiooni keskel

III osa – Tegevus avatud õpikeskkonnas ning esimesed järeltegevusedÜlesanne 6 – Kukkusid vette – ujud või upud?

Osa ülesannet täita avatud õpikeskkonnas, osa kodutööna.

Eesmärk: praktiliselt läbi proovida SSIBL-i üht võimalikku meetodit ja lõimida seda ühiskondlik-teaduslikele küsimuste tõstatamisega.

Ülesanne: Luua eksponaatide või programmide näitel SSIBL-i lähenemisega:

· tunnistsenaarium ehk koostada keskuse sisu põhjal juhend eeltegevusteks, külastuseks ning järeltegevusteks, mille abil õpetada oma õpilasi. Teema valikul lähtuda ainekavast ja eelistada kas ühiskondlikust olulisusest või ka õppekava läbivusest.

· luua tööleht keskuses kasutamiseks.

Ülesande lahendamine:

· Avatud õpikeskkonnas: koguda oma rühmaga piisavalt informatsiooni, et saaks koostada kavandi õpistsenaariumi loomiseks.

· Kodutööna: vormistada kavand õpistsenaariumiks ja kujundada õppematerjalid (sh tööleht), mida saaks kasutada reaalses õppetöös õpilastega.

Millele seejuures pöörata tähelepanu:

· Valida tunni teema, mis oleks kas: a) sotsiaalselt tundlik, b) võimaldaks lõimida õppeainet või klassijuhatajatunni käigus käsitletavat olulist teemat mõne (teadus)teemaga ekspositsioonilt või programmist, et õpilastel oleks võimalik teema õppimise käigus iseseisvalt püstitada uurimisküsimust ning sellest lähtuvalt teha uurimistööd.

· Püstitage õpistsenaariumi siseselt eesmärgid või kasutage eelmises ülesandes püstitatud eesmärke, mille saavutamist ootate. Eesmärgid võivad olla tunnistsenaariumi osas, mida õpilased ei näe, ent eesmärgid tuleb ka neile teatavaks teha teemaarenduse käigus.

· Õpistsenaariumis esitatud õpetajale suunatud juhistes peavad olema esile toodud olema nii tunni eesmärgid, õpitulemused, eel- kui ka järeltegevused, mis aitavad õpetajal edukalt läbi viia tunni õpikeskkonnas ning hiljem kinnistada kogetut. Soovituslik on lisada ka hindamise alused, et lihtsustada SSIBL-i kui meetodi rakendamist õpetaja igapäevatöös.

· Tunnistsenaariumi koostamisel tuleb silmas pidada, et eeltegevuste käigus saaks teema õpilastele piisavalt avatud. Mõistlik oleks lasta õpilastel uurimisküsimused formuleerida juba enne avatud õpikeskkonda saabumist, sest siis on võimalik neid toetada ja suunata sobivate (vt „küsimusemasin“) küsimuste formuleerimisel.

· Õppematerjal ja tunnistsenaarium peavad olema konstrueeritud selliselt, et õpilasele jääb võimalus oma uurimisküsimusest lähtuvalt ise uurida ja avastada/kogeda.

· Õpistsenaariumis peab olema märgitud ka õppeprotsessi eri tsüklite ajakulu

· Õpe peab toimuma vastavalt koostatavale õpistsenaariumile eel-tegevuste, külastusel toimuvate tegevuste ja järeltegevuste kaudu:

· Eeltegevuste juhend on suunatud õpetajale: mis on varem õpitud mõisted, põhimõtted, küsimused aruteluks klassis, lisaks märkused, vajadusel lisainfo, näited ning miks mitte ka huvitavaid linke, soovituslikku kirjandust vms, mis võiks õpetajat aidata teema käsitlemisel. Võib luua ka toetavaid pildikogumikke, viidata tunnis kasutatavatele simulatsioonidele, videotele vms. Tooge näiteid avatud uurimisküsimuste kohta.

· Tegevused külastuse ajal on suunatud õpilasele ning ei tohi olla liiga selgelt piiritletud. Töölehe loomisel ja disainimisel arvestada, et see on pigem heasoovliku ja abivalmis õpetaja käepikendus, mitte töövihiku leht. Sellest põhimõttest tuleks lähtuda ka materjali visuaalsel kujundamisel ja ülesandetüüpide valikul – avatud õpikeskkonnas ei ole üldjuhul mugav palju kirjutada ning selles kontekstis peaks mitteformaalse õppe põhirõhk olema avastamisel. Seega olgu mahtu maksimaalselt üks A4 leht ning ülesanded tuleb valida selliselt, et õpilane peaks kirjutama võimalikult vähe.

· Järeltegevuste juhend on suunatud jällegi õpetajale ning see peab aitama õpetajal planeerida, mida tuleks veel teha kas avastamise järel avatud õpikeskkonnas või koolis järgmises tunnis teadmise kinnistamiseks/kordamiseks. See osa võib olla analoogne eeltegevuste juhendiga, aga võib sisaldada ka rohkem küsimusi aruteluks, mõnd mängu vms, rühmatööd, põnevat meetodit vms.

· Õpistsenaariumi struktuur eeldab, et antud teemaga tegeletakse mitme tunni jooksul. Seega tuleb arvestada ka sellega, kui mitu ainetundi (lisaks avatud õpikeskkonna külastusele kuluvale ajale) plaanitakse pühendada. Klassis läbi viidavad eel- ja järeltegevused võivad olla formaalse hariduse põhimõtetega kooskõlas ning ei pruugi olla liiga tugevalt seotud avatud õpikeskkonnas toimuva mitteformaalse hariduse formaadiga. Samas võib kasutada siin ka vähem formaalseid väljundeid – pisut vanemate õpilastega minna uurimusega lausa projektõppeni välja ning pärast teha ka uurimuse tulemuste kohta klassis või koolis mini-konverents, teaduspäev vms.

· Pakkuge tunnistsenaariumis õpilastele võimalust arutleda ka selle üle, mida saadud uute teadmistega saaks teha ühiskonna/maailma hüvanguks.

· Julgustage õpilasi sel teemal ise edasi uurima ning oma tähelepanekutest õpetajale, vanematele ja teistele teada andma (miks mitte teha selle kohta koolis teemapäev?) Eriti päevakajaliste teemadega võib otsida ka suuremaid väljundeid nt meediakajastuse vms näol.

· Mitteformaalse õpikeskkonna töölehtede koostamisel ja kujundamisel lähtuge põhimõtetest:

· Vähem lugemist ja kirjutamist, rohkem avastamist!

· Pikemaid infotekste andke õpilastele pigem eel- või järeltegevuste käigus.

· Tööleht võib olla A4 või A5 suuruses juhul, kui õpilased saavad kasutada kirjutusalust. Vastasel juhul kasutage pigem pihulehe formaati või kokku volditud töölehte.

· Valikvastused, mõistepaaride ühendamine, ristsõnad jms sobivad avatud õpikeskkonda paremini kui vabavormilised vastused.

· Fotod ja illustratsioonid ei pruugi valgustingimustest või õuesõppe puhul ka ilma tõttu olla piisavalt nähtavad.

· Töölehe täitmine uurimusliku õppe kontekstis ei ole omaette eesmärk või kontrollivahend, vaid õpilase kaasamise, huvi äratamise ja suunamise vahend.

Õpistsenaariumi loomisel võib kasutada ka ingliskeelseid abimaterjale (The Question Machine Worksheet and Research Plan Worksheet), mille autoriteks on Radboud-i Ülikooli teadushariduskeskus Science Education Hub.

Sessioon 3IV osa – Järeltegevused jätkuvadÜlesanne 7 – Reaalsuskontroll 1: loodud stsenaariumi analüüs

Vahetage oma loodud tunnistsenaarium mõne teise rühmaga. Kui võimalik proovige avatud õpikeskkonnas tehtavate tegevute juhend läbi.

Analüüsige teise rühma tööd vastates järgnevatele küsimustele (tooge seejuures välja ka tugevused ja nõrkused):

· Kas antud tunnistsenaarium, valitud meetodid ja loodud tööleht on rakendatavad?

· Missugused piirangud/murekohad võivad ilmneda antud materjalide rakendamisel praktikas?

· Kuidas ilmnevaid probleeme lahendada?

· Missugused osad on eriti hästi õnnestunud?

· Huvitavate ja potentsiaalselt toimivate ideede väljasõelumine: missugused õpistsenaariumi osad võiksid kvalifitseeruda lisaväärtusena, mida võiksid ja saaksid ka oma töös edaspidi rakendada? (Sh – kõik uus on ammu ununenud vana.)

· Missugused seatud eesmärgid saavad selle õpistsenaariumi läbimise käigus täidetud?

Andke oma tagasiside rühmale, kelle tööd analüüsisite.

Ülesanne 8a – Harjutamine teeb meistriks

Lähtudes ülesande 7 analüüsi tulemustest (hoolimata sellest, kas analüüsisite ise või analüüsis teie tööd keegi teine) täiendage vajaduse korral oma tunnistsenaariumit.

Sessioon 4 (vabatahtlik)V osa (Valikülesanne)Ülesanne 8b – Reaalsuskontroll 2: klassiga basseini!

Kui on võimalik (st on võimalik kasutada mingit rühma kooliõpilasi), testige loodud ja juba täiendatud tunnistsenaariumit kooliõpilaste peal. Selleks:

· Viige tunnid läbi stsenaariumi järgi.

· Jälgige, kuidas õpilaste töö sujub.

· Kui stsenaarium on läbitud, vestelge õpilastega, et selgitada välja, mis oli nende jaoks:

· Huvitav;

· Raske;

· Meeldiv;

· Ebameeldiv.

· Pärast testimist ja vestlust analüüsige stsenaariumi rakendatavust uuesti küsimustega, mis olid kasutuses juba eespool varasemalt („Ülesanne 7 – Reaalsuskontroll 1: loodud materjali analüüs“).

· Saadud info põhjal otsustage, missugused õpilaste väljatoodud aspektid on tegelikult seotud õppimiseks vajaliku konfliktiolukorra loomisega ja mis on tunnistsenaariumi vead.

Täiendage ja korrigeerige tunnistsenaariumi.

Sessioon 5VI osa – Viimane järeltegevusÜlesanne 9 – Müü oma stsenaarium maha!

Valmistage 15 minuti jooksul ette lühike (3-5 min pikkune) tutvustus oma õpistsenaariumile.

Tooge tutvustuses valja põhiline, mis on huvipakkuv õpetajale, kes otsib kasutamiseks tunnistsenaariumi, muuda see talle huvitavaks ning veena teda seda kasutama.

Ülesanne 10 – Müü oma stsenaarium maha!

Arutlege suure rühmaga, missugused stsenaariumitest olid huvitavad ning miks. Mis nende juures eriti meeldis?

Ülesanne 11 – Refleksioon

Ülesannete täitmise järel mõelge:

· Missugust uut infot ma sain kogu õppetsüklit läbides?

· Milline ülesanne oli minu jaoks raskeim?

· Miks oli see ülesanne raske?

· Mis jäi mulle kogu õppetsüklis arusaamatuks?

· Millele peaksin eriti pöörama tähelepanu, kui rakendan äsja õpitud meetodeid?

· Missuguseid mõtteid tahan kindlasti rakendada tulevikus?

· Mida peaksin juurde õppima, et neid ideid rakendada?

Ülesanne 12 – Aeg aruteluks

Arutlege suures ringis oma mõtted läbi.

(This work has received funding from the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme for research, technological development and demonstration under grant agreement no 612438. www.parrise.eu)5