Intro to Writing Research Papers in Computer Science

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    How to Write Research Papers in Computer Science

    How to Write

    Research Papers in Computer Science

    Md. Saidur Rahman

    Department of Computer Science and Engineering,Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Dhaka

    April 29, 2014

    http://find/http://goback/

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    How to Write Research Papers in Computer Science

    Research In Computer Science and Engineering

    Outline

    1   Research In Computer Science and Engineering

    2   Writing a Paper

    3   Writing a Thesis

    4   Guidelines for Technical Writing

    5   Writing Tools

    6   Concluding Remarks

    7   Acknowledgement

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    How to Write Research Papers in Computer Science

    Research In Computer Science and Engineering

    Research in Computer Science and Engineering

    This talk is focused on research in Theoretical Computer

    Science (TCS)

    http://find/

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    How to Write Research Papers in Computer Science

    Research In Computer Science and Engineering

    Research in Computer Science and Engineering

    This talk is focused on research in Theoretical Computer

    Science (TCS)

    Steps to follow:

    Study and explore your area of interest.

    http://find/

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    How to Write Research Papers in Computer Science

    Research In Computer Science and Engineering

    Research in Computer Science and Engineering

    This talk is focused on research in Theoretical Computer

    Science (TCS)

    Steps to follow:

    Study and explore your area of interest.Choose a research problem.

    http://find/http://goback/

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    How to Write Research Papers in Computer Science

    Research In Computer Science and Engineering

    Research in Computer Science and Engineering

    This talk is focused on research in Theoretical Computer

    Science (TCS)

    Steps to follow:

    Study and explore your area of interest.Choose a research problem.

    Find one or two co-researchers and form a research group.

    C S

    http://goforward/http://find/http://goback/

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    How to Write Research Papers in Computer Science

    Research In Computer Science and Engineering

    Research in Computer Science and Engineering

    This talk is focused on research in Theoretical Computer

    Science (TCS)

    Steps to follow:

    Study and explore your area of interest.Choose a research problem.

    Find one or two co-researchers and form a research group.

    Read related research papers published in good journals

    and conferences and present those papers in the group, byrotation.

    H t W it R h P i C t S i

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    How to Write Research Papers in Computer Science

    Research In Computer Science and Engineering

    Research in Computer Science and Engineering

    This talk is focused on research in Theoretical Computer

    Science (TCS)

    Steps to follow:

    Study and explore your area of interest.Choose a research problem.

    Find one or two co-researchers and form a research group.

    Read related research papers published in good journals

    and conferences and present those papers in the group, byrotation.

    Sit frequently for brainstorming on the problem and try to

    find non-trivial results.

    How to Write Research Papers in Computer Science

    http://find/

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    How to Write Research Papers in Computer Science

    Research In Computer Science and Engineering

    Research in Computer Science and Engineering

    This talk is focused on research in Theoretical Computer

    Science (TCS)

    Steps to follow:

    Study and explore your area of interest.Choose a research problem.

    Find one or two co-researchers and form a research group.

    Read related research papers published in good journals

    and conferences and present those papers in the group, byrotation.

    Sit frequently for brainstorming on the problem and try to

    find non-trivial results.

    Find good results around the problem and write papers.

    How to Write Research Papers in Computer Science

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    How to Write Research Papers in Computer Science

    Research In Computer Science and Engineering

    How to Write Research Papers in Computer Science

    http://find/http://goback/

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    How to Write Research Papers in Computer Science

    Writing a Paper

    Outline

    1   Research In Computer Science and Engineering

    2   Writing a Paper

    3   Writing a Thesis

    4   Guidelines for Technical Writing

    5   Writing Tools

    6   Concluding Remarks

    7   Acknowledgement

    How to Write Research Papers in Computer Science

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    How to Write Research Papers in Computer Science

    Writing a Paper

    Organization of a Research Paper

    Title

    Author/Authors Name and Affiliation

    Abstract and Key words

    Introduction

    Preliminaries

    Main Results (may be several sections)

    ConclusionsAcknowledgement

    References

    Appendix

    How to Write Research Papers in Computer Science

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    How to Write Research Papers in Computer Science

    Writing a Paper

    Title of a Paper

    The title should convey some information to the reader.

    How to Write Research Papers in Computer Science

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    p p

    Writing a Paper

    Title of a Paper

    The title should convey some information to the reader.

    The title should tell the reader exactly what the paper is

    about and, further, what points it makes.

    How to Write Research Papers in Computer Science

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    p p

    Writing a Paper

    Authors Name

    Name: At the beginning of your career, pick a name for yourself

    and stick to it.

    Md. Saidur RahmanM. S. Rahman

    Md. S. Rahman

    How to Write Research Papers in Computer Science

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    Writing a Paper

    Authors Name

    Name: At the beginning of your career, pick a name for yourself

    and stick to it.

    Md. Saidur RahmanM. S. Rahman

    Md. S. Rahman

    Wrong   Correct

    Dr. Md. Saidur Rahman Md. Saidur RahmanProf. Md. Saidur Rahman Md. Saidur Rahman

    How to Write Research Papers in Computer Science

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    Writing a Paper

    Affiliation

    Affiliation:

    Organization, Postal Address and Email Address

    Bad Good

    Professor   Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering

    Dept. of CSE BUET, Dhaka 1000

    BUET, Dhaka 1000 Bangladesh

    How to Write Research Papers in Computer Science

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    Writing a Paper

    Abstract

    Write the full paper in a concise form (at most ten lines.)

    It should contain

    Motivation: Why do we care about the problem and the

    results?

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    How to Write Research Papers in Computer Science

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    Writing a Paper

    Abstract

    Write the full paper in a concise form (at most ten lines.)

    It should contain

    Motivation: Why do we care about the problem and the

    results?

    Problem statement: What problem is the paper trying tosolve and what is the scope of the work?

    Approach: What was done to solve the problem?

    How to Write Research Papers in Computer Science

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    Writing a Paper

    Abstract

    Write the full paper in a concise form (at most ten lines.)

    It should contain

    Motivation: Why do we care about the problem and the

    results?

    Problem statement: What problem is the paper trying tosolve and what is the scope of the work?

    Approach: What was done to solve the problem?

    Results: What is the answer to the problem?

    How to Write Research Papers in Computer Science

    http://find/

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    Writing a Paper

    Abstract

    Write the full paper in a concise form (at most ten lines.)

    It should contain

    Motivation: Why do we care about the problem and the

    results?

    Problem statement: What problem is the paper trying tosolve and what is the scope of the work?

    Approach: What was done to solve the problem?

    Results: What is the answer to the problem?

    Conclusions: What implications does the answer imply?General features of an abstract:

    self contained.

    should not make any bibliographic reference.

    should contain a minimum of notation and jargon.

    How to Write Research Papers in Computer Science

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    Writing a Paper

    Key Words

    The key words are provided so that

    editor can choose appropriate reviewer.

    archiving services can place your paper correctly into adatabase.

    How to Write Research Papers in Computer Science

    W i i P

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    Writing a Paper

    Key Words

    The key words are provided so that

    editor can choose appropriate reviewer.

    archiving services can place your paper correctly into adatabase.

    Bad Choice   Good Choice

    New Algorithm

    Interesting Sperating Triangle

    Optimal Matching

    How to Write Research Papers in Computer Science

    W iti P

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    Writing a Paper

    Introduction

    Write the full paper in 2-3 pages. Most difficult part of a paper.

    This is the first section of a paper but the last section to

    complete.

    How to Write Research Papers in Computer Science

    Writing a Paper

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    Writing a Paper

    Introduction

    Write the full paper in 2-3 pages. Most difficult part of a paper.

    This is the first section of a paper but the last section to

    complete.

    make general statements about the problem related

    subject and define the problem.

    How to Write Research Papers in Computer Science

    Writing a Paper

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    Writing a Paper

    Introduction

    Write the full paper in 2-3 pages. Most difficult part of a paper.

    This is the first section of a paper but the last section to

    complete.

    make general statements about the problem related

    subject and define the problem.bring out the importance of the problem from theoretical

    and application point of view.

    How to Write Research Papers in Computer Science

    Writing a Paper

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    Writing a Paper

    Introduction

    Write the full paper in 2-3 pages. Most difficult part of a paper.This is the first section of a paper but the last section to

    complete.

    make general statements about the problem related

    subject and define the problem.bring out the importance of the problem from theoretical

    and application point of view.

    present an overview on the history and current research on

    the problem. Justify a research gap for your study.

    How to Write Research Papers in Computer Science

    Writing a Paper

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    Writing a Paper

    Introduction

    Write the full paper in 2-3 pages. Most difficult part of a paper.This is the first section of a paper but the last section to

    complete.

    make general statements about the problem related

    subject and define the problem.bring out the importance of the problem from theoretical

    and application point of view.

    present an overview on the history and current research on

    the problem. Justify a research gap for your study.

    continue a tradition, or propose a completely new

    approach.

    How to Write Research Papers in Computer Science

    Writing a Paper

    http://find/

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    t g a ape

    Introduction

    Write the full paper in 2-3 pages. Most difficult part of a paper.This is the first section of a paper but the last section to

    complete.

    make general statements about the problem related

    subject and define the problem.bring out the importance of the problem from theoretical

    and application point of view.

    present an overview on the history and current research on

    the problem. Justify a research gap for your study.

    continue a tradition, or propose a completely new

    approach.

    sketch the intent of your own work and outline important

    characteristics and results of your own work.

    How to Write Research Papers in Computer Science

    Writing a Paper

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    g p

    Introduction

    Write the full paper in 2-3 pages. Most difficult part of a paper.This is the first section of a paper but the last section to

    complete.

    make general statements about the problem related

    subject and define the problem.bring out the importance of the problem from theoretical

    and application point of view.

    present an overview on the history and current research on

    the problem. Justify a research gap for your study.

    continue a tradition, or propose a completely new

    approach.

    sketch the intent of your own work and outline important

    characteristics and results of your own work.

    give an outline of the organization of the paper.

    How to Write Research Papers in Computer Science

    Writing a Paper

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    Organization of your paper

    Plan your sections and subsections. Use a top-down

    writing method. Use a sentence to represent the points(paragraphs) in each subsections.

    Writing details: expand a sentence in the sketch into a

    paragraph.

    Keep a logical flow from section to section, paragraph to

    paragraph, and sentence to sentence.

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    Preliminaries

    To make the paper self-contained

    Define the notations and definitions that will be used

    throughout the paper.

    Describe briefly the known methods that you will use in

    your method.

    State the known results as Lemmas that you will use for

    proving your result.Describe your preliminary results.

    How to Write Research Papers in Computer Science

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    Main Results

    Plan your sections and subsections to present your main

    results.

    Give short and informative section names.

    Give a brief outline at the beginning of each section.

    Give intuitive idea and outline of every proof and method,

    and then give the details.

    Keep a logical flow from section to section, paragraph toparagraph, and sentence to sentence.

    How to Write Research Papers in Computer Science

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    Conclusions

    Restate your contribution.

    Mention any useful implication of your results that have not

    mentioned earlier.

    Mention future direction of research and interesting open

    problems that you have found in doing this research work.

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    Acknowledgement

    Give thanks to anonymous reviewers and to persons whohelped you in doing this work.

    Acknowledge grants or support that you have received for

    doing this work.

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    Bibliographic References

    Reference or Bibliography?

    References:  List of sources that you actually cite in your

    paper.

    Bibliography:  List of all related publications.Follow same style for all references.

    Each item in the list must have at least the following fields:

    Author(s), Title, Journal or Proceedings, Publisher, Page

    Numbers, Year.URLs do not have a publication date, hence say when

    accessed it last.

    Follow the style specified by the publisher.

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    Appendix

    Bring the materials from main chapters to Appendix which

    obstruct the flow and smoothness of the paper.

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    What To Do Once The Paper Is Written?

    Revise the paper several times. How many times?

    How to Write Research Papers in Computer Science

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    What To Do Once The Paper Is Written?

    Revise the paper several times. How many times?

    Submit the paper to a conference/journal.

    How to Write Research Papers in Computer Science

    Writing a Paper

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    What To Do Once The Paper Is Written?

    Revise the paper several times. How many times?

    Submit the paper to a conference/journal.

    Receive review report.

    How to Write Research Papers in Computer Science

    Writing a Paper

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    What To Do Once The Paper Is Written?

    Revise the paper several times. How many times?

    Submit the paper to a conference/journal.

    Receive review report.

    Revise the paper according to reviewers comments andimprove your results.

    How to Write Research Papers in Computer Science

    Writing a Paper

    http://find/

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    What To Do Once The Paper Is Written?

    Revise the paper several times. How many times?

    Submit the paper to a conference/journal.

    Receive review report.

    Revise the paper according to reviewers comments andimprove your results.

    Resubmit the revised version.

    How to Write Research Papers in Computer Science

    Writing a Paper

    http://find/

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    What To Do Once The Paper Is Written?

    Revise the paper several times. How many times?

    Submit the paper to a conference/journal.

    Receive review report.

    Revise the paper according to reviewers comments andimprove your results.

    Resubmit the revised version.

    Repeat the process until the paper is accepted.

    How to Write Research Papers in Computer Science

    Writing a Paper

    http://find/

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    What To Do Once The Paper Is Written?

    Revise the paper several times. How many times?

    Submit the paper to a conference/journal.

    Receive review report.

    Revise the paper according to reviewers comments andimprove your results.

    Resubmit the revised version.

    Repeat the process until the paper is accepted.

    Send your source files to publishing house together withcopyright transfer.

    How to Write Research Papers in Computer Science

    Writing a Paper

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    What To Do Once The Paper Is Written?

    Revise the paper several times. How many times?

    Submit the paper to a conference/journal.

    Receive review report.

    Revise the paper according to reviewers comments andimprove your results.

    Resubmit the revised version.

    Repeat the process until the paper is accepted.

    Send your source files to publishing house together withcopyright transfer.

    Check the galley proof of the paper carefully when you

    receive it.

    How to Write Research Papers in Computer Science

    Writing a Thesis

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    Outline

    1   Research In Computer Science and Engineering

    2   Writing a Paper

    3   Writing a Thesis

    4   Guidelines for Technical Writing

    5   Writing Tools

    6   Concluding Remarks

    7   Acknowledgement

    How to Write Research Papers in Computer Science

    Writing a Thesis

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    Thesis Organization

    Title PageTable of Contents

    Abstract   (One page)

    List of Figures, List of Tables

    Chapter 1:   Introduction (5-10 pages).

    Chapter 2:  Preliminaries / Background / Related Works (8-20

    pages).

    Chapter 3-5:  Main Contents. Each chapter contains a result in

    theoretical thesis. For applied/experimental area

    these chapters are on Modeling, Methodologies,Experimentation, Results and Discussions.

    Chapter 6:  Conclusions and Future Work ( 3-6 pages).

    Appendix

    Bibliography

    Index

    How to Write Research Papers in Computer ScienceGuidelines for Technical Writing

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    Outline

    1   Research In Computer Science and Engineering

    2   Writing a Paper

    3   Writing a Thesis

    4   Guidelines for Technical Writing

    5   Writing Tools

    6   Concluding Remarks

    7   Acknowledgement

    How to Write Research Papers in Computer ScienceGuidelines for Technical Writing

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    Rules and Practices of Writing

    Be careful about the language: Grammar, sentence

    formations, spellings, punctuation etc.Each paragraph should represent a specific idea.

    Smooth transition from

    One paragraph to the nextOne sentence to the next

    How to Write Research Papers in Computer ScienceGuidelines for Technical Writing

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    Rules and Practices of Writing

    Write short and simple sentences.

    The opening paragraph of a section should be the best

    paragraph of the section.

    The opening sentence of a paragraph should be the best

    sentence of the paragraph.

    Every statement should be precise and correct.

    Example"The problem stated above is difficult" Difficult for whom?

    NP-complete? Believed by you? Believed by others? Proved by

    someone?

    How to Write Research Papers in Computer ScienceGuidelines for Technical Writing

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    Rules and Practices of Writing

    Statement should be logical. Avoid sentence of the form"An x   is y ."

    Bad:  An important method for internal sorting is

    quicksort.

    Good:  Quicksort is an important method for internal

    sorting, because ...

    Vary the sentence structure and the choice of words to

    avoid monotony. But use parallelism when parallel

    concepts are being discussed.

    Bad:  Formerly, science was taught by the textbookmethod, while now the laboratory method is

    employed.

    Good:  Formerly, science was taught by the textbook

    method; now it is taught by the laboratory

    method.

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    Rules and Practices of Writing

    Do not omit "that" when it helps the reader to parse

    sentence.

    Bad:   Assume G  is a graph.

    Good:   Assume that G  is a graph.

    There is a definite rhythm in sentences. Read what you

    have written, and change the wording if it does not flow

    smoothly.

    How to Write Research Papers in Computer ScienceGuidelines for Technical Writing

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    Rules and Practices of Writing

    Active or Passive:   In computer science writing active voice is

    preferred.

    Bad:  The following result can now be

    proved.

    Good:  We can now prove the following

    theorem.

    I or We  Always use "we" even you are a single author.

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    Important Points for Mathematical Writing

    Symbols in different formulas must be separated by words.

    Bad:   Consider S q , q  

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    Important Points for Mathematical Writing

    The statement just preceding a theorem, algorithm, etc.,

    should be a complete sentence or should end with a colon.

    Bad:  We now have the following

    Theorem. H (x ) is continuous.Good:  We can now prove the following result.

    Theorem. The function H (x ) defined in (5) iscontinuous.

    The statement of a theorem should usually beself-contained, not depending on the assumptions on the

    previous text.

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    Important Points for Mathematical Writing

    Fact, Lemma, Theorem, Corollary

    All these are propositions which have true or false value.

    Fact  A proposition which is obviously true. Usually

    does not need a proof.

    Lemma  A proposition which will be used to prove other

    propositions. A proof is needed.

    Theorem  A proposition which gives a main result of the

    paper. A proof is needed.

    Corollary  Immediate from a theorem or a lemma.

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    Important Points for Mathematical Writing

    Capitalized names like Theorem 1, Lemma 2, Algorithm 3,

    Table 5, Figure 4 etc.

    How to Write Research Papers in Computer Science

    Guidelines for Technical Writing

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    Important Points for Mathematical Writing

    Capitalized names like Theorem 1, Lemma 2, Algorithm 3,

    Table 5, Figure 4 etc.

    Wrong:   By lemma 3, we have ...

    Correct:   By Lemma 3, we have ...

    How to Write Research Papers in Computer Science

    Guidelines for Technical Writing

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    Important Points for Mathematical Writing

    Capitalized names like Theorem 1, Lemma 2, Algorithm 3,

    Table 5, Figure 4 etc.

    Wrong:   By lemma 3, we have ...

    Correct:   By Lemma 3, we have ...

    Wrong:  We now have the following Lemma.Correct:  We now have the following lemma.

    How to Write Research Papers in Computer Science

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    Important points for Mathematical Writing

    Wrong:  A maximal matching is illustrated in figure 5(a).

    Correct:  A maximal matching is illustrated in Figure 5(a).

    How to Write Research Papers in Computer Science

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    Important points for Mathematical Writing

    Wrong:  A maximal matching is illustrated in figure 5(a).

    Correct:  A maximal matching is illustrated in Figure 5(a).

    Wrong:   In section 3 we deal with orthogonal drawings of

    planar graphs.

    Correct:   In Section 3 we deal with orthogonal drawings ofplanar graphs.

    How to Write Research Papers in Computer Science

    Guidelines for Technical Writing

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    Important Points for Mathematical Writing

    Small numbers should be spelled out when used as

    adjectives, but not when used as names.

    How to Write Research Papers in Computer Science

    Guidelines for Technical Writing

    I P i f M h i l W i i

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    Important Points for Mathematical Writing

    Small numbers should be spelled out when used as

    adjectives, but not when used as names.

    Wrong:  There are 5 vertices on the outer face.

    Correct:  There are five vertices on the outer face.

    How to Write Research Papers in Computer Science

    Guidelines for Technical Writing

    I t t P i t f M th ti l W iti

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    Important Points for Mathematical Writing

    Small numbers should be spelled out when used as

    adjectives, but not when used as names.

    Wrong:  There are 5 vertices on the outer face.

    Correct:  There are five vertices on the outer face.

    Wrong:  The count was increased by two.

    Correct:  The count was increased by 2.

    How to Write Research Papers in Computer Science

    Guidelines for Technical Writing

    I t t P i t f M th ti l W iti

    http://find/

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    Important Points for Mathematical Writing

    Small numbers should be spelled out when used as

    adjectives, but not when used as names.

    Wrong:  There are 5 vertices on the outer face.

    Correct:  There are five vertices on the outer face.

    Wrong:  The count was increased by two.

    Correct:  The count was increased by 2.

    Wrong:  The graph has eighty embeddings.

    Correct:  The graph has 80 embeddings.

    How to Write Research Papers in Computer Science

    Guidelines for Technical Writing

    I t t P i t f M th ti l W iti

    http://find/

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    Important Points for Mathematical Writing

    Display important formulas on a line by themselves. If youneed to refer to some of these formulas from remote parts

    of the text, give reference numbers to all of the most

    important ones, even if they are not referenced.

    How to Write Research Papers in Computer Science

    Writing Tools

    Outline

    http://find/

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    Outline

    1   Research In Computer Science and Engineering

    2   Writing a Paper

    3   Writing a Thesis

    4   Guidelines for Technical Writing

    5   Writing Tools

    6   Concluding Remarks

    7   Acknowledgement

    How to Write Research Papers in Computer Science

    Writing Tools

    Writing Tools

    http://find/

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    Writing Tools

    LaTex  For typesetting of text.

    LatexDraw  For drawing figures.

    Xfig  For drawing figures.

    LaTex templates for submission to journals are available in

     journal web pages.

    You can also find LaTex thesis templates in Internet.

    How to Write Research Papers in Computer Science

    Concluding Remarks

    Outline

    http://find/

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    Outline

    1   Research In Computer Science and Engineering

    2   Writing a Paper

    3   Writing a Thesis

    4   Guidelines for Technical Writing

    5   Writing Tools

    6   Concluding Remarks

    7   Acknowledgement

    How to Write Research Papers in Computer Science

    Concluding Remarks

    Concluding Remarks

    http://find/

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    Concluding Remarks

    Publish your research results in good journals.

    How to Write Research Papers in Computer Science

    Concluding Remarks

    Concluding Remarks

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    Concluding Remarks

    Publish your research results in good journals.

    But do not publish a journal !!!!

    How to Write Research Papers in Computer Science

    Acknowledgement

    Outline

    http://find/

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    Outline

    1   Research In Computer Science and Engineering

    2   Writing a Paper

    3   Writing a Thesis

    4   Guidelines for Technical Writing

    5   Writing Tools

    6   Concluding Remarks

    7   Acknowledgement

    How to Write Research Papers in Computer Science

    Acknowledgement

    Acknowledgement

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    Acknowledgement

    I am very much indebted to Professor Takao Nishizeki whotaught me how to do research and to write papers, theses

    and books.

    How to Write Research Papers in Computer Science

    Acknowledgement

    Acknowledgement

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    Acknowledgement

    Sources:

    D. E. Knuth, T. Larrabee and P. M. Robers, MathematicalWriting, MAA Notes, 14, The Mathematical Association ofAmerica, 1989.

    S. G. Krantz, A primer of Mathematical Writing, AmericanMathematical Society, 1997.R. Andonie and I. Dzitac, How to write a good paper incomputer science and how will it be measured by ISI web ofknowledge, Int. J. of Computers, Communications &Control, 4, pp. 432-446, 2010.U. Khedker, How to Write a Good Paper? Indian Institute ofTechnology, Bombay (slides).https://cs.uwaterloo.ca/ brecht/thesis-hints.html, accessedon August 29, 2013.

    How to Write Research Papers in Computer Science

    Acknowledgement

    Thank You

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    Thank You

    Thank you for your attention.

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