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7/27/2019 Intro to PC Wayne
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PERMA (PERMANENT) CULTURE
Permaculture is about relationships that we can create between minerals, plants,
animals and humans by the way we place them in the landscape.
The aim is to create natural systems that do notexploit or pollute, and are therefore
sustainable in the long term.
(Bill Mollison)
(Permanent- Latin: per- throughout +
English: cultivation, tillage; from OldFrench; from Latin: cultura, from ultus-
cultivation, from Germanic: skel- to cut)
The Prime Directive of PermacultureThe only ethical decision is to take
responsibility for our own existence and thatof our children
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The Ethics of PermaculturePermaculture is unique among alternative farming systems (e.g. organic, sustainable,
eco-agriculture, biodynamic) in that it works with a set of ethics that suggest we thinkand act
responsibly in relation to each other and the earth.
The ethics of Permaculture provide a sense of place in the larger scheme of things, and serve as aguidepost to right livelihood in concert with the global community and the environment, rather than
individualism and indifference.
Care of the Earth
includes all living and non-living things- plants, animals, land, water, air.
Care of People
promotes self-reliance and community responsibility- access to resources necessary for existence.
Setting Limits to Population and Consumption
gives away surplus- contribution of surplus time, labor, money, information, and energy to achieve
the aims of earth and people care.
Permaculture also acknowledges a basic life ethic, which recognizes the intrinsic worth of every
living thing. A tree has value in itself. Even if it presents no commercial value to humans. That the
tree is alive and functioning is worthwhile. It is doing its part in nature: recycling litter, producing
oxygen, sequestering carbon dioxide, sheltering animals, building soils and so on.
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The Life Ethic Thesis
Living organisms are not only means but ends.
In addition to their instrumental value tohumans and other living organisms, theyhave an intrinsic worth.
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Nothing in Nature Grows Forever
Continuation of life depends on themaintenance of the global bio-geochemical cycles of essential
elements, in particular, C, O, N, S and P.
The probability of extinction of populations ofa species is greatest when the density is
very high or very low.
The chance that a species has to survive andreproduce is dependant primarily uponone or two key factors in the complex
web of relationships of the organism to
its environment.
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The Overrun Thesis
The Overrun Thesis
Our ability to change the face of theEarth increases at a faster rate than our
ability to foresee the consequences ofchange.
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Strategies of an Alternative Global Nation
Do we want this?
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Or do we want this?
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Can We Close the Circle?
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Or Have We Peaked Too Soon?
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YieldSystem Yield is the sum total of surplus energy produced, stored,
conserved, reused, or converted by the design. Energy is in surplus
once the system itself has available all its needs for growth,
reproduction, and maintenance. Unused surplus results in pollutionand more work.
The only ethical decision is to take responsibility for our own
existence and that of our children.
Cooperation, not competition, is the very basis of future survival
and of existing life systems.
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Permaculture Competencies Primitive living skills Settlement, village life-ways and folkways Map building and modeling Permaculture principles
Concepts and themes in design The local ecosystem Forms of eco-gardening and farming Broad scale, bioregional site design The application of specific methods, laws and
principles to design Pattern understanding and observation skills Climatic factors Plants and trees and their energy interactions
Water: collection, storage, purification Soils Earth-working and earth resources Zone and sector analysis Food forests and small animal husbandry Cropping and large animal husbandry Harvest and utility forests Natural forests
Aquaculture Planning the homestead Green structures, ecological building
practices Craftwork and chores Equipment, tools, bio-fuels and vehicles Renewable energy, system design and
implementation Energy conservation Biological waste management and recycling Strategies for different climates Urban and suburban strategies Small farm and garden management and
marketing
Strategies of an alternative global nation Political, social, economic issues and
solutions Designing public policy Land and forest restoration Human settlement and local ecology Site selection, mapping and modeling Dividing, distributing, apportioning land Practical work on design
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The Principles of Permaculture Design
Whereas Permaculture ethics are more akin to broad moral values and codes ofbehavior, the principles of Permaculture provide a set of universally applicable
guidelines which can be used in designing sustainable habitats. Distilled from
multiple disciplines- ecology, energy conservation, landscape design, and
environmental science- these principles are inherent in any Permaculture
design, in any climate, and at any scale.
Relative location
Each element performs multiple functions
Each function is supported by many elements
Energy efficient planning
Using biological resources
Energy cyclingSmall-scale intensive systems
Natural plant succession and stacking
Polyculture and diversity of species
Increasing edge within a system
Observe and replicate natural patterns
Pay attention to scale
Attitude