Intro to IxNetwork Feb 2012

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Introduction to IxNetwork

COURSE # 985-0200February, 2012

26601 Agoura RCalabasas, CA 913

(Toll Free US) 1 .877.FOR.IX(Intl) +1.818.871.180

(Fax) 818.871.180www.ixiacom.c
http://www.ixiacom.com/http://www.ixiacom.com/


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ii Introduction to IxNetwork

Copyright 2012 Ixia. All rights reserved.

This publication may not be copied, in whole or in part, without Ixias consent.

RESTRICTED RIGHTS LEGEND: Use, duplication, or disclosure by the U.S. Government is subject to the restrictions set forth insubparagraph (c)(1)(II) of the Rights in Technical Data and Computer Software clause at DFARS 252.227-7013 and FAR 52.227-19.

Ixia, the Ixia logo, and all Ixia brand names and product names in this document are either trademarks or registered trademarks of Ixia inthe United States and/or other countries. All other trademarks belong to their respective owners.

This material is for informational purposes only a nd subject to change without notice. It describes Ixias present plans to develop andmake available to its customers certain products, features and functionality. Ixia is only obligated to provide those deliverablesspecifically included in a written agreement between Ixia and the customer.

Corporate Headquarters Ixia Worldwide Headquarters 26601 W. Agoura Rd.Calabasas, CA 91302USA(877) FOR IXIA (877-367-4942)+1 (818) 871-1800 (International)(FAX) +1 (818) [email protected]

Web site : www.ixiacom.com General : [email protected] Investor Relations : [email protected] Training : [email protected] Support : [email protected]

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Introduction to IxNetwork iii

IxNetwork Introduction

Table of Contents

IxNetwork Introduction 1

Module 1 Port Management 24

Lab 1 Port Management 36

Module 2 Protocol Configuration 46

Lab 2A: BGP Protocol Configuration 61

Lab 2b: OSPF Protocol Configuration 80

Module 3 Basic Traffic Wizard 93

Lab 3: Basic Traffic Wizard 117

Module 4 Advanced Traffic Wizard 132

Lab 4: Advanced Traffic Wizard 156

Module 5 Quick Flow Groups 177

Lab 5: Raw Traffic using Quick Flow Groups 190

Appendix A Parameter Tables 201


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Introduction to IxNetwork 1



Overview

IxNetwork is a tool for testing routing, switching, authentication and access protocols. We willcover the basic routing protocol configuration process and perform through a general workflow atest for generating traffic over advertised routes using various methods of measuring andevaluating the performance and operational integrity of a router, switch or system under test.

The emphasis of this course is on traffic generation and measurement. The subtleties of individualprotocol technologies and configuration are covered in separate courses available through Ixia aslecture/lab or online e-learning courses.


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2 Introduction to IxNetwork


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2010 Ixia. All rights reserved.2

Agenda

IxNetwork Introduction What is IxNetwork? Key features IxNetwork use cases

IxNetwork Procedure1. Port management2. Protocol configuration3. Traffic wizard4. Test Composer 5. Quick Tests

Traces and diagnosis


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What Is IxNetwork?

Ixias IxNetwork is a performance verification tool for Routers Switches Layer 2/3 forwarding devices

By running large scale protocol emulations

Generate high emulated user traffic load


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What Is IxNetwork?

Monitoring and reporting: Throughput Packet loss Latency Latency Variation (Jitter)

Sequential delivery metrics duplicate packets Data Integrity Misdirected packets Convergence Time Packets and packet contents preview & capture


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IPv4 and IPv6 Protocols Supported

Routing/VPN

BGP, BGP+, MBGP

OSPFv2, OSPFv3

ISISv4, ISISv6

RIP, RIPng

EIGRP

BFD

LDP, RSVP-TE

L2 MPLS VPN, VPLS (both LDPand BGP based)

L3 MPLS VPN, Multicast VPN,Multicast VPNv6

Multicast

IGMPv2/v3, MLDv1/v2

PIM-SMv4/v6, PIM-SSMv4/v6

Bridging and Switching

Native VLAN/Ethernet

LACP

STP, RSTP, MSTP, PVST+,RPVST+

CFM / Y.1731 / PBB-TE

Link-OAM

FCoE Client


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IPv4 and IPv6 Protocols Supported

Access

DHCPv4/v6

PPPoX

L2TP

Authentication / Authorization

802.1x NAC - (L2NAC) EAPoUDP - (L3NAC)


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Key Features

Key Features

Graphical test wizards for easy set up of protocols and traffic

Multi-port grid for fast, scaleable configuration acrossmultiple ports

Extensive functional depth on protocols and options

Comprehensive protocol and per-flow traffic statistics for detailedtroubleshooting and analysis Managed Flow Groups (16,000 maximum) Receive and measure flows (4 Million maximum)

Ingress and Egress Tracking on any field

Test Composer for automation to dynamically emulate networkinstabilities

QuickTest suite from IxAutomate for complex iterative testing


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Key Features

Traffic Wizards Coordinates signatures, times stamps, etc on both transmit and receive ports Includes packet editor

Quick Tests predefined tests over emulated topologies Dynamic or static routes RFC 2544 Throughput, Latency, Frame Loss and Back to Back Custom tests: Continuous / Fixed Duration, Step, Throughput

Statistics Control Plane or Data plane only By port, flow, or custom drill down Flow Detective Highlight abnormal behavior between test results

Save and retrieve entire configuration but selectively apply: Ports Protocols Wizard configurations Traffic stream configurations


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IxNetwork Key Feature

Integrated Control Plane EmulationData Plane Traffic Generation

Real-Time Traffic/Protocol Analysis


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IxNetwork Control Plane

Comprehensive Wizards Wizards make complicated jobs easier Configure protocols, traffic generation/analysis, and tests 22 Protocol Wizards and 3 Traffic Wizards


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IxNetwork FT Replaces IxRouter

Installed independently with IxNetwork for IxExplorer

Provides ARP & Ping for IxExplorer

Installed automatically on chassis

Selectively installed on client PC Must have IxExplorer installed first Same licensing


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Migration From IxRouter to IxNetwork FT

IxNetwork FT contains all API calls supported by IxRouter Including stream generation (IxExplorer style) IxRouter scripts are 100% compatible with IxNetwork FT

ScriptGen can still be used to convert the protocol & streamconfiguration to TCL scripts

Existing port (.prt) and line module (.crd) files can be directlyimported to IxNetwork Protocol configuration only

Traffic stream configuration cannot be imported.

Must remove IxRouter from both client and server


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Connecting / Disconnecting Test Session

IxNetwork provides the concept of test session A test session coordinates all TX and RX ports simultaneously.

Control and measurements are done by IxNetwork test applicationrunning on client PC when normally terminated: The test session will stop Port ownership will be released

Work-around to keep test running is to run IxNetwork from a remotedesktop connection or Terminal Server User will login remotely to run IxNetwork. Users will be able to disconnect and re-connect to the test session running on

remote desktop or Terminal Server without logging out.


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IxNetwork Installation

IxNetwork is a client-server application Client components installed in Windows PC, including Stats Engine, GUI

client, SQL Server , .net framework & License Registration Utility (LRU) Server components installed in Ixia chassis, including Hardware Manager,

Stats Engine, IxNetwork server & License Registration Utility (LRU)

IxNetwork client & server installation requires Pentium 4 PC with512MB of RAM and 600MB of hard drive space

1 GB RAM required for stateful traffic

IxNetwork license (per protocol)Analyzer license for enhanced features of the analyzer

IxExplorer must be installed for Quick Test feature


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License Management

Register licenses to enable individual protocol features

All protocol components will be locked to ONE Ixia chassis I.E., you only need to order one OSPF protocol per chassis Its a single license with all protocols included

Without protocol license, user can configure protocol andtraffic by cannot run the protocol

Allows user to specify alternate location of License Server(connected chassis is default). To change the location, select Help Menu Licensing . Use diagnostics in IRU to ensure or test license accessibility.


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IxNetwork Sample Use Case

Use Case: Validate the performance and scalability of enterpriserouters Emulate various protocol topologies to characterize the performance of

enterprise router. Scenarios can be simulated without setting up a large network Measure the scalability limit of enterprise routers before actual deployment

Traffic


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IxNetwork Configuration and Operation


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IxNetwork Test Configuration Workflow

1. Select chassis and ports Port Management

2. Run protocol configuration wizard to set up the emulated topology

3. Fine tune the emulated topology with the multi-port configuration grid Protocol resource tree

4. Run the protocol evaluate and troubleshoot configuration

5. Traffic Wizard configure traffic streams based on the emulated topology Basic Traffic wizard Advanced Traffic wizard Quick Flow Groups

6. Modify the emulated topology & protocol parameters on -the- fly

7. Modify some traffic parameters on -the- fly Frame size (distribution) Tx rate

8. More complex iterative testing Test Composer Quick Tests


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2010 Ixia. All rights reserved.

NavigationIcons

20

GUI layout Configuration Screen

ProtocolConfgurationParameters

Window

Chassis andPort

configuration

Control &Configuration


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GUI layout Statistics Screen

Data PlanePort

Statistics

Control &Configuration


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Port Management 25

Module 1 Port Configuration


Port Management


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After completing this module, students will be able to:

Allocate and configure Ixia chassis ports for testing protocols andgenerating traffic

To accomplish this, students will:

Allocate a chassis if available

Select and take ownership of ports connected to DUT

Optionally configure various L1/L2 parameters for test

Module Learning Objectives


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Port Management

Users have two choices to set up port add Unassigned or Assignedports

Assigned port Associated with a chassis hardware Configuration is syncd with chassis hardware every 5 seconds or on demand can be moved to other Ixia hardware by directly reassigning ports

Unassigned port configuration can be performed without available hardware resource can not send/receive packets

assigned to chassis ports to apply configurationReleased Port Temporarily detaches an assigned port from the hardware Configuration sync is suspended Allows for hot-swapping chassis modules while application runs

Ports from a saved configuration can be mapped to a different chassis


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User Management

IxOS/IxRouter can run with or without user login loose andunsecured user management retains ownership on exit

IxNetwork enforces port ownership for every test session Users use the default login:

IxNetwork / Computer Host Name / Login ID Preferences allow an alternate login name if desired

Once the port is used by a user, the login name will be visible onport picker menu

Users have the option to force ownership release of the portsand destroy existing users test session

Ownership automatically released when application terminated

IxServer will record change of ownership in server log


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Port Management 29



Select a chassis Port management

Add chassis to view ports status Blue Check port is owned by current client Green available port, link up Red available port, link down Green with X owned by someone else, link up Red with X owned by someone else, link down Empty circle with Red X unassigned / released port Grey no communication with port CPU (port is resetting / rebooting)

The ownership of ports may be released with right click option


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Port Management 31



Unassigned Port Steps

Step 1 Add offline ports

Step 2 Indicate the number of portsand the L1 port type

Step 3 After selecting (OK) addl

L1/L2 parameters can be applied(no apply)

Step 4 Proceed to configureprotocols and traffic will not Tx/Rx


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Assigned Ports to Unassigned Ports Steps

Step 1 Select chassis(es)

Step 2 (Clear ownership if necessary, then)Select unowned ports from chassis

Assign to remaining or to selected ports

Step 3 Ports will be assigned and set toport configuration

Step 4 Can also reboot and resetports any time afterwards

Step 5 Optional set additional L1/L2parameters & apply


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Port Management 33



Student Lab

To successfully complete the lab (Hint)

Instructor will provide chassis IP address Refer to appendix A for port assignments Use your assigned number to select your ports Do not steal ports from other students! Make sure nobody steals your ports!

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Discussion

Question 1: What are the different ways to bring up the L1configuration window?

Question 2: How do you confirm the ports are available to youfor configuration?

Question 3: What is left unchanged after you reset a port tofactory default? ...after you reboot the port?

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Port Management 35



Things to Remember About this Lab

If you are uncertain of the chassis or ports, configureunassigned ports.

Under certain conditions, ports are released you mustreconnect to use those ports again.

Capture and Measure modes are normally mutually exclusiveexcept for certain load modules.

It is always a good idea to reboot ports that appear to bebehaving strangely configurations can always be reapplied.

Port reset to factory default is an option and can be changedto keep & pull down existing configuration

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Lab 1 Port Management

Overview

The first step in using IxNetwork is to allocate ports, either real or virtual (offline) for subsequentprotocol and traffic configuration. Numerous options are available for setting additional L1 and L2parameters to coincide with the requirements of the test procedure and to correspond with theload modules in the Ixia chassis.

In this lab we will allocate the ports to be used in subsequent lab exercises and demonstratevarious ways to manage and manipulate the port status and parameters.

Lab Objectives

Students who complete this lab will be able to:

Assign and control port ownership for IxNetwork. Control the various L1 parameters of their ports. Save these parameters for subsequent invocations of IxNetwork.


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Port Management 37


Test Topology

See Figure 1 for the topology of this test. This topology diagram shows the physical wiring andlayout of the Ixia chassis, as well as the devices that are used for running the tests.

Figure 1: Port Management Topology


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Description of Lab Procedure

This test procedure will consist of the following major steps as listed below.

A. Connect to a chassis IP address to be provided by instructor.

B. Allocate ports from that chassis.

C. Manipulate the various L1/L2 and other parameters for the ports useful for subsequenttesting.

D. Reset and reboot ports in preparation for subsequent lab exercises.

Procedure

1. Acquire your user number from your instructor before proceeding with this lab. Yournumber will determine your PC, chassis ports and IP address assignments as indicated inAppendix A.

2. If not done already, connect to your assigned PC and start up IxNetwork on your desktop.

3. In the Test Configuration window, select Ports . Select the Add Ports button in the ribbonat the top. If you do not see it, click on Ports on left hand side of window, or select theHome menu at the top.


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Port Management 39


4. On the left side of the screen labeled Chassis in your Network, select the + button tochoose a chassis. The instructor will provide the IP address of the chassis managementport. Enter it and select OK. Wait for the chassis connection to be established which willdisplay as a green circle.

5. Expand the card(s) your ports are on, highlight those ports, and select the double arrowbutton to add and assign those ports. Click on OK.


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6. Wait for the ports to reset where they will return to green. A frequent need to adjustcolumn width in tables to display the values or header entries can be done by right clickingin the header row and selecting Best Fit (all columns).

7. The Port Manager screen provides a table displaying many of the L1 and chassis portbehavior parameters and they can be modified from this table as well. The large number ofparameters would make the table inconveniently wide. At the bottom of the display thereare two tabs labeled General and Ethernet which when selected will display a table with aselect subset of parameters. Select Ethernet tab to display those related parameters.

8. If you click in the Speed Ethernet cell, there is a drop -down menu. Uncheck AutoNegotiate and you will then be able to select a specific speed and duplex. Click OK at thebottom of this drop down window.


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Port Management 41


9. Note at the top of the screen, an Apply and Undo button are now selectable. The changesyou make here are not downloaded to the chassis until you select Apply. Until then, you canUndo your changes one at a time, or reverse that and Redo your changes one at a time. Onceyou select the Apply button, you will not be able to undo or redo anything that had been

done up to this point. Make sure that you select Undo to set back to Auto Negotiate!

10. You may create a customized table displaying only those parameters you are interested in.At the lower left bottom of the table, select the tab to the right most. Holding the cursorover this will result in a pop up balloon stating Create New page. Click on this tab to displaya dialog that will allow you to pick and choose fields for your newly created tab.


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11. Your table starts out with 3 default columns to which you can add. Expand Ethernet on theleft, select all items and move them to the right side using the center arrow. From here,

expand the General entry and select Connection Status and move to the right. Then selectOK.

12. At the bottom you will see a new tab called New Grid. If you select it, your custom table willdisplay. Right click in the tab and select Rename from drop down menu.

13. Rename the grid to My Grid . Remember to use the checkmark on the right side of therename window to accept your changes.

14. If you wish to modify the column fields in an existing table, right click in the header row andselect Column Chooser. The chooser in the previous step will reappear allowing you to add,remove, or reorder the columns.


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15. Return to the General tab. Right click on your second port and select Simulate Link Down.That port will now turn red.

16. Right click in th e column called Connection Status and select the Group By This Columnoption.

17. Although more useful when there are more ports to work with, you can see the table hasnow divided up the grouping of ports based on the state described in a new title line.


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18. If you want to go back to the default view, right click on the tabs at the bottom and selectRestore Default. Make sure to simulate link up for the second port so that both portsshow link up!

19. An alternative and more conventional way to configure L1 parameters is to click on theEdit L1 Properties button at the top of the window .


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Port Management 45


20. This will bring up a Layer 1 Configuration screen from which you can select each port inturn on the left and the tab for the L1 parameters on the right. Note that here, there is noundo operation and selecting the OK button is the same as selecting Apply. Click Cancel toreturn to the Port Manager Screen (see screen shot above).

21. Under the Name column, enter a more useful port name as Port 1 and Port 2.

22. Select the first port by left clicking in the left most (numbered) column. Hold down the shiftkey and select the second port. Both ports are now selected and highlighted. Right clickanywhere in the highlighted area and select Reboot CPU + Factory Default. When the greencircle returns for each port, the configuration will back in its original state which will berequired for subsequent lab exercises.


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Module 2 Protocol Configuration


Configuring Protocols


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After completing this module, students will be able to:

Configure and run routing protocols across multiple ports on Ixiachassis through a DUT or SUT


Use the protocol wizard

Set protocol parameters directly

Run protocol and diagnose any errors in your configuration

Module Learning Objectives


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Protocol Configuration via Wizard

Highly recommended that the protocol wizards be used initially

Minimal parameters required to ensure minimal working configuration provide values for first port / first router only Values for remaining ports and routers will be computed by wizard

Customizations and enhancement may be done upon completion

Makes troubleshooting mis-configurations much simpler

Must own at least one port (assigned or unassigned)


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Wizard Screens


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Fine Tuning

Fine tune your configuration by selecting protocol on left side.

Select a column or group of cells, right click, and select a functionalrelation among the cells for fast parameter settings.

If protocol is running, changes generally take effect immediately.


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Enable Graphics for Statistics

From the Home menu at the top, select the Test Options button.

Select for the protocol for which you want to view graphs.


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Starting the Protocols

Select a port and click the Start ButtonSelect a port, right click and select Start Protocol

Select the protocol folder (text) right click and select Start Protocol

Select the Start Protocol button on the tool bar (visible from all windows

Select start from Port Trace window

All protocols on all ports

Start single configuredprotocol

Start protocol on single port


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Graphic Views of Stats & Protocol States

Protocol states will display as pie charts Pie segment reflect state of routers per port Color coded against legend to reflect current protocol state Move cursor over pie chart or table cell to highlight additional information

Traffic stats will display as a line graph

Line graphs include additional display parameters to make viewingeasier and more interesting


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Lab Steps

Step 1: Allocate ports

Step 2: Run protocol wizard perprotocol

Step 3: Fine Tune the configurationto match test requirements

Step 4: Start up the protocol andverify operation

Step 5: Evaluate and diagnoseprotocol operation


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Student Lab

To successfully complete the lab (Hint)

Make sure the ports allocated in prior lab are up and active.

Use IP addresses as provided in Appendix according to yourassigned number

FIRST examine protocol interface table for errors

! Means ARP failed bad address/gateway??

Errors made in the wizard should be corrected by rerunning

the wizardReset & Reboot port if port behavior becomes strange and

just reapply wizard configuration

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Lab 2a - BGP Topology


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Lab 2b - OSPF Topology


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Discussion

Question 1: What are the 6 ways to start a protocol running?

Question 2 Which protocols are supplemented with anaggregated state diagram?

Question 3: How to you get changes to the protocolconfiguration to take effect?

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Things to Remember About this Lab

Running the protocol wizard to finish shuts down the protocolon all ports select in first screen

Only stateful protocols have a state diagram graph

Through the port, bring up a dynamic log to troubleshootmisconfiguration problems

Use protocol statistics to confirm proper operation of protocol

Supplement your evaluation by examining table on the DUT!!

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Lab 2A: BGP Protocol Configuration

The Border Gateway Protocol version 4 is the standard exterior gateway protocol (EGP) for ISPs

and large enterprise networks that desire a close interaction with the Internet to control routingthrough their domain. This protocol is designed to handle extremely large routing tables, aggregateroutes to reduce routing table lookups and do so with minimal loss of information to select the bestpath to destination networks. With network topology changes, it converges at a moderate speed,faster than RIP, but slower than OSPF. Since changes will have a wide impact across thousands ofrouters, a dampening mechanism is used to reduce traffic loss in consideration of instabilities.

It is imperative that with a mixed vendor environment across autonomous systems,interoperability is ensured, and high volumes of network traffic are handled in consideration ofnetwork layer reachability changes as they propagate through the BGP routing domain.

In an ISP environment, typical BGP routers can be peered with a few dozen other routers. The Ixiawill test the router by simulating a large number of peer connections, generating and advertising a

controlled number of routes and forwarding controlled traffic to determine the effects and behaviorof the router.

Objectives

The student is required to create an AS topology for BGP consisting of three IBGP and three EBGPpeer connections per port as shown in the following diagram. Bidirectional traffic will be sent toverify the routing table forwarding process.

The AS path and origin will be manipulated to demonstrate how the DUT will receive and advertisethese attributes and influen ce the DUTs route selection process.

Using the wizard, configure BGP on 2 ports. Diagnose, evaluate and observe the running protocol statistics and logs.


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Lab Procedure

NOTE : Allocate your ports. You may selectively allocate a subset of ports for yourown testing purposes on the DUT. You may not allocate ports that have been assignedto other testers. Your ownership is fully authenticated to your own computer andlogin. Ownership will be maintained until you explicitly relinquish the ports orterminate IxNetwork.

1. Continue with the port assignment from Lab 1.

Note: Configuring BGP on the ports. For convenience and speed, it is highlyrecommended that you use the protocol wizard for the initial configuration of theports. You may then proceed to make additional changes or additions with a high

confidence that there will be minimal chance of failure to provide a c omplete orcorrect configuration.

2. Make sure you are on the Home menu, and select the Add Protocols button from the topribbon to bring up the Protocol Wizard.


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3. Select BGP and launch the wizard using the parameters in Table 1 of Appendix A.

4. Select the first port only. This configuration will be used as a template for the secondport. Select Next .


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5. In the second screen, select Configure Topology & Generate . Indicate that there will be 3peer routers emulated by the Ixia chassis off this port. For the lab exercise, we will provideall Network Layer information through the wizard in subsequent screens.

Note : The alternative is to provide a BGP RIB acquired from the text output ofshow ip bgp on the router. The file containing this raw text can be imported intothe wizard appearing to have been acquired from an IBGP peer on the side of thevirtual router facing away from the DUT.

6. Assign peer addresses from the lab parameter table 1 in Appendix A. Since we areconfiguring only one port, the increment per port will not be significant. Click Next afteryouve fill ed in the entries as described below.


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a. IP type Select IPv4 .

b. Emulated Peer IP Address Enter the IP address of the first Ixia router port from tablein table 1 in appendix A. Addresses for the remaining emulated routers are computedby the wizard from the increment provided.

c. Gateway address will be automatically filled in since it must be on the same subnet.

d. Increment Per Router is used to compute the address of the next peer addressconnected on the same port by adding this to each succeeding value. Not used if thenumber of peers per port is just 1.

e. Increment Per Port If multiple ports were selected in the first wizard screen, thisvalue would be added to the first router IP to compute the first router address on eachadditional port.

f. DUT Information Scroll down to the area labeled DUT Information and use the PeerIP address of 10.10.10.10 which is an internal interface address of the DUT. Theincrement remains 0.0.0.0 for all subsequent routers. Select Next .


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7. Select t he default BGP type Internal . Generate 10 routes per peer and specify the firstroute of the range for the first peer from Appendix A. Set the increment to add to the firstbyte for the next peer 1.0.0.0 . After entering below values, select Next > .

a. BGP Type Either Internal or External for all peers on all ports selected from the wizardscreen #1.

b. Local AS Number of the Ixia. Will -increment per peer if type is External . Will notchange if type is Internal .

c. Advertise routes optionally you can advertise one range of routes per peer using thewizard.

d. Number of routes per peer how many networks will be advertised in a single updatemessage. All will share common attributes. One route range is created!

e. First route the address of the first network in the range. Subsequent networkaddresses in the range will be incremented on netid boundary based on the mask.

f. Increment by the first route in the route range will be incremented by this value forthe next peer and the mask will again be used to generate a range of networks to beadvertised.


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8. Give your configuration the name Internal and select Generate and Overwrite AllProtocol Configuration to clear other configs on the ports. Select Finish to return to thegeneral wizard screen.

9. Double click Internal , the configuration you just created, to launch the wizard, but as youstep through the screens, make the following changes:


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a. Screen 1: Deselect the first and select only the second port.

b. Screen 2: Skip just select Next> .

c. Screen 3: Set the emulated peer address according to the appendix for the second port.The Gateway address will automatically change. You also need to select Same AsGateway for the DUT Information.


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d. Screen 4: Set the BGP type as External

e. Enter the correct AS number as described in the appendix. This will be unique to eachstudent.

f. Enter an increment by 1 .g. Change the First route as indicated for the second port in the appendix.


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h. Screen 5 : Save this configuration with the name External and click on Finish .


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10. You should now see both wizard configurations in the protocol wizard window. SelectClose to close the wizard window.

11. Verify protocol interface by issuing PING command to the DUT interface. Under ProtocolConfiguration on left hand side of window in resource tree, select Protocol Interfaces .The middle pane should now show you your two ports (see screen capture below). Rightclick on one of your ports and select Ping from the pop -out menu. Ping either or both ofthe gateway addresses. You may need to retry this until it succeeds. If you see a redexclamation mark ! in the Port Link Column, there has been an ARP failure, typically theresult of setting a wrong IP address. Re-run the wizard configuration to correct this error.


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12. Next we will try to ping. Remember we are going to ping the gateway addresses. Youcannot ping all the way through to the emulated routers. When you send Ping, it often failsthe first time. Click the button multiple times to see if the ping is successful. You can eitheruse the Ping button at the top of the window, or right click on an interface and select

Ping.


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16. Go back to Protocol Configuration and select BGP/BGP+ under the resource tree. Clickthe 3rd tab over in middle pane called IPv4 Peers . Its hard to see what these tabs say! Select the Learned Routes Filter tab from BOTTOM of this window. Enable Filter IPv4Unicast for each emulated router and enable Fetch Detailed IPv4 Unicast Info for only the

first emulated router of each port. We will view the RIB after we turn on the protocol.

17. Let s start our protocols and see our results. Starting the protocols is easy once configured.There is a button that appears at the top of the screen labeled as BGP. Select this button tostart all of the BGP protocols.


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18. From here, we need to see our results and see if the protocols started. Click on the tab atthe bottom of the screen labeled BGP Statistics so that we can select the stats we want tobuild the stat view for.

19. Next, we need to select the stats we are interested in. Make sure that both BGP statistics areselected. Click OK when done with this page.

20. Confirm that all peers have advanced to the established state. First look at the BGPAggregated Stats to see how many sessions we have configured. This is a spreadsheetview. No charts in this view.


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21. Next look at the next tab over to see the actual pie charts associated with BGP.


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22. You can see the individual port BGP stats by right clicking on each of the ports on the lefthand side and selecting Open BGP Stats from the drop down.

23. If you have any errors, you can re-run the wizard and fix the incorrect values. Uponfinishing the wizard, you will need to restart the protocols.


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24. Go to the BGP Folder and expand the ports fully. Right click - select Expand . For each peer,click on Learned Routes and in the right screen click on Refresh . The Refresh button isat the top of the window. This will display the RIB as would be seen on the emulatedrouters with more detail in the first router of each port as we set up the filter in an earlier

step.

25. Optionally, you can Telnet into the DUT and display the BGP routing table and IP routingtable ( show ip bgp ). Address and password will be provided by the instructor, so pleaseask if youd like to do this .

26. SAVE your configuration for future lab exercises by selecting the floppy disk icon or throughthe FILE menu.


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Lab 2b: OSPF Protocol Configuration

The Open Shortest Path First Protocol Version 2 is becoming the standard interior gateway protocol

(IGP) for large IP networks that contain complex topologies and high levels of path redundancy.This protocol is designed to handle large routing tables efficiently and aggregate routes to reducerouting table lookups. With network topology changes, it converges at a high speed, much fasterthan RIP. Administratively determined metrics are assigned to all outbound interfaces allowing ahighly granular path selection to be made based on total path cost to the destination network.

The Ixia will test the router by simulating a large number of routers and networks, generating andadvertising controlled link state advertisements and forwarding controlled traffic to determine theeffects and behavior of the router.

Objectives

The student is required to create a topology for OSPF emulating immediate neighboring routers asin Figure 3. Bidirectional traffic will be sent to verify the routing table forwarding process.

The LSAs will be manipulated to demonstrate how the DUT will receive and advertise them.

Using the protocol wizard, configure the OSPF protocol on your chassis interfaces. Run the protocol and evaluate the operational state of the interfaces. Use the multiport grid feature to change values in the parameter tables.

Demonstrate the effects of route ranges versus network ranges


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This will launch the Protocol Wizards window.

3. Select OSPF and launch the wizard to configure both ports using the parameters inparameters table 2 in Appendix A.


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4. Select both ports.

5. Assign port addresses from the lab parameter table 2 in appendix A. There will be 3neighbors per port. You need only provide the first router address on the first port. Thenclick Next .

a. Number of routers per Port 3 . You can have multiple neighbors accessible from eachDUT port. The wizard restricts you to the same number of routers per port andcomputes their addresses from increments provided here.

b. Tester IP Address Enter the IP address of the first Ixia port from the table.

c. Gateway Address Used by the Ixia to direct traffic to an address not on this subnet automatically filled in with same subnet as Tester!

d. Increment Per Router Is used to compute the address of the next tester address onthe same port by adding this to each succeeding value. Not used if the number ofneighboring routers per port is just 1. Set to 0.0.0.1 .

e. Increment Per Port Used to compute the address of the first router on the next port byadding this to each succeeding value of the Tester IP Address. Set to 0.0.1.0 . ClickNext>


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6. Enable Advertise Routes . Generate 10 routes per neighbor and specify the first route ofthe range for the first neighbor from table 2 in appendix A. Set the metric for all routes tosame value. The effect will be observed on the DUT routing table.

a. Advertise routes Enable - optionally you can advertise one range of routes perneighbor using the wizard.

b. Number of Routes per Router 10 the number indicates how many routes will begenerated as a group of LSA type 3 networks.

c. First Route See Table - specify the address of the first network in the range.Subsequent network addresses in the range will be incremented based on the mask.

d. Increment by 1.0.0.0 - the first route will be incremented by this value for the nextneighbor and the mask will be the same. This will generate a consecutive range ofnetworks to be advertised.

e. Route Origin Another Area How the network is advertised:

Note : Determines how the network will appear in the LSDB:Another Area: Type 3 LSAExternal 1: Type 5 LSA (T1)External 2: Type 5 LSA (T2)Same Area: Stub network on neighbor router Type 1 LSA (T3 link)

f. Route Metric 15 - Set to any non-zero value.

7. Skip the next 2 screens. We will advertise network ranges in a matrix configuration in thenext part. We will not be using Traffic Engineering. Select Next twice.


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8. Save your configuration with the name Part 1 by generating a new one and applying it tothe ports. Select Generate and Overwrite All Protocol Configurations as OSPF will be theonly protocol running on the ports. Click on Finish . This should close the window.

9. Close the Protocols Wizards main window.

10. Verify protocol interface by issuing PING command to the DUT interface. Click on ProtocolInterfaces from under Protocol Configuration in the resource tree on left. Right click onone of your ports in the middle pane and select Ping from the drop down menu. Useeither of the default gateway addresses you configured in the wizard. You may need toretry this until it succeeds. If you see a red exclamation mark ! in the Port Link Column,there has been an ARP failure, typically the result of setting a wrong IP address. Rerun thewizard configuration to correct errors if there are any.


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11. You can send Ping by using the buttons at the top of the window on near the middle.

12. Or you can send Ping by right clicking on the ports themselves and selecting Ping from thedropdown.


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Next we are going to configure working with the Learned LSAs. Go back to OSPF button on theleft. In the middle pane, make sure you click on the Routers tab at the top and Router at thebottom. Scroll to the right and make sure the check box for Discard Le arned LSAs isunchecked for at least one router. The effect of this will be shown later in this lab.

13. We are going to now configure our statistics so that we can see OSPF aggregated stats. Go tothe Test Options button at the top of the window. Make sure you are in the Home menu tosee it! From here, go to Stat Viewer Options and find OSPF. Put a checkmark by both theports. Dont forget to also select Tx/Rx Frame Rate Statistics.

14. Select and enable both of your ports for each:

Tx/Rx Frame Rate Statistics

OSPF Aggregated State Count15. When done, close this window and the changes will be saved.


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16. Now lets start OSPF and see if it works! Start OSPF with the Start OSPF button at the top ofthe window. If you dont see this button, click on Protocol Configuration in the resourcetree on left. Remember to select Start All from the drop down or the protocol will notstart!

17. Now lets go see if it all worked. Click on the Global Protocol Statistics button and makesure to check the boxes next to the OSPF stats.


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18. Select the OSPF Aggregated State Counts Tab at the top of the stat window and confirmthat all neighbors have advanced to the full state. The pie charts should be slightlydifferent colors of green.

19. In the other tab you can see the numbers (no graphs). If you cannot see another tab, use thearrow buttons on the top right hand side of the graph window.


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NOTE : View the number of updates advertised. These are total packet counts perport. If you scroll further to the right, the columns will provide payload data withtotal counts of various LSA types in the packets overall.

20. In order to see the learned LSAs, you need to expand your ports. To do this, click on OSPFon the left side of window in the resource tree. Right click and use Expand 2 levels.Expand this out until you see the Learned LSAs option under the RIDs on your ports. Youmight also click on the arrows to expand the levels. Click the Refresh button in the ribbonat top. Examine the Link state advertisements that been advertised by the DUT anddistinguish the type 1,2 and 3 LSAs.

21. For more information on any LSA that has been learned, double click on the row in the tableand a window will pop up to display the details of update message fields. Note that thecontents are relative to the area the receiving interface is in!

22. Click on Learned LSAs on the other port. Is there a pattern that prevents both ports fromgenerating conflicting router ids and networks?

23. Telnet to the DUT and display the LSDB and the IP routing table to display the impact of theadvertisements. Look for entries created by your emulated routers (the 2 nd octet is your

assigned number!) The instructor will provide the IP address. The password is ixia .show ip ospf database

show ip route

24. SAVE your configuration from the File menu as you will need this in future lab exercises!!


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Module 3 Basic Traffic Wizard


Overview

After protocols are configured and running correctly, the basic traffic wizard can be used to take theprotocol information and quickly create traffic streams for testing data plane traffic. This modulewill review the implementation of the basic traffic wizard to quickly create flow groups usingprotocol configuration parameters.


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Basic Traffic WizardIntroduction to IxNetwork

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Module Goals & Objectives

Upon completing this module, students will be able to:

Quickly configure traffic using the basic traffic wizard


Use the Protocol configuration from prior section

Invoke the Basic Traffic wizard to generate traffic betweenprotocol advertised routes

Drill down traffic statistics from traffic item to flow to verifyand evaluate traffic flow and pattern

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Traffic Item

Flow Group1

HW Stream1 (Port 1)

Flow 1

Flow 2

Flow 3

HW Stream2 (Port 1)

Flow 4

Flow 5

Flow Group2

HW Stream1 (Port 2)

Flow 6

Flow 7

Flow 8

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Traffic I tem created by single wizardrun, common encapsulation at highestlayer (IPv4)

Flow Group Packet flows with sametraffic profile, including frame size,frame rate and content

HW Stream HW stream, not visible inIxNetwork

Flow packets tracked/identified byunique PGID

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Basic Traffic Wizard Use for Basic Routing tests Integrated with protocols Supports mixed encapsulations Ingress tracking options No Flow Group Setup options No advanced QoS options

Advanced Traffic Wizard Use for Complex Multicast, Routing

and MPLS tests Advanced Packet/QoS configuration Flow Group Setup options Ingress/Egress tracking options

Quick Flow Groups Use for Quick L2/L3 Traffic Includes IxExplorer style UDF support Not integrated with protocols Limited traffic tracking

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Advanced TrafficWizard

Basic TrafficWizard

Quick Flow Groups

Basic Traffic Wizard


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Basic Traffic Wizard

Used only to create a traffic item

Subset of parameters from advanced wizard

Steps through the minimum to create traffic

Can divert to Advanced wizard at any time

Traffic item can be modified afterwards with advanced wizard only

Default Flow Groups implicitly created per combinedEncapsulation type + EndPoint set

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Basic Traffic Wizard - sequence

1. Topology

2. Create Endpoints

3. Frame Setup

4. Tracking

5. Summary

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Topology

Protocol Type provides a L2/L3 constraint on the trafficand endpoints for this traffic item

Source/Dest. type determines how the traffic will becreated between source and destination emulatedneighboring devices

Routes/Hosts mesh determines how the traffic will beaddressed to flow from all protocol configured items.

A Source / Destination item can be protocol interfaces(with emulated IP addresses) or a range of addressesor labels

Bidirectional explicitly creates 2 way traffic ondesignated endpoints

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EndPoint display options

Traffic groups created within protocol configurationtables

Filters can be used to reduce the complexity of thedisplayed choices: By frame encapsulation per source or destination By reusable customized filters per source or destination for fine

control combine (and/or):

IP address Port Name Protocol Vlan Id

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Routes/Hosts Router Mesh

One-one mesh will create traffic between source and destination items on a 1:1 basisfrom each source to each destination emulated neighbor router/switch 1 st to 1 st , 2 nd to 2 nd , etc When the number of items are not the same, the shorter list will be repeated Self destined (same port) traffic will generate an immediate error unless specifically allowed.

Fully meshed type will create traffic from each source to every emulated neighborrouter/switch Self destined traffic is automatically omitted Users can enable Allow Self Destined Traffic to send traffic to other route ranges on the same Ixia port

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Source/Dest. - Mesh

One - one type will create traffic between each source and destination network on a1:1 basis restricted by router mesh When the number of source and destination routes are not the same, the shorter list will be

repeated

Only the first valid host address(s) in each network will be used

Many to many type will create traffic from all possible sources to all destinationnetworks in all route ranges restricted by router mesh

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Source/Dest. - Fully Meshed

No source or destination choices

Just choose an endpoint from all available routeranges or interfaces

Traffic is implicitly Bidirectional

Fully-meshed type will create traffic across all ports

By default, only first valid host address in each

network is usedSelf-destined traffic is omitted by default

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Frame Setup

Frame Size (in bytes) Fixed Random over given range Incrementing sizes

Traffic Rate Line rate % Packet rate per second L/2 bit rate per second

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Tracking

Required for statistical measurements

Default tracking per traffic item

Flows track on values ( PGID)determined by protocol configuration Predefined field in frame Traffic group Port

Endpoint set Combined source/destination pairs Additional choices depend on protocol & encapsulation

Combinations are OK

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Identify Each Traffic Flow

Each TX packet with unique Track By option

(source/destination addresses, VLAN ID or label) will be taggedwith a special instrumentation tag, including PGID and timestamp

The receiving ports will be automatically set up to track theunique instrumentation tag

Once the tag is tracked, the traffic tables are constructed andmeasurement can be performed

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Multi-Field Tracking

Tracking adds additional flows between each pair of sourceand destination items

The tracking (measurement) will be based on the values in thetraffic wizard for each traffic item on the transmit port

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Summary

Review the traffic item configuration

Can step back to previous window to make corrections

Can divert to Advanced traffic wizard for additional control

Or just Finish!

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Statistical Tables

Ports aggregate stats control + data plane

Traffic - L2/L3 Data Plane port stats aggregate per port Traffic Item aggregate per traffic item User Defined aggregate per drill down choice Flow Statistics per tracked item by value (per PGID) Flow Detective per flow by selective high/low value (worst / best)

cases

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Lab Steps

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Step 1: With protocols configuredand running, start the Basic TrafficWizard

Step 2: Step through each windowand enter necessary parameters

Step 3: Apply your traffic configuration tothe ports

Step 4: Start the traffic

Step 5: Go to statistics window and bringup desired tables of stats drill down asneeded


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Lab Tips

To complete the lab (Hints)

Continue from previous lab Restore configuration if necessary Lost packets should be low and not increase Align tables horizontally for best viewing Make sure protocol is running!!

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Lab Topology

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200.x.1.0/24

200.x.10.0/24

203.x.1.0/24

203.x.10.0/24

201.x.1.0/24

201.x.10.0/24

204.x.1.0/24

204.x.10.0/24

202.x.1.0/24

202.x.10.0/24

205.x.1.0/24

205.x.10.0/24

.1 .1.3

.2

.4

.3

.2

.4

20.3.(x).0/24 20.3.(x+1).0/24


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Discussion

Upon creation of the traffic item, how do you edit or modifythe item?

Once traffic is running, what can be changed for the trafficitem(s)?

What happens to packets that arrive on the wrong port?

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Points Remember About this Lab

You cannot run the traffic wizard while any traffic isrunning all flow groups must be stopped!

Click on Validate to confirm a good trafficconfiguration and provide detailed warning / errormessages otherwise.

You cannot start traffic until changes are applied.

If traffic is being dropped, first make sure theprotocols are running.

You can only use the Basic traffic wizard to createnew traffic items.

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Lab 3: Basic Traffic Wizard

The primary objective of testing is generating and measuring data plane traffic. With routing

protocols configured and running, the basic traffic wizard provides a quick and easy mechanism toconfigure IxNetwork to generate traffic through the DUT appearing to originate and terminatedirectly from the port interfaces or from the networks advertised by the routing protocols. Thetraffic wizards will provide extensive control over the packet format from size and content tobandwidth utilization including controlled bursting and packet count. The wizards will also allowyou to configure and measure traffic and drill down through those measurements from traffic itemto endpoint sets to flow groups to flows.

The basic traffic wizard is a subset of operations from the advanced traffic wizard which we willcover in the next lab. Once a traffic item is created with the basic traffic wizard, subsequentchanges can be made to it but only through the advanced traffic wizard which will be invokedexplicitly when you attempt to edit a traffic item. Each traffic item, regardless when created fromthe basic or advanced wizard will show up under the All Traffic Groups icon on the right side of thescreen.

Objectives

Using the protocol configuration from the previous lab exercise, we will run through the basictraffic wizard to create flow groups and demonstrate the collection of statistics through the varioustables available.

The route metrics or attributes will be manipulated to demonstrate how the DUT will receive andadvertise these attributes and influence the DUTs route selection process.

Create endpoint sets for bidirectional traffic pairs. Diagnose, evaluate and observe the running protocol statistics and logs.


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Topology

Each port on the Ixia will emulate three neighboring routers. While the routing protocol is running,each router will advertise a single route range of 10 consecutive networks. All configuration

parameters are found in Table 1 in Appendix A.

Figure 4. Logical Lab Topology


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Lab Procedure

1. Continue with the protocol configuration from Lab 2.

NOTE : If you have reset your ports either restore from your saved configurationor rerun your wizard configurations. The protocol should be running correctly atthis point.

2. We are going to start by adding traffic to our test. At the top of the Home menu in theribbon, there is an option for this. Click on the bottom half of this button and from the drop-down, select L2-3 Basic Traffic Wizard.


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3. The first screen is a summary of the remaining screens. You have the option of steppingthrough each screen by clicking the Next or Previous button at the bottom of the screen, byselecting the icon on the left to go directly to the screen of interest, or by concluding thesetup at any time by clicking on the Finish button at the bottom of the screen. If the basic

wizard is not providing all the control you want, you can switch to the advanced trafficwizard at any time by clicking on the Advanced Wizard button. Click on Next to get started.


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4. We will limit the number of flows and flow groups by committing to a one to one mesh forboth routes and route ranges. However, we will attempt to create more end point sets bynot selecting Bi-Directional and manually configure each direction as a separate end pointset. This will allow us to use to wizard to configure different parameters for each direction.

Name the traffic item Lab 3 and Click Next .

5. Stretch the window vertically to reach the top and bottom of the main window. Expand AllPorts and expand each individual port one level to show the protocol and interfaces, alsoshowing the number of individual choices below that level. Select the protocol on the firstport as the source and the protocol on the second port as the destination. Be sure not toselect the Interfaces. Clicking on a check box selects all choices below that level.


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6. Click on the down arrow alongside Endpoint sets to add this combination as an endpointset. Then select the second port (just the protocol not the interfaces) as the source and thefirst port (just the protocol not the interfaces) as the destination and add this to yourendpoint sets. Confirm that you now have 2 endpoint sets as shown. Click on Next . Keep

in mind that there will always be a default Endpoint Set at the bottom of the list that youcannot get delete. Just ignore it.

Note: The down arrow will apply endpoint set configuration changes to thehighlighted endpoint set!! Make sure the last set is selected when adding a newendpoint set!


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7. In the Frame setup screen, leave the default settings. Click on Next .


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NOTE : In the flow tracking window, you have a choice of selecting multiplefields to track on. You will also track on the traffic item along with any othercombination of frame fields or traffic characteristics. Statistical measurementswill be displayed per flow determined by all possible values of the item s selected

and (so far) choices determined by the protocol configuration.

8. Select Source/Destination Value Pair for tracking. This will match up the source IPaddress with the destination IP address for statistical measurements. Tracking is also andalways done on the traffic item itself. Click on Next .


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9. The final window will provide a summary of all configuration parameters chosen. Examineit to confirm you have selected all choices correctly. Click on Finish .

10. The traffic item will build and then you will see its configuration in the grid view. You willsee 3 tabs across the top of the right hand window. These three tabs show different types ofinformation.


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11. The Topology tab shows a graphical representation of what you built. If you click on any ofthe configured fields on the right hand side, it will bring you back into the Advanced TrafficWizard to make changes.

12. Any attempt to edit the traffic item will bring up the Advanced Traffic wizard. This can bedone a few difference ways. One way is to go to the Flow Groups Tab and double click onthe Traffic Item. Another way is to go to the Topology Tab and click on any field on the righthand side.


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13. Now we are going to the Flow Groups Tab. If you click on one of your two flow groups, andclick on the top menu called Configuration, on the ribbon you will see a slider bar that youcan use to adjust the rate. If you cannot see the whole bar, there is an arrow on the far rightthat you can use to scroll over. From here, change the rate on each flow to 40%.

14. We are finished configuring our traffic. We can now validate our settings prior to applyingthem to ensure there are no errors or warnings for all traffic items. At the top of thewindow, you can select Traffic Actions . Make sure you are in the Configuration menu!Select the Validate L2 -3 Traffic option from the drop down .


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15. If everything checks out okay, we can apply the traffic to the Ixia ports and start transmit.To do this, select the All Traffic button in the ribbon of the Home menu. If there is anexclamation point, it means the traffic has not been applied to the port. This button willapply the traffic to the port and start it. However, there is a drop down at the lower part of

this button which allows you to apply the traffic and start sending in 2 separate steps.

16. Note that you can also start and stop the traffic on individual flows by using the Start/Stopbuttons in each row with your flow groups.


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17. If you want to see your statistics, click on the traffic item called Lab 3 in the right side ofthe window. There will be a tab called Traffic Statistics . From here you will be able toselect those traffic views you wish to see. Make sure to check Flow Statistics if it isntalready selected. After you select what you are interested in, those views become tabs you

can click on to see.18. Remember that what you select from this window, a new Tab will appear in the Stat View.

Keep track of these tabs.

19. Examine Flow Statistics table and ensure there is no packet loss! However, while you arein the middle of transmit, there will be some loss while the stats are still being collected.The tracking values are in columns with highlighted headers. If you click on the columnheader, all rows will be sorted in either ascending or descending order on that column.


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20. Select Tx-Rx Frame Rate Statistics (make sure it is enabled) tab to display the graph oftraffic for both ports. From here, you should see the graph for Tx-Rx Frame Rate Statisticsat the bottom of the window. Make sure you have your Flow Groups tab open in the topwindow. From here, click on either of your flow groups and adjust the transmit rate. Note

the change in the Tx-Rx window at the bottom! You should see the graph dynamicallychanging.

21. Stop the traffic by selecting the Stop TX button in the Home menu. Keep track of thesemenus. In time it will become easier to remember where all the buttons are located.


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Analysis

The tables and graphs allow you to start with general traffic statistics aggregated per traffic itemand drill down to more detailed measurements per port and per flow and distinguish between the

data plane and control plane traffic. Flows in the Flow Statistics table are distinguished based perrow on the values of the items being tracked.

In the next lab, we will drill down even further. These results will show up in the User DefinedStatistics table and they will be based on specific preferences.


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Module 4 Advanced Traffic Wizard

OverviewFor complete control over the configuration of traffic streams and flow groups, we have theadvanced traffic wizard. The wizard is also called upon to edit traffic items created by the basicwizard and can be invoked directly from the basic wizard if the need arises.

In this module, we will review the additional features and capabilities of the advanced traffic wizardto create and measure date plane traffic.


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Advanced Traffic WizardIntroduction to IxNetwork

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Differences from basic wizard

Everything in basic traffic wizard is included in advancedtraffic wizard plus: Multiple hosts per network Egress tracking Latency bins

You cannot modify a traffic item using the basic wizard

You can switch to the advanced wizard but cannot returnto the basic wizard to complete traffic configuration

Endpoint sets or individual pairs can be customizedwithin the wizard TOS & TTL can be set for multiple items Packet editor available when single item is selected All endpoint pairs are selected by default

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More frame configuration options More frame size choices Packet burst control


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Endpoints vs Traffic Item

Configurable per endpoint combinations Packet editor (per individual endpoint only) Flow groups Frame size distribution Preamble size Payload contents CRC settings

Common across a traffic item (all endpoints) Egress Tracking (one field only) Ingress Tracking (multiple fields allowed) Latency bins

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Common across all traffic items

Transmission mode per Tx port Interleaved Sequential

Egress Tracking & Latency Bins per Rx Port

Latency Measurement Store & Forward LIFO Cut through FIFO MEF forwarding delay FILO Forwarding delay LILO

Jitter measurement

Interarrival Time

Sequence checking & mode

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Sequence of screens

1. Endpoints

2. Packet (editor) / QOS

3. Flow Group Setup

4. Rate Setup

5. Flow Tracking (ingress & egress & latency)

6. Preview

7. Validate

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Endpoints

Create endpoint sets as in basicwizard plus

Allow self destined traffic (one armedrouting)

Specify a number of hosts pernetwork Address runs up sequentially from .1

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Flow Group Setup

A flow group is a manageable component of a traffic item

Create flow groups per encapsulation endpoint

A flow group is constrained to one Tx port

Flow group can be individually customized

Flow groups have their own traffic control

While traffic is running, Flow groups may allow changes to: Traffic rate

Packet size

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Frame Setup

Different settings can apply to any combination of endpoints

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Rate Setup

Tx Mode must be the SAME for a common Tx port across ALLtraffic items!!!

In interleaved mode, of Tx rates per port 100%

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Flow Tracking

Ingress tracking (into DUT) Defines a flow Multiple predefined fields + 1 custom field allowed for single traffic item Available fields depend on Protocol & Tx port encapsulation Note resource consumption at bottom of screen!!

Egress Tracking (from DUT) Pick a single predefined or custom field in frame Use drill down per Rx port or flow to observe in User Defined Stats

Latency bins Discrete packet count per latency range

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Preview

Select View Flow Groups/Packets to initiate

Will invoke Merge Manager if new flow groups configurationconflicts with original

Provides a list of flow groups in upper screen

Selection of a flow group reveals a (limited) packet preview inlower screen

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Validate Traffic Configuration

Validate traffic configuration for current or all traffic itemsbefore apply

Provides more comprehensive messages regarding Misconfiguration incompatible settings Other possible warnings General information

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Documents

Intro to IxNetwork Feb 2012