Intro to Health Science Chapter 4 Section 3.3
COMMUNICATION Intro to Health Science Chapter 4 Section 3.3 Objectives Identify the components of effective communications
Organize information needed to complete a task Compare communication skills needed indifferent health care professions Definition of Communication
The sharing of a thought, an idea or a feeling. a. involves a purposeful generation and transmission of a message by one person to one or more persons who receive, interpret, and respond according to the intention of the message b. Reading, writing, listening, touching and seeing are all forms of communication Purposes of Communication
to establish andmaintainrelationships to help problem-solve communication is animportant aspectof diagnosing andtreating clients to persuade andchange attitudes orbehaviors develop anunderstanding ofother people Levels of communication
IntrapersonalCommunication a. Occurs within an individual b. Also known as self-talk, inner thought c. Try to replace negative thinking with positive thinking Levels of communication
InterpersonalCommunication a. One to one communication between you and another person b. Used most often in a health care situation Levels of Communication
Small GroupCommunication a. Interaction when a small number of people meet together b. Communication is goal directed and requires an understanding of group dynamics Levels of communication
PublicCommunication a. Interaction with an audience b. Requires special adaptation in eye contact, gestures, voice inflection and use of presentation material Types of communication
Verbal Communication 1. Can be spoken or written 2. Depends on language: a prescribed way of using words so that people share information effectively 3.Reveals persons intellectual development, educational level, and geographic and ethnic origin 4.Helps health care worker assess what the patient knows and feels Non-VerbalCommunication 1. What is not said 2. Often termed body language 3. Helps to understand subtle meanings in what is said verbally 4. Non verbal messages express more of the true meaning than verbal messages Elements of the communication process
sender(encoder) - creatorof the message to conveyinformation or an idea message- theinformation, idea orthoughts channel - route by whichthe message is sent(verbal or nonverbal) receiver(decoder) -individual who receivesand interprets themessage feedback - response thereceiver gives to thesender of the message interference-anythingthat changes themeaning of an intendedmessage Barriers to Communication
THREE COMMON BARRIERS PHYSICAL DISABILITIES PSYCHOLOGICAL ATTITUDES AND PREJUDICE CULTURAL DIVERSITY PHYSICAL DISABILITIES
DEAFNESS OR HEARING LOSS BLINDNESS OR IMPAIRED VISION APHASIA OR SPEECH DISABILITIES Techniques to improve communication with the hearing impaired include using body language such as gestures and signs. Speak clearly andin short sentences. Face the individual to facilitate lip reading. Write messages if necessary. Make sure hearing aids are working properly. PHYSICAL DISABILITIES
DEAFNESS OR HEARING LOSS BLINDNESS OR IMPAIRED VISION APHASIA OR SPEECH DISABILITIES Techniques to improve communication with the visually impaired include using a soft tone of voice. Describe events that are occurring. Announce your presence as you enter a room. Explain sounds or noises. Use touch when appropriate. PHYSICAL DISABILITIES
What about someone with aphasia or speech impairments? They have difficulty remembering the correct words, may not be able to pronounce certain words, and may have slurred speech. They health care worker must be patient. Allow them to try and speak. Encourage them to take their time. Repeat message to assure accuracy. Encourage them to use gestures or point to objects Provide pen and paper if they can write Use pictures with key messages to communicate Communication in healthcare
Health Care Workers 1. Communicate with one another a. to coordinate effective patient care b. share information about what has been done for the patient c. decide what needs to be done d. evaluate the patients response to treatment 2. Communicate with patient a. allows patients human needs to be met b. assists in establishing a trusting, caring relationship c. allows health care worker and patient to work together on a common goal Barriers to Communication
1. heavily medicatedclients may not hear themessage 2. patients with hearing orvisual impairments mayhave difficulty 3. using slang and wordswith double meanings 4. patients with limitedEnglish ability may notreceive the correctmessage 5. terminology used by thehealth care professionalmay not be understood 6. patient is difficult tounderstand due tolanguage barriers and orspeech impairment 7. cultural differencesinclude different beliefsabout the cause of illnessand the type of treatment,eye contact and touch Conveying a positive attitude
Health care professionals mustbe aware of their own bias andattitudes when sending andreceiving both verbal andnonverbal messages to avoidinterfering with quality care Receiver must have trust andbelief in the sender before theyaccept and understand amessage If a patient feels a health careprofessional does not knowwhat they are talking about,they may not accept theinformation or treatment Be willing to say "I don't know,but I will try to find thatinformation for you" when youare asked a question for whichyou do not have knowledge