Upload
others
View
0
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
This packet is intended to
be roughly 80% review
based on your prior
knowledge that you have
gained from previous
science classes. All of this
material is essential to
know so we can move onto
actual Chemistry concepts.
Chemistry will be extremely
difficult if you do not grasp
and memorize the concepts
in this intro packet. These
concepts are intertwined in
more complex ideas and
are used throughout the
entire year!
1. Classification of Matter
Fill in the flowchart below using the vocabulary words that are used when classifying different
2. Place the letters of the mixtures below on either the homogeneous or heterogeneous lines
a. Gelatin dessert b. d. Topping on a pizza e. g. Milk h.
Homogeneous Mixtures____________________ H
3. Classify each of the pictures below by placing the correct label(s) in the blanks below:
PE – Pure Element
PC – Pure Compound
YYeess
Classification of Matter
Fill in the flowchart below using the vocabulary words that are used when classifying different
types of matter.
Place the letters of the mixtures below on either the homogeneous or heterogeneous lines
Tea c. Concrete
Toothpaste f. Creamy peanut butter
Taco i. Chunky peanut butter
Mixtures____________________ Heterogeneous Mixtures _______________________
Classify each of the pictures below by placing the correct label(s) in the blanks below:
Pure Element
Pure Compound
HET – Heterogeneous Mixture
HOM – Homogeneous Mixture
Matter
Can it be separated?
Is the Composition uniform?
Can it be decomposed by ordinary chemical means?
YYeess NNoo
NNoo YYeess
Fill in the flowchart below using the vocabulary words that are used when classifying different
Creamy peanut butter Chunky peanut butter
_______________________
Can it be decomposed by ordinary chemical means?
NNoo
((NNaammee))
__________
((HHoouurr))
Page 1
Initials
4. Identify whether each of the following changes is a physical
change or a chemical change. Write a “P” on the line for a
physical change and a “C” for a chemical change.
a. _______ Water boiling
b. _______ Iron rusting
c. _______ Butter melting
d. _______ Alcohol evaporating
e. _______ Wood rotting
f. _______ Leaves changing color
g. _______ Glass breaking
h. _______ Mowing the lawn
i. _______ Baking bread
6. Indicate whether each of the following is an
___ Length ___ Texture
___ Boiling Point ___ Size
___ Mass ___ Volume
___ Density ___ Freezing Point
7. Indicate whether each of the following is a Ho
___ copper penny ___ bean burrito
___ diamond ___ plastic wrap
___ blood ___ cappuccino
___ apple juice ___ milk
___ baked potato ___ chocolate pudding
___ sponge ___ soda pop
8. Indicate whether each of the following is a
___ grinding coffee beans ___ soda pop losing its fizz
___ freezing water ___ rain turning into hail
___ rubber melting ___ baking a cake
9. Indicate whether each of the following is
___ SO2 ___ S
___ CH4 ___ H
___ O3 ___ Co
10. Indicate whether each of the following is an E
___ warming of soup ___ solid subliming to a
___ frost forming ___ running an engine
Identify whether each of the following changes is a physical
on the line for a
for a chemical change.
5. Convert the following temperature
a. 40 oC → __________K
b. -5 oC → __________K
c. 220 K → __________
d. 498 K → __________
e. 56.8 oC → __________K
f. -61 oC → __________K
g. 350 K → __________
h. 14 oC → __________
i. 78 oF → __________
j. 89.5 oF → __________K
k. 27 oC → __________
l. -12 oF → __________K
m. 4 oC → __________
Indicate whether each of the following is an Extensive or Intensive property.
___ Texture ___ Malleability
___ Size ___ Height
___ Volume ___ Area
___ Freezing Point ___ Conductivity
Indicate whether each of the following is a HoMogeneous or HeTerogeneous mixture
___ bean burrito ___ paint
___ plastic wrap ___ sea water
___ cappuccino ___ orange juice
___ milk ___ silverware
___ chocolate pudding ___ key lime pie
___ soda pop ___ chunky peanut butter
Indicate whether each of the following is a Physical or Chemical reaction.
___ soda pop losing its fizz ___ frying an egg
___ rain turning into hail ___ firework exploding
___ baking a cake ___ digesting spaghetti
Indicate whether each of the following is an Element or a Compound.
___ S8 ___ C60
___ H2O ___ C6H12O6
___ Co ___ NaCl
Indicate whether each of the following is an EXothermic or ENdothermic change
___ solid subliming to a gas ___ ice melting in March
___ running an engine ___ evaporating perspiration
Convert the following temperatures
__________K
__________K
__________ oC
__________ oC
__________K
__________K
__________ oC
__________ oF
__________ oC
__________K
__________ oF
__________K
__________ oF
___ chunky peanut butter
___ firework exploding
___ digesting spaghetti
___ ice melting in March
___ evaporating perspiration
Page 2
Initials
11. Measurements
12. Metric Conversions
a. 7.65 mm = __________________m
b. 0.34 km = _________________cm
c. 1.2 L = __________________mL
d. 7.8 pm = __________________nm
e. 9.73 ks = __________________ µs
f. 564 ML = _____________________L
g. 65 ms = _____________________ ds
h. 4.14 pg = ___________________ µg
i. 145 ms = ____________________ ps
j. 1 kg = ______________________ g
k. 4.89 µL = ___________________ dL
l. 235.9 ks = ___________________ cs
m. 12.1 s = _____________________ ms
n. 5,870 m = ___________________ Mm
o. 0.00089 ng = _________________ Gg
p. 64.7 cm = ___________________ pm
q. 500,400 kg = _________________ µg
r. 320 MJ = ____________________ kJ
s. 12.3 Pa = ____________________ kPa
t. 400,890 mL = ________________ ML
u. 58.4 g = _____________________ mg
v. 2.67 ks = ____________________ ps
w. 945 GL = ____________________ cL
x. 4.1 kJ = _____________________ J
y. 7.4 g = ______________________ dg
z. 1.8 µs = ______________________ ms
0
Page 3
Initials
13. Significant figures and Scientific Notation
# # of
Sig Figs Scientific Notation #
# of
Sig Figs Scientific Notation
a. 3400 s b. 3.40000067 s
c. 0.0789 m d. 9.0797430030 L
e. 50067 m f. 45290300 m
g. 0.0000023 m h. 4500.00 g
i. 1.2000 s j. 0.00000000340 g
k. 10 L l. 0.02102 m
m. 100 g n. 890000. Pa
o. 100. L p. 9.000000 x 1011 m
q. 100.0 s r. 1.0 x 103 L
s. 100.00 g t. 3.9560 x 10-5 s
u. 0.0900000 m v. 3.412 x 10-4 Pa
w. 34.0 g x. 4.755 x 108 g
y. 6000006 m z. 5.60 x 10-6 L
14. Accuracy vs. Precision
Four lab groups performed the same experiment three times to determine the melting point of naphthalene (moth balls). The
accepted melting point is 79.0°C. Indicate whether the following sets of data are precise, accurate, both or neither.
(Hint: Taking an average of the data will help you determine if you were accurate or not!)
Precise, Accurate, Both or Neither Group Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3
a) 1 76.2 oC 79.5
oC 81.3
oC
b) 2 76.2 oC 76.1
oC 76.3
oC
c) 3 86.4 oC 82.8
oC 81.2
oC
d) 4 79.1 oC 78.9
oC 79.2
oC
15. Percent Error
a. John uses his thermometer and finds the boiling point of ethyl alcohol to be
75.5oC. He looks in a reference book and discovers that the actual boiling
point of ethyl alcohol is 78.3oC. What is the percent error?
b. Barry Um receives a laboratory report back with a “+2.77% error” written on it. He had found the mass
of an object to be 100.30 grams. What is the actual mass of the object?
c. The density of water at 4oC is known to be 1.00 g/cm3. Kim experimentally found the density of water
to be 1.085 g/cm3. What is her percent error?
Page 4
Initials
d. After lab, all of Henry’s friends looked at his data and laughed and laughed! They finally told him that he
was 31.2% too low in the boiling point
is the correct boiling point of his liquid?
16. Sig Figs & Math
From the equations below, provide the calculator answer and then the appropriate sig fig answer
a. 6.25 * 4.75
b. 12.257 * 1.162 * 0.00254
c. 52.4 * 78.4 * 1200
d. 12000/56.2
e. 2.1/0.02565
f. 3.95 + 2.879 + 213.6
g. 1500 + 45.21 + 6.2
h. 15600 – 54 – 565
i. 25620 - 25.50 - 4.65
j. 25 + 1.50 + 50
17. Dimension Analysis (Converting)
Using T-Charts, convert the following. Make sure to include all
a. How many dozen are there if you have 540 bagels?
c. How many bagels do you have if you have 18,000 dozen
bagels?
e. How many seconds are there in 24,570 minutes?
g. How many cups are in 28,796 tablespoons?
Page 5
Initials
After lab, all of Henry’s friends looked at his data and laughed and laughed! They finally told him that he
was 31.2% too low in the boiling point he had recorded. He had recorded 50oC on his data sheet. What
is the correct boiling point of his liquid?
From the equations below, provide the calculator answer and then the appropriate sig fig answer
Multiplication/Division
Calculator Answer Significant Figure Answer
Addition/Subtraction
Calculator Answer Significant Figure Answer
Charts, convert the following. Make sure to include all values AND UNITS
How many dozen are there if you have 540 bagels? b. How many tablespoons are in 25 cups?
How many bagels do you have if you have 18,000 dozen d. How many reams of paper are there if you have 3,250
pieces of paper?
seconds are there in 24,570 minutes? f. How many mL are there in 348 cups?
How many cups are in 28,796 tablespoons? h. How many cups are there in 430 mL?
After lab, all of Henry’s friends looked at his data and laughed and laughed! They finally told him that he
C on his data sheet. What
From the equations below, provide the calculator answer and then the appropriate sig fig answer
Significant Figure Answer
Significant Figure Answer
How many tablespoons are in 25 cups?
How many reams of paper are there if you have 3,250
How many mL are there in 348 cups?
How many cups are there in 430 mL?
Useful Conversions
1 ream = 500
1 Cup = 16 Tbl
1 Cup = 240 mL
1 mile = 5280 ft
i. How many hours are there in 560 minutes?
k. How many feet are there in a marathon that is 26.2 miles
long?
m. How many tablespoons are there in 3,490 mL?
You must use the formal method of dimensional analysis as taught in this class in order to get credit for these
solutions.
n. Every three times I clean my bedroom; my mother makes me an apple pie. I cleaned my bedroom 9 times. How many
apple pies does she owe me? (What? Your mother doesn't reward you for cleaning your bedroom? To make up for that
in justice, I made this problem easy.)
o. A chemistry teacher working at a golf camp during the summer found a liquid, which when she drank it, caused her to
slice ball after ball into the water. She thought that this was an important liquid to identify so she set out to determine
its density. She found that a sample of the liquid had a mass equal to 455 golf balls and occupied a volume of 620 water
cups that she obtained at the 7th
hole. Each golf ball massed 50 g and the water cups at the 7
held 45 mL each. What is the density of the unknown liquid? (D = g/mL)
p. A Pulaski High School senior was applying to college and wondered how ma
counselor explained that with the excellent grade he received in chemistry he would probably be accepted to one
school out of every three to which he applied. [
application he would have to write 3 essays, [
essay = 2 hours]. Of course writing essays is no simple matter. For each hour of serious essay writing, he would need to
expend 500 calories [1 hour = 500 calories
How many times would he have to clean his room in order to gain acceptance to 10 colleges? Hopefully you didn't skip
problem No 1. I'll help you get started.... 10 acceptances is the “given”.
q. Because you never learned dimensional analysis, you have been working at a fast food restaurant for the past 35 years
wrapping hamburgers. Each hour you wrap 184 hamburgers. You work 8 hours per day. You work 5 days a week.
get paid every 2 weeks with a salary of $840.34. How many hamburgers will you have to wrap to make your first one
million dollars
How many hours are there in 560 minutes? j. How many pieces of paper are there in 5,250 reams?
feet are there in a marathon that is 26.2 miles l. How many seconds are there in the month of May?
How many tablespoons are there in 3,490 mL?
You must use the formal method of dimensional analysis as taught in this class in order to get credit for these
Every three times I clean my bedroom; my mother makes me an apple pie. I cleaned my bedroom 9 times. How many
owe me? (What? Your mother doesn't reward you for cleaning your bedroom? To make up for that
justice, I made this problem easy.)
A chemistry teacher working at a golf camp during the summer found a liquid, which when she drank it, caused her to
ice ball after ball into the water. She thought that this was an important liquid to identify so she set out to determine
its density. She found that a sample of the liquid had a mass equal to 455 golf balls and occupied a volume of 620 water
hole. Each golf ball massed 50 g and the water cups at the 7
held 45 mL each. What is the density of the unknown liquid? (D = g/mL)
A Pulaski High School senior was applying to college and wondered how many applications he needed to send. His
counselor explained that with the excellent grade he received in chemistry he would probably be accepted to one
school out of every three to which he applied. [3 applications = 1 acceptance] He immediately realized th
application he would have to write 3 essays, [1 application = 3 essays] and each essay would require 2 hours work
]. Of course writing essays is no simple matter. For each hour of serious essay writing, he would need to
1 hour = 500 calories] which he could derive from his mother's apple pies [1 pie = 1000 calories].
How many times would he have to clean his room in order to gain acceptance to 10 colleges? Hopefully you didn't skip
you get started.... 10 acceptances is the “given”.
Because you never learned dimensional analysis, you have been working at a fast food restaurant for the past 35 years
wrapping hamburgers. Each hour you wrap 184 hamburgers. You work 8 hours per day. You work 5 days a week.
a salary of $840.34. How many hamburgers will you have to wrap to make your first one
How many pieces of paper are there in 5,250 reams?
How many seconds are there in the month of May?
You must use the formal method of dimensional analysis as taught in this class in order to get credit for these
Every three times I clean my bedroom; my mother makes me an apple pie. I cleaned my bedroom 9 times. How many
owe me? (What? Your mother doesn't reward you for cleaning your bedroom? To make up for that
A chemistry teacher working at a golf camp during the summer found a liquid, which when she drank it, caused her to
ice ball after ball into the water. She thought that this was an important liquid to identify so she set out to determine
its density. She found that a sample of the liquid had a mass equal to 455 golf balls and occupied a volume of 620 water
hole. Each golf ball massed 50 g and the water cups at the 7th
hole of the golf course
ny applications he needed to send. His
counselor explained that with the excellent grade he received in chemistry he would probably be accepted to one
] He immediately realized that for each
] and each essay would require 2 hours work [1
]. Of course writing essays is no simple matter. For each hour of serious essay writing, he would need to
] which he could derive from his mother's apple pies [1 pie = 1000 calories].
How many times would he have to clean his room in order to gain acceptance to 10 colleges? Hopefully you didn't skip
Because you never learned dimensional analysis, you have been working at a fast food restaurant for the past 35 years
wrapping hamburgers. Each hour you wrap 184 hamburgers. You work 8 hours per day. You work 5 days a week. You
a salary of $840.34. How many hamburgers will you have to wrap to make your first one
Page 6
Initials