Intro Manometer

7/28/2019 Intro Manometer

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PRESSURE

Pressure (the symbol: P) is the force per unit

area applied in a direction perpendicular to

the surface of an object.

Gauge pressure is the pressure relative to the

local atmospheric or ambient pressure.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Force_(physics)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Areahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perpendicularhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pressure_measurementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pressure_measurementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perpendicularhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Areahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Force_(physics)


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PRESSURE MEASUREMENT

The measurement and control of fluid pressure isimportant in process industries.

Many techniques have been developed for the

measurement of pressure. A pressure sensor measures pressure, typically of

gases or liquids

A pressure sensor usually acts as a transducer; itgenerates a signal as a functionof the pressureimposed. For the purposes of this article, such asignal is electrical.


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Pressure sensors are used for control and

monitoring in thousands of everyday

applications.

Pressure sensors can also be used to indirectly

measure other variables such as fluid/gas flow,

speed, water level, and altitude


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PRESSURE MEASUREMENT

EQUIPMENT

THE 3 MAIN METHODS OF MEASURING ARE

1. LIQUID COLUMN METHODS

Manometer

2. ELASTIC ELEMENT METHODS

Bourdon tubes

Bellows

Diaphragm

3. ELECTRICAL METHODS

Strain gauges

Piezoelectircal tranducersPiezoresistive transducers


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MANOMETER

A Manometer is a device which can be used to measurepressure of fluids(i.e liquids and Gases).

PRINCIPLE: Manometers are those pressure measuringdevices which are based on the principle of balancing the

column of liquid(whose pressure is to be found) by thesame or another column of liquid. They are of two types

1. simple manometers

2.Differential manometers

simple manometers are those which measure pressure at a

point in a fluid containing in the pipe or a vessel. On theother hand Differential manometers measure thedifference of pressure between any two points in a fluidcontained in a pipe or vessel.


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APPLICATIONS OF MANOMETER

Pressure guages are used for a variety of

industrial and application specific pressure

monitering applications. visual monitering of

air and gas pressure for compressors,Vaccum

equipment and speciality tank applications

such as medical gas cylinders, fire extin


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Liquid column gauges consist of a vertical column of liquid in a tubewhose ends are exposed to different pressures. The column will riseor fall until its weight is in equilibrium with the pressure differentialbetween the two ends of the tube. A very simple version is a U-shaped tube half-full of liquid, one side of which is connected to the

region of interest while the reference pressure (which might be theatmospheric pressure or a vacuum) is applied to the other. Thedifference in liquid level represents the applied pressure. Thepressure exerted by a column of fluid of height h and density isgiven by the hydrostatic pressure equation, P = hg. Therefore thepressure difference between the applied pressure P

aand the

reference pressureP

0 in a U-tube manometer can be found bysolving Pa P0 = hg. In other words, the pressure on either end of

the liquid (shown in blue in the figure to the right) must bebalanced (since the liquid is static) and so P

a= P0 + hg.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmospheric_pressurehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Referencehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmospheric_pressurehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmospheric_pressurehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reference


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Intro Manometer