Upload
shimaa-salah
View
4
Download
0
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
PPTChap001
Citation preview
Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
Chap
ter
Information Technology, the Internet, and You
1
Com
putin
g Es
senti
als
2015
1-3
Learning Objectives
• Explain the parts of an information system: people, procedures, software, hardware, data, and the Internet.• Distinguish between system software and application software.• Differentiate between the kinds of system software programs.• Define and compare general purpose, specialized, and mobile applications. • Identify the four types of computers and the four types of personal computers.• Describe the different types of computer hardware, including the system unit, input,
output, storage, and communication devices.• Define data and describe document, worksheet, database, and presentation files. • Explain computer connectivity, the wireless revolution, the Internet, and cloud
computing.
Com
putin
g Es
senti
als
2015
1-4
Introduction
•Personal computers are common tools in all areas of life. •New forms of learning have developed.•College course does not have to be a quarter or
semester any longer.
•Computers offer many new ways to communicate.
Com
putin
g Es
senti
als
2015
1-5
Parts of an Information System
• People• Procedures• Software
• Hardware• Data• The Internet
Com
putin
g Es
senti
als
2015
1-6
People
• Most important part of any system• Contact is• Direct• Indirect
• Computer uses• Entertainment• Business • Medicine• Education
Com
putin
g Es
senti
als
2015
1-7
Software
There are two major kinds of software: • System Software• Application Software
The purpose of software is to convert data into information.
Com
putin
g Es
senti
als
2015
1-8
System Software
• Enables application software to interact with the computer hardware• Background software helps manage resources• Collection of programs• Operating Systems• Utilities• Device Drivers
Com
putin
g Es
senti
als
2015
1-9
System Software cont.
• Operating System • Coordinates computer resources• Provides the user interface• Runs applications
Return
Com
putin
g Es
senti
als
2015
1-10
System Software cont.
• Utilities• Perform specific tasks related to managing computer
resources• Antivirus Program
• Device Drivers• Programs designed to allow input or output devices
to communicate with the computer
Com
putin
g Es
senti
als
2015
1-11
Application Software
• End-user software• Three types• General-Purpose applications• Specialized applications• Mobile apps
Com
putin
g Es
senti
als
2015
1-12
Hardware – Types of Computers
SupercomputersMainframe computersMidrange computersPersonal computers
Com
putin
g Es
senti
als
2015
1-13
Personal Computer Types
• Desktop• Laptop (Notebook)
• Tablet PC• Handheld
Com
putin
g Es
senti
als
2015
1-14
Personal Computer Hardware
• Four basic categories of equipment• System Unit• Input/Output• Secondary Storage• Communications
Com
putin
g Es
senti
als
2015
1-15
System Unit
• Two important components• Microprocessor• Memory• Holds data currently
being processed• Holds the processed information before
it is output• Temporary storage, contents are lost when
power is off
Return
Com
putin
g Es
senti
als
2015
1-16
Input• Keyboard• Mouse
Output• Printer• Monitor
Input/Output Devices
Return
Com
putin
g Es
senti
als
2015
1-17
Secondary Storage
• Holds data and programs even if power is off• Hard disk• Solid-state storage• No moving parts• More reliable• Requires less power
• Optical disc• Laser technology• Great capacity• CDs, DVDs, Blu-ray Return
Com
putin
g Es
senti
als
2015
1-18
Communications
•Communication devices, such as modems, provide personal computers with the ability to communicate with other computer systems•Modems modify audio, video and other types of data
into a form that can be transmitted across the Internet
Com
putin
g Es
senti
als
2015
1-19
Data
•Raw, unprocessed facts• Processed data becomes
information•Digital data is stored
electronically in files
•Document files•Worksheet files•Database files• Presentation files
Com
putin
g Es
senti
als
2015
1-20
Document Files
• Created by word processors • Term papers• Memos• Letters
Return
Com
putin
g Es
senti
als
2015
1-21
Worksheet Files
• Created by electronic spreadsheets to analyze things like budgets and to predict sales
Return
Com
putin
g Es
senti
als
2015
1-22
Database Files
• Typically created by database management programs to contain highly structured and organized data
Return
Com
putin
g Es
senti
als
2015
1-23
Presentation Files
• Created by presentation graphics programs to prepare presentation materials.
Com
putin
g Es
senti
als
2015
1-24
Connectivity and the Mobile Internet
• Connectivity• Sharing of information • Mobile/Wireless devices• Cloud computing and the Wireless Revolution
• Computer networks• Connected communication system of computers• Largest network is the Internet
• Cloud Computing• Uses the Internet and the Web to shift many computer
activities from a user’s computer to computers on the Internet
Com
putin
g Es
senti
als
2015
1-25
Careers in IT
• For a complete listing of careers, visit http://www.mhhe.com/ce2015/ • Select Student Edition and then Careers
Career Description
Webmaster Develops and maintains websites and web resources. See page 52
Software Engineer Analyzes users’ needs and creates application software. See page 81
Computer Support Specialist Provides technical support to customers and other users. See page 105
Computer Technician Repairs and install computer components and systems. See page 132
Technical Writer Prepares instruction manuals, technical reports, and other scientific or technical documents. See page 159
Network Administrator Creates and maintains computer networks. See page 213
Com
putin
g Es
senti
als
2015
1-26
A Look to the Future
Using and Understanding Information Technology• The Internet and the Web• Powerful Software• Powerful Hardware• Security, Privacy and Ethics• Organizations• Changing Times
Com
putin
g Es
senti
als
2015
1-27
Open-Ended Questions (Page 1 of 2)
• Explain the parts of an information system. What part do people play in this system?
• What is system software? What kinds of programs are included in system software?
• Define and compare general-purpose applications, specialized, applications and apps. Describe some different types of general-purpose applications. Describe some types of specialized applications.
Com
putin
g Es
senti
als
2015
1-28
Open-Ended Questions (Page 2 of 2)
• Describe the different types of computers. What is the most common type? What are the types of personal computers?
• What is connectivity? What are wireless devices and the wireless revolution? What is a computer network? What are the Internet and the Web? What is cloud computing?