Target Interview : Lets know more about our self by Think bigger Team

https://www.facebook.com/groups/557126864421409/ Interview Preparation Complete Package

By Vivaan Sharma (Vibhor Sharma)

INTERVIEW PREPARATION PART1

1)Jan Dhan Yojana

2) Make In India

3) Adarsh Gram Yajana

4) Clean India (Swachh Bharat)

5) Nobel Prize (kailash Satyarthi)

6) Black Money

7) Modis visit to other countries (Bhutan, Nepal, Japan, America, ASIAN, G20) 8) New Cabinet Ministers(their names)

9) Smart Cities

10) Mangalyaan (MOM)

Topic 1. (PMJDY) 11.5

, , , , 29 7.5 15 2015 26 2015 15 | Those who open accounts by January 20, 2015 over and above the 1 lakh accident, they will be

given life insurance cover of Rs 30,000.

After Six months of opening of the bank account, holders can avail 5,000 loan from the bank.

/ 50 1lakh 10000 ,

-Topic 2. Make In India

Purpose- 1. Job Creation and economic development and to give the Indian economy global

recognition. 2.To turn the country into a Manufacturing Hub

To attract businesses from around the world to invest and manufacture in India

8 members expert panel set up jointly by Department of Industrial Policy & Promotion and FICCI.

Invites to be sent to 30000 top firms

Portal www.makeinindia.com created for companies seek policy clearification within 72 hours.

The portal will track visitors for their geographical location, interest & real time user behavior. Digital

India Campaign(online application for industrial license) to give push to manufacturing

To provide flexibility in working hours, labour laws amended.

25 identified sectors including Automobile,Infrastructure, Pharma, Food processing,IT, Defence,

Entertainment, Railways, Electronic Systems, Roads and Highways, Chemical.

10% capital subsidiary for production of equipment for controlling pollution, reducing energy

consumption, water conservation.

Topic 3 Sansad Adarsh Gram yojna

PM Narendra Modi launched Sansad Adarsh Gram yojna on the birth anniversary of Jaiprakash

Narain (JP).

The vision of our Hon'ble Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi is If we have to build the nation we

have to start from the villages"

Scheme is based on Mahatma Gandhis vision of transferring Swaraj (good governance)

Under this scheme, each Member of Parliament needs to choose one village each from the

constituency that they represent, fix parameters and make it a model village by 2016.

Model Village (Development of physical and institutional infrastructure, social development, cultural

development and spread motivation among the people on social mobilization of the village).

Villages will be offered smart schools, universal access to basic health facilities and Pucca housing

to homeless villagers.

MPs=793 (Loksabha =543, Rajya sabha=250).Each MP will adopt 3 villages in next 5 years.

2379 model villages will be developed under Sansad Adarsh Gram yojna

Funds from centre, state and MPLAD(Member of Parliament Local Area Development Scheme ) to

be used for their development.

Two national level committees to monitor schemes implementation.

Adopting Villages

Narendra Modi - Jayapur ,Varanasi UP.

Sonia Gandhi -Udwa Rae Bareli UP

Rahul Gandhi - Deeh Amethi UP

Hema Malini - Raval UP

Sachin Tendulkar - Puttamrajuvari Kandriga Andhra Pradesh

In the second phase MPs will develop five more adarsh grams in five years starting from 2019.

Topic 4- Swachh Bharat Abhiyan (Campaign Clean India)

Goal- By 2019 Gandhis 150 birth anniversary. every city, town and village is to be clean, that is,

they will have pucca toilets for all, safe drinking water, waste disposal systems and clean roads and

lanes and is expected to cost over 62000 crore.

The campaign was described as "beyond politics" and "inspired by patriotism"

Swachh Bharat Abhiyan is a national level campaign by the Government of India to clean the

streets, roads and infrastructure of the country.

The abhiyan was launched on the occasion of Mahatma Gandhis 145th birth anniversary on 2

October 2014 at Rajghat, New Delhi.

He also used a broom and shovel to clean the ground of the Valmiki Sadan, a Dalit colony at Mandir

Marg in national capital.

A 'Swachh Bharat Run' was organized at the Rashtrapati Bhavan where around 1500 people

participated and the event was flagged off by President Pranab Mukherjee .

The campaign is India's biggest ever cleanliness drive and 3 million government employees and

schools and colleges students of India participated in this event.

Modi selected 9 notable public figures to propagate this campaign.

They are:1. Anil Ambani 2.Baba Ramdev 3.Kamal Hassan 4.Mridula Sinha 5.Priyanka Chopra

6.Sachin Tendulkar 7.Salman Khan 8.Shashi Tharoor 9.The team of TV series Taarak Mehta Ka

Ooltah Chashmah

Modis clean up act

CII to construction of 10000 toilets through CSR by 2015-16

Vedanta- To built 10000 toilets in addition to 30000 it is already building in a partnership with

rajisthan Govt.

TCS- pledged 100 crore for building sanitation facilities for girl in 10000 schools.

Bharti Foundation pledged 100 crore to built toilets in Ludhiana.

GAIL & L&T- to construct 1021 toilets and 5000 toilets respectively.

Topic 5 - Nobel Prize 2014+ Indian Nobel Prize Laureates(1913-2014)

PEACE

Kailash Satyarthi - for their struggle against the suppression of children and young people

Malala Yousafzay - and for the right of all children to education."

CHEMISTRY

Eric Betzig

William Moerner

Stefan Hell

-for finding ways to make microscopes more powerful that allowing scientists to see how diseases

develop inside the tiniest cells.

PHYSICS

Isamu Akasaki

Hiroshi Amano

Shuji Nakamura

-for the invention of blue light-emitting diodes, which promises to revolutionize the way the world

lights its homes and offices and already helps create the glowing screens of mobile phones,

computers and TVs.

PHYSIOLOGY/MEDICINE

John O'Keefe

May-Britt Moser

Edvard Moser

"for their discoveries of cells that constitute a positioning system in the brain"

LITERATURE

Patrick Modiano

-his lifelong study of the Nazi occupation and its effect on his country.

ECONOMICS

Jean Tirole

"for his analysis of market power and regulation"

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Kailash Satyarthi (Vidisha, Madhya Pradesh) is an Indian children's rights advocate and an activist

against child labour. He founded the Bachpan Bachao Andolan ( Save the Childhood Movement) in

1980 and has acted to protect the rights of more than 83,000 children from 144 countries.

1.Rabindranath Tagore-1913-Literature

2.C. V. Raman-1930-Physics

3.Hargobind Khorana-1968-Medicine

4.Mother Teresa-1979-Peace

5.Subrahmanyan chandershekhar-1983-Physics

6.Amartya Sen-1998-Economic Science

7.Venkatraman Ramakrishnan-2009-Chemistry

8. Kailash Satyarthi-2014-Peace

TOPIC 6: BLACK MONEY

In India, Black money refers to funds earned on the black market, on which income and other taxes

have not been paid. The total amount of black money deposited in foreign banks by Indians is

unknown.

Special Investigative Team (SIT):

The first Cabinet meeting of the Modi government decided to constitute a special investigative team

(SIT) to dig out black money. The SIT will be headed by a retired Supreme Court judge, M B Shah.

The decision on the SIT is in compliance with the Supreme Court directive on black money.

The vice-chairman of the SIT will be another former SC judge, Arijit Pasayat. It will be assisted by

the revenue secretary, directors of CBI, IB, RAW and ED(Enforcement Directorate), the CBDT

chairman and an RBI deputy governor. The government was given a week by the SC to set up an

SIT.

ACTION

Complying with the Supreme Courts order, the government placed before the court the complete list

of 627 Indians who have accounts in HSBC Bank, Geneva. Stating that almost half these names are

under tax probe for allegedly stashing black money abroad, the government said charges have to be

filed by March next year.

As directed by the court, the documents containing names of the account holders, correspondence

with French authorities and the status report of the probe conducted so far in the black money case

were submitted in separate sealed covers by Attorney General Mukul Rohatgi. The court said it

would not make the names public at this juncture.

Black money case: The Centre has filed an affidavit before the Supreme Court in the black money

case, naming three prominent businessmen.

1.Pradip Burman, former Director of Dabur group. Goa-based miner

2.Radha S Timblo and

3.Pankaj Chimanlal Lodhya

TOPIC 7(A): PM Modis five-day tour of Japan.

Here are 10 highlights from his visit.

1.INVESTMENT: Japan has promised to give $35 billion to India through public and private funding

over the next 5 years for developmental projects, including building of smart cities and cleanup of

river Ganges.

2. PACTS: Both sides have signed five pacts covering defence exchanges, cooperation in clean

energy, roads and highways, healthcare and women.

3. SMART CITY : In Kyoto, a pact was signed that Varanasi will be developed on the pattern of

Kyoto 'smart city' with the help of Japan.

4. BULLET TRAIN : Tokyo will help India in providing financial, technical and operational support to

introduce Bullet trains.

5. TOURISM: Prime Minister Modi has asked NRIs to visit India at least once a year to boost

tourism.

6.DECISION-MAKING: India has decided to set up a Special Management Team directly under the

PMO to facilitate proposals from Japan and Japanese companies.

7. Japan has lifted the ban on six Indian entities including Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL)

which was imposed in the aftermath of 1998 nuclear tests.

8. The two sides agreed to enhance their defence and strategic cooperation to a new level and also

decided to speed up negotiations on a civil nuclear deal that could not be concluded now.

9. Both sides have signed a MoU for cooperation in heritage conservation, city modernisation and

cooperation in the fields of art, culture and academics.

10. Both countries have decided to build a strong, deep and strategic relationship under the India-

Japan Cooperation framework.

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TOPIC 7(B)PM Narendra Modi visit Nepal.

This was PM second visit after becoming Prime Minister of India. His first visit to Bhutan.

Mr. Modi is the first Indian PM to Nepal in 17 years. He was welcomed by the guard of honour. He

addressed the Nepalese Parliament.

The main agenda of the visit was to give impetus to negotiations on a power trade between the two

nations.

HIT : He promised to grant Nepal 10,000 crore Nepali rupee concessional line of credit, for its

development. and proposed a "HIT" (H: Highways, I: Iways and T: Transways) formula for the

development of the land-locked country.

POWER SUPPLY: He announced Indias keenness to double power supply to Nepal.

PACT :. India and Nepal ink 3 pact including one on the 5,600 MW Pancheshwar dam on the

Mahakali river bordering both Nepal and India, which was signed in 1996.

OIL SUPPLY: . India and Nepal have agreed to build a pipeline for supply of petroleum products to

the Himalayan nation. ( from Raxual in Bihar to Amlekhganj in Nepal)

SCHOLARSHIP: The scholarships to students from Nepal would be increased.

MEDICINE: India extended help to Nepal to enable it to emerge as a major exporter of herbal

medicines.

TOURISM: India would also help develop the tourism potential of Nepal, both as a spiritual, and

adventure tourism destination.

Mr. Modi extended assistance to Nepal in the fields of organic farming, and soil health.

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TOPIC 7(C): PM visit United States

1)MODI-OBAMA JOINT STATEMENT: Modi and Obama sought to reset ties between India and the

United States as both leaders had an extended discussion in the White House, resolving to broaden

their cooperation in various fields including defence, intelligence, counter-terrorism, Afghanistan,

space exploration and science.

2)JOINT EDITORIAL: Forward together we go - chalein saath saath, that's the message sent out by

Modi and Obama in their joint editorial for Washington Post.

3)MADISON SQUARE GARDEN PINTCH: 3D Mantra (Demographic dividend, Democracy and

Demand for goods and services), skill development, talent pool and India's bright economic

prospects - these formed Modi's pitch to the Indian American community at the Madison Square

Garden.

4)MODI AT UN GENERAL ASSEMBLY: Touching upon a wide range of subjects Pakistan,

Terrorism, Need for ONE platform, Trade and economy, Advocating Yoga.

5)LIFETIME VISAS FOR PIOs: Modi promised that that Persons of Indian Origin (PIO) cardholders

will get lifetime Indian visa and that American tourists will be given visa on arrival.

6)BREAKFAST WITH CEOs: Modi pitched India to some of the largest global investors and

financiers, asking them to look afresh at the country and urging them to shed any fears that they

might have developed about investing in the country in recent years.

7)REACHING OUT TO OBAMA AND AMERICANS : Keeping in mind the two people Obama

admired most, Modi personally chose gifts for him which included a 'Gita by Gandhi' in Khadi cover

and audio-video clips from the 1959 India visit of Martin Luther King.

8)MODI'S OP-ED IN WSJ: "The US is our natural global partner. India and the US embody the

enduring and universal relevance of their shared values," Modi wrote in an op-ed in the The Wall

Street Journal.

TOPIC 8: Cabinet Ministers of India 2014

1 Narendra Modi: Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions; Department of Atomic Energy

Department of Space; All important policy issues and all other portfolios not allocated to any Minister

2 Rajnath Singh: Home Affairs

3 Sushma Swaraj: External Affairs, Overseas Indian Affairs

4 Arun Jaitley: Finance, Corporate Affairs, Information & Broadcasting

5 M. Venkaiah Naidu: Urban Development, Housing and Urban Poverty Alleviation, Parliamentary

Affairs

6 Nitin Jairam Gadkari: Road Transport and Highways, Shipping

7 Manohar Parrikar: Defence

8 Suresh Prabhu:Railways

9 D.V. Sadananda Gowda: Law & Justice

10 Uma Bharati: Water Resources, River Development and Ganga Rejuvenation

11 Dr. Najma A. Heptulla: Minority Affairs

12 Ramvilas Paswan: Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution

13 Kalraj Mishra: Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises

14 Maneka Sanjay Gandhi: Women and Child Development

15 Ananth kumar: Chemicals and Fertilizers

16 Ravi Shankar Prasad: Communications and Information Technology

17 Jagat Prakash Nadda: Health & Family Welfare

18 Ashok Gajapathi Raju Pusapati: Civil Aviation

19 Anant Geete: Heavy Industries and Public Enterprises

20 Harsimrat Kaur Badal: Food Processing Industries

21 Narendra Singh Tomar: Mines, Steel

22 Chaudhary Birender Singh: Rural Development, Panchayati Raj, Drinking Water and Sanitation

23 Jual Oram:Tribal Affairs

24 Radha Mohan Singh: Agriculture

25 Thaawar Chand Gehlot: Social Justice and Empowerment

26 Smriti Zubin Irani: Human Resource Development

27 Dr. Harsh Vardhan: Science and Technology, Earth Sciences

TOPIC 9: SMART CITIES

Smart Cities are urban settlement that exploit Technology to offer more structured and hospitable

living conditions for residents.

The Narendra Modi Government plans to build 100 smart cities across India and made an allocation

of 7060 Crore to this end in budget 2014-2015.

GOVERNANCE: Online Public Services

INFRASTRUCTURE: Broader Internet, WiFi Reach, Strong Public Transport, 24*7 municipal

services.

REAL TIME TRANSPORT DISPLAYS: It can provide visibility and information on availability of

public transport as well as the condition of traffic on routes.

CENTRALIZED CONTROL SYSTEM: such cities have a system which provides real time inputs on

availability of water, electricity and public transport, healthcare and education.

ENERGY: There is emphasis on the use of renewable sources of Energy.

PARKING : Digital parking meters send information to mobile phones when a space opens up.

DMIC SMART CITIES: Seven Smart Cities are being developed by States and Foreign assistance

as part of the DELHI- MUMBAI Industrial Corridore(DMIC).

NOTE:

Singapore to help India in 100 smart cities project

US to help in developing smart cities Allahabad (UP), Ajmer (Rajasthan), Vishakhapatnam

(Andhra P.)

India, Japan sign MoU to develop Varanasi into smart city.

TOPIC 10: Mangalyaan / Mars Orbiter Mission (MOM)

India's Mars mission successful on 1st attempt (400 million-km long journey to Mars).

The first Asian country and the fourth(after Russia, USA, European) in the world to undertake a

mission to the red planet.

Dr. K. Radhakrishnan ISRO Chairman

Mylswamy Annadurai is the Director of Mars Mission.

India's MOM is the cheapest inter-planetary mission, costing of Rs 450 Crore ($671 million) entered

the Martian orbit on 24 September 2014.

India becomes the first country in the world to insert a spacecraft into the Martian orbit in its very first

attempt.

The first Chinese mission to Mars, called Yinghuo-1, failed in 2011.

The mission successfully completed its 100 days in space on February 12, 2014.

According to NASA, Out of the 51 missions to the red planet by different countries, only 21 went

successful till now.

INTERVIEW PREPARATION PART2- by Vibhor Sharma (Vivaan)

1.Heads of National and International Organizations

2.SPORTS

3.SUMMIT(BRICS, SAARC, ASEAN, G20)

4. ISIS

5. GLOBAL WARNING

6.TOPICS (1)EBOLA (2)HUDHUD (3) STATUE OF UNITY (4) TELANGANA

7. DIGITAL INDIA

8. New Appointments in India & Foreign

9. Books & Authors

10. FDI

TOPIC 1(A) HEADS OF INDIAN ORGANIZATIONS

1.Pranab Mukherjee -President

2.Hamid Ansari -Vice President

3.Chief Justice of India -H. L. Dattu

4.Speaker of the Lok Sabha -Sumitra Mahajan

5.Chief Election Commissioner-H. S. Brahma

6.Chairman, ISRO -K. Radhakrishnan

7.Chairman, UPSC -Rajni Razdan

8.Governor of RBI -Raghuram Rajan

9.Chairman, SEBI -Upendra Kumar Sinha

10.Attorney General -Mukul Rohatgi

11.Solicitor General -Ranjit Kumar

12.Foreign Secretary -Subrahmanyam Jaishankar

13.Chief of Army Staff -Dalbir Singh Suhag

14.Chief of Air Staff -Air Chief Marshal Arup Raha

15.Chief of Naval Staff -Robin K Dhowan

16.CAG -Shashikant Sharma

17Chairperson CBDT -Anita Kapur (former K.V. Chowdary)

18. Chairman, 14th Finance Commission- Y.Venugopal Reddy

19. Chairperson, National Human Rights Commission- Justice K. G. Balakrishnan

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TOPIC 1(B) HEADS OF INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS

1.UN General Secretary-Ban Ki Moon

2.India's permanent Representative UNO - Ashok Kumar Mukherjee

3.World Health Organization (WHO) Director-General - Margaret Chan, China

4.UNDP Administrator Helen Clarke

5.Asian Development Bank President - Takehiko Nakao, Japan

6.International Monetary Fund(IMF) Managing Director - Christine Lagarde, France

7.ASEAN Secretary-General - Le Luong Minh, Vietnam

8.SAARC Secretary-General Arjun Bahadur Thapa

9.United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) Executive Director - Anthony Lake, United States

10.International Labour Organization(ILO) Director-General - Guy Ryder

11.World Trade Organization (WTO) Director-General - Roberto Azevdo,

12.World Bank President - Jim Yong Kim, Korea

13.UNESCO, Director-General - Irina Bakova

14.NATO, Secretary-General - Jens Stoltenberg

15.Commonwealth, Chairperson -Kamlesh Sharma

16. INTERPOL President- Mirile balestrazi

17. NASA Chairperson- Charles F. Bolden

18. NAM(Non Alignment Movement) -Raul Castro

19. European Union, Chairperson- Herman Van Rampui

TOPIC 2(A) SPORTS- FOOTBALL(FIFA & ISL)

2014 FIFA (Football) World Cup: Host country: Brazil(32 teams)

Germany defeat Argentina by 1-0 to lift 2014 FIFA World Cup title.

1. Golden Ball Award: Lionel Messi was declared as the Player of the tournament and awarded

Golden Ball.

2. Golden Boot Award: James Rodriguez of Colombia wins the Golden Boot award for finishing top

scorer at the 2014 World Cup in Brazil. He scores 6 goals in the tournament.

3. Golden Glove Award: Manuel Neuer (Germany) wins Golden Glove at 2014 World Cup.

Hat-Rick Goal: Thomas Muller (Germany) score first hattrick and Xherdan Shaqiri (Switzerland)

claim second hattrick of the tournament.

Note: i. Mario Gtze kicks in second half of extra time to help Germany to win the final by 1-0 against

Argentina.

FIFA World Cup venue

1.2018 : Russia 2.2022: Qatar

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Indian Super League - The Indian Super League, officially known as the Hero Indian Super League

for sponsorship reasons, is a professional football league in India.

It is co-promoted by IMG-Reliance (the joint venture between IMG and Reliance Industries) Star

Indiaand supported by All India Football Federation (AIFF)

Chairperson Nita Ambani

Total - 8 Teams

Teams Famous Co - Owner

1. ATLTICO DE KOLKATA Sourav Ganguly

2. CHENNAIYIN FC - MS Dhoni, Abhishek Bacchan

3. DELHI DYNAMOS FC- DEN Networks

4. FC GOA - Virat Kohli

5. FC PUNE CITY - Hrithik Roshan

6. KERALA BLASTERS FC - Sachin Tendulkar

7. MUMBAI CITY FC - Ranbir Kapoor

8. NORTHEAST UNITED FC - John Abraham

TOPIC 2(B) SPORTS- ASIAN GAMES 2014

17th ASIAN GAMES 2014 Incheon (South Korea):

Sardar Singh, captain of the mens hockey team is the Indian contingents flag bearer at 17th Asian

Games

India- 8th position with 57 medals(11 gold, 10 silver and 36 bronze).

1. China 2. South Korea 3. Japan

Here's the list of India's Gold medal winners:

1. ARCHERY (1 Gold)1. Rajat Chauhan, Sandeep Kumar and Abhishek Verma in Compound Men's

Team

2. ATHLETICS (2 Gold) 1. Priyanka Pawar, Tintu Luka, Mandeep Kaur and Poovamma Machettira in

women's 4x400m Relay. 2. Seema Punia in Women's Discus Throw

3. BOXING (1 Gold) MC Mary Kom in Women's Fly (48-51kg)

4. HOCKEY (1 Gold) Gold: Men's Team Bronze: Women's Team

5. KABADDI (2 Gold) Men's Team, Women's Team

6. SHOOTING (1 Gold) Jitu Rai in Men's 50m Pistol

7. SQUASH (1 Gold) Saurav Ghosala, Harinder Pal Singh Sandhu, Mahesh Mangaonkar, Kush

Kumar

8. TENNIS (1 Gold) Sania Mirza and Saketh Myneni in Mixed Doubles

9. WRESTLING (1 Gold) Yogeshwar Dutt in Men's Freestyle 65kg

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TOPIC 2(C) SPORTS- CWG 2014 & Pro Kabaddi League

The 2014 Commonwealth Games (officially the XX Commonwealth Games) were held in Glasgow,

Scotland, from 23 July to 3 August 2014 (71 Nations).

India- 5th position with 64 medals(15 gold, 30 silver and 19 bronze).

1. England 2.Australia 3.Canada 4.Scottland 5.India

Here's the list of India's Gold medal winners:

1.Sanjita Khumukchan-Weightlifting Women's Weightlifting (48 kg)

2.Sukhen Dey-Weightlifting Men's Weightlifting (56 kg)

3.Abhinav Bindra-Shooting Men's Shooting

4.Apurvi Chandela-Shooting Women's Shooting

5.Rahi Sarnobat-Shooting Women's Shooting (25 metre pistol)

6.Sathish Sivalingam-Weightlifting Men's Weightlifting (77 kg)

7.Jitu Rai Shooting-Men's Shooting (50 metre pistol)

8.Amit Kumar-Wrestling Men's Wrestling (57 kg)

9.Vinesh Phogat-Wrestling Women's Wrestling (48 kg)

10.Sushil Kumar-Wrestling Men's Wrestling (74 kg)

11.Babita Kumari-Wrestling Women's Wrestling (55 kg)

12.Yogeshwar Dutt-Wrestling Men's Wrestling (65 kg)

13.Vikas Gowda-Athletics Men's Discus Throw

14. Dipika Pallikal,Joshna Chinappa-Squash Women's Doubles

15.Kashyap Parupalli-Badminton Men's Singles

Pro Kabaddi League: The Pro Kabaddi League (PKL) is a professional kabaddi league in India,

based on the format of the Indian Premier League.

Owner Mashal Sports Director Charu Sharma No. of Teams 8

Winner - Jaipur Pink Panthers (Abhishek Bachchan) defeated U Mumba

TOPIC 3: SUMMIT (BRICS,SAARC, G20)

BRICS summit 6th BRICS Summit 2014: Fortaleza, Brazil(14-16 july 2014)

Theme - "Inclusive Growth: Sustainable Solutions.

Next 7th BRICS Summit to be held in Ufa, Russia

The New Development Bank (NDB), is operated by the BRICS states (Brazil, Russia, India, China

and South Africa) as an alternative to the existing World Bank and International Monetary Fund.

The New Development Bank headquarter will be in Shanghai, China.

The Bank will have a rotating chair and its first President will come from India for the first six years.

The first chair of the Board of Governors shall be from Russia.

The first chair of the Board of Directors shall be from Brazil.

The Bank will also have a regional office in Johannesburg, South Africa.

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SAARC Summit: 18th SAARC 2014- Kathmandu (Nepal) on 26-27 November 2014.

South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC)

Headquarter - Kathmandu (Nepal)

Members 8 India, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, Afghanistan, Maldives, Pakistan, Sri Lanka (MBA

IN BSP)

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G-20 Summit : Brisbane, Australia on 1516 November 2014

G20 leaders summit begins in Brisbane

1. The 2014 G-20 Australia summit is the ninth meeting of the G-20 heads of government.

2. The Leaders' Summit is the most important event in the G20 year. The summit provides a

valuable opportunity for leaders to discuss a wide range of global economic issues and to use their

collective power to improve peoples lives.

3. BLACK MONEY: PM Modi urges for 'close coordination' on black money

4. ENERGY: PM Narendra Modi makes strong pitch for clean(solar) energy at G20

5. Turkey to host G20 Summit in 2015 & China in 2016

TOPIC 4: ISIS (Islamic State of Iraq and Syria)

The Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL ), also ranslated as the Islamic State of Iraq and

Syria (ISIS), self-proclaimed as the Islamic State(IS), is a Sunni, extremist, jihadist rebel group

controlling territory in Iraq and Syria.

It was previously known as Jama'at al-Tawhid wal-Jihad, Al-Qaeda in the Islamic State of Iraq.

It has been designated as a terrorist organization by the United Nations, the European Union, the

United Kingdom, the United States, Australia, Canada, Turkey, Saudi Arabia, Indonesia, the UAE

and Israel.

FUND: In Syria, they've built up something like a mini-state: collecting the equivalent of taxes,

selling electricity, and exporting oil to fund its militant activities.ISIS funds itself through oil and an

extortion racket.

OBJECTIVE/GOAL

The ISIS's objective is the establishment of a world wide Caliphate, images of the world united under

a ISIS banner. Although it has perpetrated many terrorist acts since its formation in 2006, especially

against Shia and Christian civilians, ISI/ISIS/ISIL has been especially active in late 2102 and 2013,

claiming responsibility for killing and wounding hundreds of people through suicide bombings. It's

principal targets are U.S. military and Shia and Christian civilians.

HISTORY

The group originated as Jama'at al-Tawhid wal-Jihad in 1999, becoming Al-Qaeda in Iraq (AQI) in

2004. In 2006, AQI joined other Sunni insurgent groups to form the Mujahideen Shura Council,

which consolidated further into the Islamic State of Iraq (ISI).

In April 2013, the group changed its name to ISIL. It grew significantly under the leadership ofAbu

Bakr al-Baghdadi, who was subsequently criticized by al-Zawahri.

The group's original aim was to establish an Islamic state in Sunni-majority regions of Iraq.

Following its involvement in the Syrian Civil War, this expanded to include controlling Sunni-majority

areas of Syria

As caliphate it claims religious authority over all Muslims worldwide, and aims to bring most

traditionally Muslim-inhabited regions of the world under its legislative control,[36] beginning with the

Levant region, which approximately covers Syria, Jordan, Israel, Palestine, Lebanon, Cyprus, and

part of southern Turkey.

US ACTION: The United States announced a comprehensive strategy for destroying ISIS in both

Iraq and Syria. The campaign centers an expanded air war against ISIS in both countries and the

provision of arms and training to local allies on the ground the Iraqi army, the Kurdish peshmerga,

and "moderate" Syrian rebels.

TOPIC 5:GLOBAL WARMING

Global warming- gradual increase in the average temperature of the Earths atmosphere and its

oceans, a change that is believed to be permanently changing the Earths climate. Some regions

may be wet with rain and some areas will suffer drought due to global warming. The climatic

changes happen due to global warming.

Global warming Causes

The causes are many of which the main culprit is the increase in the greenhouse gases that is

produced by burning fossil fuel and deforestation, thus intensifying the greenhouse effect leading to

global warming.

GREEN HOUSE GASES:- The four main contributors of the greenhouse effect are, vapor, Carbon

dioxide CO2, Methane, and Ozone. Other greenhouse gases include, but are not limited to, Nitrous

oxide, Sulfur hexafluoride, Hydrofluorocarbons,Perfluorocarbons and Chlorofluorocarbons.

Carbon dioxide- CO2, which damages the ozone layer, comes from several sources, but the most

problematic are those coming from the burning of fossil fuels from power plants. This releases

thousands of tones of CO2 into the atmosphere every year.

Excessive cutting down of the trees is another factor causing global warming. When deforestation

happens the efficiency by which carbon dioxide is stored and oxygen released by the green plants

are decreased to a huge rate in turn causing increased concentration of carbon dioxide that leads to

increased greenhouse effect.

Methane -Mining for coal and oil releases methane in the atmosphere. More ever the leakage from

natural gas fields and landfills are additional source of methane.

Effects of global warming

There are two major effects of global warming:

Increase of temperature on the earth by about 3 to 5 C (5.4 to 9 Fahrenheit) by the year 2100.

Rise of sea levels by at least 25 meters (82 feet) by the year 2100.

The effect of global warming is dangerous to life on earth, both the human and animal existence.

Due to the hear agriculture and farming, forestry and fishery are seriously hurt. Water temperature

being elevated, the fauna and flora are deprived of their natural habitat that is detrimental to their

growth and might lead to distinction of the species there.

Higher level of carbon dioxide causes the acidification of the oceans. According to the report of

WWF on coral reefs says that coral populations will collapse by 2100 due to increased temperatures

and ocean acidification.

TOPIC 6(1): EBOLA

The Ebola virus, named after the Ebola River in Zaire. Ebola was first identified in Sudan and Zaire

in 1976. As of now we have no cure for the Ebola virus.

Ebola virus is one of the most virulent viral diseases known to mankind causing death in 50-90% of

its victims. Transmitted via monkey to human, the Ebola virus has come from deep within the jungles

of Africa and has attacked with enough fury to potentially wipe out civilizations.

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TOPIC 6(2): HUDHUD

Very Severe Cyclonic Storm Hudhud was the second strongest tropical cyclone of 2014 within the

North Indian Ocean, as well as the most destructive tropical cyclone in the basin since Nargis in

2008.

Hudhud name derives from the Hoopoe bird, a colorful bird found across Afro-Eurasia suggested by

Oman.

According to the state government, about 2.5 lakh people in 320 villages of 44 mandals (blocks) in

the districts of Visakhapatnam, Vizianagaram, Srikakulam and East Godavari are affected by the

cyclonic devastation.

Hudhud reached its peak strength with three minute wind speeds of 175 km/h

Hudhud caused extensive damage to the city of Visakhapatnam and the neighbouring districts of

Vizianagaram and Srikakulam of Andhra Pradesh.

Damages are estimated to be at least 70000 crore, with assessments still underway. At least 109

deaths have been confirmed, a majority of them from Andhra Pradesh and Nepal, with the latter

experiencing an avalanche due to the cyclone.

About 16,000 electric poles were knocked down by cyclone fury that also left around 6,000

transformers damaged. Damages to Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited (Vizag steel plant) were

estimated at Rs 1,000 crore, Indian Navy Rs 2,000 crore, Andhra University Rs 300 crore and Vizag

airport Rs 500 crore.

TOPIC 6(3): Statue of Unity

It would be the world's tallest statue.

The Statue of Unity is a planned 182 metres (597 ft) monument of Vallabhbhai Patel that will be

created directly facing the Narmada Dam, 3.2 km away on the river island called Sadhu Bet near

Vadodara in Gujarat.

Comparison with Other Tall Statues:-

1. STATUE OF UNITY (India) 182m 2. SPRING TEMPLE BUDDHA(China) 153m 3. USHIKU DAIBUTSU (JAPAN) 120m 4. STATUE OF LIBERTY (USA) 93m 5. THE MOTHERLAND CALLS (RUSSIA) 85m

This statue is planned to be spread over 20000 square meters of project area. It will also be

surrounded with a man-made lake spread across 12 kms of area.

Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel Rashtriya Ekta Trust (SVPRET), a special purpose vehicle was

established by the Gujarat government and the outreach programme across India was carried out

starting December 2013.

Initially the total cost of the project was estimated to be about 2063 crore (US$330 million) by the

government. Later Larsen and Toubro bagged the contract in October 2014 for its lowest bid of

2989 crore (US$480 million) for the design, construction and maintenance. The construction was

started on 31st October 2014.

TOPIC 6(4) :Telangana

Telangana was separated from Andhra Pradesh as a new 29th state of India, with the city of

Hyderabad as its capital. Hyderabad will continue to serve as the joint capital city for Andhra

Pradesh and Telangana for a period of not more than ten years.

Telangana is bordered by the states of Maharashtra and Chhattisgarh to the north, Karnataka to the

west, and Andhra Pradesh to the south and east.

Its major cities include Hyderabad, Warangal, Nizamabad, Karimnagar, Khammam and

Mahabubnagar.

Telangana's first chief minister, K. Chandrashekar Rao of the Telangana Rashtra Samithi, is also

the current incumbent. He has held office since the day Telangana was carved out of Andhra

Pradesh on 2 June 2014.

TOPIC 7: DIGITAL INDIA:-( by Singh Bhupi)

Digital India is an initiative of Government of India to integrate the government departments and the

people of India and to ensure effective governance. It also aims at ensuring the government services

made available to citizens electronically by reducing paperwork.

Its initiative also includes plan to connect rural areas under high-speed internet networks.

Digital India has three core components. These include creation of digital infrastructure, delivering

services digitally and digital literacy.

The project is stated to be completed by 2019.

The scheme will be monitored and controlled by the Digital India Advisory group which will be

chaired by the Ministry of Communications and IT

The scheme have plans also to restructure the National Informatics Centre. The scheme is one

among the top priority of the Modi Administration.

TOPIC 8(A): New Appointment in India

1. Surya Prakash -Chairman Prasar Bharti Board (succeeded Mrinal Pande)

2. Devendra Fadnavis- New Chief Minister of Maharashtra

3. Manohar Lal Khattar- New Chief Minister of Haryana

4. Arvind Subramanian - Chief Economic Advisor.

5. Rajiv Mehrishi - finance secretary. (succeeded Arvind Mayaram)

6. Justice HL Dattu: new Chief Justice of India. He replace CJI RM Lodha

7. Narinder Batra elected President of the Hockey India.

8. Murali Lanka: Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of WalMart India

9. Kaushal Srivastava: Chairman of the Central Board of Excise and Custom (CBEC)

10. Syed Muazzem Ali new Bangladesh Envoy to India. He replace Tariq A. Karim

11. Rajiv appointed acting Central Vigilance Commissioner (CVC). He replace Pradeep Kumar

12. O. Panneerselvam: new chief minister of Tamil Nadu. He replace J. Jayalalithaa

Note: He is 28th Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu.

13. P Sathasivam appointed new Governor of Kerala. He replace Sheila Dikshit

14. Lalitha Kumaramangalam appointed new chief of the National Commission for Women (NCW).

She replaces Mamta Sharma.

15. K.K. Paul, Governor of Meghalya take additional charge of Manipur, Mizoram

16. . India TV chairman and editor-in-chief Rajat Sharma appointed as the president of News

Broadcasting Association

17. Narendra Ambwani elected as Chairman of the Advertising Standards Council of India (ASCI).

18. BJP veteran L.K. Advani appointed as the chairman of the prestigious Ethics Committee of Lok

Sabha.

19. Shah Rukh Khan appointed Ambassador of Interpols initiative Turn Back Crime campaign,

aimed at promoting greater awareness on how to prevent crime.

20. RN Ravi appointed as new chief of Joint Intelligence Committee.

Note: Intelligence Committee is a body tasked to assess intelligence gathered by various intelligence

agencies including IB and RAW.

21. C.S.Verma elected as First President of Indian Steel Association.

TOPIC 8(B): NEW GOVERNORS OF INDIA

1. Kalyan Singh new Governor of Rajasthan

2. Vajubhai Rudabhai Vala - new Governor of Karnataka

3. Chennamaneni Vidyasagar Rao - new Governor of Maharashtra

4. Mridula Sinha - new Governor of Goa

5. Ram Naik: new Governor of Uttar Pradesh. He replaces B.L. Joshi

6. Balramji Dass Tandon: new Governor of Chhattisgarh.

7. Keshari Nath Tripathi: new Governor of West Bengal.

8. Om Prakash Kohli: new Governor of Gujarat.

9. Padmanabha Balakrishna Acharya: new Governor of Nagaland.

TOPIC 8(C): New Appointment in World

1. Dilma Rousseff re-elected as Brazilian President for 2nd term

2. Joko Widodo: New President of Indonesia

3. Khaled Bahah: new Prime Minister of Yemen

4. Leah Kalanguka crowned as Miss Uganda 2014

5. Ron Klain : President Barack Obama appointed a former chief of staff Ron Klain as Ebola "czar."

6. Pratima Dharm - Georgetown University appoints Pratima Dharm as first Hindu priest

7. John Key re-elected as the Prime Minister of New Zealand for a third term

8. Ashraf Ghani sworn in as Afghanistan President. He replaced Hamid Karzai

9. Voreqe Bainimarama new Prime Minister of Fiji

10. Lieutenant General Rizwan Akhtar appointed Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI) chief

11. Leonardo DiCaprio appointed as UN Messenger of Peace

12. Kaushik Basu: International Economic Association appointed as President-Elect

Note: Amartya Sen became the first Indian to join IEA.

13. Subhash Chandra Garg appointed as Executive Director (ED) in World Bank.

14. Sergio Marchionne new Ferrari chairman. He replace Luca

Cordero di Montezemolo

15. TCS re-appoints N Chandrasekaran as CEO

16. Recep Tayyip Erdogan: Turkey's new president

17. Haider al-Abadi : New Iraqi Prime Minister

18. Chief Prayuth Chan-ocha elected new PM of Thailand

19. Joko Widodo: new Indonesia President

20. (CAG) Comptroller & Auditor General of India, Shashi Kant Sharma took charge as member of

UN Board Of Auditors

21. Emma Watson, the British Actress appointed as the Goodwill Ambassador for UN Women.

22. Michelle Howard became the first female four-star admiral in US Navy. She is the first women

admiral in 236 year old

history of US Navy.

23. Jean-Claude Juncker: named as next European Commission president

24. Chung Hung Won retained as Prime Minister of South Korea.

25. Mustafa Kamal: appointed New President of International Cricket Council (ICC).

Note: Mustafa Kamal has become the first from Bangladesh to be president of International Cricket

Council (ICC).

26. N Srinivasan: appointed first chairman of International Cricket Council (ICC).

27. Juan Manuel Santos re-elected Colombia president.

28. Ugandas Foreign Affairs Minister, Sam Kahamba Kutesa elected President for the 69th Session

of United Nations

General Assembly (UNGA). He replaced John William Ashe.

Note: United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) comprises 193 member nations.

29. Reuven Ruby Rivlin elected as 10th president of Israel. He succeed Shimon Peres.

30. Prince Zeid al Hussein (Jordans ambassador) nominated as U.N. High Commissioner for

Human Rights

31. Bashar al-Assad: elected Syria President for third time

32. Dalia Grybauskaite: new President of Lithuania

33. Peter Mutharika is new Malawi president

34. Abdel Fattah Al Sissi new President of Egypt

35. Jacob Zuma sworn in as South Africa's President for second term

TOPIC 9: New Books & Authors

1.Playing it my way is the autobiography of Sachin Tendulkar.

2.Half Girlfriend has been written by Chetan Bhagat.

3. "One Life is Not Enough" is the autobiography of Natwar Singh, A former Union Minister of India.

4.Untold Story of Indian Public Sector - authored by UD Choubey,

5.And then one day is the autobiography of Actor Nasiruddin Shah.

6.Not Just an Accountant has been written by Vinod Rai (India's Former Comptroller and Auditor

General (CAG)).

7.Lajja has been written by Taslima Nasrim.

8.Worthy Fights : A memoir of leadership in war and peace has been written by Leon E Panetta.

9.The Children Act has been written by Ian McEwan.

10.The Gods of Antarctica has been written by 13 Year Old Yashwardhan Shukla.

11.Assasination of Rajeev Gandhi : an Inside Job has been written by Faraj Ahmad.

12.God of Antartica has been written by Yashwardhan Shukla.

13. Iqbal ka harfe sheerin has been written by Abdul Haq.

14.Wolf in White Van has been written by John Darnielle.

15.Odyssey of My Life is the autobiography of Former Home Minister Shivraj Patil.

16.Nehru Gazing at Tomorrow has been written by H R Bharadwaj.

17.Modi:Incredible Emergence of a Star has been written by Tarun Vijay.

18.Passion Flower : Seven Stories of Derangement has been written by Cyrus Mistry.

19.Strictly Personal : Manmohan and Gursharan has been written by Manmohan Singh's Daughter

Daman Singh.

20.The Lives of Others has been written by Neel Mukherjee. It has been nominated for Prestigious

Literary Honor - Man Booker Prize 2014.

21.A man and the Motorcycle has been written by Pete Ham and is based on Hamid Karzai (Former

Afghan President).

22 A Bad Character has been written by Deepti Kapoor.

23. Blood Feud : Obama Vs Clinton has been written by Edward Klein.

24.Manjar Dar Manjar : The essense Of My Spirit has been written by Mahesh Manjar.

25.Indigo Rebellion has been written by Ananda Bhattacharya.

TOPIC 10: FDI

FDI (Foreign Direct Investment):

FDI is described as investment into the business of a country by a company in another country.

As for my perception, FDI will good for retail sector.

SERVICE:As FDI introduced to India, there will be many options and choices for the customers to

select goods at low prices.

GDP: Our countries GDP will surely increase, as the foreign company will invest in India and they

have to pay different types of taxes like service tax, sales tax, corporate tax etc.

EMPLOYMENT: if the foreign company will invest in India and open their malls, they will give job

opportunities to both skilled and non skilled people.

INFRASTRUCTURE: FDI will improve India's infrastructure also, as the rule of FIPB (foreign

investment promotion board) says that every foreign companies has to invest its 30% on their

infrastructure.

If we will talk about the small retailers, let me tell you that according to FIPB rules that is, the foreign

company can only invest in those cities where's population is more than 10 lakhs, and as we know

that in India there are only 100-200 cities are there where's population is more than 10 lakhs.

DISADVANTAGES

(a)Domestic companies fear that they may lose their ownership to overseas company

(b)Small enterprises fear that they may not be able to compete with world class large companies and

may ultimately be edged out of business;

(c)Large giants of the world try to monopolise and take over the highly profitable sectors;

List of Limits in Various Sectors (In %)

1. Defence Raised to 49% from 26%

2. Pension-49

3. Insurance Raised to 49% from 26%

4. Print Media-26

5. Civil Aviation-49

6. Public Sec. Banks-20

7. Private Sec. Banks-74

8. Multi Brand -51

9. Single Brand -100

10. Tourism -100

FDI vs FII by Deepak Wadhwa

FDI (foriegn direct investment)- ACTIVE PARRICIPATION IN MANAGEMENT OF COMPANY AND HOLD and

FII (Forien Institutionl Investment) - JUST INVEST IN SHARES TO EARN PROFIT THROUGH TRADING OF

SHARES

INTERVIEW PREPARATION PART 6 - by Vibhor Sharma (Vivaan)

#Target Interview : Lets know more about our self by Think bigger Team

Topics covered in this part: 1.SAARC (South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation) 2.BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa) 3. ASEAN (Association of South East Asian Nations) 4. OPEC (Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries) 5. NAM (Non-Aligned Movement) 6. NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) 7.Commonwealth Nations 8. G15 9. G24 10.G77 11. European Union 12. G20 13. G8

TOPIC 1: South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC)

SAARC is an organisation of South Asian nations, which was established on 8 December 1985

Its seven founding members are Sri Lanka, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, and

Bangladesh, Afghanistan. Meetings of heads of state are usually scheduled annually; meetings of

foreign secretaries, twice annually. It is headquartered in Kathmandu, Nepal.

TOPIC 2: BRICS

BRICS is the acronym for an association of five major emerging national economies:

Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa.

The grouping was originally known as "BRIC" before the inclusion of South Africa in 2010. The

BRICS members are all developing or newly industrialised countries, but they are distinguished

by their large, fast-growing economies and significant influence on regional and global affairs;

all five are G-20 members. As of 2013, the five BRICS countries represent almost 3 billion

people, with a combined nominal GDP of US$16.039 trillion, and an estimated US$4 trillion in

combined foreign reserves.Presently, South Africa holds the chair of the BRICS group. The

BRICS have received both praise and criticism from numerous quarters.

BRICS Development Bank

The BRICS Development Bank is a proposed development bank of the BRICS nations. Its

establishment was agreed to by BRICS leaders at the 2013 BRICS summit held in Durban, South

Africa on 27 March 2013. Among its goals is to provide funding for infrastructure projects, and

create a "Contingent Reserve Arrangement" worth $100 billion which will help member

countries counteract future financial shocks.

TOPIC3: Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)

The Association of Southeast Asian Nations is a geo-political and economic organisation of ten

countries located in Southeast Asia, which was formed on 8 August 1967 by Indonesia,

Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore and Thailand,Brunei, Burma (Myanmar), Cambodia, Laos,

and Vietnam.

Its aims include accelerating economic growth, social progress, cultural development among its

members, protection of regional peace and stability, and opportunities for member countries to

discuss differences peacefully.

ASEAN covers a land area of 4.46 million km, which is 3% of the total land area of Earth, and

has a population of approximately 600 million people, which is 8.8% of the world's population.

The sea area of ASEAN is about three times larger than its land counterpart. In 2011, its

combined nominal GDP had grown to more than US$ 2 trillion. If ASEAN were a single entity,

it would rank as the eighth largest economy in the world.

Headquarters is at Jakarta, Indonesia.

Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation(BIMSTEC)

The Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation

(BIMSTEC) is an international organisation involving a group of countries in South Asia and

South East Asia. These are: Bangladesh, India, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Bhutan and

Nepal.

TOPIC 4: Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)

OPEC (Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries) is an oil cartel whose mission is to

coordinate the policies of the oil-producing countries. The goal is to secure a steady income to

the member states and to secure supply of oil to the consumers.

OPEC is an intergovernmental organization that was created at the Baghdad Conference on

September 1014, 1960, by Iraq, Kuwait, Iran, Saudi Arabia and Venezuela. Later it was joined

by nine more governments: Libya, United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Indonesia, Algeria, Nigeria,

Ecuador, Angola, and Gabon. OPEC was headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland before moving

to Vienna, Austria, on September 1, 1965.

OPEC was formed at a time when the international oil market was largely separate from

centrally planned economies, and was dominated by multinational companies. OPEC's Policy

Statement' states that there is a right of all countries to exercise sovereignty over their natural

resources.

Headquarters is in Vienna, Austria.

TOPIC 5: Non-Aligned Movement (NAM)

The Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) is a group of states which are not formally aligned with or

against any major power bloc. As of 2012, the movement has 120 members and 17 observer

countries.

The organization was founded in Belgrade in 1961, and was largely conceived by India's first

prime minister, Jawaharlal Nehru; Indonesia's first president, Sukarno; Egypt's second president,

Gamal Abdel Nasser; Ghana's first president Kwame Nkrumah; and Yugoslavia's president,

Josip Broz Tito. All five leaders were prominent advocates of a middle course for states in the

Developing World between the Western and Eastern blocs in the Cold War. The phrase itself

was first used to represent the doctrine by Indian diplomat Vengalil Krishnan Krishna Menon in

1953, at the United Nations.

TOPIC 6: North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)

is an intergovernmental military alliance based on the North Atlantic Treaty which was signed on

4 April 1949. The organization constitutes a system of collective defence whereby its member

states agree to mutual defense in response to an attack by any external party. NATO's

headquarters are in Brussels, Belgium, one of the 28 member states across North America and

Europe, the newest of which, Albania and Croatia, joined in April 2009. An additional 22

countries participate in NATO's "Partnership for Peace", with 15 other countries involved in

institutionalized dialogue programs. The combined military spending of all NATO members

constitutes over 70% of the world's defence spending.

Headquarters at Brussels, Belgium.

TOPIC 7: Commonwealth of Nations

The Commonwealth of Nations is an intergovernmental organisation of 53 member states that

were mostly territories of the former British Empire. The Commonwealth operates by

intergovernmental consensus of the member states, organised through the Commonwealth

Secretariat, and non-governmental organisations, organised through the Commonwealth

Foundation Headquarters at London, United Kingdom.

TOPIC 8: Group of 15 (G-15)

The Group of 15 (G-15) is an informal forum set up to foster cooperation and provide input for

other international groups, such as the World Trade Organization and the Group of Eight. It was

established at the Ninth Non-Aligned Movement Summit Meeting in Belgrade, Yugoslavia, in

September 1989, and is composed of countries from Latin America, Africa, and Asia with a

common goal of enhanced growth and prosperity. The G-15 focuses on cooperation among

developing countries in the areas of investment, trade, and technology. Membership has since

expanded to 17 countries, but the name has remained unchanged. Chile, Iran and Kenya have

since joined the Group of 15, whereas Yugoslavia is no longer part of the group; Peru, a

founding member-state, decided to leave the G-15 in 2011.

Membership :17

Algeria Argentina Brazil Chile Egypt India

Indonesia Iran Jamaica Kenya Malaysia

Mexico Zimbabwe Nigeria Senegal Sri Lanka Venezuela

Headquarters: Geneva, Switzerland

TOPIC 9: GROUP OF 24 (G24) The Group of 24 (G24), a chapter of the G-77, was established in 1971 to coordinate the positions of developing countries on international monetary and development finance issues and to ensure that their interests were adequately represented in negotiations on international monetary matters. The group, which is officially called the Intergovernmental Group of Twenty-Four on International Monetary Affairs and Development, is not an organ of the International Monetary Fund, but the IMF provides

secretariat services for the Group. Its meetings usually take place twice a year, prior to the International Monetary and Financial Committee and Development Committee meetings, to enable developing country members to discuss agenda items beforehand. Although membership in the G-24 is strictly limited to 24 countries, any member of the G-77 can join discussions. China has been a "special invitee" since the Gabon meetings of 1981.

Member states

Algeria Argentina Brazil Colombia Democratic Republic of the Congo

Egypt Ethiopia Gabon Ghana Kenya Guatemala

India Iran Ivory Coast Lebanon Mexico

Nigeria Pakistan Peru Philippines South Africa

Sri Lanka Syria Peru Trinidad and Tobago Venezuela

TOPIC 10: GROUP OF 77 (G77) The Group of 77 at the United Nations is a loose coalition of developing nations, designed to

promote its members' collective economic interests and create an enhanced joint negotiating

capacity in the United Nations. There were 77 founding members of the organization, but the

organization has since expanded to 132 member countries.

India is a memeber state in G 77.

TOPIC 11: European Union (EU) The European Union (EU) is an economic and political union of 28 member states that are

located primarily in Europe. The EU operates through a system of supranational independent

institutions and intergovernmental negotiated decisions by the member states. Institutions of the

EU include the European Commission, the Council of the European Union, the European

Council, the Court of Justice of the European Union, the European Central Bank, the Court of

Auditors, and the European Parliament. The European Parliament is elected every five years by

EU citizens. The EU's de facto capital is Brussels.

Member states

Austria Belgium Bulgaria Croatia Cyprus

Czech Republic Denmark Estonia Finland France

Germany Greece Hungary Ireland Italy

Latvia Lithuania Luxembourg Malta Netherlands

Poland Portugal Romania Slovakia Slovenia

Spain Sweden United Kingdom

TOPIC 12: Group of Eight (G 8) The Group of Eight (G8) is a forum for the governments of eight of the world's largest national

economies as nominal GDP with higher HDI; not included are India at 9th, Brazil at 7th and

China at 2nd. The forum originated with a 1975 summit hosted by France that brought together

representatives of six governments:France, the Federal Republic of Germany, Italy, Japan, the

United Kingdom, and the United States, thus leading to the name Group of Six or G6. The

summit became known as the Group of Seven or G7 the following year with the addition of

Canada. The G7 is composed by the 7 developed wealthiest countries on Earth (as national net

wealth) and by the 7 developed wealthiest countries on Earth by GDP, and it remains active

despite the creation of the G8. In 1997, Russia was added to the group which then became

known as the G8. The European Union is represented within the G8 but cannot host or chair

summits.

G 8 Member States: Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Russia, United Kingdom and the United States.

TOPIC 13: G-20 major economies The Group of Twenty Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors (also known as the G-20,

G20, and Group of Twenty) is a group of finance ministers and central bank governors from 20

major economies: 19 countries plus the European Union, which is represented by the President

of the European Council and by the European Central Bank. The G-20 heads of government or

heads of state have also periodically conferred at summits since their initial meeting in 2008.

Collectively, the G-20 economies account for approximately 86% of the gross world product

(GWP), 80 percent of world trade (including EU intra-trade), and twothirds of the world

population.

Membership:

Argentina Australia Brazil Canada China

European

Union France Germany India Indonesia

Italy Japan Mexico Saudi Arabia

South Africa South Korea Turkey United Kingdom United States

#Target Interview : Lets know more about our self by Think bigger Team

Interview Preparation Part 5

By Vivaan Sharma (Vibhor Sharma)

1.Ebola Fighters named Time Magazine's 'Person of the year'

The Ebola fighters have been named as TIME magazine's Person of the Year 2014. The

announcement was made by the magazine on Wednesday, 10th of December, 2014. Dr Kent

Brantly, the U.S. doctor who contracted Ebola while treating patients in Liberia, featured on the

cover page of the magazine. The cover also features Foday Gallah, an ambulance driver who

survived the infection, Mdecins Sans Frontires nurse Salome Karwah and Dr Jerry Brown, a

Liberian surgeon who turned his hospital's chapel into the country's first Ebola treatment

centre. Each year, the magazine names the 'person' who most influenced the news, for better

or worse, throughout the year.

2. ISRO successfully launches GSLV Mark-III 1. ISRO successfully carries out human crew module experiment; module safely splashes down into Bay of Bengal off Andaman and Nicobar Islands. 2. Also known as LVM3/CARE, this suborbital experimental mission was intended to test the vehicle performance during the critical atmospheric phase of its flight and this carried passive (non functional) cryogenic upper stage. 3. With todays successful launch, the vehicle has moved a step closer to its first development flight with the functional C25 cryogenic stage.

3. Atletico de Kolkata win inaugural ISL title Atletico de Kolkata were crowned the winners of the inaugural Indian Super League on Saturday after beating Kerala Blasters 1-0 in a final featuring two teams owned by former India cricket captains.

Kerala, co-owned by cricket great Sachin Tendulkar, dominated the match but Mohammad Rafique came off the bench to head home the stoppage-time winner at the D.Y. Patil Stadium near Mumbai.

For the Kolkata side, co-owned by Spanish club Atletico Madrid and former India cricket captain Sourav Ganguly, goalkeeper Edel Bete pulled off several saves to thwart Kerala, led and managed by former England goalkeeper David James.

4. NASAs Kepler mission discovers super-Earth NASAs planet-hunting Kepler spacecraft, which is carrying out a new mission has made its

first exoplanet discovery a super-Earth located 180 light-years from Earth. This led to the discovery of a planet, HIP 116454b, which is 2.5 times the diameter of Earth

and follows a close, nine-day orbit around a star that is smaller and cooler than our Sun, making the planet too hot for life as we know it. The discovery was confirmed with measurements taken by the HARPS-North spectrograph of

the Telescopio Nazionale Galileo in the Canary Islands, which captured the wobble of the star caused by the planets gravitational tug as it orbits.

5. Pakistan cry foul after losing World Cup kabaddi final to India After Pakistan hockey team held India responsible for their defeat in Champions Trophy final. This time their kabaddi team captain Shafiq Chisti has blamed umpires of bias towards India in the World Cup Cup final, which Pakistan lost 42-45 to India at the Guru Gobind Singh Multipurpose Stadium.

6. Flipkart files application to become public, raises USD 700 mn.

E-commerce major Flipkart on Saturday announced filing application with Singapore based

companies regulator ACRA to become a public company after raising USD 700 million for long term strategic investments in India following which its number of investors exceeded 50. The USD 700 million fund raised by Flipkart added new investors Baillie Gifford, Greenoaks

Capital, Steadview Capital, T. Rowe Price Associates and Qatar Investment Authority on companys board. Its existing investors DST Global, GIC, ICONIQ Capital and Tiger Global also participated in

this latest financing round.

7. AIBA bans Sarita Devi

Indian woman boxer L. Sarita Devi was on Wednesday handed a one-year ban by the International Boxing Association (AIBA) for refusing to accept her bronze medal at the Asian Games. But the punishment is unlikely to hurt her career too badly as she would be available to

compete in the 2016 Olympic qualifiers. Sarita, who had refused to accept the medal to protest her controversial semifinal bout loss,

has been banned retrospectively from October 1, 2014 to October 1, 2015 and fined 1000 swiss francs.

8. Bengaluru youth operates one of ISIS most famous twitter handle

Mehdi Masroor Biswas, the operator of one of the most successful pro-ISIS Twitter accounts - @ShamiWitness, has been tracked down to Bengaluru by central intelligence agencies. The 24-

year old youth, who hails from Gopalpur in West Bengal, had been working with an MNC in the

city since 2012 and lived with his family. Cops were alerted to his presence following his

interview on Channel 4, a British public-service television broadcaster. This particular twitter

handle went online last year and since has been posting photos and videos of ISIS aggression.

The account, which had nearly 18,000 followers, has shut down following reports. The account

was followed by jihadi fighters and middle-east analysts. He had been encouraging ISIS fighters

through his tweets, and had several times posted the video of US aid worker Peter Kassig's

beheading. Channel 4 reported that his Facebook account was markedly different and had

routine updates about dinners and work parties. He had also written two blog posts on inter-

jihadi disputes and the start of the ISIS offensive in Iraq. He was in touch with English-speaking

jihadis and new recruits who followed his account. Hundreds of supporters of Mehdi have

vented their anger on social media with threat tweets wanting his release. Within hours of his

arrest, a new Twitter handle named @ShamiWitness2 has surfaced. The police are trying to

track down such accounts and tweets but say that its difficult. Radicalization of the youth and

the spread of pro-ISIS agenda in the country is one of the primary concerns of Indian

intelligence agencies.

9. Pakistan Taliban attack school in Peshawar, kill 132 children

In the deadliest attack in Pakistans history, the Pakistan Taliban attacked an army school in

Peshawar and killed 145 people, 132 of them uniformed children. During the ordeal that lasted

for eight hours at the Army Public School and Degree College, nine Taliban gunmen fired at

random and threw grenades as they stormed through the corridors and assembly hall. Some of

the 1,100 students at the school were lined up and shot with bullets to the head. Others were

gunned down as they cowered under their desks, or forced to watch as their teachers were

riddled with bullets. Eyewitnesses said that the gunmen singled out the survivors and fired at

them till they died. A Taliban spokesman said that the attack had been in retaliation against the Pakistans militarys offensive against the Taliban in the North Waziristan tribal region of the

country that has killed scores of Taliban militants. The Pakistan army said in a statement that all

the militants have been killed and 960 students and school staff were rescued safely. Mass

funerals were held in and around Peshawar and hospitals remained crowded with students

injured in the attack and their relatives. Support poured in from all quarters of the world and

people expressed shock and grief at the murder of innocent children. The United States and

various other countries expressed full support to Pakistan in the fight against terrorism. Indian

PM Narendra Modi called Pakistan PM Nawaz Sharif and expressed full solidarity and support.

10. Xiaomi banned from selling and importing phones in India

The Delhi high court has banned Chinese mobile phone manufacturer Xiaomi from selling and

importing its products in India. The move comes as a direct result of a case filed by Swedish

company Ericsson pertaining to a SEP (Standard Essential Patents) and IPR (Intellectual Property

Rights) issue. The Swedish equipment maker's patents on technologies are essential to

manufacture the products that Xiaomi offers. Ericsson had also filed similar cases against

Micromax, Gionee and Intex earlier this year, in fact, Delhi high court had ordered Micromax to

offer Ericsson royalty up to 1% of the selling price of its devices to Ericsson as the former was

using its technology. Germany wins Hockey Champions Trophy beating PakistanGermany won the Hockey

Champions Trophy beating Pakistan 2-0 in the final held in the Kalinga stadium in Bhubaneswar,

Odisha on Sunday. Germany scored in the 18th And 56th minute to win the trophy for the tenth

time. Germany had last won the title in 2007. Pakistan entered the finals after beating India in

the semi-final.

CBI ordered to record statement of ex-PM Manmohan Singh in Coalgate

The Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) was directed by a trial court to record the statement

of former PM Manmohan Singh with respect to the Talabira II coal block allocation to Hindalco,

when he also handled the coal ministry portfolio. The court order comes after CBI had closed

the report on the Talabira coal block in Orissa, citing that no criminal offence had been

committed by any of the persons involved in the allocation of the coal block. Coal allocation

scam is a major political scandal concerning the Indian government's allocation of the nation's

coal deposits to public sector entities and private companies.

13.Sushma Swaraj demands Bhagvad Gita be declared as the national book, sparks criticism

Minister of External Affairs, Sushma Swaraj while speaking at the 'Gita Prerna Mahaotsav'

sparked off a huge controversy saying that the centre should declare the 'Bhagvad Gita' ,the

sacred book of the Hindus, as a rashtriya granth (national book) and only a formal

announcement remained in this regard. She said that Gita has been already the status of

national scripture when Prime Minister Narendra Modi gifted a copy of the holy book to

American president Barack Obama during the former's visit to the US. Reacting to Swaraj's

remarks, TMC leader and West Bengal Chief Minister Mamata Banerjee said that India was a

secular country and only the Constitution was the "Holy Book" in a democracy. The Congress

called her statement frivolous. VHP President who was also present at the event supported

Sushma saying that the government should immediately declare Gita as the national scripture.

14. Government launches e-visa for 43 countries

The government launched the e-visa or the electronic travel authorisation (ETA) for 43

countries, which is to be applied online and can be obtained within a span of 72 hours. It has a

fee of $62 and will be valid for a period of 30 days. The tourism sector will receive a major

boost following this announcement, which was the prime purpose of the government. The

facility will be made available at nine airports - Delhi, Mumbai, Bengaluru, Chennai, Kochi, Goa,

Hyderabad, Kolkata and Thiruvananthapuram.

15. Anil Kumar Sinha named new CBI chief

Anil Sinha, who was serving as second-in-command in the CBI, will take over from Ranjit Sinha

the outgoing CBI director. Sinha is a 1979 batch IPS officer and was appointed after a meeting

between the Prime Minister, the Chief Justice of India and the Leader of Opposition.

16. 30 years after Bhopal gas tragedy, victims yet to receive compensation from government

Even after 30 years of the Bhopal gas tragedy, many of the victims of the catastrophe are yet to

receive compensation from the government. The irregularity has resulted due to the ambiguity

over the death toll. Unofficial figures estimate the death of over 25,000 people whereas the

official government figure stands at 5,295. There is also concern over the non-disposal of toxic

waste, which resulted from the tragedy. 350 MT of toxic waste still lies at the now defunct

chemical plant that is a cause of air and water pollution. A PIL filed by an NGO in the Madhya

Pradesh high court regarding the issue is yet to yield results.

Background: On the 2nd of December, 1984, a pesticide plant in Bhopal, Union Carbide India

Limited, accidentally leaked Methyl Isocyanate (MIC). More than 500,000 people were exposed

to the gas which caused many casualties and is regarded as one of the worst industrial disasters

in the world.

Target Interview: Lets know more about our

self by Think bigger Team Qus1:- Difference between 1G,2G,3G,4G??

Ans- As the name would suggest, 1G was the first generation of mobile networks. Here basically, radio signals were transmitted in Analogue form and expectedly, one was not able to do much other than sending text messaging and making calls. But the biggest disadvantage, however came in the form of limited network availability, as in

the network was available only within the country. 2G networks on the other hand, were based on narrow band digital networks. Signals

were transmitted in the digital format and this dramatically improved the quality of calls

and also reduced the complexity of data transmission. The other advantage of the 2G

network came in the form of Semi Global Roaming System, which enabled the

connectivity all over the world. Between 2G and 3G there was a short phase in between where mobile phones became sleeker and more pocketable if we can call it that. This is popularly referred to as 2.5G where the quantity of radio waves to be transmitted was much lower. This in turn had an effect on the shape and structure of mobile phones. But most of all, 2.5G helped in the ushering of GPRS (General Pocket Radio Service).

The 3rd generation of mobile networks has become popular largely thanks to the

ability of users to access the Internet over devices like mobiles and tablets. The speed

of data transmission on a 3G network ranges between 384KBPS to 2MBPS. This

means a 3G network actually allows for more data transmission and therefore the

network enables voice and video calling, file transmission, internet surfing, online TV,

view high definition

videos, play games and much more. 3G is the best option for users who need to

always stay connected to Internet.

4th Generation mobile networks are believed to provide many value added features. In addition to all the 3G facilities, data transmission is believed to go through the roof

with speeds ranging between 100MBPs to 1GBPS. Phew! Happy talking, surfing,

conferencing, chatting, networking, partying, or whatever you want to do on your

mobile phone.

QUS-2 what is Operating System??

The operating system is the most important program that runs on a computer. Every general-purpose computer must have an operating system to run other programs. Operating systems perform basic tasks, such as recognizing input from the keyboard,

sending output to the display screen, keeping track of files and directories on the disk, and controlling peripheral devices such as disk drives and printers. For large systems, the operating system has even greater responsibilities and powers. It is like a traffic cop -- it makes sure that different programs and users running at the same time do not interfere with each other. The operating system is also responsible for security, ensuring that unauthorized users do not access the system.

4. Classification of Operating systems

Multi-user: Allows two or more users to run programs at the same time. Some operating systems permit hundreds or even

thousands of concurrent users. Multiprocessing : Supports running a program on more than one CPU. Multitasking : Allows more than one program to run concurrently. Multithreading : Allows different parts of a single program to run concurrently. Real time: A real-time operating system (RTOS) is an operating system (OS) intended to serve real- time application process data as it comes in, typically without buffering delays. Responds to input instantly. General-purpose operating systems, such as DOS and

UNIX, are not real-time. Operating systems provide a software platform on top of which other programs, called application programs, can run. The application programs must be written to run on top of a particular operating system. Your choice of operating system, therefore, determines to a great extent the applications you can run. For PCs, the most popular operating systems are DOS, OS/2, and Windows, but others are available, such as Linux. As a user, you normally interact with the operating system through a set of commands. For example, the DOS operating system contains commands such as COPY and RENAME for copying files and changing the names of files, respectively. The commands are accepted and executed by a part of the operating system called the command processor or command line interpreter. Graphical user interfaces allow you to enter commands by pointing and clicking at objects that appear on the screen. Qus-2 Difference between IP Address (IPv4 Vs IPv6). What is Internet Protocol?

Internet Protocol is a set of technical Rules that defines how computers Communicate over a network. There are Currently two versions: IP version 4 (IPv4)

And IP version 6 (IPv6).

What is IPv4? IPv4 was the first version of Internet Protocol to be widely used, and accounts for most of todays

Internet traffic. There are just over 4 billion IPv4 addresses. While that is a lot of IP addresses, it is not

enough to last forever.

What is IPv6? IPv6 is a newer numbering system that Provides a much larger address pool Than IPv4. It was deployed

in 1999 and should meet the worlds IP addressing needs well into the future.

What is the major difference? The major difference between IPv4 and IPv6 is the number o

IP addresses. There are 4,294,967,296 IPv4 Addresses. In

contrast, there are 340,282,366,920,938,463,463,374,

607,431,768,211,456 IPv6 addresses. The technical

functioning of the Internet Remains the same with both

versions and it is likely that both versions will Continue to

operate simultaneously on networks well into the future. To

date, Most networks that use IPv6 support Both IPv4 and

IPv6 addresses in their Networks.

Qus-4 what is OSI model and its layers.

OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) is reference model for how applications can

communicate over a network. The main concept of OSI is that the process of communication between two endpoints

in a telecommunication network can be divided into seven distinct groups of related

functions, or layers. Each communicating user or program is at a computer that can

provide those seven layers of function. So in a given message between users, there

will be a flow of data down through the layers in the source computer, across the

network and then up through the layers in the receiving computer. The seven layers of Join us-https://www.facebook.com/groups/557126864421409/

Page 6

Target Interview: Lets know more about our self by Think bigger Team function are provided by a combination of applications, operating systems, network

card device drivers and networking hardware that enable a system to put a signal on

a network cable or out over Wi-Fi or other wireless protocol).

Physical (Layer 1) This layer conveys the bit stream - electrical impulse, light or radio signal -- through the

network at the electrical and mechanical level. It provides the hardware means of

sending and receiving data on a carrier, including defining cables, cards and physical

aspects. Fast Ethernet, RS232, and ATM are protocols with physical layer components. Data Link (Layer 2) At this layer, data packets are encoded and decoded into bits. It furnishes transmission

protocol knowledge and management and handles errors in the physical layer, flow

control and frame synchronization. The data link layer is divided into two sub layers:

The Media Access Control (MAC) layer and the Logical Link Control (LLC) layer. The

MAC sub layer controls how a computer on the network gains access to the data and

permission to transmit it. The LLC layer controls frame synchronization, flow control

and error checking.

Network (Layer 3) This layer provides switching and routing technologies, creating logical paths, known

as virtual circuits, for transmitting data from node to node. Routing and forwarding

are functions of this layer, as well as addressing,internetworking, error

handling, congestion control and packet sequencing. Transport (Layer 4) This layer provides transparent transfer of data between end systems, or hosts, and is responsible for end-to-end error recovery and flow control. It ensures complete data transfer. Session (Layer 5) This layer establishes, manages and terminates connections between applications. The session layer sets up, coordinates, and terminates conversations, exchanges, and dialogues between the applications at each end. It deals with session and connection coordination. Presentation (Layer 6) This layer provides independence from differences in data representation (e.g., encryption) by translating from application to network format, and vice versa. The presentation layer works to transform data into the form that the application layer can accept. This layer formats and encrypts data to be sent across a network, providing freedom from compatibility problems. It is sometimes called the syntax layer.

Application (Layer 7) This layer supports application and end-user processes. Communication partners are identified, quality of service is identified, user authentication and privacy are considered, and any constraints on data syntax are identified. Everything at this layer is application-specific. This layer provides application services for file transfers,e-mail, and other network software services. Telnet and FTP are applications that exist entirely in the application level. Tiered application architectures are part of this layer.

Qus-5 GSM & CDMA?? GSM and CDMA are competing wireless technologies with GSM enjoying about an

82% market share globally. In the U.S., however, CDMA is the more dominant

standard. Technically GSM (Global System for Mobilecommunications,

originally from Groupe Spcial Mobile) is a specification of an entire wireless

network infrastructure, while CDMA relates only to the air interface the radio

portion of the technology. Code division multiple access (CDMA) describes a communication channel access

principle that employs spread-spectrum technology and a special coding scheme

(where each transmitter is assigned a code).

CDMA also refers to digitalcellular telephony systems that use this multiple access

scheme, as pioneered by QUALCOMM, and W-CDMA by the International

Telecommunication Union (ITU), which is used in GSMs UMTS.

Qus 6:- Low and High Level Programming Languages A programming language such as C, FORTRAN, or Pascal that enables a

programmer to write programs that are more or less independent of a particular

type of computer. Such languages are considered high-level because they are

closer to human languages and further from machine languages. In contrast,

assembly languagesare considered low-level because they are very close to

machine languages.

The main advantage of high-level languages over low-level languages is that they are

easier to read, write, and maintain. Ultimately, programs written in a high-level

language must be translated into machine language by acompiler or interpreter. The first high-level programming languages were designed in the 1950s. Now there

are dozens of different languages, including Ada, Algol, BASIC, COBOL, C, C++, FORTRAN, LISP, Pascal, and Prolog. Low Level Programming Language-

In computer science, a low-level programming language is a programming language

that provides little or no abstraction from a computer's instruction set architecture.

Generally this refers to either machine code or assembly language. Qus7:- What are Android and its latest version.

Android is a mobile operating system (OS) based on the Linux kernel and currently

developed by Google. Android is designed primarily for touchscreen mobile devices such assmartphones and tablet computers, with

specialized user interfaces for televisions (Android TV), cars (Android Auto), and wrist

watches (Android Wear). . Despite being primarily designed for touchscreen input, it

also has been used in game consoles, digital cameras, regular PCs (e.g. the HP Slate 21) and other electronics.

Android is the most widely used mobile OS and, as of 2013, the highest selling OS

overall. Versions are :-

Jelly Bean (4.14.3.1) KitKat (4.44.4.4) Lollipop (5.05.0.1)

Qus-8:-What are TCP/IP and Layers of TCP/IP. TCP/IP stands for Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol. It defines how

electronic devices (like computers) should be connected over the Internet, and how

data should be transmitted between them.TCP - Transmission Control Protocol.

TCP/IP is a two-layer program. The higher layer, Transmission Control Protocol,

manages the assembling of a message or file into smallerpackets that are transmitted

over the Internet and received by a TCP layer that reassembles the packets into the

original message. The lower layer, Internet Protocol, handles the address part of each packet so that it gets to the righ