Republic of the PhilippinesSupreme CourtManila SECOND DIVISION LAND BANK OF THE PHILIPPINES,Petitioner, - versus - LAMBERTO C. PEREZ, NESTOR C. KUN, MA. ESTELITA P. ANGELES-PANLILIO, and NAPOLEON O. GARCIA,Respondents. G.R. No. 166! Present: CARPIO, J., Chairperson,BRION,PEREZ,SERENO, andREYES, JJ. Promu!ated: "une #$, %% x------------------------------------------------------------------------------------x DECISION BRION, J." Be'orethisCourt isapetition'or revie(on certiorari,)#* underRue+,o'theRueso'Court, assaiin!thede-ision)%* dated"anuar.%&, %&&,o'theCourt o'Appeas in CA-/.R. SP No. 01,22. In the assaied de-ision, the Court o' Appeasdismissed the -rimina -ompaint 'or esta'a a!ainst the respondents, 3am4erto C.Pere5, Nestor C. 6un, 7a. Esteita P. An!ees-Paniio and Napoeon /ar-ia, (hoae!ed.vioatedArti-e $#,, para!raph#849 o' the RevisedPena Code, inreation (ith Se-tion #$ o' Presidentia :e-ree No. 8P.D.9 ##, the ;rust Re-eipts3a(. Petitioner 3and Ban< o' the Phiippines 8LBP9 is a !overnment 'inan-ia institutionand the o''i-ia depositor. o' the Phiippines.)$* Respondents are the o''i-ers andrepresentativeso' AsianConstru-tionand:eveopment Corporation8ACDC9, a-orporationin-orporatedunder Phiippinea(anden!a!edinthe-onstru-tion4usiness.)+* On"une0, #===, 3BP'ieda-ompaint 'oresta'aorvioationo' Arti-e$#,,para!raph#849 o' theRevisedPena Code, inreationtoP.:. ##,, a!ainst therespondents4e'oretheCit.Prose-utorsO''i-ein7apained that in Colinares, the 4uidin! materias (ere deivered to the a--used4e'ore the. appied to the 4an< 'or a oan to pa. 'or the mer-handiseC thus, theo(nership o' the mer-handise had aread. 4een trans'erred to the entrustees 4e'orethe trust re-eipts a!reements (ere entered into.In the present -ase, the parties havearead. entered into the A!reement 4e'ore the -onstru-tion materias (eredeivered to AC:C. Su4seDuent., the respondents 'ied a petition 'or revie( 4e'ore the Court o'Appeas. A'ter4othpartiessu4mittedtheirrespe-tive7emoranda, theCourt o' Appeaspromu!atedtheassaiedde-isiono'"anuar.%&, %&&,.)#0* App.in!thedo-trinein Colinares, it rued that this -ase did not invove a trust re-eipt transa-tion, 4ut amere oan. It emphasi5ed that -onstru-tion materias, the su4Ae-t o' the trust re-eipttransa-tion, (ere deivered to AC:C even 4e'ore the trust re-eipts (eree>e-uted. Itnoted that3BP did noto''erproo'that the!oods(ere re-eived4.AC:C, and that the trust re-eipts did not -ontain a des-ription o' the !oods, theirinvoi-e vaue, the amount o' the dra't to 4e paid, and their maturit. dates. It asoadopted AC:Cs ar!ument that sin-e no pa.ment 'or the -onstru-tion proAe-ts had4een re-eived 4. AC:C, its o''i-ers -oud not have 4een !uit. o'misappropriatin! an. pa.ment. ;he dispositive portion reads: BFERE@ORE, in vie( o' the 'ore!oin!, the Petition is /IGEN :HECOHRSE. ;he assaied Resoutions o' the respondent Se-retar. o' "usti-e datedAu!ust #, %&&% and @e4ruar. #0, %&&$, respe-tive. in I.S. No. ==-@-=%#2-%2 arehere4. REGERSE: and SE; ASI:E.)#2* 3BP no( 'ies this petition 'or revie( on -ertiorari, dated 7ar-h #,, %&&,, raisin!the 'oo(in! error: ;FE COHR; O@ APPEA3S /RAGE3Y ERRE: BFEN I; REGERSE: AN:SE; ASI:E ;FE RESO3H;IONS O@ ;FEFONORAB3ESECRE;ARY O@"HS;ICE BY APP3YIN/ ;FE RH3IN/ IN ;FE CASE O@ CO3INARES G.COHR; O@ APPEA3S, $$= SCRA 1&=, BFICF IS NO; APP3ICAB3E IN ;FECASE A; BAR.)#=* On Apri 2, %&, (hie the -ase (as pendin! 4e'ore this Court, the respondents'ied a motion to dismiss.)%&* ;he. in'ormed the Court that 3BPhad aread.assi!ned to Phiippine Opportunities 'or /ro(th and In-ome, In-. a o' its ri!hts,tite and interests in the oans su4Ae-t o' this -ase in a :eed o' A4soute Sae dated"une %$, %&&, 8atta-hed as Anne> C o' the motion9. ;he respondents aso statedthat Avent Fodin!s Corporation, in 4eha' o' AC:C, had aread. setted AC:Cso4i!ation to 3BP on O-to4er 2, %&&=.In-uded as Anne> A in this motion (as a-erti'i-ation)%#* issued 4. the Phiippine Opportunities 'or /ro(th and In-ome, In-.,statin! thatit (as 3BPs su--essor-in-interestinso'aras thetrust re-eiptsin this-ase are -on-erned andthat AventFodin!sCorporationhadaread.setted the-aims o' 3BP or o4i!ations o' AC:C arisin! 'rom these trust re-eipts.Be den. this petition. The disputed transactions are not trust receipts. Se-tion + o' P.:. ##, de'ines a trust re-eipt transa-tion in this manner: Se-tion+. What constitutesatrust receipt transaction. A trust re-eipttransa-tion, (ithin the meanin! o' this :e-ree, is an. transa-tion 4. and4et(een a person re'erred to in this :e-ree as the entruster, and anotherperson re'erred to in this :e-ree as entrustee, (here4. the entruster, (hoo(ns or hods a4soute tite or se-urit. interests over -ertain spe-i'ied!oods, do-uments or instruments, reeases the same to the possession o'the entrustee upon the atterIs e>e-ution and deiver. to the entruster o' asi!neddo-ument -aedaJtrust re-eiptJ(hereintheentrustee4indshimse' to hod the desi!nated !oods, do-uments or instruments in trust'or the entruster and to se or other(ise dispose o' the !oods, do-umentsor instruments (iththe o4i!ationtoturnover tothe entruster thepro-eeds thereo' to the e>tent o' the amount o(in! to the entruster or asappears inthetrust re-eipt or the !oods, do-uments or instrumentsthemseves i' the. are unsod or not other(ise disposed o', in a--ordan-e(ith the terms and -onditions spe-i'ied in the trust re-eipt, or 'or otherpurposes su4stantia. eDuivaent to an. o' the 'oo(in!: #. In the -ase o' !oods or do-uments, 8a9 to se the !oods or pro-uretheir saeC or 849 to manu'a-ture or pro-ess the !oods (ith the purpose o'utimate sae: Provided, ;hat, in the -ase o' !oods deivered under trustre-eipt 'or the purpose o' manu'a-turin! or pro-essin! 4e'ore its utimatesae, theentruster sha retainitstiteover the!oods(hether initsori!ina or pro-essed 'orm unti the entrustee has -ompied 'u. (ith hiso4i!ation under the trust re-eiptC or 8-9 to oad, unoad, ship or transhiporother(isedea (iththeminamannerpreiminar.orne-essar.totheir sae).* ;here are t(o o4i!ations in a trust re-eipt transa-tion. ;he 'irst is -overed4. the provision that re'ers to mone. under the o4i!ation to deiver it 8entregarla9totheo(ner o' themer-handisesod. ;hese-ondis-overed4.theprovisionre'errin! to mer-handise re-eived under the o4i!ation to return it 8devolvera9 totheo(ner. ;hus, underthe ;rust Re-eipts3a(,)%%* intent tode'raudispresumed(hen 8#9 the entrustee 'ais to turn over the pro-eeds o' the sae o' !oods -overed4. the trust re-eipt to the entrusterC or 8%9 (hen the entrustee 'ais to return the!oods under trust, i' the. are not disposed o' in a--ordan-e (ith the terms o' thetrust re-eipts.)%$* In atrust re-eipttransa-tions,4oth o4i!ations onthe parto'the trusteee>ist intheaternativethereturno' thepro-eedso' thesaeor thereturnorre-over. o' the !oods, (hether ra( or pro-essed.)%+* Bhen 4oth parties enter intoan a!reement er-ise 4. the O''i-e o'the /overnment Corporate Counse o' its Authorit., :uties and Po(ers asPrin-ipa 3a( O''i-e o' A /overnment O(ned or Controed Corporations, 'ied4e'ore the O''i-e o' the Nationa Administration Re!ister on Septem4er ,, %#,reads: Section 2. Extent of legal assistance ;he O/CC sha represent the-ompainin! /OCC in a sta!es o' the -rimina pro-eedin!s.;he e!a assistan-ee>tendedisnot imitedtothepreparationo'appropriates(ornstatements4utsha in-ude a aspe-ts o' an e''e-tive private prose-ution in-udin! re-over. o'-ivi ia4iit. arisin! 'rom the -rime, su4Ae-t to the -ontro and supervision o' thepu4i- prose-utor. BasedonAurispruden-e, there are t(oe>-eptions (hena private part.-ompainant or o''endedpart.ina-rimina -asema.'ieapetition(iththisCourt, (ithout the intervention o' the OS/: 8#9 (hen there is denia o' due pro-esso' a( to the prose-ution, and the State or its a!ents re'use to a-t on the -ase to thepreAudi-e o' the State and the private o''ended part.C)$=* and 8%9 (hen the privateo''ended part. Duestions the -ivi aspe-t o' a de-ision o' the o(er -ourt.)+&* In this petition, 3BP 'ais to ae!e an. ina-tion or re'usa to a-t on the parto' the OS/, tantamount to a denia o' due pro-ess. No e>panation appears as to(h. the OS/ (as not a part. to the -ase. Neither -an 3BP no( Duestion the -iviaspe-t o' this de-ision as it had aread. assi!ned AC:Cs de4ts to a third person,PhiippineOpportunities 'or /ro(thandIn-ome, In-., andthe-ivi ia4iitiesappear to have aread. 4een setted 4. Avent Fodin!s Corporation, in 4eha' o'AC:C. ;hese 'a-ts have not 4een disputed 4. 3BP. ;here'ore, (e -an reasona4.-on-ude that 3BP no on!er has an. -aims a!ainst AC:C, as re!ards the su4Ae-tmatter o' this -ase, that (oud entite it to 'ie a -ivi or -rimina a-tion. 1HEREFORE, (e DEN2 the petition and AFFIRM the "anuar. %&, %&&,de-ision o' the Court o' Appeas in CA-/.R. SP No. 01,22. No -osts. SO ORDERED. ARTURO D. BRIONAsso-iate "usti-e 1E CONCUR" ANTONIO T. CARPIOSenior Asso-iate "usti-eChairperson Capalla vs. Comelec, GR No. 201112,June 13, 2012By LLBe:LawLifeBuzz!ce!e"aFacts: #n July 10, 200$, !%e Comelec an& 'ma"!ma!ic()*+ en!e"e& in!o a Con!"ac! fo" !%e ,"ovisionof an -u!oma!e& lec!ion 'ys!em fo" !%e +ay 10, 2010 'ync%"onize& Na!ional an& Local lec!ions,.-' Con!"ac!/. )%e con!"ac! 0e!ween !%e Comelec an& 'ma"!ma!ic()*+ was one of 1lease of !%e -' wi!% op!ion !o pu"c%ase .#),/ !%e 2oo&s lis!e& in !%e con!"ac!.3 *n sai& con!"ac!, !%e Comelec was 2iven un!il 4ecem0e" 31, 2010 wi!%in w%ic% !o e5e"cise !%e op!ion. *n 'ep!em0e" 2010, !%e Comelec pa"!ially e5e"cise& i!s #), $20 uni!s of ,C#' mac%ines wi!% co""espon&in2 canvassin26consoli&a!ion sys!em .CC'/ fo" !%e special elec!ions in ce"!ain a"eas in !%e p"ovinces of Basilan, Lanao &el 'u" an& Bulacan. *n a le!!e" &a!e& 4ecem0e" 17, 2010, 'ma"!ma!ic()*+, !%"ou2% i!s C%ai"man 8lo"es, p"opose& a !empo"a"y e5!ension of !%e op!ion pe"io& on !%e "emainin2 ,C#' mac%ines un!il +a"c% 31, 2011, waivin2 !%e s!o"a2e cos!s an& cove"in2 !%e main!enance cos!s. )%e Comelec &i& no! e5e"cise !%e op!ion wi!%in !%e e5!en&e& pe"io&. 'eve"al e5!ensions we"e 2iven fo" !%e Comelec !o e5e"cise !%e #), un!il i!s final e5!ension on +a"c% 31, 2012.#n +a"c% 2$, 2012, !%e Comelec issue& a Resolu!ion "esolvin2 !o accep! 'ma"!ma!ic()*+9s offe" !o e5!en& !%e pe"io& !o e5e"cise !%e #), un!il +a"c% 31, 2012 an& !o au!%o"ize C%ai"man B"illan!es !o si2n fo" an& on 0e%alf of !%e Comelec !%e -2"eemen! on !%e 5!ension of !%e #), :n&e" !%e -' Con!"ac! .5!ension -2"eemen!/. Comelec a2ain issue& a Resolu!ion "esolvin2 !o app"ove !%e 4ee& of 'ale 0e!ween !%e Comelec an& 'ma"!ma!ic()*+ !o pu"c%ase !%e la!!e"9s ,C#' mac%ines !o 0e use&in !%e upcomin2 +ay 2013 elec!ions an& !o au!%o"ize C%ai"man B"illan!es !o si2n !%e 4ee& of 'ale fo" an& on 0e%alf of !%e Comelec. )%e 4ee& of 'ale was fo"!%wi!% e5ecu!e&.,e!i!ione"s assail !%e cons!i!u!ionali!y of !%e Comelec Resolu!ions on !%e 2"oun&s !%a! !%e op!ion pe"io& p"ovi&e& fo" in !%e -' con!"ac! %a& al"ea&y lapse&; !%a! !%e e5!ension of !%e op!ion pe"io& an& !%e e5e"cise of !%e op!ion wi!%ou! compe!i!ive pu0lic 0i&&in2 con!"avene !%e p"ovisions of R- $17ec! !"ansac!ion 0ase& on !%e 2"oun&s !%a! !%e"e is no p"o%i0i!ion ei!%e" in !%e con!"ac! o" p"ovision of law fo" i! !o e5!en& !%e op!ion pe"io&; !%a! !%e #), is no! an in&epen&en! con!"ac! in i!self, 0u! is a p"ovision con!aine& in !%e vali& an& e5is!in2 -' con!"ac! !%a! %a& al"ea&y sa!isfie& !%e pu0lic 0i&&in2 "e?ui"emen!s of R- $17