Internet2:Implications for Higher Education

Douglas Van HouwelingPresident & CEO -- UCAID

OverviewOverview History Today’s Internet Barriers to Progress Internet2 Advanced Internet Projects Applications Network Requirements and Abilene Implications Comments & Questions

History Today’s Internet Barriers to Progress Internet2 Advanced Internet Projects Applications Network Requirements and Abilene Implications Comments & Questions

History ARPAnet origins 1987 -- NSFnet

•Privatization in 1995 Higher ed planning in 1995/1996

•Are our research and education needs being met by today’s internet?

Today’s Internet

Growing at 10 - 15% per month Challenges to higher education

• The “world wide wait”• Human interaction awkward

Virtual meetings and seminars Shared authoring Browsing publications

• Distributed large scale computing and data base efforts not feasible

Today’s Internet

Inadequate for mission-critical applications• Authentication• “Best efforts” not good enough

Intranets and Extranets instead• Match capacity and demand• Provide a more secure environment• Don’t reach the public at large, though!

Barriers to Progress

Providers swamped attempting to match capacity to demand

Advanced applications can’t be deployed

No large scale development environment available

Negative-sum competitive environment inhibits investment

Research andDevelopment

Commercialization

Partnerships

Privatization

NSFNET

Internet2, Abilene, vBNSESNET, NREN, DREN

ARPAnet

gigabittestbeds

ActiveNets

wirelessWDM

SprintLinkInternetMCI Agency

NetworksANS

InteroperableHigh PerformanceResearch &Education

Networks

21st CenturyNetworking

Quality of Service(QoS)

The Establishment of Internet2 10/96 -- I2 organizing meeting

•34 institutions signed up•Membership commitment

$25,000/year in membership dues I2 connectivity and campus upgrades

9/97 -- University Corporation for Advanced Internet Development•Home of Internet2 and Abilene•Offices in Washington, DC and Ann Arbor, MI

UCAID Organization & Budget

University CEO’s are voting representatives for regular members

Structured as an agile organization capable of responding to rapid change.

4 Councils with Board seats• Applications• Policy & Operations• Network Research• Industry

Member dues provide income base

UCAID Board Chair -- David Ward -- Chancellor, University of

Wisconsin/Madison Henry Bienen -- President, Northwestern University William Bowen -- President, Mellon Foundation Molly Corbett Broad -- President, University of North Carolina Larry Faulkner -- President, University of Texas/Austin Steven Sample -- President, University of Southern California Graham Spanier -- President, Penn State University Gary Augustson -- Chair, Network Planning and Policy Council Tom DiFanti -- Chair, Applications Strategy Council Larry Landweber -- Chair, Network Research Liaison Council Doug Van Houweling -- President and CEO

Internet2 Project Goals

Enable new generation of applications

Re-create leading edge R&E network

capability

Transfer capability to the global

production Internet

Internet2 Universities133 as of September 1998

University of Puerto Rico not shown

Internet2 Corporate Partners

3Com

Advanced Network & Services, Inc.

AT&T

Cabletron Systems

Cisco Systems

FORE

IBM

3Com

Advanced Network & Services, Inc.

AT&T

Cabletron Systems

Cisco Systems

FORE

IBM

Lucent Technologies

MCI Worldcom

Newbridge Networks

Nortel Networks

Qwest Communications

StarBurst Communications

Lucent Technologies

MCI Worldcom

Newbridge Networks

Nortel Networks

Qwest Communications

StarBurst Communications

Internet2 Corporate Sponsors

Bell South Packet Engines SBC Technology

Resources StorageTek Torrent

Technologies

Internet2 Corporate Members Alcatel Telecom Ameritech Apple Computers AppliedTheory Bell Atlantic Bellcore British Telecom Deutsche Telekom GTE Internetworking Hitachi IXC Communications KDD Nexabit Networks Nokia Research Center

Alcatel Telecom Ameritech Apple Computers AppliedTheory Bell Atlantic Bellcore British Telecom Deutsche Telekom GTE Internetworking Hitachi IXC Communications KDD Nexabit Networks Nokia Research Center

Novell Pacific Bell RR Donnelley Siemens Sprint StorageTek Sun Microsystems Sylvan

Learning Telebeam Williams

Communications

Novell Pacific Bell RR Donnelley Siemens Sprint StorageTek Sun Microsystems Sylvan

Learning Telebeam Williams

Communications

Internet2 GigaPoPs

Advanced InternetProjects

Next Generation Internet (NGI)• Focused on:

Federal mission agency needs Maintaining US Internet leadership

Internet2• Focused on:

Higher education needs Moving the public Internet to the next level

Advanced InternetProjects

The whole is greater than the sum of the parts• NGI provides partial financial support

for university Internet2 projects• Internet2 and NGI coordinate

technology development and deployment

• Industry has strong incentive to implement resulting capabilities

Advanced Internet Benefits

Richer content through higher bandwidth•Video, audio•Virtual reality•Dynamic not static

More interactivity via minimal delay Reliable content delivery through

quality of service model

Applications

Engineering

Motivate Enables

Applications and Engineering

Internet2 Applications

Deliver qualitative and quantitative improvements in the conduct of:• Research• Teaching• Learning

Require advanced networking

Many Disciplines and Contexts

Sciences Arts Humanities Health care Business/Law Administration …

Instruction Collaboration Streaming video Distributed

computation Data mining Virtual reality Digital libraries …

Application Attributes

Interactive research collaboration and instruction

Real-time access to remote scientific instruments

Images courtesy of theUniversity of Michigan

Attributes, cont.

Large-scale, multi-site computation and database processing

Shared virtual reality

Any combination of the above

Images courtesy of Old Dominion Universityand Univ of Illinois-Chicago

American Sign Language and English Captions

Gallaudet University

Georgetown University

Remote Scanning Electron Microscope

University of Michigan

PhilipsPhilips XL30XL30

Distributed Image SpreadSheet

University of Missouri-Columbia

3D Brain Mapping: “Watching the Brain

in Action”University of Pittsburgh

Carnegie Mellon University

Pittsburgh Supercomputing Center

Upper AtmosphericResearch Collaboratory

University of Michigan

Teleimmersion Shared virtual reality

University of Illinois at Chicago

Virtual Temporal Bone

Images courtesy Univ of Illinois-

Chicago

Globally InterconnectedObject Databases

California Institute of

Technology

Real-Time RemoteSurgical Collaboration

Ohio State University

GeoWorlds

USC/ISI

Middleware Challenges

Identify technologies that are scalable and interoperable

Increase deployment of middleware technologies as part of a pre-commercial production environment

Examples:• Distributed storage• Video tools• QoS implementation

Deploy a production network to support applications R&D

Establish quality of service (QoS) Support native multicast Establish gigaPoPs as effective

service points

Engineering Objectives

Abilene Project Complement vBNS Internet2 backbone Provide advanced network testbed Support Internet2 applications

development Demonstrate next generation operational

and quality of service capabilities Create facilities for network

research

Abilene NetworkJanuary 1999

Cleve

land

New York

Atlanta

Indianapolis

Kansas City

Houston

Denver

Los Angeles

Sacramento

Seattle

Abilene Router Node

Abilene Access Node

Operational January 1999

Planned 1999

Abilene Characteristics

2.4 Gbps (OC48) among gigaPoPs, increasing to 9.6 Gbps (OC192)

Connections at 622 Mbps (OC12) or 155 Mbps (OC3)

IP over Sonet technology Access PoPs very close to almost all

of the anticipated university gigaPoPs

Abilene Schedule

Spring 1998: enrollment discussions with members

Fall 1998: Demonstation and pre-production

January 1999: Initial group of around 30 members connected

1999: Other members connected as mutually planned

International Activities Focus on researcher partnerships working on

advanced applications Cooperate on QoS, etc. to maintain global

interoperability Use STARTAP (Science, Technology, and

Research Transit Access Point) Execute MoU’s with comparable organizations

across the globe• Canada• Nordic countries• Netherlands• Others in progress

Current Priorities

Expand and enhance backbone connectivity Identify and facilitate first phase

applications development & deployment Facilitate middleware standardization and

implementation Support network research Build international collaboration

opportunities

Result The Internet and its applications will subsume other

services:• telephone• mail• television• print news• movie rental• virtual meetings• classroom-based education• advertising and sales• will be universally accessible

Implications From casual & important uses to mission-

critical uses From delayed interaction -> immediate

interaction From regulated media -> less regulated

communication From mass media (munication?) ->

personalized communication Interactive electronic communities will

proliferate and thrive

Trend --Information -> Collaboration

Today’s Internet focuses on access to and delivery of information

Tomorrow’s Internet will support human collaboration in an information-rich environment

The Internet is global, and is creating a global capability to build knowledge-based communities

Intangible Value

The world is moving from an economy based on tangibles to one based on intangibles• slower growth in physical flows of

material goods & products• faster growth of ethereal streams of

data, images, and symbols Supporting human interaction less

constrained by geography & time

Distributed Organizations VISA International The Internet Higher education

• The Internet could have scaled nowhere else

All created to convey intangible value All dependent on information and flexible

interorganizational and interpersonal relationships

Implications for an Internet World The future will undoubtedly be different

than we and predict, but we can observe a powerful confluence:• intangible value represented in and

transportable though information technology• increasing success of distributed global

organizations• an Internet designed to support a world built

on human collaboration in an information-rich environment

Are We Ready? We still think about mass

communication, not personal interaction We still measure the economy in terms

of tangibles We still assume organizations are

hierarchical Can the higher education community

provide the model for our future?

Are We Ready?

The higher education research community is already global

But learning is still focused on physical classrooms and “seat time”

Knowledge-based enterprises are working to build a global base of human resources• based on lifelong education, not the early-

career degree program

Are We Ready?

To build global learning environments around the global R&D communities now being developed?• The global market for highly specialized

knowledge may sustain offerings not feasible for even the largest campus

• Faculty will need to collaborate in teaching just as they have in research

If we don’t, others will

Are We Ready?

Information technology will provide the capability

Faculty will build the research and learning environments

Can our institutions support the required organizational & financial innovations?

More Info ...

www.Internet2.edu DVH@Internet2.edu Doug Van Houweling

Internet2 3025 Boardwalk Suite 100 Ann Arbor, MI 48108 +1.734.913.4250