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NetworkingNetworking
Presented By:Presented By:
Ken GutierrezKen Gutierrez
Fred HadleyFred Hadley
OverviewOverview
What Is Networking?What Is Networking?
How It WorksHow It Works
Ways To ConnectWays To Connect
Types Of NetworksTypes Of Networks
Network TopologiesNetwork Topologies
Networking SoftwareNetworking Software
What is Networking?What is Networking?
DefinitionDefinition Two or more computers connected in order to Two or more computers connected in order to
share data and resources.share data and resources.FilesFiles
Peripherals (External) DevicesPeripherals (External) Devices
Why A Network?Why A Network?
Simultaneous AccessSimultaneous Access
Share Peripheral DevicesShare Peripheral Devices
Personal CommunicationPersonal Communication
Easier BackupEasier Backup
Share Internet ConnectionShare Internet Connection
Simultaneous AccessSimultaneous Access
In organizations, many people may need to use In organizations, many people may need to use the same data or programs.the same data or programs.
Shared data and programs can be stored on a Shared data and programs can be stored on a central network server.central network server. Server that stores data files is a file server.Server that stores data files is a file server.
Managers may assign access rights to users.Managers may assign access rights to users. Read data only.Read data only. Make changes to existing files.Make changes to existing files.
Play Multi-Computer GamesPlay Multi-Computer Games
Share Peripheral DevicesShare Peripheral Devices
Peripheral (external) devices are expensive.Peripheral (external) devices are expensive. Cost-effective to shareCost-effective to share
PrintersPrinters
ScannersScanners
Internet ConnectionInternet Connection
SpoolingSpooling Send Multiple Documents (Print Jobs)Send Multiple Documents (Print Jobs) Temporarily Stored On ServerTemporarily Stored On Server Printed In TurnPrinted In Turn
Send Output Of A Device To Other ComputersSend Output Of A Device To Other Computers
Personal CommunicationPersonal Communication
EmailEmail
Exchange Over LAN or InternetExchange Over LAN or Internet
Other Popular Network-Based Communications Other Popular Network-Based Communications SystemsSystems TeleconferencingTeleconferencing VideoconferencingVideoconferencing
Easier BackupEasier Backup
Enables managers to back up important Enables managers to back up important data.data.
Administrators commonly back up shared Administrators commonly back up shared data files stored on the server, but may data files stored on the server, but may also use the network to back up files on also use the network to back up files on users’ PCs.users’ PCs.
How It WorksHow It Works
Ways To ConnectWays To Connect
EthernetEthernet
WirelessWireless
Power LinesPower Lines
Phone LinesPhone Lines
Walking Diskettes Back & ForthWalking Diskettes Back & Forth
Ethernet Network HardwareEthernet Network Hardware
2 Or More Network Interface Cards (NIC)2 Or More Network Interface Cards (NIC)
CablesCables
RoutersRouters
BridgesBridges
HubsHubs
Ethernet Hardware PicturesEthernet Hardware Pictures
How Ethernet Networking WorksHow Ethernet Networking Works
Ethernet Pros & ConsEthernet Pros & Cons
AdvantagesAdvantagesFastest TechnologyFastest TechnologyInexpensive If PCs Are Inexpensive If PCs Are Close To One AnotherClose To One AnotherExtremely ReliableExtremely ReliableEasy To Maintain After Easy To Maintain After SetupSetupVirtually Unlimited Virtually Unlimited Number Of Devices Can Number Of Devices Can Be ConnectedBe ConnectedGreat Deal Of Tech Great Deal Of Tech Support & Information Support & Information AvailableAvailable
DisadvantagesDisadvantagesAdditional Equipment Additional Equipment Needed If More Than 2 Needed If More Than 2 PCsPCsExpensive If Wiring & Expensive If Wiring & Jacks Need To Be Jacks Need To Be InstalledInstalledSetup & Configuration Setup & Configuration Can Be DifficultCan Be DifficultTechnical Jargon & Technical Jargon & Number Of Options Can Number Of Options Can Be ConfusingBe Confusing
Power Line Network HardwarePower Line Network Hardware
Electrical OutletElectrical Outlet
Power Line TechnologyPower Line Technology IntellonIntellon
PowerPacketPowerPacket IntelogisIntelogis
PassportPassport Wall OutletWall Outlet
Power Line Hardware PicturesPower Line Hardware Pictures
How Power Line Networking WorksHow Power Line Networking Works
IntellonIntellon Orthogonal Frequency Division MultiplexingOrthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
Available Frequencies Split Into 84 CarriersAvailable Frequencies Split Into 84 Carriers
Send Packets SimultaneouslySend Packets Simultaneously
Noise Or Power SurgeNoise Or Power Surge
IntelogisIntelogis Frequency Shift KeyingFrequency Shift Keying
Uses 2 Frequencies: One For 1s & One For 0sUses 2 Frequencies: One For 1s & One For 0s
Anything Infringes Frequency Disrupts Data FlowAnything Infringes Frequency Disrupts Data Flow
Power Line Pros & ConsPower Line Pros & Cons
AdvantagesAdvantagesNo New WiresNo New WiresInexpensiveInexpensiveSeveral Outlets In Every RoomSeveral Outlets In Every RoomEasy InstallationEasy InstallationPrinter Can Be Physically Printer Can Be Physically ElsewhereElsewhereDoesn’t Require A Card To Be Doesn’t Require A Card To Be Installed In PCInstalled In PC
DisadvantagesDisadvantagesSlower ConnectionSlower ConnectionHome Power Usage Affects Home Power Usage Affects PerformancePerformanceLimits Features Of PrinterLimits Features Of PrinterOnly Windows-Based PCOnly Windows-Based PCUses Large Wall Devices To Uses Large Wall Devices To Access OutletsAccess OutletsOnly Uses 110V LinesOnly Uses 110V LinesData Must Be Encrypted For A Data Must Be Encrypted For A Secure NetworkSecure NetworkOlder Wiring Can Affect Older Wiring Can Affect PerformancePerformance
Phone Line Network HardwarePhone Line Network Hardware
Phone JacksPhone Jacks
Telephone CordsTelephone Cords
HomePNA HardwareHomePNA Hardware
Phone Line Hardware PicturesPhone Line Hardware Pictures
How Phone Line Networking WorksHow Phone Line Networking Works
HomePNA Uses Frequency Division MultiplexingHomePNA Uses Frequency Division Multiplexing PC Data Divided On Separate FrequenciesPC Data Divided On Separate Frequencies FDM Separates Extra Signal Space On Phone Line FDM Separates Extra Signal Space On Phone Line
Into Distinct Channels By Splitting It Into Uniform Into Distinct Channels By Splitting It Into Uniform Chunks Of BandwidthChunks Of Bandwidth
Like Radio StationsLike Radio Stations
Phone Line Pros & ConsPhone Line Pros & Cons
AdvantagesAdvantagesEasy InstallationEasy InstallationInexpensiveInexpensiveStandardizedStandardizedReliableReliableOperates At Constant 10 MbpsOperates At Constant 10 Mbps
(Even With Phone Use)(Even With Phone Use)No Additional Network EquipmentNo Additional Network EquipmentSupports Up To 25 DevicesSupports Up To 25 DevicesFast For Bandwidth-Intensive AppsFast For Bandwidth-Intensive AppsCompatible With Other Networking Compatible With Other Networking TechnologiesTechnologiesWorks On MACs & Older SystemsWorks On MACs & Older Systems
DisadvantagesDisadvantagesPhone Jacks Close To PCPhone Jacks Close To PCMay Have To Run Phone May Have To Run Phone Extension CordsExtension CordsMay Have To Install New WiringMay Have To Install New WiringPhysical Limit Of 1000 Feet Of Physical Limit Of 1000 Feet Of Wiring Between DevicesWiring Between Devices
Wireless Network HardwareWireless Network Hardware
Wireless CardWireless Card
RouterRouter
Access PointAccess Point
Wireless Hardware PicturesWireless Hardware Pictures
How Wireless Networking WorksHow Wireless Networking Works
IEEE 802.11IEEE 802.11Direct Sequence Spread SpectrumDirect Sequence Spread Spectrum
DSSSDSSS
Frequency Hopping Spread SpectrumFrequency Hopping Spread Spectrum FHSSFHSS
HomeRFHomeRFShared Wireless ProtocolShared Wireless Protocol
SWAPSWAP
Wireless Ethernet Compatibility AllianceWireless Ethernet Compatibility Alliance WECAWECA
Wireless FidelityWireless Fidelity Wi-FiWi-Fi
Wireless Pros & Cons (SWAP)Wireless Pros & Cons (SWAP)
AdvantagesAdvantagesInexpensiveInexpensiveEasy InstallationEasy InstallationNo Additional WiresNo Additional WiresNo Access PointNo Access PointAllows Up To 127 Allows Up To 127 DevicesDevicesAllows Multiple Networks Allows Multiple Networks In Same LocationIn Same LocationCan Use Data Encryption Can Use Data Encryption To Increase SecurityTo Increase Security
DisadvantagesDisadvantagesNot Very FastNot Very Fast
1 Mbps1 Mbps
Limited RangeLimited Range 75 to 125 Feet75 to 125 Feet
Not Compatible With Not Compatible With FHSS DevicesFHSS DevicesDifficult To Integrate Into Difficult To Integrate Into Existing Wired NetworksExisting Wired Networks
Wireless Pros & Cons (WIFI)Wireless Pros & Cons (WIFI)
AdvantagesAdvantages
FastFast 11 Mbps11 Mbps
ReliableReliable
Long RangeLong Range 1000 Feet1000 Feet
Easily Integrated Into Easily Integrated Into Existing Wired-Ethernet Existing Wired-Ethernet NetworksNetworks
Compatible With Original Compatible With Original 802.11 DSSS Devices802.11 DSSS Devices
DisadvantagesDisadvantages
ExpensiveExpensive
Can Be Difficult To SetupCan Be Difficult To Setup
Speed Can Fluctuate Speed Can Fluctuate SignificantlySignificantly
Types Of NetworksTypes Of Networks
Local Area Network (LAN)Local Area Network (LAN)
Wide Area Network (WAN)Wide Area Network (WAN)
Peer To PeerPeer To Peer
Client/ServerClient/Server
Network TopologiesNetwork TopologiesBusBus
All devices are connected to a central cable, called the bus or All devices are connected to a central cable, called the bus or backbone.backbone.
StarStar All devices are connected to a central hub. Nodes communicate across All devices are connected to a central hub. Nodes communicate across
the network by passing data through the hub.the network by passing data through the hub.
RingRing All devices are connected directly to two other devices, one on either All devices are connected directly to two other devices, one on either
side of the other, in the shape of a closed loop, or ring.side of the other, in the shape of a closed loop, or ring.
MeshMesh Devices are interconnected to every other node in the network.Devices are interconnected to every other node in the network.
TreeTree A hybrid topology. Groups of star-configured networks are connected to A hybrid topology. Groups of star-configured networks are connected to
a linear bus backbone.a linear bus backbone.
Bus TopologyBus Topology
Star TopologyStar Topology
Ring TopologyRing Topology
Mesh TopologyMesh Topology
Tree TopologyTree Topology
Networking SoftwareNetworking Software
MicrosoftMicrosoft
SolarisSolaris
NovellNovell
SummarySummary
What Is Networking?What Is Networking?
How It WorksHow It Works
Ways To ConnectWays To Connect
Types Of NetworksTypes Of Networks
Network TopologiesNetwork Topologies
Networking SoftwareNetworking Software
SourcesSources
How Stuff WorksHow Stuff Works computer.howstuffworks.comcomputer.howstuffworks.com
QuestionsQuestions