Internet ProtocolInternet Protocol

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Bhupendra Ratha, LecturerBhupendra Ratha, Lecturer

School of Library and Information Science School of Library and Information Science

Devi Ahilya University, IndoreDevi Ahilya University, Indore

Email: Email: bhu261@gmail.combhu261@gmail.com

What is the protocol?What is the protocol?

Protocol is a set of rules that makes Protocol is a set of rules that makes coordination between network system for data coordination between network system for data transmission.transmission.

Types of ProtocolTypes of Protocol

Protocol can be classified on the based of their Protocol can be classified on the based of their functions. Some popular protocols are following;functions. Some popular protocols are following;

TCP/IPTCP/IP FTPFTP SMTPSMTP POP3POP3 HTTPHTTP

IPIP The IP is a connectionless network layer The IP is a connectionless network layer

protocol that provides datagram services and protocol that provides datagram services and IP packets are most commonly referred to as IP packets are most commonly referred to as IP datagram's. IP is a packet switching IP datagram's. IP is a packet switching protocol that performs the addressing and protocol that performs the addressing and route selection.route selection.

IP also performs error checking on the header IP also performs error checking on the header data using a checksum.data using a checksum.

TCPTCP The Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) is an The Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) is an

internetwork connection-oriented protocol the internetwork connection-oriented protocol the corresponds to the OSI transport layer. corresponds to the OSI transport layer.

The main function of TCP control the data The main function of TCP control the data communication process in which identification of IP communication process in which identification of IP address, data checking, transfer in right manner, address, data checking, transfer in right manner, forwarding message in right direction for right forwarding message in right direction for right destination.destination.

TCP maintains a logical connection between the sending TCP maintains a logical connection between the sending and receiving computer systems. TCP detects any and receiving computer systems. TCP detects any problems in the transmission quickly and take some problems in the transmission quickly and take some action to correct them.action to correct them.

FTPFTP

File transfer facilities are usually provided by File transfer facilities are usually provided by a mechanism known as the File Transfer a mechanism known as the File Transfer Protocol (FTP).Protocol (FTP).

FTP is a simple featured that provides facility FTP is a simple featured that provides facility for a record-orientation, a block transfer and for a record-orientation, a block transfer and an image transfer.an image transfer.

To transfer a file, the user invokes the host and To transfer a file, the user invokes the host and FTP utility specifies file name, type and FTP utility specifies file name, type and remote destination.remote destination.

SMTPSMTP A standard application-layer protocol for delivery of A standard application-layer protocol for delivery of

e-mail over a TCP/IP internetwork such as the e-mail over a TCP/IP internetwork such as the internet.internet.

The Simple Mail Transfer Protocol provides a The Simple Mail Transfer Protocol provides a mechanism by which a user can specify a destination mechanism by which a user can specify a destination address, a particular path to follow and a message.address, a particular path to follow and a message.

It is defines the format for messages sent between It is defines the format for messages sent between TCP/IP host on the internet.TCP/IP host on the internet.

It provides a mechanism for forwarding e-mail from It provides a mechanism for forwarding e-mail from one TCP/IP host to another over the internet. one TCP/IP host to another over the internet.

POP 3POP 3 The full name of POP is Post Office Protocol. It The full name of POP is Post Office Protocol. It

is an internet standard protocol for storing and is an internet standard protocol for storing and retrieving message form SMTP hosts.retrieving message form SMTP hosts.

POP3 provides mechanisms for storing messages POP3 provides mechanisms for storing messages sent to each user and received by SMTP mailbox.sent to each user and received by SMTP mailbox.

httphttp

Hypertext Transfer Protocol is a standard protocol Hypertext Transfer Protocol is a standard protocol that specifies the client/server interaction processes that specifies the client/server interaction processes between web browsers such as Microsoft Internet between web browsers such as Microsoft Internet Explorer and Web Servers such as Microsoft Explorer and Web Servers such as Microsoft Information Services.Information Services.

The original http 1.0 is a stateless protocol whereby a The original http 1.0 is a stateless protocol whereby a Web browser forms a connection with a web server, Web browser forms a connection with a web server, download the appropriate file and then terminates the download the appropriate file and then terminates the connection. connection.

The browser usually requests a file using an http. The browser usually requests a file using an http.