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39th IIEE Annual National Conference
Internationalizing EE Programs in the Philippines
Jose B. Cruz, Jr., PhD, PE Academician
National Academy of Science and Technology
of the Philippines
Background
The fields of engineering have no national boundaries and professionals have much greater mobility in recent years.
Each national or political jurisdiction protects its economic security by imposing quality standards on entry level engineering professionals.
Internationalizing EE Programs in the Philippines
(c) 2014 Jose B. Cruz Jr. 2
Background - 2
Various countries and jurisdictions have established mutual recognition agreements to accept each other’s accreditation system for the education of entry-level professionals.
In some situations there are Mutual Recognition Agreements (MRAs) for senior level engineering professionals, but these are predicated on the assumption that they have recognized each other’s accreditation system for engineering education
Internationalizing EE Programs in the Philippines
(c) 2014 Jose B. Cruz Jr. 3
Background -3
These agreements facilitate the movement of professionals across jurisdictional boundaries. One mutual agreement group for engineering is the Washington Accord with 18 signatories, and for computing and information technology, there is the Seoul Accord with 8 signatories. Both accords have accreditation systems that require outcomes-based education. Internationalizing EE Programs in the
Philippines (c) 2014 Jose B. Cruz Jr.
4
Background -4
In the Philippines, the Commission on Higher Education (CHED) regulates the offering of degree programs at the tertiary level.
Internationalizing EE Programs in the Philippines
(c) 2014 Jose B. Cruz Jr. 5
Background -5
On September 11, 2012, the Commission on Higher Education (CHED) issued CHED Memorandum Order (CMO) # 37, Series 2012, Policies, Standard, and Guidelines in the Establishment of an Outcomes-Based Education (OBE) System in Higher Educational Institutions Offering Engineering Programs.
Internationalizing EE Programs in the Philippines
(c) 2014 Jose B. Cruz Jr. 6
Background -6
CMO #37 is keyed to criteria, policies, and procedures of the Philippine Technological Council (PTC), an umbrella organization of professional engineering societies accredited by the Professional Regulation Commission (PRC). IIEE is a member organization of PTC.
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Background -7
On December 11, 2012, CHED issued CMO#46, series 2012, that prescribes policy standards for quality assurance systems of HEIs to be outcomes based.
This includes engineering and information technology education.
Internationalizing EE Programs in the Philippines
(c) 2014 Jose B. Cruz Jr. 8
Elements of Outcomes-Based Education
1 Program Educational Objectives (PEOs) – what graduates are expected to attain a few years after graduation - that are consistent with the HEI mission and needs of the program’s constituents.
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Elements of Outcomes-Based Education -2
2 Student Outcomes (SOs) – skills, knowledge, and behaviors that students acquire by the end of the degree program.
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Elements of Outcomes-Based Education -3
3 Curriculum – set of courses leading to a degree program that enables students to learn subject matter pertaining to the name of the program degree and enables the learning of the student outcomes.
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Elements of Outcomes-Based Education -4
4 Assessment and evaluation of student outcomes and of program educational objectives.
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Elements of Outcomes-Based Education -5
5 Continuous improvement of the program - such as revision of courses, curriculum, laboratories, library acquisitions, based on SO and PEO evaluations.
(c) 2013 Jose B. Cruz Jr. Outcomes Based Education and Accreditation
in Engineering and Computing 13
Outcomes-Based Education
Objectives and
Outcomes Curriculum
Program Improvement
Assessment & Evaluation
Internationalizing EE Programs in the Philippines
(c) 2014 Jose B. Cruz Jr. 14
Outcomes-Based Education
Revise
courses/curriculum/ system
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Establish and periodically
revise program educational
objectives (PEOs)
Establish and periodically
revise student outcomes
(SOs) that support PEOs
Establish curriculum to
achieve SOs
Assess and evaluate PEOs
and SOs
Revise
courses/curriculum/system,
based on evaluations of
PEOs and SOs to improve
program
Philippine accreditation system for outcomes-based engineering programs
PTC is a provisional member of the Washington Accord (signatories or full members, recognize each other’s accreditation system as equivalent to theirs; among the full members are, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Singapore, Australia, New Zealand, all in Asia and the Pacific).
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Has PTC started accrediting programs?
PTC has accredited two programs at Mapua in 2013 (EE and ECE).
PTC has accredited two programs at Batangas State University in 2013 (EE and ECE).
PTC has evaluated several programs in 2014, and many more are scheduled in 2015.
Internationalizing EE Programs in the Philippines
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PTC Engineering Program Accreditation
All PTC Program Evaluators are engineers in the same specific programs, representing their professional societies. All EE program evaluators are members of IIEE.
PTC Accreditation Site Visit Teams include practicing engineers from industry.
Most of the PTC Engineering Criteria are common across all engineering disciplines.
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International Accreditation
US-based ABET accredits engineering and computing programs worldwide.
ABET has accredited 22 engineering programs and 8 computing programs in the Philippines (10 at Mapua Institute of Technology and 20 at the Technological Institute of the Philippines), including the EE programs at Mapua, TIP Manila and TIP Quezon City
Internationalizing EE Programs in the Philippines
(c) 2014 Jose B. Cruz Jr. 19
ABET Engineering Program Accreditation
All ABET Engineering Program Evaluators are engineers in the same specific programs, representing their professional societies. All EE program evaluators are members of IEEE.
ABET Engineering Accreditation Site Visit Teams include practicing engineers from industry.
Most of the ABET Engineering Criteria are common across all engineering disciplines.
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(c) 2014 Jose B. Cruz Jr. 20
Challenges to HEIs
Establishment of PEOs and SOs
Revision of curricula to meet PTC or ABET criteria
Assessment and evaluation of PEOs and SOs
Development of performance indicators and rubrics
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Challenges to HEIs - 2
Upgrading of Laboratories, as needed
Upgrading of Libraries, as needed
Strengthening faculty qualifications
Strengthening student advising
Increasing resources to support programs
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Curricula Revision
Need 32 units of math and science, excluding algebra, advanced algebra, trigonometry, solid mensuration, and analytic geometry.
Physics courses need to be calculus-based.
Culminating major design. Design should incorporate appropriate standards (Philippine Electrical Code, etc.) and multiple realistic constraints (cost, safety, environmental impact, legal, etc.), or design trade-off.
Internationalizing EE Programs in the Philippines
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Student Outcomes are Mandated by CHED and PTC
There are 12 PTC student outcomes common for all engineering programs. What are these student outcomes like?
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(c) 2014 Jose B. Cruz Jr. 24
Student Outcomes The program must have student
outcomes that foster the attainment of
the program educational objectives by
the graduates. The program must
demonstrate that graduates possess the
attributes of the student outcomes by
the time of graduation.
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Criterion 2: SO’s continued Student outcomes are outcomes enumerated as (a)
through (l).
(a) ability to apply knowledge of mathematics
and science to solve engineering problems.
(b) ability to design and conduct experiments, as
well as to analyze and interpret data.
(c) ability to design a system, component, or
process to meet desired needs within realistic
constraints such as economic, environmental,
social, political, ethical, health and safety,
manufacturability, and sustainability, in accordance
with standards.
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Criterion 2: SO’s continued 2 (d) ability to function on multidisciplinary
teams.
(e) ability to identify, formulate, and solve
engineering problems.
(f) understanding of professional and ethical
responsibility.
(g) ability to communicate effectively.
(h) broad education necessary to understand
the impact of engineering solutions in a
global, economic, environmental, and
societal context.
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Criterion 2: SO’s continued 3 (i) recognition of the need for, and an ability to
engage in life-long learning.
(j) knowledge of contemporary issues.
(k) ability to use techniques, skills, and modern
engineering tools necessary for engineering
practice.
(l) knowledge and understanding of
engineering and management principles as
a member and leader in a team, to manage
projects and in multidisciplinary environments.
Internationalizing EE Programs in the
Philippines (c) 2014 Jose B. Cruz Jr.
28
Summary and Recap
For Engineering and ITE programs in HEIs in the Philippines CHED has mandated that these programs should be outcomes-based. This includes electrical engineering.
Internationalizing EE Programs in the Philippines
(c) 2014 Jose B. Cruz Jr. 29
Outcomes-Based Education
Revise courses/curriculum/
system
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(c) 2014 Jose B. Cruz Jr. 30
Establish and periodically
revise program educational
objectives (PEOs)
Establish and periodically
revise student outcomes
(SOs) that support PEOs
Establish curriculum to
achieve SOs
Assess and evaluate PEOs
and SOs
Revise
courses/curriculum/system,
based on evaluations of PEOs
and SOs to improve program
Summary and Recap - 2
PTC has accredited 4 engineering programs in accordance with Washington Accord criteria, including two in electrical engineering.
ABET Engineering Accreditation Commission has accredited 22 engineering programs in the Philippines, including three in electrical engineering.
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Summary and Recap - 3
A number of programs have been evaluated by PTC-ACBET-EAC in 2014.
Several programs are awaiting PTC-ACBET-EAC evaluation in 2015.
There could be a couple of programs awaiting ABET evaluation in 2015.
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Summary and Recap - 4
Large scale conversion of many electrical engineering and other engineering programs to be substantially equivalent with those of signatories to the Washington Accord would be a major contribution to national development.
PTC accreditation leading to Washington Accord recognition would be a major step for positioning engineering graduates to be globally competitive.
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(c) 2014 Jose B. Cruz Jr. 33