International Workshop

International Workshop International Workshop ““Integration of Geospheres in Earth Systems: Modern Integration of Geospheres in Earth Systems: Modern

Queries to Environmental Physics, Modelling, Monitoring Queries to Environmental Physics, Modelling, Monitoring & Education”& Education”

Prof., Academician VALERY BONDURProf., Academician VALERY BONDURProject scientific leaderProject scientific leader

AEROCOSMOS General DirectorAEROCOSMOS General Director

30 April - 3 May 2011 Dubrovnik, Croatia

Education and Science Ministry of the Russian FederationState InstitutionState Institution

Scientific Center for Aerospace MonitoringScientific Center for Aerospace MonitoringAEROCOSMOSAEROCOSMOS

MEGAPOLISIntegration technologies for evaluation of atmospheric pollution

in megacities on regional and global scales based on airspace and ground monitoring for reduction of negative consequences of antropogenic impacts

Russian partnership project complementaryto the European project

MEGAPOLI

BONDUR V.

GENERAL INFORMATION ABOUT MEGAPOLIS PROJECTGENERAL INFORMATION ABOUT MEGAPOLIS PROJECT

MEGAPOLIS missionMEGAPOLIS mission: :

Development of integrated technologies of megacities air-Development of integrated technologies of megacities air-

pollution assessment based on the results of remote pollution assessment based on the results of remote

sensing and in situ monitoring for mitigation purposes.sensing and in situ monitoring for mitigation purposes.

MEGAPOLISMEGAPOLIS is a Russian partnership project is a Russian partnership project

complementary to the European project complementary to the European project MEGAPOLIMEGAPOLI

BONDUR V. 30 April - 3 May 2011 Dubrovnik, Croatia

• To assess impacts of megacities on air pollution and hot-spotshaving an effect on the air quality, local and regional climate with use of technology of remote sensing and in situ monitoring (Moscow Case Study)

• To develop methods, algorithms and software for processing of remote sensing and in situ data from atmosphere monitoring.

• To simulate meteorological regimes and routes of air pollution distribution in the atmosphere

• To produce informational products for air quality assessment in megacities

THE MAIN OBJECTIVES OF THE MEGAPOLIS THE MAIN OBJECTIVES OF THE MEGAPOLIS PROJECTPROJECT


FUNDING OF MEGAPOLISFUNDING OF MEGAPOLIS

• The project is funded by Ministry of Science and Education of the Russian Federation in the scope of the Federal Framework Program “Priority Research and Development in Science and Technology Complex of Russia in 2007-2012. Action 2.7”

• State contract: № 02.527.12.0007• Project duration: 2009-2011

• MEGAPOLIS – partnership project to the European project MEGAPOLIS – partnership project to the European project MEGAPOLIMEGAPOLI


THE LEADINGTHE LEADING ORGANIZATION AND MAIN ACTIVITYORGANIZATION AND MAIN ACTIVITY

State Institution “AEROCOSMOS” Scientific Centre for Aerospace Monitoring under Ministry of Education and Science of Russian Federation and Russian Academy of Sciences

RUSSIAN PARTICIPANTS OF MEGAPOLIS PROJECTRUSSIAN PARTICIPANTS OF MEGAPOLIS PROJECT

1.Metods and technologies of remote sensing data processing for automated analysis of the air quality

2.Metods and technologies of integrated analysis of remote sensing and in situ time series

3.Joint processing methods and technologies of remote sensing and in situ data for the restoration of the atmospheric parameters

4.Software of integrated technologies

5.Collection and processing of remote sensing data

6.Coordination of the activity of the MEGAPOLIS project participants

7.Interaction with Europeans partners


• Modeling and analysis of the spread of pollutants in the atmosphere• Methodology for assessment of meteorological characteristics variation under the influence of megacities

LOMONOSOV MOSCOW STATE UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF GEOGRAPHY

• Collection and processing of time series in situ data • Assessment of environmental comfort Assessment of environmental comfort • Modeling of the meteorological regime and air pollution in megacities Modeling of the meteorological regime and air pollution in megacities

OBUKHOV INSTITUTE OF ATMOSPHERIC PHYSICSRUSSIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES• Processing and analysis of in situ data • Modeling the impact of megacities influence on large scaleModeling the impact of megacities influence on large scale

air pollution formationair pollution formation• Development of methodology for air quality assessment

in metropolitan areas (Moscow case study)

HYDROMETEOROLOGICAL CENTRE OF RUSSIA UNDER FEDERAL SERVICE FOR HYDROMETEOROLOGYAND ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING

PARTICIPANTS AND THEIR ACTIVITYPARTICIPANTS AND THEIR ACTIVITY


DATABASE developmentDATABASE development::• remote sensing and in situ remote sensing and in situ

datadata;;• data processing;data processing;• modeling resultsmodeling results

MEGAPOLIS PROJECT STRUCTURE ANDMEGAPOLIS PROJECT STRUCTURE AND WORK INTEGRATIONWORK INTEGRATION

TECHNOLOGYTECHNOLOGY of Remote Sensing of Remote Sensing Data ProcessingData Processing

TECHNOLOGYTECHNOLOGY of Integrated Analysisof Integrated Analysis of of Time Series Remote Sensing and In-situ Time Series Remote Sensing and In-situ

DataData

STORAGE of the data and STORAGE of the data and USER ACCESS to the ResultsUSER ACCESS to the Results

AIR QUALITY ASSESSMENT in Megacities AIR QUALITY ASSESSMENT in Megacities Under the Influence of Natural and Anthropogenic FactorsUnder the Influence of Natural and Anthropogenic Factors

INTEGRATION with MEGAPOLI project resultsINTEGRATION with MEGAPOLI project results

TOOLS AND TOOLS AND RECOMMENDATIONS RECOMMENDATIONS

for Air Quality Assessmentfor Air Quality Assessment

MEGACITY MEGACITY CASE STUDYCASE STUDY

((MoscowMoscow))


There were arranged data such as temperature, humidity, pressure, concentration of ozone, nitrogen oxide, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, total hydrocarbons, PM 10.

MSU and IFA RAS Ecological Station Data for the gases impurities in the surface atmosphere layer (Moscow, Vorobevy Hills) Temperature profiles of the atmospheric

boundary layer MODIS data

Temperature in the lower 600m layer Microwave device measurement (МТP-5) Moscow city center

12.01.2010 11:50

Расстояние, м180 000160 000140 000120 000100 00080 00060 00040 00020 0000

Тем

пера

тура

, Гра

дусы

Цел

ьсия

-7

-8

-9

-10

-11

-12

-13

-14

-15

1000 гПа950 гПа920 гПа850 гПа

11.01.2010 22:20

Расстояние, м150 000100 00050 0000

Те

мп

ер

атур

а, Г

ра

дусы

Це

льси

я -6

-7

-8

-9

-10

-11

-12

-13

-14

-15

-16

-17

1000 гПа950 гПа920 гПа850 гПа

11.01.2010 22:20

Расстояние, м150 000100 00050 0000

Те

мп

ер

атур

а, Г

ра

дусы

Це

льси

я -6

-7

-8

-9

-10

-11

-12

-13

-14

-15

-16

-17

COLLECTION AND PROCESSING OF IN SITU AND REMOTE SENSING DATA FOR MOSCOW AGGLOMERATION


The new information on the pollutant concentrations distribution over Moscow and Moscow agglomeration was derived.

For total hydrocarbons, ozone, sulfur dioxide, Pm10 there is no connection between the impurity concentration and distance from the sources of pollution.

Pm10 is lower in winter than in summer - snow cover prevents the emission of dust particles- the predominance of advection fromthe northern regions, where the values of aerosol optical depth are small

Nitrogen oxides

- due to lower photochemical activity in the cold period the destruction of nitrogen dioxide is slower

The relative difference in concentrations of various contaminants measured in warm and cold period 2008(Mosekomonitoring data)

STATISTICAL ANALYSISOF AIR POLLUTANTS DISTRIBUTION OVER MOSCOW


REMOTE SENSING DATA ANALYSIS OF MEGACITY SURFACE CHARACTERISTICS

Spatial database of land surface characteristics for Moscow based on satellite images of different resolution and large-scale cartographic data has been developed.

Three-dimensional model (3D) derived from high resolution stereo data (GeoEye-1)

Characteristics of Moscow built-up area (cartographic data)

Height of buildings, m


During the case study there were derived the integral characteristics of the underlying surface based on the high resolution remote sensing data.

The results of automated processing of radar image (TerraSAR-X satellite)

Integral characteristics of the test site (GeoEye-1 satellite)

REMOTE SENSING DATA ANALYSIS OF MEGACITY SURFACE CHARACTERISTICS

Water objectsVegetationMetallic surface objectsNonmetallic surface object

RoadsIndustrial zoneWaterVegetationBuild-up area


FOREST FIRE MONITORING BY NEAR REAL TIME FOREST FIRE MONITORING BY NEAR REAL TIME REMOTE SENSING OF EUROPEAN PART OF RUSSIA REMOTE SENSING OF EUROPEAN PART OF RUSSIA

IN 2010IN 2010


BLOCK DIAGRAM OF FIRE MONITORING WITH USING OF REMOTE SENSING IN «AEROCOSMOS»

SATELLITES

OBJECTS OF MONITORING

ANOMALOUS HOT POINTS (FIRES),

SMOKE PLUMES

RECEIVING OF REMOTE SENSING DATA

Moscow, Krasnoyarsk, Vladivostok (Magadan)

DATACOLLECTION

INITIAL DATA FORMATION

space images received in visible and infrared ranges

IMAGE PROCESSING- calibration and georeferencing;- calculation of hot point (fires) mask and its vectorization; - calculation of cloud mask;- deriving of true color swath images; - overlapping of the fire hot points layer and object of interest layer; - compression of files

PROCESSING RESULTS DATA TRANSMISSION

FTP-SERVER

DATABASE

USERSCUSTOMER

SITUATIONAL ANALYTICAL

CENTER


* Bondur V. Vestnik ONZ RAN, 2010; Rossiiskii Kosmos, №12, 2010; Issledovznie Zemli iz Kosmosa, №3, 2011

WILDFIRES IN RUSSIA. SUMMER 2010Areas covered by firesfrom June till August, 2010

European part of Russia

Moscow Region Number of fires in European part of Russia in 2010 by months, %

Differences between temperature in July, 2010and average temperature in July (2002–2009)


Lat

itu

de

Longitude


FIRE STATISTICS IN RUSSIA AND CIS IN 2010


NEAR REAL TIME FIRE MONITORING BY «AEROCOSMOS» SYSTEM

Fragments



FORECASTING OF FIRE SPREAD DEPENDING ON WEATHER CONDITIONS

12:00 MSDWind Speed: 20 m/s

Wind Direction: south-southwest

Point Aeroport distance, km



FIRE ESCALATION NEAR NOVOVORONEZH NUCLEAR POWER PLANT ON JULY, 29, 2010

12 h 09 min. 13 h. 58 min.



FIRE MONITORING NEAR FEDERAL NUCLEAR CENTER (SAROV) ON AUGUST, 11, 2010


* Bondur V. Vestnik ONZ RAN, 2010; Rossiiskii Kosmos,№12, 2010; Issledovznie Zemli iz Kosmosa, №3, 2011

FIRES IN THE CENTRAL PART OF RUSSIA (JULY, 26, 2010)

Fire plume

distribution

Fires in the central Russia, July, 26, 2010 (11:38 msd)



Distribution of carbon monoxide concentration on August, 15, 2010, satellite AQUA (equipment AIRS)

CO emissions from June, 1 till August, 31, 2010 («AEROCOSMOS» data)

European part of Russia

Moscow region

ASSESSMENT OF CARBON MONOXIDE (CO) EMISSION BASED ON REMOTE SENSING DATA

CO

Em

issi

on V

olu

me,

th

ousa

nd

ton

C

O E

mis

sion

Vol

um

e, t

hou

san

d t

on



Bondur V. Vestnik ONZ RAN, 2010; Rossiiskii Kosmos, №12, 2010; Issledovznie Zemli iz Kosmosa, №3, 2011

REMOTE SENSING AND IN SITU MONITORING OF FIRES OVER EUROPEAN PART OF THE RUSSIA (2010)

Areas of wild fires on the European part of Russia by MODIS remote sensing data for summer period of 2010

Average daily concentration of CO, СО2, О3, NO, NO2, CH4, NMHC, SO2 and average daily MPC in summer 2010, Moscow accordingto in situ data


Developed an improved approach to assess the air pollution of major cities:

•takes into account the diversity of pollution sources

•allows sharing of in situ and remote data

•allows to choose a representative time span for collecting baseline

data and a minimal set of measured components

18.0

6

25.0

6

02.0

7

09.0

7

16.0

7

23.0

7

30.0

7

06.0

8

13.0

8

050

100150200250300350400450500

CA

QI

NO 2

O 3

PM 10

0-25 Very Low26-50 Low51-75 Medium76-100 High>100 Very High

For Moscow the most significant is the concentration levels of PM10 and NO2.

Taking into account concentration of O3, CO and SO2, and others does not lead to a fundamental change in the characteristics of pollution. They should be considered in emergency situations.

A comprehensive index of atmospheric pollutioncalculated according to the NO2, O3, PM10 concentrations (MSU ecological station, 18.06 – 18.08.2010)

METHOLOGY OF AIR POLLUTION ASSESSMENT


There were developed methodology and algorithmic support of integrated

technologies for modeling the emission of pollutants in the atmosphere of

large cities and metropolitan areas based on the use of different scale

atmospheric models:

• global spectral model of Hydrometeorological

Center of Russia

• regional models RAMS

• model COSMO-RU7

• model COSMO-RU2.8

• chemical block of COSMO-ART model

• chemical transport models HYPACT

and CAMx

MODELING OF METEOROLOGICAL REGIME AND POLLUTANTS EMISSION IN THE ATMOSPHERE


EVALUATION OF THE REGIONAL AND GLOBAL TRANSFER CONTRIBUTION IN OBSERVED SURFACE CONCENTRATIONS

OF CO IN MOSCOW (NUMERICAL EXPERIMENTS WITH RAMS AND CMAQ MODELS)

The relative contribution of the global atmospheric circulation in the observed concentrations of CO in Moscow on average for 2007 was 21.2 ± 7.9% (20 - 35% in winter and 10 - 16% in summer).

Contribution of climate-important sources of carbon monoxide in the observed average monthly (a)

and average daily (b) concentration of CO in Moscow IFA RAS data)

(а) (б)

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12Месяц

CO

(ppb

)

Вклад Московского метаполисаРегиональные источники (Россия)Региональные источники (Западная Европа)Глобальная циркуляция

Moscow contributionRegional sources (Russia)Regional sources (Europe)Global circulation

Month

Moscow local measurementTranscontinental transferContinental sourcesTransfer from Western EuropeTotal contribution for Moscow

Month


Functional diagram of integrated technologies

Сбор данных

Технология комплексного анализа временных серий аэрокосмических и наземных данных

Сервер Гидрометцентра России

Технология обработки данных дистанционного мониторинга

Формирование базовых информационных продуктов по дистанционным данным

Сбор данных дистанционных наблюдений

Региональное моделирование

экологического состояния мегаполисов

AURA

Калиброванные и географически привязанные

данные

Карты распределения

измеряемых характеристик

Ареалы распространения загрязнений

Безоблачные композитные изображения

MetOp-A Envisat TERRAМетеор-М №1 AQUA

SCIAMACHYOMI

TES

О3

CO2

N2O

CO

CH4

SO2

NO2

MODIS AVHRR

EO-1Landsat 5-7 WorldView-1 GeoEye-1 Spot 5

Аэрозоль

Температура атмосферы

Влажность

Осадки

NOAA

TM/ETMETM+

MLS

IASI МТВЗА AIRS/HSB/

AMSU

ASTER

Hyperion

ALOS

AVNIR-2

PRIZM

WV60 HRG, HRS

МСУ-МР

Формирование тематических информационных продуктов, по результатам совместного

комплексного анализа дистанционных и наземных данных наблюдений для оценки состояния и

динамики изменения воздушной среды

AIRS Стандартные информационные продукты получаемые через интернет

ASTER Космические изображения получаемые через интернет или на твердых носителях

MODIS Космические изображения получаемые на станцию приема

МТВЗА Перспективные данные

Предварительная обработка наземных

данных

Средства наземного мониторинга

Комплексный анализ данных

Визуализация и предоставление потребителям доступа к данным

MOPITT

AMSR-E

GIS

Пользователи Получение данных на CD/DVD носителях

Оперативный прием данных на антенные комплексы

Получение данных через FTP серверы

Хранение и управление данными наземных и дистанционных наблюденийБаза данных наземных и дистанционных наблюдений

Обработка информационных продуктов

Космические аппараты

Аппаратура ДЗЗ

И н ф о р м а ц и о н н ы е п р о д у к т ы

Технология обработки данных дистанционного мониторинга

Технология комплексного анализа временных серий данных

База данных наземных и дистанционных наблюдений

Оценка качества воздуха и окружающей

среды

Глобальное и региональное

моделирование характеристик

атмосферного воздуха

Локальное моделирование

метеопараметров и распространения

загрязнений

Региональное моделирование воздействия крупных городов

на образование крупномасштабных

загрязнений воздуха

Статистический анализ данных

наблюдений

Интерполяция на регулярную сетку

Давление

Температура

О3

CO2

NO

CO

CHх

SO2

NO2

РМ10

Давление

Скорость ветра

Обработка исходных космических данных

Сбор данных наземных наблюдений

Средства дистанционного зондирования Земли

И с х о д н ы е к о с м и ч е с к и е д а н н ы е

К о с м и ч е с к и е д а н н ы е

Наземные данные

CALIPSO

CALIOP

Means for the Earth remote sensing

R e m o t e S e n s i n g D a t a

I n i t i a l R e m o t e S e n s i n g D a t a

In situ monitoring means

In situ data

Temperature

Pressure

Wind Speed

I n f o r m a t i o n a l p r o d u c t s

Data Collection

In situ data collection

Remote sensingdata collection

In situ and remote sensing data storage and management. In situ and remote sensing database

Technology of Remote Sensing Data Processing

Informational Products Processing Initial Remote Sensing Data Processing

Basic Informational Product Formation based on Remote Sensing Data

Statistical analysis of

monitoring data

Preliminary processing

of in situ data

Interpolation on

regular grid Maps

of observed characteristics

Cloudless image composites

Maps of pollution emission

Calibrated and georeferenced remote sensing data

Quality assessment of air and environment

Local modeling of meteoparameters

and pollutant emission

Global and regional modeling of atmosphere

characteristics

Regional modeling of megacity environment

Regional modeling of megacities influence on

large-scale pollution formation

Technology of integrated analysis of remote sensing and in situ data time series

Formation of informational products based on joint integrated analysis of remote sensing and

in situ data for condition evaluation and dynamics in air changes

Integrated data analysis


Visualization and end-user access to the data

DELIVERABLES

Software development for:

• collection and storage of remote sensing and in situ data and the results of their processing.

• remote sensing and in situ data processing.

• remote sensing and in situ data analysis and process simulation.

• visualization and end-user access to the data.

Development of methodology and recommendation on air quality assessment for megacities.

Creation of database of remote sensing data, results of in situ observation and simulation.


NO2 concentration over European part of Russia, OMI data

24-25 September 2009 Copenhagen. 1st annual meeting with Russian participants of MEGAPOLIS. Signed basic documents on cooperation.

27 October 2009 Moscow. Meeting of the EU-Russia Working Group on Environment Research was held in Moscow.

19 March 2010 Moscow, «AEROCOSMOS». Meeting of project scientific leader of MEGAPOLIS academician Valery Bondur and coordinator of the MEGAPOLI project prof. Baklanov A.

Open partnership project papers were used for the integrated technologies. development.

10-11 November 2009 Moscow. At the International scientific-practical conference "Global climate change and the mechanisms of adaptation" were made reports by Russian and European participants of partnership projects.

MEGAPOLIS — PARTNERSHIP PROJECT TO MEGAPOLI

Leaders and participants of MEGAPOLIS/MEGAPOLI projects



RUSSIAN AND EUROPEAN PARTICIPANTS INTEGRATION IN PROJECTS MEGAPOLIS/MEGAPOLI

Copenhagen, 2009


Moscow2009, 2010

RUSSIAN AND EUROPEAN PARTICIPANTS INTEGRATION IN PROJECTS MEGAPOLIS/MEGAPOLI


WORKSHOP AT «AEROCOSMOS». MEGAPOLIS PROJECT PROGRESS AND RESULTS DISCUSSION


WORKSHOP AT «AEROCOSMOS». MEGAPOLIS PROJECT PROGRESS AND RESULTS DISCUSSION

THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION!

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