International Tropical Islands Water Conference

International Tropical Islands Water ConferenceTROPICAL ISLAND WATER FUTURES:WATER FOR PEOPLE AND ECOSYSTEMS IN THE FACE OF CHANGE

Honolulu, Hawai‘i

ORGANIZED BYWater Resources Research Center

University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa

Hawai‘i EPSCoR ‘Ike WaiUniversity of Hawai‘i at Mānoa

COLLABORATION WITHWater Environmental Research Institute of the Western Pacific

University of Guam

Virgin Islands Water Resources Research InstituteUniversity of Virgin Islands

Water Resources Research Act Program United States Geological Survey

A p r i l 1 2 – 1 5 , 2 0 2 1

Program

FOREWARDAloha Colleagues and Friends,

Welcome to the first International Tropical Islands Water Conference! While we would love to see all of you in person here in Hawai‘i, we are happy to have you join us virtually for this event. This confer-ence is hosted by the Water Resources Research Center (WRRC, Hawai‘i) and the Hawai‘i EPSCoR ‘Ike Wai Project at the University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa, in collaboration with our partner water centers: the Water and Environmental Research Institute of the Western Pacific at the University of Guam, and the Virgin Islands Water Resources Research Institute at the University of the Virgin Islands.

Water-related problems are experienced by communities on tropical islands around the globe. For the first time, this conference is open to more than just the U.S.-based tropical island water centers. Our conference is truly international, with nine countries represented among the presenters. We also have broad representation from scientists, resource managers, and practitioners. Our hope is that this meet-ing will help establish new connections and nurture existing ones.

The conference Technical Committee has worked hard to develop the thematic content and organize and prepare for this conference. We are pleased to have received over 140 abstracts and are near our capacity of 300 people for this virtual event.

We have an exciting line up of plenary speakers and panelists, and paper presentations, starting with our distinguished keynote speakers, Hannah Kihalani Springer and Kapu‘ala Sproat, who will provide Indigenous Hawaiian perspectives from their homes in Ka‘ūpūlehu, North Kona, Hawai‘i Island, and Kalihiwai, Kaua‘i, respectively.

Mahalo for participating in our conference. We are thrilled to have you and look forward to four days of stimulating presentations and discussions.

Tom GiambellucaWRRC, Director

ORGANIZATIONS 2021 International Tropical Islands Water Conference

Water Resources Research CenterUniversity of Hawai‘i at Mānoa

EPSCoR Hawai‘iUniversity of Hawai‘i at Mānoa

‘Ike WaiUniversity of Hawai‘i at Mānoa

University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa

Water and Environmental Research Institute of the Western Pacific

University of Guam

Water Resources Research Institute

University of the Virgin Islands

Water Resource Research Act Program

United States Geological Survey

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTSCONFERENCE ORGANIZED BYWater Resources Research CenterUniversity of Hawai‘i at Mānoahttps://www.wrrc.hawaii.edu/

Hawai‘i EPSCoR ‘Ike WaiUniversity of Hawai‘i at Mānoahttp://www.hawaii.edu/epscor/

CONFERENCE COLLABORATORSWater Environmental Research Institute of the Western PacificUniversity of Guamhttps://weri.uog.edu/

Virgin Islands Water Resources Research InstituteUniversity of Virgin Islandshttps://www.uvi.edu/research/water-resources-research-institute/default.aspx

Water Resources Research Act Program United States Geological Surveyhttps://www.usgs.gov/water-resources/water-resources-research-act-program

FEATURED SPEAKERSThomas Giambelluca WRRC, UHM

President David Lassner University of Hawai‘i

President David Hall University of the Virgin Islands

President Thomas Krise University of Guam

Hannah Kihalani Springer Kua ‘Āina Ulu ‘Auamo

Professor Kapua‘ala SproatWilliam S. Richardson School of Law, UHM

Christin ReynoldsOne World, One Water

Dana OkanoHawai‘i Community Foundation

Barry UsagawaHonolulu Board of Water Supply

TECHNICAL COMMITTEEThomas GiambellucaWRRC, UHM

Leah BremerWRRC and University of Hawai‘i Economic Research Organization, UHM

Christopher ShulerWRRC, UHM

Niels GrobbeWRRC, UHM

Michelle ChoeInformation Technology Services, UHM

Henrietta DulaiEarth Sciences and WRRC, UHM

Maria DumanlangInformation Technology Services, UHM

Aly El-KadiEarth Sciences and WRRC, UHM

Earl GreeneUnited States Geological Survey

Barbara GuiebWRRC, UHM

Kristin Wilson GrimesUniversity of the Virgin Islands

Perrine HamelNanyang Technical University, Asian School of the Environment

Patricia HirakawaWRRC, UHM

Aurora Kagawa-VivianiHawai‘i Cooperative Studies Unit, University of Hawai‘i – Hilo and WRRC, UHM

April KamWRRC, UHM

Delwyn OkiUSGS Pacific Islands Water Science Center

Kelley Anderson TagarinoAmerican Samoa Community College and Hawai‘i Sea Grant

Kā‘eo DuarteKamehameha Schools

Fidel AguilaAmerican Samoa Power Authority

Keithroy HallidayBarbados Water Authority

Miguel BordallGuam Waterworks Authority

Jeff PearsonCounty of Maui Dept. of Water Supply

Shilpa Alva Surge for Water

Mere Jane SawailuRISE Project, Suva, Fiji

Sean ConnellyFounding board member of Protect Our Ala Wai Watershed

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TECHNICAL ASSISTANTSHonour Booth Becca LensingKelly Hwang Kelsey NicholsLauren Katayama Cuong TranRayce Kojiro

Abbreviations:CEE Civil and Environmental EngineeringNREM Natural Resources and Environmental ManagementUHM University of Hawai‘i at MānoaUOG University of GuamUSGS United States Geological SurveyWERI Water Environmental Research Institute of the Western Pacific University of GuamWRRC Water Resources Research Center

VIRTUAL FIELD TRIPS BY• Sasha Helfner (Dept. of Geography & Environment,

UHM)

• John K. DeLay, PhD (Honolulu Community College)

• Dept. of Land and Natural Resources – Division of Forestry and Wildlife (DOFAW); Pacific Birds Habitat Joint Venture (PBHJV); and National Tropical Botanical Garden (NTBG)

• Mālama Hulē‘ia Staff: Sara Bowen, Peleke Flores, Christopher Ka‘iakapu, and Tiele-Lauren Doudt (narra-tor)

• Liat Portner (Dept. of Geography & Environment, UHM)

• Michael G. Buck

• Maria Jhonnie Villareal (WERI, UOG)

• Pacific Islands Climate Adaptation Science Center

• Pōmaika‘i Kaniaupio-Crozier, Kainoa Pestana, Kaliko Storer, Pono Murray, Malia Davidson, Steven McCabe, Kaimana Casco-DeLeon, Keali‘i Ka‘aikala, Herb & Dee Coyle (Photographers), and Ekela Kaniaupio-Crozier (narrator)

• John Jenson (WERI, UOG), Dr. Danko Toborosi (iREi Director), Chris Yeo (WERI, UOG), and Global Learning and Engagement of UOG

• Voice of the Sea (Hawai‘i Sea Grant, UHM)

TECHNICAL COMMITTEE – continuedJosé Virgílio de Matos Figueira CruzUniversity of the Azores

Chris YeoUOG

SESSION CHAIRSDenise AntoliniWilliam S. Richardson School of Law, UHM

Henrietta DulaiEarth Sciences and WRRC, UHM

Aly El-KadiEarth Sciences and WRRC, UHM

Kim FalinskiWRRC, UHM

Earl GreeneUSGS

Kristin Wilson GrimesUniversity of the Virgin Islands

Chris YeoUOG

Perrine HamelNanyang Technical University, Asian School of the Environment

Aurora Kagawa-VivianiHawai‘i Cooperative Studies Unit, UH – Hilo and WRRC, UHM

Marek KirsWRRC, UHM

Harry LeeWRRC and CEE, UHM

Michael MezzacapoWRRC and Hawai‘i Sea Grant, UHM

Kirsten OlesonWRRC and NREM, UHM

PROGRAM (Presentations are subject to change)

MONDAY, APRIL 12, 2021Webinar Room 111:00 - 1:00 Welcome and Introduction – Thomas Giambelluca, WRRC, University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa – President David Lassner, University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa – President Thomas Krise, University of Guam – President David Hall, University of the Virgin Islands – Plenary: Hannah Kihalani Springer, Kua ‘Āina Ulu ‘Auamo – Plenary: Professor Kapua‘ala Sproat, William S. Richardson School, UHM

Meeting logistics and instructions for moving to breakout sessions

Breakout Room 1 • Hydrogeology, Session 1

1:00 – 1:15 Treading Where Ground Geophysics Can’t Venture—The Use of Airborne Geophysics to Characterise Remote Groundwater Systems in Contrasting Tropical Island Settings in Northern Australia – Tim Munday, Andrew Taylor, Camilla Sørensen, Kevin Cahill, Shane Mule, Phil Jolley, Eddie Banks, Luren Houthuysen, and Jo Ellis1:15 – 1:30 New Insights on the Nature of the Schofield Groundwater System from Self-Potential and Seismic Ambient Noise Data (O‘ahu, Hawai‘i) – Stéphanie Barde-Cabusson, Niels Grobbe, Aurélien Mordret, Daniel Dores, Nicole Lautze, John Sinton, and Erin Wallin1:30 – 1:45 Hydrogeological Functioning of Two Tropical Volcanic Islands Revealed by Helicopter-Borne Electromag netic Survey: Mayotte (Indian Ocean) and Martinique (Caribbean Island) – Benoit Vittecoq, Sophie Violette, and Pierre-Alexandre Reninger1:45 – 2:00 Applicability of the Continuum Approach for Modeling Flow and Transport in Fractured-Porous Media Systems – Aly El-Kadi and Gerardo Barrera Giro

Breakout Room 2 • Climate Change, Drought, and Water Resources

1:00 – 1:15 Drought and Hawai‘i Land Management: Challenges, Lessons Learned, and Information Needs – Melissa Kunz, Abby Frazier, Christian P. Giardina, Victoria Keener, Ryan Longman, and Kirsten Oleson 1:15 – 1:30 How Will Climate Change Affect Residential Water Demand? Evidence from Hawai‘i Microclimates – Nathan John DeMaagd and Michael J. Roberts1:30 – 1:45 USVI Drought Research Irrigation Project and Its Impact Territory-Wide – Christina M. Chanes, David C. Morris, Stanley Latesky, Norton Brice Orange, and Gregory Guannel1:45 – 2:00 The Pacific Drought Knowledge Exchange – Abby G. Frazier, Christian P. Giardina, and Ryan J. Longman

Breakout Room 3 • Focus on the Caribbean

1:00 – 1:12 Basin Management for Water Replenishment – Carlos Garcia1:12 – 1:24 Contribution of Water Funds to Water Security in Caribbean Islands – Francisco Nuñez and Donna Blake1:24 – 1:36 Design and Assessment of a Domestic Wastewater Treatment System Based on a Constructed Wetland with Subsurface Flow in Jarabacoa, Dominican Republic – Enmanuel Vargas Sánchez, Yvelisse Pérez, Daniel García-Cortés, Ulises Jáuregui-Haza, Williams Hernández, and Humberto Checo1:36 – 1:48 Wastewater Management in the Caribbean: An Opportunity Analysis – Adam Snyder, Anna-Cherice Ebanks- Chin, Amrita Mahabir, Carlos Garcia, and Maxene Atis1:48 – 2:00 But First, Wastewater: Addressing the Unspoken Problem of Ocean Sewage Pollution – Stephanie Wear

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PROGRAMMONDAY, APRIL 12, 2021 — continued

Breakout Room 4 • Watershed Partnerships

1:00 – 2:00 Panel Discussion: Colleen Cole (Three Mountain Alliance), Yumi Miyata (Waianae Mountains Watershed Partnership), Andrea Buckman (Leeward Haleakala Watershed Restoration Partnership), and Dan Eisenberg (East Maui Watershed Partnership)

Breakout Room 1 • Hydrologic Modeling, Session 1

2:00 – 2:15 Monitoring for Hidden Water Balance Components in Tropical Islands – Alix Toulier, Claudine Ah-Peng, Pierre Staménoff, Yoan Benoit, Quentin Nifaut, and Jean-Lambert Join2:15 – 2:30 Using Mathematical Optimization to Manage and Value Land-Water Ecosystem Services and Invasive Species in Hawai‘i Island, USA – Adrián Pascual, Christian P. Giardina, Nicholas A. Povak, Paul F. Hessburg, and Gregory P. Asner2:30 – 2:45 Development of a New Distributed Runoff Model for Mountain Forest Watersheds Considering Unsaturated Vertical Flow in Soil and Bedrock Groundwater: K-BLADE Model – Toshiaki Kameyama, Tomo’omi Kumagai, Tomohiro Egusa, and Hiroki Momiyama2:45 – 3:00 Rainfall Impact on the Hydrological Response of Two Small Catchments in the Tropical Island of Tahiti Located in the South Pacific – Garance Tanguy, Lydie Sichoix, and Christophe Bouvier

Breakout Room 2 • Community Perspectives on Watershed Factors Affecting Water Quality in the Kapo‘o Tidepools, Pūpūkea Marine Life Conservation District, North Shore, O‘ahu

2:00 – 2:15 Understanding Water Quality is Key to Community-Based Management – Denise E. Antolini, Marvin Heskett, Robert Walker, and Jenny Yagodich2:15 – 2:30 Integrating a Citizen Science Approach to Gather Meaningful Data in Support of Watershed Management – Marvin Heskett, Robert Walker, and Jenny Yagodich2:30 – 2:45 Identification of Submarine Groundwater Discharge in the Kapo‘o Tidepools – Robert Walker, Kosta Stamoulis, and Benjamin Duncan2:45 – 3:00 Kilo as a Key to Community Understanding of Water Quality Issues – Jenny Yagodich, Denise E. Antolini, Marvin Heskett, and Robert Walker

Breakout Room 3 • Ridge-to-Reef Watershed Management, Session 1

2:00 – 2:15 Here’s the Dirt: Sedimentation Effects on Coral Microbiomes – Justin Berg and Bastian Bentlage2:15 – 2:30 A Rapid Spatial Sampling Design for Ridge-to-Reef Water Quality Monitoring in Pacific SIDS: Identifying pH Hotspots Along the Ba River in Fiji – Nicholas Metherall, Elisabeth Holland, Sara Beavis, and Adi Mere Dralolo Vinaka2:30 – 2:45 A Watershed-Based Framework to Assess and Prioritize Local Stressors on Guam’s Coral Reefs – Dalia Xochitl Hernandez-Ortiz, Fran Castro, Javier Cuetos-Bueno, and Peter Houk2:45 – 3:00 Surface Hydrology of the Northern Guam Lens Aquifer – Nathan C. Habana, Leroy F. Heitz, and John W. Jenson

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TUESDAY, APRIL 13, 2021Webinar Room 111:00 – 12:00 Plenary Panel: Hawai‘i Fresh Water Initiative — From Vision to Implementaion Christin Reynolds (One World, One Water), Dana Okano (Hawai‘i Community Foundation), Barry Usagawa (Honolulu Board of Water Supply), and Kā‘eo Duarte (Kamehameha Schools) Breakout Room 1 • Hydrologic Modeling, Session 2

12:00 – 12:15 The Hawai‘i Groundwater Recharge Tool – Kolja Rotzoll, Scot K. Izuka, Jared McLean, and Sean Cleveland12:15 – 12:30 GIS-Based Analysis of Hydrological Features in the Finegayan Area, Guam, USA – Yuming Wen, John Jenson, Nathan Habana, and Kaylyn Bautista12:30 – 12:45 Quantifying Consequences that Limit Availability of Fresh Groundwater from Island Aquifers – Scot K. Izuka and Kolja Rotzoll12:45 – 1:00 Advancing Tools to Understand and Adapt to Hydroclimatic Variability and Change in Hawai‘i – Andrew Newman, Naoki Mizukami, Ryan Longman, Lulin Xue, Martyn Clark, Joe Hamman, Ethan Gutmann, Andrew Wood, Thomas Giambelluca, and Jeffrey Arnold

Breakout Room 2 • Education and Outreach, Session 1

12:00 – 12:15 The Future of Water Education: Virtual Platform for Engaging People in Tropical Island Ecosystems in the Face of Change. Ka wai ola—Water is Life – Derek Esibill and Lisa Hinano Rey12:15 – 12:30 Water Heroes: Enhancing Water Quality Education in the USVI – Howard Forbes Jr., Jarvon Stout, Alexys Long, and Zola Roper12:30 – 12:45 A Professional Development Model for STEM Teachers: PLCs for Connecting Ridge to Reef Research to the Classroom – Nadia Monrose Mills and Christopher Plyley12:45 – 1:00 SEAS Islands Alliance: Broadening Participation in the Geosciences in the U.S. Virgin Islands, Puerto Rico, and Guam through Pathway Programming and Island Networks – Kristin Wilson Grimes, Michael Allen, Maria Barberena-Arias, Allison Black-Maier, Iliana Baums, Jonathan Boxerman, Marilyn Brandt, Else Demeulenaere, Lora Harris, Rodney Hopson, Roberto Iglesias-Prieto, Pedro Maldonado, Keshia Martin, Monica Medina, Sharon Nelson-Barber, Karen Peterman, James Pierson, Cheryl Sangueza, and Austin Shelton


12:00 – 12:15 Exploring Microbial Indicators of Coastal Ecosystem Health Across a Gradient of Human Development in Tutuila, American Samoa – Becca Rae Lensing, Ashley N. Olguin, Veronica Gibson, Christopher K. Shuler, Daniel W. Amato, Lydia Baker, Craig E. Nelson, Henrietta Dulai, Celia M. Smith, and Rosanna A. Alegado12:15 – 12:30 Watershed Interventions for Systems Health in Fiji (WISH Fiji) – Andrew Tukana, Sangeeta Mangubhai, Jacqueline Thomas, Shylett Sonam Anthony, Sikeli Gavidi, Pierre Horwitz, Aaron Jenkins, Stacy Jupiter, Kini Koto, Timoci Naivalulevu, Vilisi Naivalulevu, Kelera Naivalu, Sikeli Naucunivanua, Joel Negin, Ingrid Qauqau, Mereia Ravoka, Uraia Rabuatoka, Shayal Sami, and Gillian Scott12:30 – 12:45 Developing an Agroforestry Project for the Restoration and Protection of Degraded Watershed Basin in Southern Guam – Daniel Encio and Mohammad H. Golabi

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PROGRAMTUESDAY, APRIL 13, 2021 — continued

Breakout Room 1 • Hydrologic Modeling, Session 3

1:00 – 1:15 Refining Water Budgets in Small Pacific Island Drainage Basins: Spatio-Temporal Variations in Quickflow and Infiltration Estimates Derived from Daily Rainfall Maps – Theodore Brennis1:15 – 1:30 Numerical Model of the Keauhou Basal Aquifer (Hawai‘i Island) and Its Application in Nutrient Transport Evaluation – Brytne Okuhata, Aly El-Kadi, Henrietta Dulai, Jonghyun Lee, Christopher Wada, Leah Bremer, Kimberly Burnett, Jade Delevaux, and Christopher Shuler1:30 – 1:45 Analyzing Land Use Impacts on Streamflow Response in a Tropical Watershed: A Hydrometric and Geo- chemical Approach – Nicola Maurisa Mathura and Kegan K. Farrick1:45 – 2:00 Modeling of Groundwater Flow and Potential Contamination of the African Precambria Coastal Aquifer in the San-Pédro Area (Côte d’Ivoire) – Omer Zephir De Lasme, Aly El-Kadi, and Neils Grobbe

Breakout Room 2 • Community-Based Management

1:00 – 1:15 Community-Driven Water Planning for Hawaiian Homesteads: The Ho‘olehua Water Scoping Pilot Project – Ho‘olehua Water Scoping Project Team1:15 – 1:30 A Pu‘uloa Case Study: Restoring Pearl Harbor to ‘Āina Momona – Amanda Millin, Sandy Ward, and Bert Weeks1:30 – 1:45 Coping with Climate Change: Adaptations to a Life with Floods in Makassar and Suva – Erich Wolff1:45 – 2:00 Indigenizing Conservation in Hawai‘i Issues – Pōmaika‘i Kaniaupio-Crozier


1:00 – 1:15 An Unavoidably Short History of Inland Aquatic Faunal Research in the US Virgin Islands – Edwin Cruz-Rivera and D. Christopher Rogers1:15 – 1:30 Surveying Inland Aquatic Macroinvertebrate Diversity of St. Thomas, US Virgin Islands, as a First Step for Developing Watershed Health Indices – D. Christopher Rogers and Edwin Cruz-Rivera Vinaka1:30 – 1:45 Mountain-to-Sea Ecological-Resource Management: Forested Watersheds, Coastal Aquifers, and Ground- water Dependent Ecosystems – Christopher Wada, Kimberly Burnett, and Sittidaj Pongkijvorasin

Breakout Room 4 • Water Research Center Directors

1:00 – 2:00 Panel Discussion: Earl Greene (Water Resources Research Act Program, US Geological Survey), Kristin Grimes (Water Resources Research Institute [WRRI], University of the Virgin Islands), John Jenson (Water and Environmental Research Institute of the Western Pacific [WERI], University of Guam), Tom Giambelluca (Water Resources Research Center [WRRC], University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa), and John Hoffman (Pacific Islands Water Science Center, USGS)

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PROGRAMTUESDAY, APRIL 13, 2021 — continued

Breakout Room 1 • Innovative Modeling Approaches for Complex Hydrogeological Systems

2:00 – 2:15 Applicability of Discrete-Continuum Numerical Groundwater Models for Water Science Issues of Tropical Karst and Pseudokarst Islands – Thomas Reimann, Alireza Kavousi, Dwight Baldwin, Thomas Wöhling, Steffen Birk, Rudolf Liedl, and Martin Sauter2:15 – 2:30 Application of a Discrete-Continuum Numerical Groundwater Model Approach for Process and System Understanding of Hawaiian Pseudo-Karst Groundwater Systems – Dwight Baldwin, Alireza Kavousi, Rudolf Liedl, Thomas Reimann, and Aly El-Kadi2:30 – 2:45 Assessing Water Balance Components of the Puerto Rican Karst – Andreas Hartmann, Romane Berthelin, and Vera Marx2:45 – 3:00 Decadal Exploration of Karst Hydrogeology in the Woodville Karst Plain (WKP): A Review of Field Investi- gation and Modeling Development – Zexuan Xu and Bill Hu

Breakout Room 2 • Source Watershed Protection

2:00 – 2:15 Landscape Level Effects of Invasive Plants and Animals on Water Infiltration through Hawaiian Tropical Forests – Lucas Berio Fortini, Christina Leopold, Kim Perkins, Oliver Chadwick, Stephanie Yelenik, James Jacobi, Kai‘ena Bishaw II, and Makani Gregg2:15 – 2:30 Adaptation Planning and Source Water Protection: Opportunities and Challenges – Kari Vigerstol and Aparna Sridhar2:30 – 2:45 Integrated Planning—Breaking Down Silos in Water Quality Management – Emma Yuen

Breakout Room 3 • Storm and Wastewater, Session 1

2:00 – 2:15 Decision Analysis to Support Water Quality Management in Upcountry Maui – Kirsten L.L. Oleson, Megan D. Barnes, Adrienne Fung, Whitney Goodell, Robert Whittier, and Roger Babcock2:15 – 2:30 Understanding Stormwater Management Priorities in the Ala Wai Watershed, Honolulu – Aida D. Arik2:30 – 2:45 Stemming the Flow: Addressing Wastewater Pollution and Water Quality Challenges Across Insular Pacific Island Communities – Christina Comfort, Michael Mezzacapo, and Margaret McManus

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WEDNESDAY, APRIL 14, 2021Webinar Room 111:00 – 12:00 Plenary Panel: Water Utility Barry Usagawa (Water Resources Division, BWS), Fidel Aguila (American Samoa Power Authority), Keithroy Halliday (Barbados Water Authority), Miguel Bordallo (Guam Waterworks Authority), Jeff Pearson (County of Maui Department of Water Supply)

Breakout Room 1 • Rainfall Variability and Change, Session 1

12:00 – 12:15 Stochastic Daily Rainfall Generation in Tropical Islands – Lionel Benoit, Lydie Sichoix, and Thomas W. Giambelluca12:15 – 12:30 Use of Stochastic Simulation to Gap-Fill Daily Rainfall Time Series for Studying Long-Term Variability in Hawai‘i – Julie Henry and Pao-Shin Chu12:30 – 12:45 Dynamical Downscaling of Near-Term Rainfall Projections for the Main Hawaiian Islands Using WRF – Katrina Fandrich, Oliver Elison Timm, Thomas W. Giambelluca, and Chunxi Zhang12:45 – 1:00 Progress Made and Hurdles to Overcome in Producing More Robust Downscaled Climate Change Scenarios for Hawai‘i – Oliver Elison Timm, Abby G. Frazier, and Thomas W. Giambelluca

Breakout Room 2 • The Hawai‘i Climate Data Portal: Features, Methods, and Products

12:00 – 12:15 The Hawai‘i Climate Data Portal (HCDP): Overview and Attributes – Ryan J. Longman, Matthew P. Lucas, Thomas W. Giambelluca, Sean Cleveland, Jared H. McLean, Abby G. Frazier, Mike A. Nullet, Michael Dodge, Ehsan Kourkchi, Lionel Benoit, Yu-Fen Huang, Aurora Kagawa-Viviani, Kevin Kodama, and Gwen Jacobs12:15 – 12:30 The Hawai‘i Climate Data Portal (HCDP): Visualizing and Downloading Data – Jared H. McLean, Sean Cleveland, Ryan J. Longman, Matthew P. Lucas, and Thomas W. Giambelluca12:30 – 12:45 Daily Temperature Mapping of the Hawaiian Islands – Ehsan Kourkchi12:45 – 1:00 Step by Step, Day by Day: Refining Automated Production of Near Real-Time High Resolution Daily Rainfall Maps in Hawai‘i – Matthew P. Lucas, Lionel Benoit, Ryan J. Longman, Thomas W. Giambelluca, Sean Cleveland, Jared H. McLean, Mike A. Nullet, and Michael Dodge

Breakout Room 3 • Storm and Wastewater, Session 2

12:00 – 12:15 Effect of Seawater on Nitrification in Biological Wastewater Treatment Reactor – Lyuqin Liu, Yong Sang Kim, Myeong-Ho Yeo, Yuming Wen, and Bulan Wu12:15 – 12:30 Follow the Drop: Building Water Security and Resiliency for Island Communities – Lauren Roth Venu, Oliver Elison Timm, and Thomas W. Giambelluca12:30 – 12:45 Overview of EWB’s Technology Development Approach in Designing an On-Site Wastewater Disposal System in Peri-Urban Communities in Port Vila, Vanuatu – Stephanie Hamel, Steve Tarimaemae, Gaetano Romano, and Daniel Pires 12:45 – 1:00 Catchment to Sea Connection: Impacts of Terrestrial Run-off on Benthic Ecosystems in American Samoa – Mia Comeros-Raynal, Jon Brodie, Zoe Bainbridge, John Howard Choat, Meagan Curtis, Stephen Lewis, Thomas Stevens, Christopher Shuler, Mareike Sudek, and Andrew S. Hoey

Breakout Room 4 • Data and Modeling Uncertainties for Flow and Transport in Complex Subsurface Systems

12:00 – 1:00 Panel DIscussion: Aly El-Kadi, Dwight Baldwin, Niels Grobbe, Alireza Kavousi Heydari, and Zexuan Xu

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PROGRAMWEDNESDAY, APRIL 14, 2021 — continued


1:00 – 1:15 Volcanic Aerosol Impacts on Hawai‘i Island Rainfall – Tianqi Zuo and Alison D. Nugent1:15 – 1:30 Characterization of Precipitation Isotopic Composition and Bulk Ion Deposition: Central to West Hawai‘i, 2017–2019 – Diamond K. Tachera, Nicole C. Lautze, Giuseppe Torri, and Donald M. Thomas1:30 – 1:45 An Analysis of the Isotopic Composition of Rainfall on the Island of O‘ahu – Giuseppe Torri, Alison D. Nugent, Fayçal Lamraoui, Zhiming Kuang, and Brian N. Popp1:45 – 2:00 Quantifying Disturbance-Driven Rainfall on O‘ahu, Hawai‘i – Ryan J. Longman, Oliver Elison Timm, Thomas W. Giambelluca, and Lauren Kaiser

Breakout Room 2 • Water Management and Policy 1:00 – 1:15 Economic and Legal Strategies for Water Security – Michael Gordon Buck1:15 – 1:30 Policy Strategies for Improving Economic and Ecological Gains in Water Management in O‘ahu, Hawai‘i – Rupananda Widanage, Catherine Chan, Kirsten Oleson, and Yin-Phan Tsang1:30 – 1:45 Impacts of International Trade on Water Resource Management – Ahmed Afifi and Albert Kim1:45 – 2:00 Present at the Creation: Thirty Years of the Hawai‘i State Water Code – Williamson Chang

Breakout Room 3 • Submarine Groundwater Discharge

1:00 – 1:15 Assessing the Drivers, Dynamics, and Temporal Variability of Submarine Groundwater Discharge Using Traditional and Novel Time-Series Approaches – Trista McKenzie, Henrietta Dulai, Jonghyun Lee, and Peter Fuleky1:15 – 1:30 Mapping Coastal Freshwater Discharge of the NGLA—Impacts of Tide – Eliana Cortes Walker, Romina King, John W. Jenson, Jose Edgardo L. Aban, and Yuming Wen1:30 – 1:45 Electrical Imaging of Submarine Freshwater Reservoirs and Water Column Plumes Offshore of Hawai‘i – Eric Attias, Steven Constable, Donald M. Thomas, Dallas Sherman, Khaira Ismail, Christopher Shuler, and Henrietta Dulai

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PROGRAMWEDNESDAY, APRIL 14, 2021 — continued


2:00 – 2:15 Hawaiian Regional Climate Variability During Two Types of El Niño – Bo-Yi Lu and Pao-Shin Chu2:15 – 2:30 Heavy Rainfall Events Over Central O‘ahu Under Weak Wind Conditions During Seasonal Transitions – Feng Hsiao, David Eugene Hitzl, and Yi-Leng Chen2:30 – 2:45 Leeside Convection in the Nearshore Waters of Guam During the Seasonal Transition Period – David Eugene Hitzl, Feng Hsiao, and Yi-Leng Chen2:45 – 3:00 Assessment of the Trends and Projections of Guam’s Climate – Mark Lander and Chris Yeo

Breakout Room 2 • Water Resources Data and Monitoring

2:00 – 2:15 Water-Resource Management Monitoring Needs, State of Hawai‘i – Chui Ling Cheng, Scot K. Izuka, Joseph J. Kennedy, Abby G. Frazier, and Thomas W. Giambelluca2:15 – 2:30 The US Virgin Islands Microclimate Monitoring Program and Benefits to Water Resource Monitoring and Management Initiatives – Norton Brice Orange, David C. Morris, Christina Chanes, Thomas Lombardi, and Ruel Mitchell2:30 – 2:45 Water and Environmental Research Institute of the Western Pacific: Mission, Products, and Services – John W. Jenson

Breakout Room 3 • Submarine Groundwater Discharge, GDEs

2:00 – 2:15 Geochemical Signatures of Coastal Groundwater Reflect Groundwater Flow Lines and Land-Uses in West Hawai‘i – Henrietta Dulai, Catherine Hudson, Trista McKenzie, Brytne Okuhata, Diamond K. Tachera, and Aly El-Kadi2:15 – 2:30 Linked Ecological, Cultural, and Social Values of Groundwater Dependent Ecosystems in Kona, Hawai‘i – Veronica Gibson, Leah Bremer, Kimberly Burnett, and Celia Smith2:30 – 2:45 Protecting Groundwater Dependent Resources at Kaloko-Honokōhau National Historical Park, Island of Hawai‘i – Steven E. Rice

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THURSDAY, APRIL 15, 2021Webinar Room 111:00 – 12:00 Plenary Panel: Water and Environmental Justice: Pathways Towards Equitable Water Future Shilpa Alva (Surge for Water), Mere Jane Sawailu (RISE Project, Suva, Fiji), Sean Connelly (founding board member of Protect Our Ala Wai Watersheds)

Please note: LIGHTNING TALKS are 5 minute presentations.

Breakout Room 1 • Hydrology and Climate, Session 1

12:00 – 12:05 Cloud Water Interception in Hawai‘i: Climate vs. Vegetation Influences – Han Tseng and Thomas W. Giambelluca12:05 – 12:10 Updates to Statistical Downscaling Model for Rainfall Projection in Hawai‘i – Kristen Sanfilippo, Oliver Elison Timm, Thomas W. Giambelluca, and Abby G. Frazier12:10 – 12:15 A Simple Method for Evaluating the Surface Distribution of the Freshwater Body on Small Islands (Gili Air, Indonesia) – Jarrid Tschaikowski, Nils Moosdorf, Till Ohler, and Alexandra Nozik12:15 – 12:20 Assessment of 21st Century Changing Rainfall Patterns in the Tropical Pacific Islands Using CMIP6 Projections – Laxmikant Dhage, Matthew J. Widlansky, and H. Annamalai12:20 – 12:25 Rainfall Statistics – Alison D. Nugent and Tianqi Zuo12:25 – 12:30 Advance Hourly Gridded Rainfall on O‘ahu by Including Radar Information – Yu-Fen Huang, Yinphan Tsang, Maxime Gayte, and Alison D. Nugent12:30 – 12:35 Bias Correcting Globally Downscaled Climate Projections to Generate Multiple Future Mean Annual Precipitation and Temperature Scenarios for Hawai‘i – Lucas Berio Fortini, Lauren R. Kaiser, Abby G. Frazier, and Thomas W. Giambelluca12:35 – 1:00 Discussion Period for Lightning Talks

Breakout Room 2 • Water Security Under Changing Conditions

12:00 – 12:15 Collaborative Research to Support Urban Agriculture in the Face of Change: The Case of the Sumida Water- cress Farm on O‘ahu – Jennifer L. Engels, Sheree Watson, Henrietta Dulai, Kimberly Burnett, Christopher Wada, ‘Ano‘ilani Aga, Nathan DeMaagd, John McHugh, Emi Suzuki, and Leah Bremer12:15 – 12:30 Rainwater Harvesting: Remote Mountain Villages in Haiti – Jesse Baker12:30 – 12:45 Making Sure Your Cistern Never Runs Dry: Creating a Model to Understand the Relationship Between Roof Rainwater Harvesting and Water Management Strategies in the USVI – Ariel Stolz and Gregory Guannel 12:45 – 1:00 Groundwater Nitrate Contamination in Guam and the Northern Mariana Islands – Brian G. Bearden, Jezreelyn Y. Bulaklak, Nathan C. Habana, and John W. Jenson

Breakout Room 3 • Water Quality, Session 1

12:00 – 12:15 In Situ Active Samplers for Organic Pollutant Quantification in Coral Reef Ecosystems – David R. Whitall, Andrew Mason, Laura Webster, and Cheryl Woodley12:15 – 12:30 Growth and Survival of Native Oysters Placed at Three Locations on the Island of O‘ahu to Evaluate Restoration Potential – Anne M.D. Brasher, Wendy Wiltse, Andrea L. Grant, Maria C. Haws, Daniel Wilkie, Marni Rem-McGeachy, Rhiannon Chandler12:30 – 12:45 What is a Feral Cat? A Case Study of Legislative Definitions for Hawaiian Monk Seal Conservation – Vaibhavi Dwivedi 12:45 – 1:00 Sea-Level Rise and Groundwater Inundation Drive Wastewater Pollution to Coastal Waters and Storm Drains – Trista McKenzie, Shellie Habel, and Henrietta Dulai

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PROGRAMTHURSDAY, APRIL 15, 2021 — continued


Breakout Room 1 • Hydrology and Climate, Session 2

1:00 – 1:05 Automating Precipitation Data Aggregation and Map Generation for the Hawai‘i Climate Data Portal with Tapis – Sean Cleveland, Michael Dodge, Jared McClean, Matthew Lucas, Ryan J. Longman, Thomas W. Giambelluca, and Gwen Jacobs1:05 – 1:10 Impact of Partitioning Between Transpiration and Interception on Parameter Estimation and Runoff – Hiroki Momiyama, Tomo’omi Kumagai, and Tomohiro Egusa1:10 – 1:15 Geotechnical Investigations of Slope Failures in Southern Guam – Ujwalkumar D. Patil, Giordan Kho, John W. Jenson, Mark Lander, and Shahram Khosrowpanah1:15 – 1:20 Estimating the Timing of High Discharge Events in Hawai‘i Using Hourly Rainfall and Antecedent Soil Moisture Conditions – Maxime Gayte, Yin-Phan Tsang, and Yu-Fen Huang1:20 – 1:25 Investigation of Extreme Rainfall Properties Over Guam – James Pangelinan and Myeong-Ho Yeo1:25 – 1:40 An Assessment Tool of Modeling Extreme Rainfall Intensities for Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation – Myeong-Ho Yeo1:40 – 2:00 Discussion Period for Lightning Talks

Breakout Room 2 • Education and Outreach, Session 2

1:00 – 1:05 ‘Ike Wai Internship Program – Barbara Bruno and John Burns1:05 – 1:10 Old Newspapers, New Lessons: Understanding Hawaiian Voices from Newspapers Using Natural Language Processing – Dawn McSwain, Jennifer Ko, Nevan Lowe, Taishi Nammoto, Patricia Samantha Orozco, Jaron Sugimoto, and Sukhwa Hong1:10 – 1:15 Using Individual Development Plans to Improve Mentoring in STEM – Deborah Eason, Barbara Bruno, and Daniela Boettjer-Wilson 1:15 – 1:20 Building Trust: Value in Place-Based Outreach – Michael Mezzacapo, Christina Comfort, Stuart Coleman, Joachim Schneider, and Raquel Gililand1:20 – 1:25 Enhancing Water Literacy Through TV and Online Media: Wai Maoli, the Hawai‘i Fresh Water Initiative – Kanesa Duncan Seraphin1:25 – 1:30 WERI’s Education and Outreach Programs – Kaylyn Kristine Bautista1:30 – 1:35 Developing the Tutuila Water Budget Model Viewer – Kainoa Keanaaina and Christopher Shuler1:35 – 1:40 Surveying Hawai‘i’s Geoscience Employers – Cherryle Heu and Barbara Bruno1:40 – 2:00 Discussion Period for Lightning Talks


1:00 – 1:15 Biogeographic Distributions of Functional Microbial Communities in Groundwater of the Hualālai Water- shed, Hawai‘i – Sheree J. Watson, Cédric Arisdakessian, Diamond K. Tachera, Brytne Okuhata, Maria Petelo, Ku‘i Keliipuleole, Nicole Lautze, Henrietta Dulai, and Kiana L. Frank1:15 – 1:30 Tropical Watersheds: Sources of Microbial Contaminants and the Development of Microbiological Water Quality Standards – Marek Kirs1:30 – 1:45 Prevalence of E. coli in Household Cistern Water in the US Virgin Islands – Gouthami Rao, Amy Kahler, Lee Gaeddert, Mia Miattioli, Jonathan Yoder, Ester M. Ellis, and Brett Ellis 1:45 – 2:00 Investigation of Potentially Perfluoroalkyl and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) Impacted Sites in Guam – Mallary Nicole C. Dueñas, Yong San Kim, John W. Jenson, Nathan C. Habana, and Maika V. Vuki

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PROGRAMTHURSDAY, APRIL 15, 2021 — continued


Breakout Room 1 • Hydrogeology, Session 2

2:00 – 2:05 Hydrogeological Characterization of a Concentrated Coastal Groundwater Discharge—Hints from Mapping Ayuyu Cave, Northwest Guam – Maria Jhonnie Villareal2:05 – 2:10 Deep Aquifer Characterization by Inverse Modeling Using Self-Potential and Hydrogeological Data Sets – Young-Ho Seo, Brytne Okuhata, Aly El-Kadi, Niels Grobbe, and Jonghyun Lee2:10 – 2:15 Streamflow Forecasting Using Recurrent Neural Networks and Transfer Learning – Brody Uehara, Trista McKenzie, and Henrietta Dulai2:15 – 2:20 Production Well Nitrate-N Trends of the Northern Guam Lens Aquifer – Jezreelyn Y. Bulaklak, Nathan C. Habana, and John W. Jenson2:20 – 2:25 Disentangling Mixed Groundwater Contamination Sources Using Novel Tracers – Casey McKenzie, Henrietta Dulai, and Kim Falinski2:25 – 3:00 Discussion Period for Lightning Talks

Breakout Room 2 • Watershed and Water Management

2:00 – 2:05 Invasive Mangrove Removal at Scale Restores Biological, Physical and Community Connectivity from Land to Sea in He‘eia Watershed, O‘ahu – Kim Falinski, Yoshimi Rii, Keisha Bahr, Anthony Olegario, James Robertson, Kawika Winter, Kaneokoa Shultz, and Eric Conklin2:05 – 2:10 Characterizing the Ridge to Reef Connection on Maui – Ella Jayne Wilmot, Jesse Wong, Yin-Phan Tsang, Abigail Lynch, Dana Infante, and Hannah Clilverd2:10 – 2:15 Making Water Flow Again: The Case of the St. Croix Aquifer and the Future of Freshwater Resources in the Virgin Islands – David A. Hensley2:15 – 2:20 Water-Resource Monitoring Program on Guam – Jackson Mitchell2:20 – 2:25 Managing Wastewater for Healthy Coastlines and People – Samuela N. Tubui 2:25 – 2:30 Public Health Screening of Tropical Island Streams Using Enterococci Bacteria and Sucralose as Indicators of Human Wastewater Contamination – Carl J. Berg, John P. Alderete, and Ethan A. Alderete2:30 – 3:00 Discussion Period for Lightning Talks


2:00 – 2:15 Drugs and Stimulants in Streams, Springs and Storm Drains on O‘ahu, Hawai‘i – Steven Spengler, Marvin Heskett, and Sophia Spengler2:15 – 2:30 Microbial Risks from Vibrio Parahaemolyticus in a Tropical Urban Estuary in Honolulu, Hawai‘i – Tao Yan and Prakit Saingam2:30 – 2:45 Investigating the Relative Pollutant Removal Efficiencies of Biochar, Mulch, Coconut Coir, and Native Soils of Hawai‘i Within Stormwater BMPs – Amanda Cording, Joana Castillo, Roger Babcock, and Kevin Wong2:45 – 3:00 Development of a DNA-Based Test for Rapid On-Site Detection of Fecal Indicator Bacteria Using LAMP Technology – Daniel Amato, Lena Diaz, Mara Dias, and Daniel Jenkins

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Documents

International Tropical Islands Water Conference