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International Perspectives on Disability, Sport and
Development
Jackie Lauff
Sport Matters
ADDC Practitioner Interest Forum
28 February 2012
Jackie Lauff
Sport Matters
Overview
• What is Sport? • An Introduction to Sport and Development • How Does it Work? • Why Sport? • International Milestones• Sport and Disaster • Sport, Development & People with Disabilities
What is Sport?
“all forms of physical activity that contribute to physical fitness, mental well-being and social interaction, such as play, recreation, organised or competitive sport, and indigenous sports and games.”
UN Inter-agency Task Force on Sport for Development and Peace (2003)
Growth in Sport • In 1997 there were 9 areas of specialisation in sport:
• Sport Pedagogy• Adapted Physical Activity and Education• Sport Sociology• Sport History• Philosophy of Sport• Motor Development, Control and Learning• Sport and Exercise Psychology• Biomechanics• Exercise Physiology
Growth in Sport • In 2008 this increased to 25 areas:
• Adapted Physical Activity• Athletic Training and Therapy• Biomechanics • Coaching Science• Comparative PE and Sport• Health Enhancing Physical
Activity• Kinanthropometry• Motor Behaviour: Development,
Control and Learning• Philosophy of Sport• Sociology of Sport• Sport and Leisure Facilities• Sport History
• Sport Information• Sports Law• Sport Management • Sports Medicine• Sport Pedagogy• Sport and Exercise Physiology• Sport and Exercise Psychology• Doping in Sport• Physical Education• Sport and Development • Sport and Human Rights• Sport Governance• Women and Sport
How does it work?
• Combines sport and play with other non-sport outcomes to achieve the desired development objectives.
• Sport on its own is not the answer to the world’s development issues.
• It is purposeful, professional and socially responsible application of sport tailored to social and cultural context.
Sport Plus
versus
Plus Sport
Terminology • Sport and Development• Sport in Development • Sport for development • Sport Plus / Plus Sport • Sport for Development and Peace • Development through sport
It’s about using sport in a purposeful way to achieve specific development objectives.
Why Sport?
• Bring people together
• Low cost & high impact intervention
• Culturally appropriate
• Unites people, communities and nations like nothing else
• Physical fitness, mental well-being and social interaction
Sport is neutral • Sport is not inherently positive • As a cultural activity, sport is a mirror of society
and equally as complex.
• The potential negative impacts of sport include: – Corruption– Violence and hooliganism– Child labour– Racism and harrassment – Doping – Fraud – Unsafe practices
Sport and the United Nations • United Nations Special Adviser on Sport for
Development and Peace
Adolf Ogi 2001 - 2007 Willie Lemke 2008
International Milestones • Landmark UN publication (2003)
• UN Special Resolutions“Sport as a means to promote
education, health, development
and peace”
• International Year of Sport and
Physical Education (2005)
Sport and the United Nations • UN Office of Sport for Development and Peace
located in Switzerland.
Expanding knowledge base
• International Platform on Sport and Development www.sportanddev.org
• International Conferences & Awards– Magglingen, Switzerland– Next Step– Beyond Sport
• International Journal of Sport for Development
Thematic areas • Gender
• Disability • Disaster Response• Health • Peace-building • Economic Development • Education• Child and Youth Development • Environment
Sport and Disaster
• Moving Forward Toolkit
CARE, Mercy Corps and Nike (2008)
Sport and People with Disabilities
• Reduce stigma• Showcase ability• Promote human rights• Independence• Quality of Life • Empowerment • Inclusion • Health
Sport and Human Rights • UNESCO Charter on Physical Education (1978) • What matters most for the Council of Europe, as
reflected in the words of Sir Ludwig Guttmann, is that:
“sport should become a driving force for the disabled to seek or restore his contact with the world around him and thus his recognition as an equal and respected citizen.”
Council of Europe - Sport for All: Disabled People Charter (1987)
UNCRPD – Article 30.5
“With a view to enabling persons with disabilities to participate on an equal basis with others in recreational, leisure and sporting activities”
(March, 2007)
International Actors
• Handicap International
• Right to Play
• SCORE
• International Inspirations
• Tony Blair Foundation
• PlayAble
• RESPO International
Sport Matters
• Innovation
• Monitoring & Evaluation
• Partnerships
• Advocacy
• Capacity Building
• Technical Assistance
Disability & Development
• 15% of the worlds population• Over 90% of children with disabilities do not
attend school• Only 2% of people with disabilities are
estimated to have access to basic services (health, education)
• Women experience double discrimination
