Upload
nikegroup
View
884
Download
1
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
Nike group's class presentation over Chapter 6.
Citation preview
Organizational Culture and DiversityMichael Bartlemay, Emily Evans, JW Whitehorn, Jessica Wilson
The Nature of Organizational Culture
•Shared values and beliefs that enable members to understand their roles and the norms of the organization.▫Behavior regulations▫Norms and dominant values▫Employee/customer relationships▫Dos and don’ts of employees▫Organizational climate
Organizational Cultures
•When individuals join an MNC they carry with them their national culture and also have to enter into an organizational culture.▫Ex: PepsiCo expected to be cheerful,
positive, enthusiastic and have committed optimism
International Organizational Cultures
•Major problem is that not all organizational cultures for a MNC work in different countries▫Must deal with multiculturalism within
various locations of an MNC▫Can be hard to get people of different
nationalities to abide by one standard set of organizational cultures Separate business cultures. Ex: JCPenny
Interaction Between Cultures
•National cultural values of employees have a great impact on their organizational performance and their national culture is not easily changed.
•Stronger cultural differences among foreign employees for same MNC than employees in their native countries
Cultural Differences
•Ex: Upjohn Company of Kalamazoo, Michigan merged with Pharmacia AB of Sweden▫Americans were unaware of the vacation
time in Sweden and Italy▫Instead of solving problems, the
partnership had a major setback▫Both partners had to discuss cultural
differences to better understand
Organizational Culture Clash
•Organizational culture clashes often occur when a company doesn’t fully understand the operations of the business acquired.▫Ex: DaimlerChrysler chose to invest in
Mitsubishi over Nissan, but their reasoning turned out to be a false sense of security. Japanese organizational culture prevented
them from reporting bad news Mitsubishi management never informed
DaimlerChrysler of struggles
Dimensions of Corporate Culture
European’s Perception of MNC
Top: of cultural dimensions in U.S.
Bottom: of European operations
Interpreting the Graphs
•Different partners in a multinational alliance will bring different organizational cultures
•Potential difficulties when dealing with countries that hold different perceptions▫Negotiations▫Corporate climate
•Why it can be hard for an MNC with strong organizational culture to break into foreign markets with national cultures
Organizational Cultures of MNC’s
Integration of Cultures
•Numeroff and Abraham’s 4 steps:▫Establish purposes, goals, and focuses of
the merger▫Identify the most important structures and
management roles▫Determine who has authority over
resources ▫Identify the expectations of the involved
parties and develop communication lines between departments
Determining Organizational Culture
•Three parts:▫Relationship between employees and the
MNC▫The system of authority that defines
managers and subordinates▫Views employees hold on their place in the
overall vision of the MNC
Types of Organizational Culture• Family Culture• Eiffel Tower• Guided Missile• incubator
Family Culture
•Emphasis on hierarchy and the person•Paternal relationship between
management and subordinates▫Management revered
•Characterized by culture and traditions▫Hard to become a member if an outsider
•Examples: Turkey Pakistan, Venezuela, China
Eiffel Tower
•Emphasis on hierarchy and the task•Top of the tower could be gone and
nothing would happen•Very formal
▫Impersonal and efficient•Does not take change well•Examples: Denmark, Germany, the
Netherlands
Guided Missile
•Egalitarian and focused on the task•Work primarily in project teams
▫Hierarchy unimportant•Change is easy and smooth•High-tech markets•Examples: United States and the United
Kingdom
Incubator
•Egalitarian with emphasis on the person•Creative and Entrepreneurial•Change comes fast •Employees are more concerned with the
project than monetary gain•Example: Silicon Valley, California
Business Examples
•Can you think of any Businesses that model these Organizational Cultures?▫Family▫Eiffel Tower▫Guided Missile▫Incubator
Managing Multiculturalism and Diversity
Phases of Multicultural Development
▫Phase 1 (Domestic Corporation)
Focused on the product/service Products are new and unique
▫Phase 2 (International Corporation) Focused on the market Products are more standardized
Phases of Multicultural Development (cont.)
▫Phase 3 (Multinational Corporations) Focused on price Products are completely standardized
(commodity)
▫Phase 4 (Global Corporations) Focused on strategy Products are mass customized
Types of Multiculturalism
▫Domestic Multiculturalism People with diverse cultural backgrounds
▫Group Multiculturalism Homogeneous Group Token Groups Bicultural Groups Multicultural Groups
Problems and Advantages With Diversity
•Problems▫Lack of cohesion (Bad attitudes)▫Stereotypes and inaccurate biases▫Inaccurate communication
•Advantages▫More and better ideas ▫Prevents groupthink: social conformity▫Better serving the customer
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VUlNgJfJip4
EU Pro Diversity Ad
Multicultural Team Effectiveness
▫Entry Stage ▫Work Stage ▫Action Stage
Managing a Culturally Diverse Team
▫Select members for task related abilities, do not base on ethnicity
▫Recognize and prepare to deal with cultural differences
▫Leader must keep the group focused on the overall goal
No Stereotyping
•http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f5mAMDZYElE
Case Study pg. 183
1. What do you think some of the main organizational cultural differences between two companies would be?
2. Why might the cultural diversity in the Spanish firm not be as great as that in the US firm? And what potential problems could this create?
3. What would you recommend be done to effectively merge the two organizational cultures and insure they cooperate harmoniously?