INTERNATIONAL LAW, ORGANIZATION, & POLICY

~The Basics~What Influences FP Making~Different Types of FP Diplomacy Settings

Foreign Policy

The Basics

What is Foreign Policy?What is Diplomacy

Formal relations Sovereignty

Recognize with an Embassy

Objective National self-interest

About Foreign Policy Diplomacy

Who is the most important diplomat for a country?

Head of Government Country

France, Russia, Brazil

United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, Japan

China, Czech Republic

Germany

Saudi Arabia, Brunei, Oman, Qatar

Title

President

Prime Minister

Premier

Chancellor

King

About Foreign Policy Diplomacy

Head of State—Figurehead

Country

United States, China, Germany, Brazil

France, Russia

United Kingdom, Morocco, Thailand, Japan

Saudi Arabia, Brunei, Oman, Qatar

Title

President

Prime Minister

King or Queen

King

About Diplomacy

Who Else? Head of government Head Foreign Affairs Officer Ambassadors Civil servants

Foreign Service Officers

Country

Title

US Secretary of State

UK Foreign Secretary

France Minister of State

China Minister of Foreign Affairs

William Hague, British Foreign Secretary

What Influences Foreign Policy?

Domestic and Int’l Factors Intermestic issues

Two-Level Games Level One

Diplomat to Diplomat Level Two

Diplomat to Population

What Influences Foreign Policy?

II II

I

Two Levels

Diplomat Diplomat with hat

Diplomat to Diplomat

Diplomat to Population

Diplomat to Population

What Influences Foreign Policy?2 Levels of Eurozone Crisis

Domestic Level

Greeks

International Level

Domestic LevelGermans

•Gov’t: Fix economy•Protest against changes

•Coordinate economic policy

•Gov’t Save euro•Germans upset

Domestic Level

Greeks•Gov’t: Fix economy•Protest against changes

Domestic Level

Greeks, Cypriots

International Level

•Gov’t: Fix economy•Protest against changes

•Coordinate economic policy

Different FP Diplomacy Settings

Situations & Policy Environments Hostile Diplomacy

Armed/potential armed Adversarial Diplomacy

Little chance of conflict Coalition Diplomacy

Cooperation Mediation Diplomacy

3rd party

~The Basics~What Influences FP Making~Different Types of FP Diplomacy Settings

Foreign Policy: Recap

~The Basics~Primitive Nature~Western Phenomenon~Adherence

International Law

IL: The Basics

Increased over time More actors More contact

Increased interdependence Set rules

Western influenced

IL: Primitive Nature

Not legislated Based on customs & agreements No overarching enforcement authority Sovereign states pursue self-interests

IL: Adherence

So, is international law really law? Compliance is voluntary Means of enforcement Most states obey international laws- Why?

ReputationLong-term benefits v. short term lossesEmploy means to convince states to complySets precedence for cooperation

~ The Basics~ Primitive Nature~Adherence

International Law: Recap

~The Basics~Evolution~Cooperation

International Organization

IO: Evolution

What is International Organization? Universal Concern for Humans Int’l Peace Conferences, The Hague (1899,

1907) Responsibility

IGOs, NGOs

IO Evolution

About the United Nations Purpose Effectiveness Structure Transnational issues

Ban Ki Moon, UN Secretary General

http://www.un.org/en/aboutun/structure/pdfs/un_system_chart_colour_sm.pdf

IO Cooperation: IGOs

Interactive Arena Self-interest NATO

Center for Cooperation Functionalism ECOWAS

Independent International Actor Proactive UN

Supranational Governance Authority EU

Very tradition

al

Less tradition

al

More alternati

ve

Very alternati

ve

~The Basics~Evolution~Cooperation

International Organization Recap