INTERNATIONAL...ISSUE 7/8 • 2017 PRSRT STD US POSTAGE PAID MAILED FROM 53147 PERMIT NO. 12 The official publication of Serving Automotive, Heavy Duty, Industrial & Agricultural Remanufacturers

ISSUE 7/8 • 2017

PRSRT STD US POSTAGE

PAID MAILED FROM 53147

PERMIT NO. 12

The official publication of

Serving Automotive, Heavy Duty, Industrial & Agricultural Remanufacturers.

B I G S H O W

I N T E R N A T I O N A L

O C T O B E R 2 8 – 3 0 , 2 0 1 7

Exhibitor Showcase ...................... 14-15

Register Now & Save ......................... 25

Book Your Discounted Room .............. 27

Sponsorships................................ 21-22

Education Sessions ............................ 18

Timeline ........................................... 19

TSBs in Diagnostic Routine ............... 4-6

Switches, Relays, Solenoids ............ 7-13

1953 Mercury Monterey ............... 16-17

Last Year in Las Vegas!! So by now I am sure you have heard the big announcement that the APRA will co-locate the BigR Show into the NACE/Automechanika next year in Atlanta. So 2017 will be our last year in Las Vegas for a while. The big question is always, WHY?

First of all, it should be no secret that Las Vegas is getting quite expensive from the standpoint of putting on a show. Second is that we want to give our Exhibitors and Members the best possible experience and opportunity that the BigR Show can support and by combining forces with NACE/Automechanika this gives

everyone great networking opportunities, better floor traffic for Exhibitors and new business opportunities for everyone. If you have never been to an Automechanika event, then you are definitely missing something, they are always a class act and very professional.

At their 2017 event back in July in Chicago they had over 176 technical seminars ranging from CANbus training to understanding transmission fault codes, to Turbochargers. Very informative product, business, and training seminars. APRA Members will greatly benefit from these opportunities.

I encourage everyone to come to the 2017 BigR Show this year to receive their free visitor pass for next year’s Atlanta Show. Las Vegas will have some great seminars and technical presentations as well as an impressive group of Exhibitors that will offer opportunities for the Remanufacturer.

The show starts Saturday October 28th and runs through Monday afternoon October 30th.

Simply put, if you don’t attend, you are missing great networking opportunities and increasing your overall remanufacturing knowledge. Don’t get behind, stay ahead of the curve.

I always welcome response or rebuttal to my comments at [email protected]

Respectfully, Joe Kripli

Kripli’s CornerContentsKripli’s Corner .................................. 2Industry Calendar ........................... 2Classified Ads ................................... 3Around the Industry ....................... 3Transmission Digest ........................ 4Talking Tech ..................................... 7Big R Exhibitors ............................. 14Classic Reman ................................ 16Big R Speakers ............................... 18Big R Agenda .................................. 19Big R Networking .......................... 20Big R Sponsorships ........................ 21Big R Sponsors ............................... 22New Members ................................ 23Big R Show Co-locates with NACE ................................. 24Big R Registration Form ............... 25Big R Sponsorship Form ............... 26Big R Hotel ..................................... 26

AdvertisersBPS Cores, Inc. ............................... 24J&N .................................................... 6Lester Catalog ................................ 12Phoenix Automotive Cores .......... 18Regitar USA.................................... 19Romaine Electric Corporation .... 23WAIglobal - Wetherill Associates Inc. ............................ 20Westport Machine Works ............. 24YouTech Group LLC ..................... 23

COPYRIGHT 2017/AUTOMOTIVE PARTS REMANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION. The APRA Reman Connection is published as a membership service by the APRA. The opinions expressed in the articles in this publication are those of the author of the articles and not the publisher. While every reasonable attempt has been made to assure that the information in this publication is accurate, the publisher assumes no responsibility for any omissions or errors, nor for the application of any advice or suggestions in any particular situation. Due to space limitations, all items published are subject to abridgment. Unsolicited items will not be returned.

The APRA REMAN ConnectionOffice Contact:Phone: (703) 968-2772Fax: (703) 753-2445 Email: [email protected]

President: Joe Kripli | [email protected] Tech Manager: Wes Grueninger, Sr. | [email protected]

APRA Big R ShowOctober 28-30, 2017Las Vegas, Nevada, USA

Heavy Duty Aftermarket WeekJanuary 22-25, 2018Las Vegas, Nevada

INA PAACE Automechanika Mexico CityMarch 14-16, 2018Mexico City, Mexico

Association of Diesel Specialists Convention & Trade ShowAugust 7-10, 2018San Diego, California

APRA Big R Show / NACE AutomechanikaAugust 8-10, 2018Atlanta, Georgia

Automechanika FrankfurtSeptember 11-15, 2018Frankfurt, Germany

I N D U S T R Y C A L E N D A R

ISSUE 7/8 | REMAN CONNEC TION 3

REGITAR USA Inc. Announce its 30th AnniversaryAPRA Member REGITAR USA Inc. recently announced its 30th Anniversary. As a major manufacturer and distributor of automotive electronics to the aftermarket today, REGITAR has enjoyed the growth from the beginnings in Alabama to a recognized global supplier.

REGITAR began operations in 1987 when Dr. YT Tsai, President and CEO, and Dr. Chau Tsai, Vice President and CFO, founded the company initially as a shoe and power tools distrib-utor. Soon after, they introduced the auto parts line with charging system components (voltage regulators, rectifiers, etc) and ignition system components (ignition modules, ignition coils, caps, rotors, etc) and have since expanded the product offerings, including other automotive components (Solenoids, ABS sensors, Oxygen sensors, MAF/MAP sensors, IAC Valves, etc).

In addition, REGITAR is also a supplier of quality auto and equipment tools under the Durofix and ACDelco brands, offering a complete line of corded, cordless, pneumatic and digital drill/drivers, impact wrenches, ratchet wrenches, grinders/polishers, and flashlights at the highest quality and competitive prices.

German VDI* Center for Resource Efficiency publishes new study on resource efficiency through remanufacturing Commissioned by German Federal Ministry for Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety, the study confirms Remanufacturing as a future market and the highest

form of Recycling.In particular, the authors conclude the following:1. Remanufacturing of products holds an enormous

potential for resource efficiency.2. Until 2030 a market growth of more than 50% is

expected.The full study can be downloaded in German language

under: https://www.vdi.de/artikel/vdi-zre-kurzanalyse-zur-

wiederaufarbeitung-von-gebrauchtteilen/*The VDI is the Association of German Engineers with

about 155.000 members, spokesperson and third largest organization for issuing technical rules.

WAI Global announces Mark Hoogterp as Senior Director of SalesAPRA member WAI Global recently announced that Mark Hoogterp has been named Senior Director of Sales, North American Rebuilders. Hoogterp comes to WAI through their 2016 acquisition of DuBois Marketing, where he spent 37 years in sales and operations management. Hoogterp will lead all U.S. and Canada rebuilders sales efforts, and will work out of WAI headquarters in Miramar, FL.

WAIglobal is a leading US-based parts manufacturer and international distributor / logistics company. Their extensive range of starters, alternators and their components covers the Automotive, Heavy Duty, Industrial and Agricultural, Power Sports, Marine, Outdoor and Recreation sectors. Other product lines include ignition distributors, wiper motors, engine management components and fuel systems. The company supplies OEM, OES and aftermarket customers in more than 105 countries through its worldwide network of sales and distribution locations. n

A R O U N D T H E I N D U S T R Y

Read more about these topics at www.apra.org/newsHave industry news to share? Email [email protected]

For SaleMID-SIZE FULL LINE ELECTRICAL REBUILDERRETIRING AFTER 45 YEARSALL ASSETS FOR SALE330-535-6269

Used Equipment AvailableD&V Electronics. ALT-99 Alternator Tester–Recertified. Electrocheck Model 83 Heavy Duty Alternator & Starter Load Testers. D&V JBT-3 Alternator & Starter Testers. Voltage Regulator Testers, Ground Fault Analyzers, Diode Testers. To view the complete equipment list and description, visit www.straucon.com.

C L A S S I F I E D

VDI ZRE Publikationen: Kurzanalyse Nr. 18

Ressourceneffizienz durch Remanufacturing - Industrielle Aufarbeitung von Altteilen

August 2017

4 REMAN CONNEC TION | ISSUE 7/8

Use TSBs in Your Diagnostic Routine

R&R Tech

TECH

NIC

ALTR

AIN

ING

•Author: Daniel Skinner

•Subject Matter: Use research in diagnosis

• Issue: U660E, 2-3 shift flare; 4L60-E, shudder

©2017 Transmission Digest. Reproduced with permission. For subscription information call 800-274-7890

When diagnosing today’s com-plex vehicles, we have a

wealth of information at our dis-posal. How we use that informa-tion is crucial in making the correctdiagnosis the first time, every time.

In some cases the diagnosis maybe cut and dry (fluid is burnt, thepump is whining, and the vehiclewill not move). In other cases, thediagnosis may not be as easy, orworse; we may “think” or “as-sume” we already know the prob-lem.

One of the most useful yet easilyoverlooked pieces of information isthe use of TSBs. Unless it is a “cutand dried” diagnosis, referring toTSBs should be routine in youreveryday diagnostic practices. Icannot begin to count the numberof times this has helped me bypointing me in the right direction,and even kept me from making thewrong diagnosis completely.

2-3 shift flare when coldA perfect example of this came

into the shop recently: The vehiclewas a 2007 Toyota Camry with aU660E transmission. The cus-tomer’s complaint was that the carhad a 2-3 shift flare when cold. Iwas able to perform our initialevaluation about an hour after thevehicle was dropped off. Whenroad testing the car, I felt NO 2-3shift flare. In fact, the transmissionseemed to work flawlessly. There

were no DTCs and the fluid lookedbrand new. My next step was to letthe car set overnight. Upon drivingthe car the next morning, the 2-3flare finally showed itself, but onlyon the first two 2-3 shift cycles, andwithin a mile the shifts were backto normal.

I continued with the evaluationby conducting a battery/chargingsystem test, voltage drop test onthe ground side of the system, un-dercar inspection, and a more thor-ough inspection of the enginecompartment, looking at wire har-ness routing and see if I could tellif any previous work had been per-formed. I then let the car set out-side and cool back off for the restof the day. Just before close, I took

the car out once more and recon-firmed the same symptom of a 2-3flare on cold startup/driving.

At this point, I am assumingthere is an internal mechanicaltransmission problem occurring. Afive minute search of TSBs quicklychanged my mind. Toyota TSBTC007-07 describes possible shiftflares on 2nd to 3rd and/or 4th to5th within the first 10 minutes ofoperation. A TCM reflash is ad-vised by Toyota to resolve the con-dition.

After updating the TCM calibra-tion through Toyota’s TISTechstream (Figure 1) and per-forming the shift re-learn proce-dures, I let the car cold soakovernight. The next morning’s test

1



drive resulted in perfect shifts. The2-3 upshift flare was gone andeverything was working well. Justto be safe, I let the car cold soaktwo more times; each time thetransmission worked flawlessly.Needless to say, the customer waselated when he found out he didnot have to replace the transmis-sion.

Shudders at steady speedAnother good example was on a

2008 GMC Sierra 1500 4x4 with a4L60E transmission. The customercomplaint was, “shudders on thehighway while maintainingspeed.” While I was test drivingthe truck, I observed a fairly harshvibration when the converter wasin lockup, and ONLY while main-taining speed. If I accelerated ordecelerated, the vibration disap-peared. Upon further investiga-tion, I noticed that the vibrationwas only occurring during the ap-plication of active fuel manage-ment (AFM).

When I returned to the shop, Idid a quick search of TSBs.

Entering the vehicle information inboth ALLDATA and Mitchell didnot reveal anything that matchedthe vehicles issue. At this point Icould have gone forward diagnos-ing blindly, but something wastelling me to keep looking. I don’tknow why, but I must have hadone of those gut-instinct thingsgoing on, so I kept searching and,lo and behold, I found what I waslooking for: GM bulletin(PIP4371A) regarding harsh TCCvibration in active fuel manage-ment V4 mode.

This bulletin states that TCC slipshould NOT remain at “0” whenapplied but should increase to 20rpm or greater. If TCC slip remainsat zero rpm, this indicates a prob-lem with regulator apply valve(380). A second test drive, whilemonitoring TCC slip, proved thisto be the problem. TCC slip was atzero (Figure 2), not allowing a“cushioning” effect to damp vibra-tions caused by cylinder deactiva-tion in active fuel management V4mode. Now this is not technically a“TSB”; it is an unpublished bul-

letin from GM referred to as“Preliminary Information” that, asfar as I know, is only availablewith a paid subscription to ACDelco TDS Service Informationwebsite, but it can be found onIdentifix also.

The customer elected to replacethe transmission as advised, andthe vibration was no longer pres-ent after the unit was replaced. Inthis case, I was able to pinpoint theexact problem by simply doing alittle bit of searching and using ascan tool.

Research saves timeThese are just two examples of

how TSBs have assisted me. I in-corporated a TSB search into mydiagnosis routine several yearsago. I cannot begin to count thetimes that it has helped me. Inmany cases, the manufacturer hasdone the hard work for us, espe-cially regarding odd problems, orproblems we have not yet seen onlater model vehicles.

In our business, the saying“time is money” is heard over and

2



over again. Either of the two vehi-cles I have discussed here couldhave taken hours of driving, spec-ulating, and even major disassem-bly just to pinpoint the problem.That is usually a very difficult sellto a customer. In both of these

cases I spent no more than 30 min-utes searching, finding, and verify-ing what I was looking for. Noneof us know all the answers, butthere are vast resources for us toaccess. The correct utilization ofthe information we have available

to us separates us as professionals.It also creates loyal customers whoare confident in our professionalabilities.

Daniel Skinner is a diagnostician for CertifiedTransmission’s Blue Springs, Mo., shop.

TD

©2017 Transmission Digest. Reproduced with permission. For subscription information call 800-274-7890.

®For information about Certified Transmission contact [email protected].

A Division of

®2017 J&N, All Rights Reserved. Trademarks used herein are the property of their respective owners

www.JNELECTRIC.com

800-366-7100

Large Selectionof Units & Components

for Small Engines

Large Selectionof Units & Components

for Small Engines


Switches, solenoids and relays have one important part in common—a set of make-or-break contacts. These contacts are the critical component that controls current

flow. They must be able to repeatedly establish and break a loaded electrical connection. That sounds like a simple task … allowing current to flow only when the contacts are closed and then immediately cease that current flow when the contacts open. But unfortunately, life underneath a solenoid cap is not that simple.

The electrical phenomenon known as “arcing” is the unwanted flow of current which occurs prior to complete contact closure and immediately following the opening of the contacts. Anyone who has ever closely examined a set of worn out solenoid contacts, has seen what repeated arcing can do over time (see Figure 1). This type of wear is to be expected under normal use after many hundreds of on-off cycles. Each arc event transfers some material from one contact to the other—positive to negative. However, severe arcing can destroy a set of contacts rather quickly (see Figure 2)—or even cause them to weld together!

In a starter solenoid, one stationary contact is typically connected directly to the positive side of the battery, while the other contact is connected to a very low resistance path to ground through an at-rest motor. In the case of a diesel engine starter, that ground path can carry a thousand amperes or more. A good battery bank can easily supply that kind of current. A gap of only a few millimeters between the open contacts, electrically separates the battery positive from the battery negative.

Switches, Relays and Solenoids—Part TwoWhat Happens When Contacts Close and Open?

Bob Thomas and Wes Grueninger, Sr.

Figure 1—Used Denso 2.5 kW solenoid contacts, motor terminal (negative) on the left and battery (positive) on the right.

Figure 2—This 32-volt 40MT starter solenoid was destroyed by severe arcing. Notice that nearly all damage is on the battery positive-contact side.

T A L K I N G T E C H


An Arc is FormedWhile a new set of solenoid contacts may look perfectly smooth to the naked eye, they are microscopically quite rough (see Figure 3). High spots and low spots abound. With each use, the contact surfaces will wear, which will inevitably amplify the roughness. You have probably noticed that contact surface designs can differ greatly between manufacturers. Some have embossed patterns on their mating surfaces. Each design reflects an attempt to minimize arcing.

If you could see inside a solenoid while it is activated and record what takes place with a close-up high-speed camera, you would observe what appears to be a catastrophic event! (see Figure 4) As the contacts begin to close, one tiny spot makes the first point of connection between the two surfaces. In technical terms, that point is known as a constriction, and all available current rushes toward it. The resulting sudden intense flow of electrons creates an extremely hot spot on the contact surface at the constriction. In the case of a diesel starter’s solenoid, this is equivalent to forcing hundreds of

amperes through the head of a pin.Though the duration of this condition is only a few

nanoseconds, the temperature at the surface of the constriction may reach 8,000 degrees Fahrenheit or more. This extreme heat not only melts the surface of the contacts at the constriction, but it also boils the metal, which can cause it to explode. The air surrounding the hot spot is then super-heated by the explosion and is ionized when its electrons are stripped away. At this point, the ionized air (or plasma) itself begins to conduct current. Around the constriction and in the proximity of the explosion, an electrical arc is formed.

That arc, conducted by ionized air, will exist until the next high spot forms another constriction. Then, the previously explained chain of events repeats itself, over and over. As each new arc is established, the previous arc is extinguished. Each arc transfers some contact material. Arcing cascades across the surfaces of the contacts, until the contacts are finally forced tightly together—splattering any remaining melted metal upon impact. This results in the loss of even more

Figure 3—When contacts are touching and current is passing, the actual areas which conduct the current are only a small proportion of the total contact surface. The parts of the surfaces touching each other may be metallic and conducting, or may be non-conducting due to surface films or inclusions. (CDA,1980)


contact material (the copper dust you often find inside a used solenoid.)

Once the contacts close completely, the last arc will be extinguished as the current flow is dispersed across the contact surfaces. The extreme temperatures that caused the arcing, begin to dissipate. As the molten metal cools, the contacts actually become fused together in a weak bond while the engine is being cranked. That bond is a “soft weld”, which can be broken by the solenoid’s release spring.

The Grand FinaleWhen the solenoid is de-energized, the release spring starts to break the contacts apart, with full-load current still flowing. As the contacts begin to move apart, the area of their touching surfaces decreases … until all flowing current is funneled into the last small area to break. The metal at that point becomes super-heated again and begins to melt. As the contacts move farther apart, a bridge of the molten metal

forms between them and is stretched across the gap.With full-load current still flowing through it, the liquid

metal bridge is stretched thinner, until it explodes into a shower of metallic ions (see Figures 5 and 6). As you recall, the conducting plasma, which was created when the contacts first touched, was made of ionized air. Now, the gap between the breaking contacts is filled with ionized liquid metal, causing an arc of a grander scale to be formed! Since the contacts are now opening, this arc (a breaking-arc) cannot be extinguished in the same way as the arc made when the contacts were closing (a making-arc.) The making-arc was terminated when current flowing through it was ultimately given a path of lower resistance to take (when the contact surfaces came tightly together). The breaking-arc will be sustained as long as there is sufficient energy to supply it—and as long as the arc exists, it will continue to transfer metal.

The making-arcs and breaking-arcs are different in several ways. Making-arcs are numerous and brief, compared to

Figure 4—This photo inside a Denso starter shows a making-arc as contacts close.

Figure 5—This sequence of diagrams shows a breaking-arc as contacts open. (CDA,1980)

Figure 6—This is a breaking-arc on the battery-side contacts created during a free-spin test of the same Denso starter shown in Figure 4.


the extended single breaking-arc (or occasional multiple breaking-arcs.) A breaking-arc is much more violent, because it is made up of metallic ions, unlike the making-arc plasma, which is composed of ionized air. In addition, a breaking-arc has no definite ending. But the making-arc does end, when the contacts finally close completely—detouring the current to a path of lower resistance—essentially bypassing the plasma.

The breaking-arc can be extinguished only by opening the circuit at another point (not very practical) or by exceeding the current’s impedance with more distance between the contacts. Impedance is the opposition to change in an electric current flow. Once current flow is established, it has resistance to change. As current increases so does impedance. It is directly proportional to the load of the starter’s motor.

The at-rest air gap of a solenoid’s open contacts must be substantial enough to extinguish a breaking-arc’s impedance, based on highest possible load for that application.

Perhaps now, you can better appreciate why solenoid contacts may show signs of damage or wear after just a few starts.

When Things Go WrongUnder some conditions, a set of solenoid contacts may weld closed during cranking. This can happen in two ways. The first is a dynamic weld (see Figure 7). It is caused when contacts “bounce” during closing—when they “make”, “break” and “make” again in rapid succession. The resulting arcs (both making and breaking) produce molten metal which can partially solidify following a break. During the final “make”,

Figure 8—This diagram shows how static welding occurs when a surge of high current passes briefly through a set of contacts. (CDA,1980)

Figure 7—Here you can see how dynamic welding can happen when the contacts bounce on impact. (CDA,1980)

Figure 9—This 24-volt Denso contact has a silver inlay to reduce arcing under the higher voltage.

Figure 10—The contacts of this aftermarket 39MT solenoid are embossed with circular ridges to reduce damage from arcing.


the normally soft weld becomes a hard weld, which the solenoid’s release spring is unable to break.

More commonly, starter solenoids fall victim to a static weld (see Figure 8), which is caused by a sudden short burst of extremely high current flowing through closed contacts. This can happen if a starter is over-cranked until it stalls while turning the engine. A stalled starter motor is almost a dead short, causing electrical current to increase significantly. While faulty batteries and cables can contribute to this scenario, obviously, the operator plays the largest role.

Other Factors at PlayThere are other factors involved that can greatly influence arcing between contacts. They are: the composition of the contacts, their design or shape, and the pressures applied in both making and breaking.

Copper has a conductivity rating that is exceeded only by silver. Its low cost makes it the obvious choice for solenoid contacts. However, pure copper is lacking in the mechanical qualities required for solenoids. At temperatures above 320 degrees Fahrenheit, pure copper begins to lose its rigidity. Therefore, solenoid contacts must be manufactured using a copper alloy, with smaller amounts of nickel, zinc, tin, tungsten or silver added to improve its mechanical strength and durability. Cadmium has also been used in manufacturing contacts, but to a lesser extent in recent years. This is because research has shown that long-term exposure to cadmium can lead to serious health issues. The group of metals generally used in solenoid contacts is known as high copper alloys. Each one contains no more than 99.3% copper, but no less than 94%.

In addition to alloys, there are some solenoids in higher voltage applications (24 volts or more) that may utilize a silver alloy inlay on a copper contact (see Figure 9). This type of inlay provides the full durability of a silver contact without its high cost.

Most solenoids incorporate a moving contact with two stationary contacts—one for B+ and one for the load or motor. While many contact surfaces are flat, to increase the area of conduction, some manufacturers have tried other shapes to reduce arcing.

The embossed patterns you see on the contact surfaces in some solenoids are intended to offer sacrificial material across the contact. This helps to create multiple but much smaller breaking-arcs to dissipate the heat—reducing the transfer of material, reducing breaking-arc impedance and extending the life of the contacts. Each pattern attempts to disperse the hot spots across the entire contact mating surface, thus allowing for better heat dissipation. Bosch, Denso, Delco and Mitsuba have all used this method on some applications (see Figures 10, 11 and 12).

The magnetic strength of each solenoid’s pull-in coil, affects the time it takes to make a complete contact

Figure 11—This Denso PA90S solenoid utilizes straight ridges to limit arcing.

Figure 12—Mitsuba embossed the moving contact in their SM612 starter to reduce arcing damage.

Figure 13—The battery-side contact (right) from this 42MT solenoid has been damaged by severe arcing.


Figure 14—Note the roughness of the contacting surfaces in this close up view.

Figure 15—This is a close up view of the earlier shown 32-volt solenoid’s battery contact.

Figure 16—The copper residue was once part of the moving contact where it last touched the battery contact.

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connection. Increasing that magnetic force would decrease the time it takes to accomplish this and would limit arcing. The high current draw of some diesel starter solenoids (like Delco’s 39MT) seems to be aimed at closing the contacts faster. A weaker pull-in coil force increases the closing time, allowing for more arcing to take place.

The tension of the contact’s release spring must be strong enough to break the contacts. A stronger spring would obviously break them more quickly. But remember that the solenoid’s magnetic force must also overcome that spring to force the contacts closed. Also, the hold-in coil must be able to overcome the spring’s strength in order to hold the contacts tightly closed. Increasing the strength of the release spring to reduce arcing during “breaking”, would require increasing the magnetic field in the hold-in coil to overcome it. Every change or modification comes with a trade-off.

As you can see, a lot of engineering must go into a starter solenoid, as the different forces must interact with each other to limit arcing. (So, when you remanufacture solenoids, be sure that any replacement springs or coils have the same specifications as the original equipment parts.) Hopefully, this understanding of arcing will help you to better serve your customers when a solenoid sticks, or the contacts come back melted. There is a difference between wear and abuse that is not always black and white. It is normal for the positive stationary contact to lose metal as it wears. The motor-side contact will wear significantly less. The moving contact will typically show the least wear of all.

Over-cranking or extended-crank cycles will overheat the contacts to their melting point deep into their surfaces. When this has taken place, the surfaces will be extremely rough (see Figures 13 and 14). When one extended-crank cycle is followed closely by another, the still-molten metal will splatter upon contact-impact and leave signs, such as a deformed positive contact (see Figure 15) and large particles of once-molten copper inside the solenoid (see Figure 16).


TYPE OF DEVICE OR CONTACT REQUIRED PROPERTIES MATERIAL * SHAPE OF CONTACT

Rotary switch on printed circuit Resistance to frictional wear, low contact resistance

Fixed: Au on Ni; Sliding: AgPd, AgCu

Fixed: plated; Sliding: plated, welded or riveted

Sealed relay in metal can Very reliable and long life, fast bounce-free switching

PdCu, Mo with Au-plating

Fixed: plated parts or welded foils; Blades: FeNiplated with Mo and Au

Large Low Voltage contactors with arcing contacts

Withstanding high short circuits On make andbreak, low resistance on rated current, anti-weld

Arcing contacts Cu. WAg. Main contacts AgCu, AgNi, AgCdO, AgZnO, AgSnO

Solid contacts in Cu. others brazed or welded

Rotary switch, Manually operated Reliable switching of rated and overcurrent with compact shape

AgCu, AgNiCu, phosphor bronze

Rivets, solid or faced, automatically welded, profiled

Generator, commutator alternator Hard, creep resistant low contact resistance

Cu + 0.1% Ag Solid

Sliprings Low mechanical wear under brushes easy manufacturing

Cu, gummetal, Cupronickel, ”Monel”, for corrosive atmospheres

Cast and machined

High current d.c. breakers Low transfer, low erosion at high current low contact resistance

Cu Laminated strip

Small circuit breakers Anti-weld on short-circuit, low temperature rise at rated current, moderate erosion

Dependent on rating and construction Cu,AgCdO, AgW, AgWC, AgC mixed: AgC against Cu

Profiled, pressed, brazed, welded

*Ag – silver, Au - gold, Pd - palladium, Rh - rhodium, Ni - nickel, W - tungsten, Zn - zinc, Cd - cadmium, Mo - molybdenum, O - oxide, e.g. CdO = Cadmium oxide, C - carbon, Sn - tin

References Cited (in this document): Copper Developement Association (CDA), 1980, Copper in Electrical Contacts, Technical Note 23, CDA, 5 Grovelands Business Centre, Boundary Way, Hemel Hempsted, HP2 7TE, UK

In a future article, we will explain how different types of electrical loads affect arcing and contact wear in distinctly unique ways.

The following table provides some basic information on copper alloys used in low-voltage direct-current applications. n


ACE/MCI Commodities (Cores) AFTERMARKET INTERNATIONAL

Allen Woods & Associates

Armakleen Company

ATHIDRAULIC

ATSG

Auto Parts Direct Beijing Naifu International Trade Co., Ltd.

BPS Cores, Inc. ChinaHanji Power Co.., Ltd.

Circular Economy Solutions GmbH DC Tricore

DieselCore Diesel Parts of America Duncan Recycling & Refining, LLC Expo Enterprise Inc

Gobbi Spare Parts S.P.A. Hart Bros Core Co LLC Houghton International International Automotive Trading, Inc.

Interstate Billing Services

Jada USA, LLC

JJ Cores

Jrone Turbocharger System

2017 Big R ExhibitorsB I G S H O W


O C T O B E R 2 8 – 3 0 , 2 0 1 7

TM

ACE/MCI Commodities (Cores)

ATHIDRAULIC

DC Tricore

Expo Enterprise Inc


Kotek America Inc. L R Miller Company, Inc Level Seven Group LLC MAHLE Aftermarket Inc.

Mylex International Inc.

NSK Corp

Paul Automobiles

Phoenix Automotive Cores

Rebuilders Automotive Supply ReMaTec

RIT - Center for Remanufacturing and Resource Recovery

Romaine Electric

Superior Engine Parts

The Recycler Core Company

Turbo International

Unlimited Packaging & Supplies

Wah Seng Industry Son BHD WAIGlobal Yota Enterprise YouTech Group

Paul Automobiles

Wah Seng Industry Son BHD Yota Enterprise

Several great spots are still available in the trade show. Visit www.apra.org/2017BigR Contact Scott Parker at [email protected] or 703-968-2772 to reserve your affordable booth and gain exposure to the whole industry.


C L A S S I C R E M A N

1953 Mercury MontereyBy Vern Parker

The last thing Gerry Dick thought he would be doing later that spring day in 2012 would be driving home in a 1953 Mercury Monterey

two-door hardtop coupe.Dick had agreed to accompany a friend to an

antique car event about 100 miles from his Lottsburg, Virginia home. While at the event Dick spotted a yellow 1953 Mercury that was on display but not for sale. He jokingly asked the owner when he was going to sell him the car.

“Today,” came the unexpected answer.Dick saw the spectacular condition of the car and

was told the Mercury had undergone a thorough restoration two or three owners before.

He bought the car without even starting the 255.4-cubic-inch flathead V-8 engine and drove it home.

“I bought it,” Dick recalls, “because it looked nice.”He soon discovered that the Mercury had not been

driven for several years after the restoration and had been trailered to various antique car shows and was never given the exercise it was designed to receive.

Consequently Dick says he had to fix everything.Once the Mercury had undergone a thorough

physical Dick began to exercise his yellow car. It came equipped with quite a few optional extras including:

• Heater.• AM radio.• Spot light.• Turn signals.• Fender skirts.• Power brakes.• Backup lights.• Power steering.• Merc-O-Matic transmission.


The 3,465-pound Mercury had a base price in 1953 of $2,244 before the cost of all the extras were tacked onto the price.

Fifteen-inch white sidewall tires support the handsome car on a 118-inch wheelbase.

Inside the Mercury, every surface from the yellow headliner down to the black carpet everything in between is either black or yellow or a combination of both colors.

A 360-degree chrome horn ring adds sparkle to the black steering wheel.

On either side of the 110-mile-per-hour speedometer are the aircraft-inspired toggle controls.

A total of 76,119 Mercury models like Dick’s were manufactured, each with a single outside mirror on the driver’s side.

In a nod to safety Dick has added a similar mirror on the passenger’s side.

Soon after Dick had returned his Mercury to good health he began to give it regular exercise. The car is so finely tuned that only a slight touch of the six-volt starter is necessary for the engine to spring to life and send a throaty rumble tumbling out of the dual exhaust pipes.

Dick reports achieving fuel economy figures of about 15 to 16 miles per gallon at highway speeds. The rear license plate hides the gasoline cap.

Concerning his Mercury, Dick now says, “I can sail down the road just like I had good sense.” n


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O C T O B E R 2 8 – 3 0 , 2 0 1 7

2017 Big R Speakers: Get the Reman Knowledge You Need to SucceedThe 2017 Big R Show will feature a wide range of technical and business related topics that you need to succeed. Over the next few weeks, details regarding additional sessions and topics will be sent via email and in the next magazine.

Register now to attend the seminar program by choosing “Seminar Pass” on the registration form on page 25.

A Review of Newer Charging/Starting Systems & ComponentsMohammad Sammi, Sammy’s Auto Electric Service The more recent generations of the rotating electrical components, particularly the LIN alternators that communicate with the ECM via data-bus, or the ones that are directly connected to ECM for variable voltage setting are the subjects of this seminar. Additionally, PCM-commanded and controlled starting system that uses the ignition switch only as a request for the cranking process will be discussed, along with related schematics and system operating principles.

TransabilityWayne Colonna, Automatic Transmission Service Group This three hour technical session from ATSG industry expert will address: drivability issues. Externally influenced transmission malfunctions. TCC Shudders. Diagnostic tips. Silver Bullet Fixes. Computer malfunctions.

This will cover GM, Ford, Chrysler, Medium Duty Trucks, Import vehicles.

INTERNATIONAL AUTOMOTIVE CORE SUPPLIER

SEE WHAT PHOENIX AUTOMOTIVE CORES

CAN INSPIRE IN YOU!

Sample of other topics to be presented:Drivability and HybridsScanners & ProgrammingCleaning

TurbochargersLegal Issues Surrounding Remanufacturing


FRIDAY, OCTOBER 278:00 AM – 5:00 PM APRA Board Meeting2:00 PM – 5:00 PM Exhibitor Set-up

SATURDAY, OCTOBER 289:00 AM – 5:00 PM Exhibitor Set-Up2:00 PM – 4:50 PM Educational Sessions**5:00 PM – 6:00 PM Member Reception

(Free for APRA Members)

SUNDAY, OCTOBER 299:00 AM – 10:45 AM Educational Sessions**11:00 AM – 1:00 PM Awards Lunch***1:30 PM – 6:00 PM Big R Trade Show Opens*6:00 PM – 7:00 PM Reception in Trade Show*

MONDAY, OCTOBER 30 9:00 AM – 1:00 PM Trade Show Opens*12:00 PM Past Presidents Lunch1:00 PM Trade Show Tear Down1:30 PM – 2:20 PM Core Supplier Meeting

www.regitar.com

Inquire for any opportunities to join our growing Sales team!2575 Container Drive | Montgomery, AL 36109

Tel: 334.244.1885 | Toll Free: 1.877.REGITAR | Fax: 334.244.1901 | [email protected]

Celebrating 30 years as a global manufacturer of high quality automotive electronics to the Aftermarket. Look to REGITAR for all your Ignition System component needs. Visit our Website for the complete list of Ignition System products along with vehicle application information.

Call us for Technical Support on these and all our Products

1987-2017

Years of Excellence30

2017 International Big R Show Tentative AgendaOctober 27 – 30, 2017 | Las Vegas, Nevada

Register on page 25. * included with Trade Show & Reception. ** included with Seminar Pass. *** included with Award Lunch with Keynote.


B I G S H O W


O C T O B E R 2 8 – 3 0 , 2 0 1 7

Member-Only ReceptionSaturday, October 28th • 5 pm – 6 pm

All APRA Members are invited to a member-only reception on Saturday evening from 5 pm – 6 pm at Bally’s. This is open only to APRA members and there is no fee to attend. The reception will feature hors d’oeuvres and drinks. Come join your fellow APRA members for a great way to kick off the event. No need to register, a membership roster will be used to allow access.

Big R Awards LunchSunday, October 29th • 11 am – 1 pm

Immediately before the ribbon cutting for the Big R Show, APRA will host an awards lunch that will feature a keynote

speaker. All attendees may purchase a ticket for this event (between $25-$50/person) using the form on page 25.

Big R Reception in Trade ShowSunday, October 29th • 6 pm – 7 pm

Everybody who registers for a Trade Show & Reception pass (just $20/person if pre-registered) using the form on page 25 is welcome to attend the Big R Reception. This year, the reception will be held right on the floor of the trade show and will feature food and drink.

Extra Networking Opportunities at 2017 Big R

Let us put the DRIVEin your STARTER!

Call us now for price and availabilityUSAWAI Corporate Florida3300 Corporate WayMiramar, FL 33025 www.waiglobal.com

1.800.877.3340

WAI now stocks 250 ZEN part numbersin our five North American warehouses.


LEGACY SPONSORSHIPSPLATINUM SPONSOR ............................................... $4000 Only 4 AvailableWeb Banner Ad at www.apra.org for full year ($3000 value)Reserved Big R Lunch Table for 10 ($250 value)Extra Large Logo on Show Guide CoverLogo on Big R Event Page ($400 value)Extra Large Logo on Event SignageFull Page ad in Reman Connection ($1100 value)Platinum Sponsor Ribbon on Badge

GOLD SPONSOR ....................................................... $2000 Only 8 AvailableWeb Banner Ad at www.apra.org for 6 months in

2018 ($1500 value)Big R Lunch Tickets for 4 ($100 value)Large Logo on Show Guide CoverLogo on Big R Event Page ($400 value)Large Logo on Event SignageHalf Page ad in Reman Connection ($720 value)Gold Sponsor Ribbon on Badge

SILVER SPONSOR ...................................................... $1000Only 12 AvailableBig R Lunch Tickets for 2 ($50 value)Logo on Show Guide CoverLogo on Big R Event Page ($400 value)Logo on Event SignageQuarter Page ad in Reman Connection ($400 value)Silver Sponsor Ribbon on Badges

BRONZE SPONSOR ..................................................... $500Small Logo on Show Guide CoverLogo on Big R Event Page ($400 value)Small Logo on Event SignageBronze Sponsor Ribbon on Badge

GENERAL SPONSORSHIPSBIG R LUNCH ............................................................. $1000Big R Lunch Tickets for 4 ($100 value)Signage with Large Logo in LunchLogo on Screen during Lunch

FLOOR DECALS ........................................................... $800Located near trade show entrance

REGISTRATION SPONSOR ........................................ $600Logo on signage near the registration area

RECEPTION/DRINK TICKET SPONSOR .................. $600Logo on drink tickets for Sunday ReceptionLogo on signage near bar for reception

A/V SPONSOR .............................................................. $500Logo on splash screens in education sessions

MONDAY COFFEE BREAK ......................................... $250Logo on tent cards near coffee station in trade show

CHARGING STATION SPONSOR ............................... $250Logo on signage near phone charging station

CANDY BOWL SPONSOR ........................................... $150Logo on tent cards near large candy bowl near registration

SHOW GUIDE ADVERTISINGBACK COVER AD ...................................................... $3750INSIDE FRONT COVER AD ...................................... $3000INSIDE BACK COVER AD ........................................ $3000FULL PAGE AD ........................................................... $1500HALF PAGE AD ............................................................ $850COLOR LOGO IN SHOW GUIDE ............................... $250

It only happens once a year. The leading remanufacturing companies gather in Las Vegas for education, networking and to interact with the leading vendors at the trade show.

There is no better and affordable way to gain massive exposure to the 1500+ remanufacturing industry leaders in attendance than to be a sponsor at the 2017 APRA Big R Show. Sponsorships range from $150 to $4000 to meet any budget.

To reserve your sponsorship, use the form on page 26. Questions: contact Scott Parker at [email protected] or 703-968-2772.

2017 Big R SponsorshipsGreatest & Most Affordable Marketing Exposure Ever


B I G S H O W


O C T O B E R 2 8 – 3 0 , 2 0 1 7

Platinum Sponsor Gold Sponsor

Silver Sponsors Bronze Sponsors

Lanyard Sponsor Floor Decal Sponsor

2017 Big R Sponsors

Add your company logo to this list. Secure your affordable sponsorship on page 26.


ASREM AUTOMOTIVE REMANUFACTURE STARTERS ALTERNATORSManufacturer Supplier

in TurkeyPrimary Contact:

Fikret Senbaykusogluexport@

yandex.com90 535-2599013Rebuilds injectors, high

pressure pumps, DPF, chromotacky graphs.

HanyangUniversity/Technical

School in Seoul, South Korea

Primary Contact: Sungwook Park

[email protected] 222200430

My Auto StoreCore Supplier in

Bellmawr, New YorkPrimary Contact:

Stephen Deaconstephen.deacon@

emrgroup.com856-365-7500

Power Steering Specialty LtdRemanufacturer in

Kingston, JamaicaPrimary Contact:

Cecil [email protected]

Rich Fry TransCore Supplier in New

Ringgold, PennsylvaniaPrimary Contact:

Richard Frye570-943-2464

W E L C O M E N E W M E M B E R S


The Automotive Parts Remanufacturers Association (APRA) will be co-locating its International Big R Show with NACE Automechanika in 2018 and subsequent

years, according to a Memorandum of Understanding signed by the parties. The first co-located event will occur August 8-10, 2018 in Atlanta, Georgia.

Currently, the APRA Big R Show is the leading networking and education event in North America for the independent automotive remanufacturing industry. NACE Automechanika is the largest U.S. trade show dedicated to high-end technical and management-related training for automotive collision and service repair shops.

“APRA is thrilled to be partnering with NACE Automechanika,” stated APRA President Joe Kripli. “Our association’s mission is to create opportunities for members of

the association. This combined event will deliver on that as our industry continues to evolve.”

“As we make progress in planning for NACE Automechanika 2018, our main objective continues to be uniting the industry through our commitment to training. We are pleased that beginning with our Atlanta event next year, remanufacturing will be an area of focus going forward,” said Dennis Smith, President and CEO, Messe Frankfurt North America.

The powerful combination of these two events in 2018 and beyond will create incredible new networking and education opportunities for exhibitors and attendees alike. The co-located Big R Show and NACE Automechanika events will establish the leading and fastest growing trade show for remanufacturing, collision and service repair in North America.

Exhibitors at this year’s International Big R Show to be held in Las Vegas, Nevada, October 28-30, 2017 will receive priority position and discounts for the 2018 Big R Show in the co-located event.

The APRA Big R Show will be co-located with NACE Automechanika for 2019 in Chicago, Illinois and 2020 in a location to be determined.

About NACE AutomechanikaNACE Automechanika is the largest U.S. trade show dedicated to high-end technical and management-related training for automotive collision and service repair shops. n

APRA Big R Show to co-locate with NACE Automechanika in 2018

700 Houston St., West Sacramento, CA 956911-800-237-1444 P: 916-371-4493 www.westportproducts.com

DRIVELINE BALANCING EQUIPMENTPRESS–WELD–STRAIGHTEN–BALANCE

ALL IN ONE MACHINE


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O C T O B E R 2 8 – 3 0 , 2 0 1 7

NAME BADGE NAME, IF DIFFERENT

COMPANY

ADDRESS

CITY STATE ZIP COUNTRY

PHONE EMAIL

Registration Form Complete one form for each person. Only one form required to include payment information.

EXHIBITORS: Do Not Use This Form - Use Exhibitor Agreement Form.

Standard OnSite Total Members

Trade Show & Reception $20 $35 __________

Seminar Pass $80 $85 __________

Award Lunch with Keynote $25 $40 __________

Non-Members

Trade Show & Reception $20 $40 __________

Seminar Pass $100 $105 __________

Award Lunch with Keynote $35 $50 __________

Total Due __________

❏ Check (Payable to APRA in U.S. dollars drawn on U.S. Bank) ❏ American Express ❏ Visa ❏ MasterCard

NAME ON CARD SIGNATURE

CARD NUMBER EXP. DATE SECURITY CODE

BILLING ADDRESS

Cancellation Policy: Cancellations through September 4: A $20 service charge. Between September 5 - October 25: $20 or 50% refund of the registration fee (whichever is

CONTACT INFO

REGISTRATION TYPE

PAYMENT OPTIONS

SUBMIT YOUR REGISTRATION Book Your Hotel Room Now Bally’s Las Vegas Room Rate: $119-$159 (+ additional resort fee of $29) Call 1-(800)-358- 8777** and ask for the Big R Show rate or go to www.apra.org > events by October 3 to book at the discounted rate. Be aware that rooms may sell out early. ** Please note that there is a $15 surcharge for making reservations via phone. To avoid this

charge, make your hotel reservations online at apra.org> Events.

Credit Card Only: Email [email protected] or fax 703-753-2445

Check or Credit Card: Mail to 7250 Heritage Village Plaza, Suite 201, Gainesville, VA 20155

Questions: Call 703-968-2772 or email [email protected]

Paid by 10/25 After 10/25Ticket Information

Trade Show & Reception: Unlimited entry to the Big R trade

Includes Reception evening of 10/29.

Seminar Pass: Full entry to any/all of a dozen reman technical &

market sessions.

Award Lunch with Keynote Speaker: Access to the Big R Awards Lunch with Keynote

Speaker on 10/29.


B I G S H O W


O C T O B E R 2 8 – 3 0 , 2 0 1 7

NAME BADGE NAME, IF DIFFERENT

COMPANY

ADDRESS

CITY STATE ZIP COUNTRY

PHONE EMAIL

Registration Form Complete one form for each person. Only one form required to include payment information.

EXHIBITORS: Do Not Use This Form - Use Exhibitor Agreement Form.

Early Bird Standard OnSite Total Members

Trade Show & Reception $20 $20 $35 __________

Seminar Pass $70 $80 $85 __________

Award Lunch with Keynote $25 $25 $40 __________

Non-Members

Trade Show & Reception $20 $20 $40 __________

Seminar Pass $90 $100 $105 __________

Award Lunch with Keynote $35 $35 $50 __________

Total Due __________

o Check (Payable to APRA in U.S. dollars drawn on U.S. Bank) o American Express o Visa o MasterCard



BILLING ADDRESS EMAIL TO SEND RECEIPT (IF DIFFERENT THAN ABOVE)

Cancellation Policy: Cancellations through September 4: A $20 service charge. Between September 5 - October 25: $20 or 50% refund of the registration fee (whichever is higher). No refunds after October 25.

CONTACT INFO

REGISTRATION TYPE

PAYMENT OPTIONS

SUBMIT YOUR REGISTRATION Book Your Hotel Room Now Bally’s Las Vegas Room Rate: $119-$159 (+ additional resort fee of $29) Call 1-(800)-358- 8777** and ask for the Big R Show rate or go to www.apra.org > events by October 3 to book at the discounted rate. Be aware that rooms may sell out early. ** Please note that there is a $15 surcharge for making reservations via phone. To avoid this

charge, make your hotel reservations online at apra.org> Events.

Credit Card Only: Email [email protected] or fax 703-753-2445

Check or Credit Card: Mail to 7250 Heritage Village Plaza, Suite 201, Gainesville, VA 20155

Questions: Call 703-968-2772 or email [email protected]

Paid by 9/4 Paid by 10/25 After 10/25Ticket Information

Trade Show & Reception: Unlimited entry to the Big R trade

show floor on 10/29 & 10/30. Includes Reception evening of

10/29.

Seminar Pass: Full entry to any/all of a dozen reman technical &

market sessions.

Award Lunch with Keynote Speaker: Access to the Big R Awards Lunch with Keynote

Speaker on 10/29.

Sponsorship Form Contact Info

NAME TITLE

COMPANY EMAIL

Sponsorship Opportunitieso PLATINUM SPONSOR .....................................$4000 o GOLD SPONSOR .............................................$2000o SILVER SPONSOR .............................................$1000o BRONZE SPONSOR .............................................$500o BIG R LUNCH .....................................................$1000o FLOOR DECALS ...................................................$800o REGISTRATION SPONSOR ................................$600o RECEPTION/DRINK TICKET SPONSOR..........$600o A/V SPONSOR ......................................................$500o MONDAY COFFEE BREAK .................................$250o CHARGING STATION SPONSOR .....................$250o CANDY BOWL SPONSOR .................................$150

SHOW GUIDE ADVERTISINGo BACK COVER AD ....................................................$3750o INSIDE FRONT COVER AD .................................. $3000o INSIDE BACK COVER AD ..................................... $3000o FULL PAGE AD ........................................................$1500o HALF PAGE AD ..........................................................$850o COLOR LOGO IN SHOW GUIDE ...........................$250

Payment Options



BILLING STREET NUMBER & ZIP (if different than above) EMAIL TO SEND RECEIPT (if different than above)

Submit Your SponsorshipCredit Card Only: Email [email protected] or fax 703-753-2445Check or Credit Card: Mail to 7250 Heritage Village Plaza, Suite 201, Gainsville, VA 20155Questions: Call 703-968-2772 or email [email protected]

Book Now Before Rooms Sell OutAPRA has reserved a block of discounted rooms for you at Bally’s Las Vegas which is right in the center of the strip.

If you are attending the APRA Big R Show or AAPEX this year, then it is time to reserve your room and to secure the best room at the best rate use the APRA Room Block.

HOTEL INFORMATIONBally’s Las Vegas 3645 S Las Vegas BlvdLas Vegas, NV 89109 By reserving in the APRA room block, members will receive: • Unlimited local Phone calls• In-Room Internet Access• 24-hour access to the Fitness Center

RESERVATION INFORoom Rate: $119 - $159 (+ additional resort fee of $29.00 and 12% room tax) October 25, 26, 27 - $119 October 28 - $159 October 29 - $119 After October 30 - $159 Reserve by phone: 1-(800)-358- 8777*

* There is a $15 service fee to make reservations over the phone. To avoid the fee, reserve your rooms online at www.apra.org/2017BigRHotel

The cut off date for reservations is October 3, after which reservations will be accepted on a space and rate available basis. Be aware that rooms may sell out prior to this date.

Bally’s Discounted Rooms Available

October 28-30, 2017 • Bally’s Las Vegas

The Ultimate Networking & Educational Event for the Remanufacturing Industry• Network with 1000+ Reman

Industry Leaders.

• Grow your business - sell, order & close deals!

• Keep current with industry trends & developments.

• Interact with top supplier/vendors.

For more information, visit www.apra.org/2017BigR

Big R Show: Attend for just $20 The APRA Big R Show will feature the latest products and services for the remanufacturing industry.

Register for just $20 for the trade show and reception. Education seminars and lunch with a keynote speaker are available for an extra fee.

Discounted Hotel Rooms APRA has secured discounted rooms for members as low as $119/night - $159/night at Bally’s. You can extend your stay in the discounted APRA block for AAPEX. For details, visit www.apra.org/2017BigRHotel

Big R Trade Show: Reserve Your Booth Today at the #1 Reman Show The Big R Trade Show is selling quickly. Contact Scott Parker at [email protected] or 703-968-2772 to reserve your affordable booth at the #1 Reman Show and gain exposure. This year, the show will feature a Reman Pavilion for the first time.

B I G S H O W

Documents

INTERNATIONAL...ISSUE 7/8 • 2017 PRSRT STD US POSTAGE PAID MAILED FROM 53147 PERMIT NO. 12 The official publication of Serving Automotive, Heavy Duty, Industrial & Agricultural Remanufacturers