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International Energy Agency IEA Jens Laustsen
Policy Analyst for Efficiency in Buildings
From Kyoto to Copenhagen – From Energy Waste to Clean
Energy use in Buildings
Cutting down energy consumption in buildings Towards a factor 4 policy for buildings
10 October 2009
Copenhagen
© OECD/IEA, 2009
Key messages
Energy efficiency is a critical part of a sustainable energy future
Buildings energy use can be reduced dramatically alone with existing solutions
A reduction to ¼ of BAU in 2050 is rational and economic reasonable (Factor 4)
IEA 25 recommendations provide direction – high emphasis on buildings
W.I.N = World-wide Implementation Now
© OECD/IEA, 2009
Energy efficiency – critical part of Energy efficiency – critical part of sustainable energy futuresustainable energy future
Buildings:
Can deliver larges reductions in CO2
emissions at low costs
© OECD/IEA - 2008
Reductions in energy-related COReductions in energy-related CO22 emissions in the climate-policy scenariosemissions in the climate-policy scenariosReductions in energy-related COReductions in energy-related CO22 emissions in the climate-policy scenariosemissions in the climate-policy scenarios
While technological progress is needed to achieve some emissions reductions, efficiency gains and deployment of existing low-carbon energy account for most of the savings.
20
25
30
35
40
45
2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030
Gig
aton
nes
Reference Scenario 550 Policy Scenario 450 Policy Scenario
CCS Renewables & biofuels
Nuclear
Energy efficiency
550 Policy
Scenario
450 Policy
Scenario
54%
23%
14% 9%
77 % of the solution !
Energy Efficiency in buildings is a central part of this
© OECD/IEA, 2009
Energy efficiency in buildings is climate change abatement at low costs
• Why ? - They are feasible on long term !
Many recent studies shows exactly the same trends ! But maybe we don’t take these initiatives far enough !• How far can we take energy efficiency in buildings at rational
costs ?• Examples from ongoing IEA study !
© OECD/IEA, 2009
Buildings
IEA: Energy technology perspective 2008 McKenzie institute: Climate reports 2007 - 2009
Buildings
Renewable Energy
Energy use in BuildingsEnergy use in Buildings
From Waste of Energy to Clean Energy
Frankfurt/M Germany SophienhofFAAG/ABG Frankfurt Architect Fuessler
Blocks of Flats160 dwellings14 767 m²Passive House Technology15 kwh / m² per year
Extra costs= 3-5% of the total costs
Payback = 9 – 10 years Can we afford this ?
© OECD/IEA, 2009
Zero Carbon / Zero Energy
Is this possible ?
BedZet, London, UK
Solar Siedlung Vauban Freiburg, Germany
The way to Zero Energy Buildings in US, DOE
Development of UK Buildings Codes
2019
Zero Carbon Plus Energy
© OECD/IEA, 2009
Building Codes Towards Zero
kW
h pe
r m
² pe
r ye
ar
Zero
ener
gy in
203
0 ?
Plus e
nerg
y 204
0 ?
How does this become mainstream ?
Decisi
on in
Par
liam
ent 2
008
© OECD/IEA, 2009
Setting zero targets 2025 / 30California Energy Commission
Package for existing Buildings Frankfurt Refurbishment using Passive House Technology
87%
All existing buildings need to be refurbished in next 40 - 50 years
Fac
tor
10
© OECD/IEA, 2009
Source: Passivehouse Institute / DENA
Better than new !Energy standard refurbishment
0
50
100
150
200
250
300k
Wh
7(m
²a)
Primary losses
Losses in system
Hot sanitory water
Energy demand
Source: DENA Besser als ein Neubau
© OECD/IEA, 2009
Very Best practice Renovationin Germany
Germany
Demands refurbishment
Demands new
Minus 30 %
Minus 50 %
Fact
or
10
Very Best practice Renovationin GermanyFactor 10
Better than new !Energy standard refurbishment
0
50
100
150
200
250
300k
Wh
7(m
²a)
Primary losses
Losses in system
Hot sanitory water
Energy demand
Source: DENA Besser als ein Neubau
High-rise: Changing the ViewIEA / EuroAce 2006
St. Petersburg, Russia
© OECD/IEA, 2009
Very Best practice Renovationin Germany
Germany
Demands refurbishment
Demands new
Minus 30 %
Minus 50 %
Fact
or
10
28 kWh/m²
- 91 %
28 kWh/m²
- 88 %
22 kWh/m²
- 89 %
21 kWh/m²
- 96 %
44 kWh/m²
- 83 %
35 kWh/m²
- 90 %
Examples a
lso in
Austria, S
weden,
Hungary, Switz
erland,
……
…
Demands for products • Mandatory solar systems
– Israel, Spain, Portugal
• Minimum efficiency for products - labelling
© OECD/IEA, 2009
Florida Solar initiative
Cut Energy WasteCut Energy Waste
Going new ways – or finding old solutions
Cut energy waste in buildings !
© OECD/IEA, 2009
There is a large potential: • We have to go new ways• Use control systems and new solutions• But we also need to look at history / tradition
Training of architects, engineers, installers, constructors is essential
Energy efficiency needs to be at the front page !
An example !
Generic Architecture
Misr University for Science and Technology, Cairo
© OECD/IEA, 2009
Old solutions – generic architecture used in new ways
Source Proffessor Ahmed Abdin, Cairo Technical University
No windows !
No windows !
Windows
Windows
Generic Architecture
Misr University for Science and Technology, Cairo
© OECD/IEA, 2009
Old solutions – generic architecture used in new ways
Source Proffessor Ahmed Abdin, Cairo Technical University
But using sunlight !
Generic Architecture
Misr University for Science and Technology, Cairo
Old solutions – generic architecture used in new ways
Source Proffessor Ahmed Abdin, Cairo Technical University
Protected against the sun !
© OECD/IEA, 2009
What if we do all this at the same time ?What if we do all this at the same time ?
IEA study in progress
Modelling on energy efficient buildingsDevelopment in the 9 regions
© OECD/IEA, 2009
Study on Energy Efficient Buildings
If very best practice examples and policies were implementedglobally and fast: Energy use for buildings (heating, cooling, ventilation and hot water)
could be reduced far beyond 50 %. 75 % reduction compared to business as usual would probably both be
possible and rational. Book to document this will be out early 2010. Such and implementation of energy efficiency in buildings would have
massive impact on: • Security of supply, • CO2 emissions,• Global health,• Investments in supply sector,• Would crate millions of new jobs.
Increased research and deployment can increase this potential.
© OECD/IEA, 2009
25 energy efficiency policy recommendations across 7 priority areas
1. Across sectors1.1 Measures for increasing investment in
energy efficiency;1.2 National energy efficiency strategies and
goals;1.3 Compliance, monitoring, enforcement
and evaluation of energy efficiency measures;
1.4 Energy efficiency indicators;1.5 Monitoring and reporting progress with
the IEA energy efficiency recommendations themselves.
2. Buildings2.1 Building codes for new buildings;2.2 Passive Energy Houses and Zero Energy
Buildings;2.3 Policy packages to promote energy
efficiency in existing buildings;2.4 Building certification schemes;2.5 Energy efficiency improvements in
glazed areas.
3. Appliances3.1 Mandatory energy performance
requirements or labels;3.2 Low-power modes, including standby
power, for electronic and networked equipment;
3.3 Televisions and “set-top” boxes; 3.4 Energy performance test standards and
measurement protocols.
4. Lighting4.1 Best practice lighting and the
phase-out of incandescent bulbs;4.2 Ensuring least-cost lighting in
non-residential buildings and the phase-out of inefficient fuel-based lighting.
5. Transport5.1 Fuel-efficient tyres;5.2 Mandatory fuel efficiency
standards for light-duty vehicles;5.3 Fuel economy of heavy-duty
vehicles;5.4 Eco-driving.
6. Industry6.1 Collection of high quality energy
efficiency data for industry;6.2 Energy performance of electric
motors;6.3 Assistance in developing energy
management capability;6.4 Policy packages to promote
energy efficiency in small and medium-sized enterprises.
7. Utilities7.1 Utility end-use energy efficiency
schemes. © OECD/IEA, 2009© OECD/IEA, 2009
Conclusions• Energy efficiency in buildings is
www: • Consumers win because they get
lower fuel cost and lower total costs over time, increased comfort.
• Business win because it creates activity and new jobs locally.
• Governments win because it implements climate policy goals, improves security of supply, improves economy and health.
• Potential is enormous.• Can contribute substantial to
climate abatement policies.• A reduction with factor 3 or 4 is
possible alone with known solutions.
• Policies exist but need larger scope and global implementation.
• Many barriers to overcome.• EE in buildings is cost efficient and
it will save large investments and costs in supply.
• EE in buildings will have many additional benefits: health, security of supply, creation of employment.
• Start with the 25 existing IEA recommendations - already endorsed by the G8 and large developing countries.
• We need W.I.N
© OECD/IEA, 2009© OECD/IEA, 2009
Much more can be done – both in new and existing buildings
Thank you
For more information buildings and recommendations:
www.iea.orgwww.iea.org/G8/2008/G8_EE_recommendations.pdf
Contact:[email protected]@iea.org
