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INTERNATIONAL EDITION | FRIDAY, JANUARY 19, 2018

HOW TO MOURNMEETING GRIEF,AND SURVIVING ITPAGE 12 | WELL

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It happened between neatly stackedrows of shampoo and organic baby food:A teenage boy is accused of walking upto his ex-girlfriend in the local drug-store, pulling out a kitchen knife with aneight-inch blade and stabbing her in theheart.

The death in Kandel, in southwesternGermany, on Dec. 27 has traumatizedthis sleepy town of barely 10,000 inhab-itants, not just because both the boy andthe victim were just 15 years old andwent to the local school, but also be-cause the boy is an Afghan migrant andthe girl was German.

From the moment Germany openedits doors to more than a million migrantstwo years ago, prominent episodes likethe Berlin Christmas market attack andthe New Year’s molestation and rapes inCologne have stoked German insecuri-ties. But the case of the two teenagers,Abdul D. and Mia V., has struck a special

nerve because the killing happened insuch a quiet and provincial setting andthe two people involved were so young.It became national news, was debatedover dinner tables, on talk shows and onsocial media sites, and reinforced fearsthat Germany was becoming less safe.

Yet perceptions are one thing andstatistics are another. Reported crimeshave edged up over the past two years,but over all, violent crimes have beentrending downward for a decade in Ger-many, which remains one of the safestcountries in Europe. Nevertheless, eachcrime involving a migrant or asylumseeker has become a fresh occasion fornational hand-wringing.

Something has shifted in Germany.Not so long ago, the logistical challengeand cost of integrating new migrantsstill dominated the public debate. Thesedays, the growing unease with Chancel-lor Angela Merkel’s migration policyhas reached a new and febrile stage.

“I am scared,” said Jana Weigel, a 24-year-old dental assistant, as she lit acandle outside the DM drugstore wherethe killing took place.

Calls have multiplied for mandatorymedical exams to determine the age ofmigrants claiming to be minors and forswifter deportations of those who — likethe boy accused of the fatal attack —have been denied asylum.

A preliminary coalition agreementbetween Ms. Merkel’s conservativesand the more liberal Social Democratsannounced on Friday includes a cap of220,000 refugees per year and strictlylimits the number of family members al-lowed to join a refugee in Germany.

Even in the proudly tolerant and left-voting Kandel, the mood has hardened.Many in the town took the killing per-sonally. Before Mia broke up with Abdul,he had been welcomed into her family,Ms. Weigel pointed out, much like the GERMANY, PAGE 6

Migration policy on trial

Kandel, the town in southwestern Germany where a teenage girl was killed last month.Her former boyfriend, an Afghan migrant, is accused in the fatal stabbing.

DMITRY KOSTYUKOV FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES

KANDEL, GERMANY

In a small German town,girl’s death puts spotlighton welcome of newcomers

BY KATRIN BENNHOLD

In 2014, years after he moved fromSouth Africa to Australia, the novelistJ. M. Coetzee finally sold his ownapartment in Cape Town. Soon after-ward a researcher went through acardboard box left behind in the vacat-ed flat — and inside, to his astonish-ment, he discovered a welter of re-markable unpublished materials by thetaciturn Nobel laureate. But they werenot manuscripts. They were photo-graphs: sheafs of yellowing prints thatdepicted “scenes from provincial life,”as his three volumes of autobiographyare subtitled, as well as undevelopednegatives.

Before he turned to literature, it

turns out, Mr. Coetzee was a commit-ted teenage photographer — and hisblack-and-white impressions of hisfamily, his school and daily life on hisuncle’s farm are on view for the firsttime, in an exhibition at the Irma SternMuseum in Cape Town. Mr. Coetzeehad never shown the photographs toanyone; he was suspicious, when theexhibition was proposed, whether awriter’s early experiments with thecamera had any importance. But theimages, shot in 1955 and 1956, when theauthor was 15 and 16 years old, offer acrucial vista onto the formation of anauthor as restrained in his personaldisclosures as in his prose. More thanthat, they give a new depth to hisfiction, which owes as much to the artsof the lens as of the page.

The exhibition, which closes thisweekend, was organized by the curatorFarzanah Badsha and Hermann Wit-tenberg, the scholar who first foundthe images. Mr. Wittenberg providedme with digital reproductions of Mr.Coetzee’s early snaps, which had to COETZEE, PAGE 2

J.M. Coetzee in black and whiteCRITIC’S NOTEBOOK

BY JASON FARAGO

Recently found photosreveal a youth shaped by art and apartheid

The teenage J.M. Coetzee in a self-portrait. The Nobel-winning novelist began experi-menting with photography in 1955, when he was a 15-year-old student in Cape Town.

J.M. COETZEE

The New York Times publishes opinionfrom a wide range of perspectives inhopes of promoting constructive debateabout consequential questions.

Despite President Trump’s reportedcall to reject immigrants from “shitholecountries,” people from these countriesactually have plenty to teach us.

Let’s start with a quiz:Which country was the first in the

world to ban government discrimina-tion against gays in its constitution?

A) NorwayB) New ZealandC) South AfricaAnswer: It’s the so-called s-hole

country, South Africa. It also bansdiscrimination based on gender anddisability. Someday all the world will beso enlightened.

Here are other examples we canlearn from:

1. Sierra Leone’s president has com-mitted the country to providing freehealth care for children under 5 and forpregnant women, including prenatal

care and deliveries,although care stilllags. Meanwhile, inAmerica the issuedoesn’t get suchhigh-level attention,so American womendie in childbirth atfive times the rate ofBritish women.

2. Kenya is wayahead of the UnitedStates in mobile

money. It’s easy in Kenya to transfermoney by cellphone and to use a phoneas a bank account. Nearly everyone hasa mobile phone, and 88 percent of Ken-yan mobile phone users also havemobile money accounts. Kenyans don’tunderstand why Americans are sobackward in telecommunications.

3. Rwanda may eliminate cervicalcancer before America, for Rwandavaccinates virtually all girls against thehuman papillomavirus, which causescervical cancer. By also employingscreenings for older women who werenot vaccinated, it aims to eliminatecervical cancer by 2020. In contrast,only 65 percent of American girls getvaccinated for HPV, and a woman diesevery two hours in the United Statesfrom cervical cancer.

“I wish parents in the U.S. worked ashard as those in Rwanda to get theirdaughters vaccinated, so that they willnever need to know the horrors of

The realityof malignedcountries

OPINION

KRISTOF, PAGE 11

Despite Mr. Trump’scomments,Africannations areahead of theU.S. in manyrespects.

Nicholas Kristof

In the Khan Younis Refugee Camp inGaza, Mahmoud Ferwana, 59, huddledbeneath a flimsy nylon-and-sheet-metalroof while rain drenched the rest of hissqualid home’s sandy floor. He earnsmoney collecting broken stones; hischildren scavenge for copper. But noneof it amounts to a living.

The United Nations Relief and WorksAgency is what reliably puts food intheir mouths.

If that aid were to stop, Mr. Ferwanasaid this week, “I and my children willdie.”

That aid, to Mr. Ferwana and morethan five million other Palestinians liv-ing in refugee camps across the MiddleEast, is now endangered by what theagency’s leaders are calling the worst fi-nancial crisis in its seven-decade his-tory.

The United States, the agency’s big-gest donor, announced this week that itwas withholding $65 million from ascheduled payment of $120 million. TheTrump administration said it was press-ing for unspecified reforms from theagency, while also seeking to get Arabcountries to contribute more.

In response, the relief agency said onWednesday that it would begin a fund-raising campaign to try to close the gapbefore it is forced to cut vital safety-netservices.

“We’re reaching out to official donors,obviously, but also to the Arab world, tountraditional donors in emerging mar-kets and to individuals, in the hope thatwe can rapidly upscale the amountsthey give to us,” said Chris Gunness, theagency’s chief spokesman.

The Trump administration’s move,which added to a deficit of around $150million on the agency’s budget of nearly$1.25 billion, brought new attention to asprawling agency that functions as aquasi government in some areas of theMiddle East and has courted contro-versy throughout most of its history.And it revived politically loaded ques-tions about just who should qualify asrefugees and what is the proper role ofthe organization charged with caring forthem.

The agency, known by the acronymUnrwa, was set up in 1949 to aid thosewho fled or were expelled from theirhomes during the Arab-Israeli war of1948. Meant to be temporary, it definedrefugees loosely and expanded that defi-nition over time. One key difference be-tween it and the office of the United Na-tions High Commissioner for Refugees,critics say, is that the agency routinelyallows refugee status to be passed down REFUGEES, PAGE 6

Funding cutreignitesdebate onrefugee aidJERUSALEM

U.N. agency attractscriticism over the workit does for Palestinians

BY DAVID M. HALBFINGER

A woman in a car in Gaza with aid provided by the United Nations agency for Palestinian refugees. The United States is withholding $65 million in funding for the agency.MOHAMMED ABED/AGENCE FRANCE-PRESSE — GETTY IMAGES

nytimes.com/thedaily

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